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This paper presents a method to reduce the computational time required to solve shape optimization problems. A volume minimization problem under the mean compliance constraint is chosen as an example of the shape optimization problem. To solve this problem, an iterative algorithm based on the H^1 gradient method is considered as a conventional approach. In this study, we attempt to use a method of model order reduction for solving the linear elasticity problem based on the idea by Karhunen-Loève expansion (KLE). We consider the displacements obtained by the conventional method to be sampling data of a random variable; the orthonormal bases of KLE are defined as eigenfunctions of the eigenvalue problem obtained as the optimality condition of the variance maximization problem for the random variable. The feasibility of the proposed method is illustrated by testing the numerical scheme to a linear elastic body of the connecting rod type.

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The present paper describes a shape optimization procedure for designing running shoes, focusing on two mechanical properties, namely, the shock absorption and the stability keeping the right posture. These properties are evaluated from two deformations of a sole at characteristic timings during running motion. We define approximate planes for the deformations of sole’s upper boundary by least squares method. Using the planes, we choose the tilt angle in the shoe width direction at the mid stance phase of running motion as an objective function representing the stability, and the sunk amount at the contact phase of running motion as a constraint function representing the shock absorption. We assume that the sole is a bonded structure of soft and hard hyper-elastic materials, and the bonding and side boundaries are variable. In this study, we apply the formulation of nonparametric shape optimization to the sole considering finite deformation and contact condition of the bottom of the sole with the ground. Shape derivatives of the cost (objective and constraint) functions are obtained using the adjoint method. The H^1 gradient method using these shape derivatives is applied as an iterative algorithm. To solve this optimization problem, we developed a computer program combined with some commercial softwares. The validity of the optimization method is confirmed by numerical examples.

The aim of the present study is to analyze the stability of the pressure gradient driven modes (PM) and Alfvén eigenmodes (AE) in the large helical device (LHD) plasma if the rotational transform profile is modified by the current drive of the tangential neutral beam injectors (NBI). This study forms a basic search for optimized operation scenarios with reduced mode activity. The analysis is performed using the code FAR3d which solves the reduced MHD equations describing the linear evolution of the poloidal flux and the toroidal component of the vorticity in a full 3D system, coupled with equations for density and parallel velocity moments of the energetic particle (EP) species, including the effect of the acoustic modes. The Landau damping and resonant destabilization effects are added via the closure relation. On-axis and off-axis NBI current drive modifies the rotational transform which becomes strongly distorted as the intensity of the neutral beam current drive (NBCD) increases, leading to wider continuum gaps and modifying the magnetic shear. The simulations with on-axis NBI injection show that a counter (ctr-) NBCD in inward shifted and default configurations leads to a lower growth rate of the PM, although strong n = 1 and 2 AEs can be destabilized. For the outward shifted configurations, a co-NBCD improves the AEs stability but the PM are further destabilized if the co-NBCD intensity is 30 kA T−1. If the NBI injection is off-axis, the plasma stability is not significantly improved due to the further destabilization of the AE and energetic particle modes (EPM) in the middle and outer plasma region., source:J. Varela et al 2020 Nucl. Fusion 60 026016, source:https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ab60cf, identifier:0000-0002-6114-0539

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We take a shape optimization approach to solve a free boundary problem of the Poisson equation numerically. A numerical method called traction method invented by one of the authors are applied. We begin by changing the free boundary problem to a shape optimization problem and define a least square functional as a cost function. Then shape derivative of the cost function is derived by using Lagrange multiplier method. Detail structures and profiles of exact solutions to a concrete free boundary problem due to A. Henrot are also illustrated with proofs. They are used to check the efficiency of the traction method., Selected Papers from the International Symposium on Computational Science - International Symposium on Computational Science Kanazawa University, Japan

著者人数：16名, Accepted: 2010-10-11

食道癌手術患者は通過障害による摂食不良のため, 術前より低栄養状態を呈することが多かったが, 近年は生活習慣の変化, 診断技術の進歩やがん検診の普及により術前に過栄養の症例も増加している. また, 手術侵襲が大きい食道癌手術では, 術後合併症の発生頻度が高く, 合併症の発生が致命的となることがある. そこで今回, 術前過栄養と術後合併症の関係についてretrospectiveに検討した. 対象者は胸部食道癌手術患者56名とし, 術前栄養状態を術前体重の理想体重 (IBW) に対する割合 (%IBW) で表し, 術後合併症と%IBWとの関連を比較した. また合併症を感染性と非感染性に分けて%IBWとの関連を検討し, さらに開胸食道切除術と非開胸食道切除術を比較し, 術式との関連も検討した. 結果では, 手術例全体では%IBWは術後合併症あり群 (P群) が合併症なし郡 (N群) に比し有意に高値 (p<0.05) であった. 感染性合併症では両群に差を認めなかったが, 非感染性合併症はP群が有意に高値 (p

We present the results of CO (J=3-2) and CO (J=1-0) mapping observations toward the active cluster forming clump, L1688, in the rho Ophiuchi molecular cloud. From the CO (J=3-2) and CO (J=1-0) data cubes, we identify five outflows, whose driving sources are VLA 1623, EL 32, LFAM 26, EL 29, and IRS 44. Among the identified outflows, the most luminous outflow is the one from the prototypical Class 0 source, VLA 1623. We also discover that the EL 32 outflow located in the Oph B2 region has very extended blueshifted and redshifted lobes with wide opening angles. This outflow is most massive and have the largest momentum among the identified outflows in the CO (J=1-0) map. We estimate the total energy injection rate due to the molecular outflows identified by the present and previous studies to be about 0.2 L_solar, larger than or at least comparable to the turbulence dissipation rate [~(0.03 - 0.1) L_solar]. Therefore, we conclude that the protostellar outflows are likely to play a significant role in replenishing the supersonic turbulence in this clump., Comment: 37 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal

We present the results of CO (J=3-2) and CO (J=1-0) mapping observations toward the active cluster forming clump, L1688, in the rho Ophiuchi molecular cloud. From the CO (J=3-2) and CO (J=1-0) data cubes, we identify five outflows, whose driving sources are VLA 1623, EL 32, LFAM 26, EL 29, and IRS 44. Among the identified outflows, the most luminous outflow is the one from the prototypical Class 0 source, VLA 1623. We also discover that the EL 32 outflow located in the Oph B2 region has very extended blueshifted and redshifted lobes with wide opening angles. This outflow is most massive and have the largest momentum among the identified outflows in the CO (J=1-0) map. We estimate the total energy injection rate due to the molecular outflows identified by the present and previous studies to be about 0.2 L_solar, larger than or at least comparable to the turbulence dissipation rate [~(0.03 - 0.1) L_solar]. Therefore, we conclude that the protostellar outflows are likely to play a significant role in replenishing the supersonic turbulence in this clump., Comment: 37 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal

http://www.tulips.tsukuba.ac.jp/mylimedio/dl/page.do?issueid=102705801&old_issueid=791519&tocid=100055322&page=81-103

6.0はじめに：前稿1において見たように「共同体異分子の処遇に関する法律」をめぐる議論における法務省の姿勢は、内務省案に対抗して作成した独自案や内務省案に対して示された見解の中において大きな変化を示していた ..., http://www.tulips.tsukuba.ac.jp/mylimedio/dl/page.do?issueid=102587516&old_issueid=666293&tocid=100041973&page=41-77

X.ヴェルナー布告案 10.1各省庁の見解：1941年6月に閣議決定のために提出された「共同体異分子の処遇に関する法律」案は、更に修正が加えられた後、理由書と執行命令案とともに1942年3月19日に再び官房長官のもとに送付された。..., http://www.tulips.tsukuba.ac.jp/mylimedio/dl/page.do?issueid=102658653&old_issueid=741161&tocid=100050522&page=53-100

日蔵未刊本, 日藏/未刊/515, 中, 洋, 東京 明治三十九年刊 再版