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In response to evidence documenting the scale and impact of sexual violence (SV) and domestic abuse (DA) in universities, Universities UK (2016) recommend implementation of a UK based bystander programme, The Intervention Initiative (TII), as a key prevention strategy. However, a recent UK review (Gaffney et al, 2023) concluded that no studies have addressed implementation issues for university-based bystander programmes. Our study explored what is required for implementation of the TII in a UK university, rather than intervention effectiveness. The intervention was delivered to undergraduate students across three school cohorts: medicine, social work and sports coaching. The study draws on pre- and post-intervention surveys to explore SV and DA knowledge, attitudes, and bystander skills. Focus groups or individual interviews with students (n=11) and staff facilitators (n=10) explored experiences of implementation, delivery and participation. Students reported positive changes across several areas and some evidence of immediate impact on behaviours, suggesting potential for wider implementation across university contexts. Barriers included professionalisation of the application of the bystander intervention, resistance to an underpinning gendered evidence base and a lack of diversity and relatability in programme materials.

Purpose There is a growing acknowledgement that children are direct victims of domestic violence and abuse, and require support and protection in their own right. However, professional interventions designed to protect children may unintentionally further victimise parents, most often mothers. In response, a number of new interagency approaches have been developed. Method Updating a previous review by Macvean et al. (Australian Social Work, 71(2), 148–161, 2018), we report the findings of a scoping review of models of interagency working between child protection and either domestic abuse services or family law services, or all three services, to improve understanding of practices that may facilitate collaboration between child protection and other agencies in the context of domestic violence and abuse. We also consider the effectiveness of such approaches in improving the safety of child and adult victims. Results A systematic search of all sources identified 4103 documents that were screened for inclusion. The outcome of this screening was the identification of thirteen papers or reports dated between 2018 and 2022 that comprised an evaluation of six models of interagency interventions. Nine publications originated in Australia, three in the UK and one in the USA. The most referenced model was Safe & Together, primarily due to the number of publications from the same research team in Australia. None of the included studies reported the outcomes or impact for children and families. Conclusions While there are a growing number of promising approaches identified, there is little evidence of effectiveness, or the views of child and adult family members about the acceptability and utility of such approaches.

In response to evidence documenting the scale and impact of sexual violence (SV) and domestic abuse (DA) in universities, Universities UK (2016) recommend implementation of a UK based bystander programme, The Intervention Initiative (TII), as a key prevention strategy. However, a recent UK review (Gaffney et al, 2023) concluded that no studies have addressed implementation issues for university-based bystander programmes. Our study explored what is required for implementation of the TII in a UK university, rather than intervention effectiveness. The intervention was delivered to undergraduate students across three school cohorts: medicine, social work and sports coaching. The study draws on pre- and post-intervention surveys to explore SV and DA knowledge, attitudes, and bystander skills. Focus groups or individual interviews with students (n=11) and staff facilitators (n=10) explored experiences of implementation, delivery and participation. Students reported positive changes across several areas and some evidence of immediate impact on behaviours, suggesting potential for wider implementation across university contexts. Barriers included professionalisation of the application of the bystander intervention, resistance to an underpinning gendered evidence base and a lack of diversity and relatability in programme materials.

Background People with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) require intensive follow‐up with frequent consultations after diagnosis. IBD telehealth management includes consulting by phone, instant messenger, video, text message, or web‐based services. Telehealth can be beneficial for people with IBD, but may have its own set of challenges. It is important to systematically review the evidence on the types of remote or telehealth approaches that can be deployed in IBD. This is particularly relevant following the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, which led to increased self‐ and remote‐management. Objectives To identify the communication technologies used to achieve remote healthcare for people with inflammatory bowel disease and to assess their effectiveness. Search methods On 13 January 2022, we searched CENTRAL, Embase, MEDLINE, three other databases, and three trials registries with no limitations on language, date, document type, or publication status. Selection criteria All published, unpublished, and ongoing randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated telehealth interventions targeted at people with IBD versus any other type of intervention or no intervention. We did not include studies based on digital patient information resources or education resources, unless they formed part of a wider package including an element of telehealth. We excluded studies where remote monitoring of blood or faecal tests was the only form of monitoring. Data collection and analysis Two review authors independently extracted data from the included studies and assessed their risk of bias. We analysed studies on adult and paediatric populations separately. We expressed the effects of dichotomous outcomes as risk ratios (RRs) and the effects of continuous outcomes as mean differences (MDs) or standardised mean differences (SMDs), each with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We assessed the certainty of the evidence using GRADE methodology. Main results We included 19

In this chapter, the reader will learn to create poignant lived experience 'Trigger Films' in research using Experience Based Co-Design (EBCD). EBCD is an eight-stage methodology developed from participatory action research, learning theory, and narrative-based approaches to change. It is used to improve the experience of both the people accessing a service and the staff through shared decision-making. All parties work as equal partners to understand that experience and to prioritize and co-design service improvements creating lasting change. During the HALT project, ‘Learning from Domestic Homicide Reviews Using EBCD,’ the authors created three Trigger Films with ten victims/survivors of domestic violence and seven family members bereaved by domestic homicide. In addition to other data collected in the project, these films were shown to service providers, the Home Office, government officials, and key stakeholders to co-create and implement service improvements to prevent future homicides. This chapter focuses on stage three of EBCD, the creation of the Trigger Films. By amplifying the victims/survivor experience through film, the staff gets to see services through their eyes. This allows victim/survivor experiences to not only inform but drive the agenda for change. It provides a platform for direct, honest conversation between the staff and victims/survivors to raise areas of concern or missed opportunities and celebrate and replicate areas of success. To do this, this chapter will demonstrate how to create Trigger Films by first identifying individual touch points in individuals’ stories that are then thematised into chapters and edited into three high-impact collective voice Trigger Films.

This paper summarises the findings from the evaluation of the Roadmap for System Change for Domestic Violence and Abuse in England and is aimed at those who are involved in commissioning, designing and delivering domestic abuse (DA) services.

Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a life‐long condition for which currently there is no cure. Patient educational interventions deliver structured information to their recipients. Evidence suggests patient education can have positive effects in other chronic diseases. Objectives To identify the different types of educational interventions, how they are delivered, and to determine their effectiveness and safety in people with IBD. Search methods On 27 November 2022, we searched CENTRAL, Embase, MEDLINE, ClinicalTrials.gov, and WHO ICTRP with no limitations to language, date, document type, or publication status. Any type of formal or informal educational intervention, lasting for any time, that had content focused directly on knowledge about IBD or skills needed for direct management of IBD or its symptoms was included. Delivery methods included face‐to‐face or remote educational sessions, workshops, guided study via the use of printed or online materials, the use of mobile applications, or any other method that delivers information to patients. Selection criteria All published, unpublished and ongoing randomised control trials (RCTs) that compare educational interventions targeted at people with IBD to any other type of intervention or no intervention. Data collection and analysis Two review authors independently conducted data extraction and risk of bias assessment of the included studies. We analysed data using Review Manager Web. We expressed dichotomous and continuous outcomes as risk ratios (RRs) and mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We assessed the certainty of the evidence using GRADE methodology. Main results We included 14 studies with a total of 2708 randomised participants, aged 11 to 75 years. Two studies examined populations who all had ulcerative colitis (UC); the remaining studies examined a mix of IBD patients (UC and Crohn's disease). Studies considered a range of disease activity states. The length of the inte

In this chapter, The Premier League: Breaking the Cycle of Gang Violence, Christine Barter, Paul Hargreaves, Kelly Bracewell and John Pitts report on the findings of the BBC Children in Need and the Premier League Charitable Fund programme Breaking the Cycle of Youth Violence. The programme, was based on eight Premier League football clubs in England (Arsenal, Burnley, Crystal Palace, Everton, Newcastle United, Southampton, Stoke City and Tottenham Hotspur). It aimed to reduce youth violence in the communities in which Premier League football clubs operated. Each of the eight participating clubs had Club Community Organisations funded through the BCYV programme that undertook work with young people in their catchment area. This chapter is based on those elements of the programme which investigated the clubs responses to gang-involved young people in their area.

Purpose Within the context of the big data society, new systems of data collection on domestic violence and abuse (DVA) have emerged. One such system is Domestic Violence Fatality Review (DVFR) which captures the various dimensions of gender, violence, and abuse required to form an evidence base for prevention. However, to date, there has been limited dialogue between practitioners and researchers about the ‘doing’ of DVFRs. Method As DVFR systems vary by jurisdiction, we conducted a case study of Domestic Homicide Reviews (DHRs) in England and Wales. Applying the Research Integrity Framework (RIF) developed by the four Women’s Aid Federations in the United Kingdom (UK), this article examines both the practice of DHR and how it is utilised as data in research. Results Informed by our situated perspectives as researchers and/or practitioners working in the field, our analysis demonstrates how undertaking DHR as a practitioner parallels collecting, accessing, and analysing data from DHRs as a researcher. Guiding principles are identified to help practitioners and researchers navigate the parallel challenges they confront and, critically, inform dialogue between practice and research. Conclusions Implications for both professional practice and research are presented. To increase transparency and confidence, we argue that more attention should be afforded to the methodological and ethical issues inherent in both the practice of DHRs, and their utilisation as a source of data in research. While DHRs have differences to DVFRs in other jurisdictions, these findings also have implications for these other systems which will also be discussed.

This article considers how minoritisation features in Domestic Homicide Reviews (DHRs) in England and Wales and identifies critical learning in relation to addressing minoritisation. Five themes were identified: i) the invisibility of race, culture and ethnicity; ii) perceptions and experiences of services; iii) use of stereotypes and the culturalisation of domestic violence and abuse (DVA); iv) lack of interpreters; and v) DHR recommendations. Our analysis illustrates that statutory sector services should strengthen their responses to Black and minoritised victims by ensuring proper recording of cultural background is used to inform practice; engage professionally trained interpreters with an awareness of DVA; resist framing DVA as endemic to minoritised cultures; and enhance trust and confidence in public services within minoritised communities. The best examples of DHRs challenged service narratives and usually sought expertise from a specialist Black/minoritised DVA service or community organisation (frequently minoritised women's rights organisations).

Domestic Homicide Reviews (DHRs) are a statutory requirement in England and Wales, conducted when somebody aged 16 and over dies from violence, abuse or neglect by a relative, intimate partner or member of the same household. While key aims of DHRs are to identify recommendations and lessons learned to eventually prevent further domestic homicides, there is limited evidence globally regarding the extent to which these are followed up or make a difference. This paper explores the barriers and facilitators to the conduct and impact of DHRs to enhance their learning potential. It is based on nineteen qualitative interviews with professionals involved in the DHR process across five Safeguarding Boards in Wales and fourteen Community Safety Partnerships in the North‐West of England, UK. Findings are presented thematically under four section headings: upskilling and democratising the review process; family and friends’ involvement; negotiating organisational blame to foster learning; and actioning and auditing recommendations. It is suggested that organisational learning cannot be achieved without accepting organisational responsibility, which could be interpreted as blame. The role and skills of the Chair are perceived as key to ensure a safe, evidence‐based, transparent and learning‐focused DHR process. Developing and actioning recommendations may challenge longstanding prejudices. Promoting the role of families/survivor networks and professionals on an equal footing would support a more democratic process. Learning could be enhanced by thematising recommendations and proactively using lessons from one area to inform another. Participants called for appropriate central regulation and accountability to support the action of recommendations.

In the context of high rates of domestic violence and abuse (DVA) during the pandemic, specialist DVA services have been required to adapt rapidly to continue to deliver essential support to women and children in both refuges and the community. This study examines service users’ experiences and views of DVA service provision under COVID-19 and discusses implications for future practice. Data are drawn from a wider evaluation of DVA services in five sites in England. Fifty-seven semistructured interviews and five focus groups were conducted with 70 female survivors and seven children accessing DVA services during the pandemic. Analysis identified key themes in respect of the influence of COVID-19 on the experience of service delivery. COVID-19 restrictions had both positive and negative implications for service users. Remote support reduced face-to-face contact with services, but consistent communication counteracted isolation. Digital practices offered effective means of providing individual and group support, but there were concerns that not all children were able to access online support. Digital support offered convenience and control for survivors but could lack privacy and opportunities for relationship-building. The pivot to remote delivery suggests directions where DVA services can expand the range and nature of future service provision.

Domestic Violence Fatality Reviews/ Domestic Homicide Reviews (DVFRs/DHRs) are multi-agency reviews aimed at reducing domestic homicides. This study systematically reviews research that examines DVFR/DHR recommendations, impact of these recommendations and proposals for improving DVFR/DHR processes. A narrative synthesis was adopted due to the diversity of the 11 studies reviewed. Themes identified from recommendations included: training and awareness; service provision and coordination; and recommendations for children. Regarding DVFR/DHR processes, standardisation, diverse teams and additional resources were highlighted. There was little evidence of whether DVFR/DHR recommendations were implemented. Findings can strengthen DVFR/DHR operationalisation and impacts.

Domestic Homicide Reviews (DHRs) are a statutory review process to better understand domestic homicide in England and Wales. As a policy intervention, DHRs are intended to build a picture of the circumstances before such deaths and identify gaps in practice, policy and system response. The rationale is that this learning can improve response to domestic violence and abuse and reduce the likelihood of future homicides. However, little is known about how the DHR process operates, including how knowledge is produced or its subsequent use, including any outcomes. In effect, for the most part, DHRs are a ‘black box’. Yet, researchers are increasingly using DHR reports as a source of data. By locating ourselves within these processes, this article explores the implications of limited engagement with DHRs as a process of knowledge generation to date. It focuses on the implications for researchers, in particular the epistemological and methodological issues that arise, before considering what this might mean for policy and practice. It identifies recommendations to address key gaps in the understanding and use of DHRs for research purposes.

Teenagers participating in a series of interviews over the course of their stay in domestic violence refuges described difficulties associated with the constraints of refuge life. Twenty young people reported experiences that connect to and challenge UN Convention on the Rights of the Child provisions and provide guidance on how refuges might strengthen their response and meet obligations to respect, protect and promote teenagers’ rights. Recognition of teenage refuge experience is needed, alongside the provision of space, independence and privacy; support to recover from domestic violence and abuse; involvement in leisure activities; educational support; access to computers and online information; and increased opportunities for individual and collective decision making. The findings contribute to growing evidence that policy makers and other duty bearers need to develop adequate resourcing, attitudinal change, practice guidance, dedicated support, active engagement and participation, and collaborative work between agencies. Implementation strategies are also discussed.

This article considers how minoritisation features in Domestic Homicide Reviews (DHRs) in England and Wales and identifies critical learning in relation to addressing minoritisation. Five themes were identified: i) the invisibility of race, culture and ethnicity; ii) perceptions and experiences of services; iii) use of stereotypes and the culturalisation of domestic violence and abuse (DVA); iv) lack of interpreters; and v) DHR recommendations. Our analysis illustrates that statutory sector services should strengthen their responses to Black and minoritised victims by ensuring proper recording of cultural background is used to inform practice; engage professionally trained interpreters with an awareness of DVA; resist framing DVA as endemic to minoritised cultures; and enhance trust and confidence in public services within minoritised communities. The best examples of DHRs challenged service narratives and usually sought expertise from a specialist Black/minoritised DVA service or community organisation (frequently minoritised women's rights organisations).

The Domestic Homicide Project (the Project), based in the Vulnerability Knowledge and Practice Programme (VKPP), was established by National Police Chiefs’ Council and the College of Policing. The Project was created in May 2020 through Home Office funding to collect, review, and share quick-time learning from all police-recorded domestic homicides and suspected suicides of individuals with a known history of domestic abuse victimisation. All police forces in England and Wales submit notice of relevant deaths to the Project shortly after the death occurs. The research is the first police-led work of its kind systematically collecting and analysing domestic homicides and suspected victim suicides following domestic abuse across England and Wales, aiming to learn lessons from every tragic death to seek to prevent future deaths. More detail, including key findings and recommendations, can be found in our first report, ‘Domestic Homicides and Suspected Victim Suicides During the Covid-19 Pandemic 2020-2021’ and our forthcoming second year report (both available via www.vkpp.org.uk ). This briefing examines the role of the carer in more depth. It considers both where the victim was carer to the suspect and where the suspect was carer to the victim. For the purpose of this briefing, a carer has been defined as: anyone who is living with (or specifically mentioned as caring for) a victim/suspect with a disability or severe or longterm illness, whether physical or mental/neurological. This has been established from contextual information provided by the police forces and therefore is dependent on the information provided and the judgement of the Project Team. The subset of data includes domestic homicides and suspected victim suicides following domestic abuse where the victim and suspect are aged 16 and over. This briefing addresses an evidence gap identified by Bracewell et al. (2022) on domestic homicides involving carers.

Increasing evidence documents domestic violence and abuse (DVA) and domestic homicide of adults killed by a relative in non-intimate partner relationships. Most literature focuses on intimate partner violence and homicide, yet non-intimate partner homicides form a substantial but neglected minority of domestic homicides. This article addresses this gap by presenting an analysis from 66 domestic homicide reviews (DHRs) in England and Wales where the victim and perpetrator were related, such as parent and adult child. Intimate partner homicides are excluded. These 66 DHRs were a sub-sample drawn from a larger study examining 317 DHRs in England and Wales. The article contributes towards greater understanding of the prevalence, context and characteristics of adult family homicide (AFH). Analysis revealed five interlinked precursors to AFH: mental health and substance/alcohol misuse, criminal history, childhood trauma, economic factors and care dynamics. Findings indicate that, given their contact with both victims and perpetrators, criminal justice agencies, adult social care and health agencies, particularly mental health services, are ideally placed to identify important risk and contextual factors. Understanding of DVA needs to extend to include adult family violence. Risk assessments need to be cognisant of the complex dynamics of AFH and must consider social-structural and relational-contextual factors.

Increasing evidence documents domestic violence and abuse (DVA) and domestic homicide of adults killed by a relative in non-intimate partner relationships. Most literature focuses on intimate partner violence and homicide, yet non-intimate partner homicides form a substantial but neglected minority of domestic homicides. This article addresses this gap by presenting an analysis from 66 domestic homicide reviews (DHRs) in England and Wales where the victim and perpetrator were related, such as parent and adult child. Intimate partner homicides are excluded. These 66 DHRs were a sub-sample drawn from a larger study examining 317 DHRs in England and Wales.The article contributes towards greater understanding of the prevalence, context and characteristics of adult family homicide (AFH). Analysis revealed five interlinked precursors to AFH: mental health and substance/alcohol misuse, criminal history, childhood trauma, economic factors and care dynamics. Findings indicate that, given their contact with both victims and perpetrators, criminal justice agencies, adult social care and health agencies, particularly mental health services, are ideally placed to identify important risk and contextual factors. Understanding of DVA needs to extend to include adult family violence. Risk assessments need to be cognisant of the complex dynamics of AFH and must consider social-structural and relational-contextual factors. Key messages Understanding of domestic violence and abuse needs to include adult family violence. Risks and dynamics of adult family homicide are complex and must consider social-structural and relational-contextual factors. Criminal justice agencies, social care, substance misuse and mental health services provide opportunities for prevention.

Objectives This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To identify the communication technologies used for remote healthcare sessions, how they are used, their accessibility, and their potential benefits and drawbacks for people with inflammatory bowel disease.

Refuges or shelters have been central to UK domestic violence service provision since the 1970s. In 2013, UK policy transformed teenagers into primary service users of domestic violence refuges. Digital technology is central to teenagers’ lives but moving to a refuge can cause serious disruption in this respect. The study was undertaken in 20 refuges in England. Repeat qualitative interviews with 20 young people aged 13–18 and single interviews with refuge staff explored teenagers’ experiences of refuge life. Access to digital technology emerged as a central theme for this group of young people. Teenagers described difficulties in accessing digital technology and the internet in refuges and this impacted on their education, support networks and leisure. Restrictions concerning online access in refuges were attributed to safety concerns and resource shortfalls. This study found that restrictions on internet access lacked consistency across refuges and were underpinned by protectionist attitudes towards teenagers. Refuges need to seek a balance between risk and protectionism and identify opportunities to use digital technologies to increase the safety and support available to teenagers.

Women’s Aid Federation England (WAFE) and SafeLives (SL) collaborated over five years (2016-21) to develop and implement the Roadmap Programme which aimed to transform the lives of women and girls through systemic change to policy, practice and commissioning by promoting early intervention and reducing the prevalence, impact and tolerance of domestic violence and abuse (DVA). Funded by the Big Lottery’s Women and Girls Initiative, WAFE and SL collaborated with DVA survivors and expert partners in specialist frontline services to develop and implement two contrasting interventions in five different sites in England. Both organisations were committed to making DVA services more accessible and responsive to survivors’ needs and both aimed to achieve wider system change in the sites where the programmes were delivered. However, the two organisations chose different but complementary routes by which to reach these broad goals:WAFE’s Change That Lasts (CtL) Programme1 aimed at developing a ‘whole community response’ that would increase responsiveness to DVA services at three levels: i) the community ii) frontline professionals in organisations that were not specialist DVA organisations and iii) services delivered by DVA specialist organisations. The programme comprised three interventions targeted on these three different audiences and delivered in three sites – Sunderland, Nottingham and Nottinghamshire (Nottingham/shire) and Surrey. Ask Me aimed to address cultural and attitudinal barriers to change through training and supporting Community Ambassadors who volunteered toincrease awareness and responsiveness to DVA in their local communities. Trusted Professionalcombined training with organisational development to improve expertise and responsiveness among frontline professionals. The VOICES intervention was designed to re-connect specialist DVA services to a strengths-based, needs-led, trauma-informed approach centred on the survivor for practitioners in specialist DVA

The hidden nature of domestic violence and abuse (DVA) is well established. Globally, its prevalence is difficult to ascertain, but international legal frameworks and existing studies recognise that DVA is experienced directly by children and young people in the home or within their own intimate partner relationships. In 2013, UK policy transformed teenagers into primary service users of DVA refuges. This study examines teenagers' educational experiences over the period of their refuge stay and whether refuges responded effectively to their educational needs. Twenty refuges in England assisted with the study. Individual interviews with 25 staff members explored their perceptions of teenagers' experiences. Repeat interviews with 20 teenagers were undertaken over the period of their refuge stay. The voices of teenagers are prioritised in this paper; four teenagers contributed to study design and three assisted with data analysis. A thematic approach was taken to analyse the data. Teenagers described various educational difficulties associated with adolescence and refuge life. Major themes included the disruption of education and a lack of resources to support educational achievement. Education can contribute to the resilience of teenagers who have experienced DVA. Refuges and schools should work collaboratively to build a co‐ordinated response.

Stalking involves repeated unwanted communication, harassment, and intrusive behaviour. This brief report draws on a service evaluation undertaken immediately prior to and during the 2020 COVID-19 crisis. The pandemic creates a paradox when considering safety in the home, but it is important to recognise the dangers this presents to many victims of stalking. The information presented in this report is based on existing literature and early evidence from semi-structured interviews and discussions with 15 victims and six practitioners. Whilst lockdown measures might appear to be a time when victims are less accessible to their stalkers, early evidence from this study suggests that their vulnerability is increased. Technology has helped to facilitate stalking behaviours by providing stalkers with new approaches to control, humiliate, threaten and isolate their victims. Some lockdown restrictions have provided increased opportunities for stalkers to monitor their victims and the professional uncertainty and recognition around stalking has continued, coupled with delays in the criminal justice system. The COVID-19 crisis has reversed gains made by stalking victims and has imprisoned some victims in their homes making their whereabouts easier to monitor. Stalking behaviour has not ceased as a result of the COVID-19 restrictions and the risk of harm to victims remains significant. Effective practice, policy and legal responses are required for both the victims and perpetrators of stalking during the pandemic and afterwards.

Regardless of how feminism is defined or identified, there is some consensus that its main project is to transform society by promoting social change (e.g., Ackerly & True, 2010). Talking about this goal as “the feminist project” incorrectly implies a coherent, organized set of activities agreed by consensus with all those who identify as a feminist. Of course, this is not the case. Priorities and methods differ, including the extent to which there is agreement about the utility of working within systems to affect change versus working outside them to dismantle them. For example, in her work, Walby (2005) has pointed to gender mainstreaming as providing new opportunities for women “to bring their gender expertise in[to] civil society from universities to grassroots organizations” (p. 467). Thus, working within universities can be viewed as a radical feminist endeavor. McRobbie (2009), on the other hand, is more critical of this approach and questions the extent to which women in powerful positions within state institutions can be trusted to enact feminist agendas for change. Hence, considering the work of feminists within academia and their attempts to promote a gender-based violence (gBv) agenda provides an opportunity to consider whether and how institutions can be transformed from within. in the united Kingdom over the past 10 years there has been a focus on higher education institutions and universities and their responsibilities toward ensuring that they both create a safe environment for women students and staff as well as provide sensitive and appropriate responses to individual women seeking help and support for experiences of domestic and/or sexual violence (see, e.g., Anitha & lewis [2018] for an overview). during this time, the #MeToo movement has sparked an international raising of awareness and feminist activism about sexual harassment and violence, initially in the entertainment industry but subsequently more broadly in other industries such as univers

The Paladin service is funded by the Big Lottery Fund and a range of other funders to provide trauma-informed support, advice and advocacy to high risk victims of stalking. From 2018 Paladin introduced a dedicated young people’s Independent Stalking Advocacy Caseworker (ISAC) for 16 to 25-year olds at high risk of stalking. The support is delivered by a team of specialist caseworkers. ISAC support predominantly entails safety planning and evidence gathering to ensure service users receive an improved response from the Police. This report provides a dedicated evaluation using over 12 months of data collected on victims’ needs and system response. The report outlines findings using outcome data for 427 service users, 75 service user feedback forms, interviews with 15 service users and five ISAC’s, and five case studies. The majority of victims referred to Paladin in 2019 were White British females. Victims commonly knew their stalker and in most cases this had been an intimate partner. Accessing specialist support is key to the emotional wellbeing and physical safety of victims of stalking, but for many the path to support was difficult and isolating. The report highlights some of the dangerous and inappropriate circumstances that victims face before accessing ISAC support, the inability of services to meet the needs of stalking victims and limited provision.

Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), comprised of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is characterized by chronic mucosal inflammation, frequent hospitalizations, adverse health economics, and compromised quality of life. Diet has been hypothesised to influence IBD activity. Objectives To evaluate the efficacy and safety of dietary interventions on IBD outcomes. Search methods We searched the Cochrane IBD Group Specialized Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Clinicaltrials.gov and the WHO ICTRP from inception to 31 January 2019. We also scanned reference lists of included studies, relevant reviews and guidelines. Selection criteria We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the effects of dietary manipulations to other diets in participants with IBD. Studies that exclusively focused on enteral nutrition, oral nutrient supplementation, medical foods, probiotics, and parenteral nutrition were excluded. Data collection and analysis Two review authors independently performed study selection, extracted data and assessed bias using the risk of bias tool. We conducted meta‐analyses where possible using a random‐effects model and calculated the risk ratio (RR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) for dichotomous outcomes. We assessed the certainty of evidence using GRADE. Main results The review included 18 RCTs with 1878 participants. The studies assessed different dietary interventions for active CD (six studies), inactive CD (seven studies), active UC (one study) and inactive UC (four studies). Dietary interventions involved either the consumption of low amounts or complete exclusion of one or more food groups known to trigger IBD symptoms. There was limited scope for data pooling as the interventions and control diets were diverse. The studies were mostly inadequately powered. Fourteen studies were rated as high risk of bias. The other studies were rated as unclear risk of bias. The effect of high fiber

The Universities UK Taskforce published its report on tackling violence against women, hate crime and harassment in UK universities in 2016 (UUK, 2016). The UUK report identified seven key components for change (UUK, 2016: p59): 1. A commitment from senior leadership; 2. Ensuring an institution-wide approach; 3. Prevention of incidents; 4. Enabling an effective response; 5. Managing situations where students have committed an offence; 6. Sharing of good practice; 7. Assessment of support needed with regards to online harassment. Many universities in England and Wales received HEFCE funding to tackle the violence against women (VAWG) work stream forward. Our study investigates the future sustainability of such initiatives.

The transition project sought to support survivors of domestic violence and abuse (DVA) and their children in the transfer from one service provider to another in Lancashire. The Safer Together consortium was set up in 2014 consisting of 11 local DVA specialist organisations that had previously operated independently. These providers were encouraged by the local authority to form a consortium following a move to commissioned services leading to the formation of Safer Together1. Following the first 2014 tender process, Lancashire County Council awarded a three-year contract to two main providers: Let Go in North Lancashire and Safer Together in East and Central Lancashire. The outcome was not without controversy2. Services were then put out to tender again in 2016. Safer Together provided DVA services for adult victims and an early support service for children and young people3 until 2017 when the new tender was awarded elsewhere (see appendix 1). Subsequently, at least three domestic DVA charities have closed, including one that had delivered services for almost 20 years (Cooney, 2017)4. Consequently, there is generally an absence of funding and capacity to support service users to transition from one provider to another. The Safer Together consortium was understandably disappointed at this outcome – many partners in the consortium had a long history of providing DVA services in Lancashire and not all of their staff were able to benefit from Transfer of Understanding (TUPE) opportunities. However, led by HARV5, members of the Safer Together consortium were pleased to be granted funding by Comic Relief in 2017 for six months to support and assist adult survivors and their children in the transition to the newly commissioned Service. Researchers from the Connect Centre based at the University of Central Lancashire (UCLan) were commissioned to undertake the evaluation of this transition.

Aims and Key Research Areas The overall aim of the scoping review was to examine ways in which funding approaches and service provision for Violence Against Women and Girls (VAWG) in England and Wales could be improved. Objectives: • To explore existing VAWG services, initiatives and funded projects in England and Wales • To enhance understanding of the barriers and challenges to VAWG advancement, including key gaps in provision and funding. • To identify ways to improve funding and commissioning approaches and delivery models for VAWG services at risk. • To explore opportunities for Funders to work together to fund a comprehensive VAWG delivery model • To document areas of best VAWG practice as identified by participants Methodology: Over 70 professionals with experience of commissioning for VAWG services were contacted via email for possible recruitment to the study. A total of 34 interviews with 35 individuals were undertaken in 2017.

Pause is a voluntary programme for women who have experienced, or are at risk of, repeat removals of children from their care. It aims to reduce the number of children being removed into care by working with women who have had children removed to improve their wellbeing, resilience, and stability. Pause offers women an 18-month, individually-tailored, intensive package of support, delivered by a dedicated Practitioner, which is intended to address a broad range of emotional, psychological, practical, and behavioural needs. As a condition of beginning this voluntary programme, women agree to use an effective form of reversible contraceptive for the 18-month duration of the programme. This is intended to allow women the opportunity to reflect and focus on their own needs. In addition to providing support, Pause works in collaboration with partner agencies (such as health and domestic violence services), at operational and strategic levels, to improve the broader service response to Pause women. Pause began in Hackney in 2013, and received funding from the Department for Education Innovation Programme in 2015 to expand the pilot within Hackney, and to Doncaster, Greenwich, Hull, Islington, Newham, and Southwark. While most pilot Practices worked only with women who had had at least 2 children removed from their care, one Practice worked only with women who had had one child removed, and another – the first Pause Practice – worked with multiple (‘one child removed’ and ‘2 or more children removed’) cohorts.

Intended outcomes of the project Growing Futures was established in Doncaster to improve the outcomes of families, and particularly children and young people (CYP), who have experienced Domestic Violence and Abuse (DVA), by improving the services that work with them. More specifically, the intention of the Growing Futures project, as stated in its programme proposal, was to achieve the following outcomes: • to reduce the emotional harm caused by DVA to CYP • to directly support recovery from DVA for victims and their children • to significantly reduce repeat victimisation • to challenge the acceptance of DVA among families and the wider community • to break the pattern of abuse as it re-presents itself in CYP As measurable targets, Growing Futures sought: • to reduce repeat cases to the Multi-Agency Risk Assessment Conference (MARAC) by 25% • to reduce repeat referrals to social care where DVA is a factor by 30% • to reduce the number of children admitted to care by reducing the number of Children in Need where DVA is a factor by 10%

Teenagers can experience domestic violence both in the family home and/or in their own relationships. Some will need to move to temporary refuge accommodation. The Government’s definition of domestic violence now includes young people aged 16 and 17. This means that refuges need to ensure that their services are appropriate and accessible for this group. This research was carried out as part of a PhD study at the University of Central Lancashire. It took place over 12 months (2014-15) in refuges across the North West, East Midlands and West Midlands in England. It involved telephone interviews with 25 members of staff and face to face interviews with 20 teenagers aged 13 to 18 years. Interviews with teenagers were repeated so they could talk about their experiences at different points during their refuge stay. This research found that teenagers need to be recognised as refuge service users in their own right. The teenage years provide an opportunity to build resilience and recovery following domestic violence and to prevent it in the future. Refuges can struggle to acknowledge and meet the rights of teenagers, and for some young people, this results in a prolonged negative experience that intensifies their experiences of abuse. The research recommendations are relevant for refuge services, policy makers, funders and other professionals. Refuges need to identify teenagers’ needs and appropriate resources are required.

The research explores female immigrants’ experiences of violence and exploitation in the UK. In doing so the focus is on three ‘groups’ of recently arrived immigrant women: spouses experiencing domestic violence, trafficked women, and asylum seekers. This focus allows an evaluation of current UK immigration legislation and it’s impact, if any, on ‘victims’ of violence. In order to accomplish this a feminist and human rights consciousness is utilised. The research considers men’s use of violence and exploitation as a potential form of control to maintain power and keep women subordinate. This is undertaken within the context of state, law and media responses, and the extent to which they reflect men’s interests by ignoring abuse or blaming the victim, both of which serve to undermine the human rights of women in general and immigrant women in particular. The research demonstrates recently arrived immigrant women face multiple obstacles to accessing support and protection from the violence of others. These include language barriers, fear of repercussions, fear of authorities or lack of remedies available. The research considers the responses to situations these immigrant women experience.

Purpose: There is a growing acknowledgement that children are direct victims of domestic violence and abuse, and require support and protection in their own right. However, professional interventions designed to protect children may unintentionally further victimise parents, most often mothers. In response, a number of new interagency approaches have been developed. Method: Updating a previous review by Macvean et al. ( Australian Social Work, 71 (2), 148–161, 2018), we report the findings of a scoping review of models of interagency working between child protection and either domestic abuse services or family law services, or all three services, to improve understanding of practices that may facilitate collaboration between child protection and other agencies in the context of domestic violence and abuse. We also consider the effectiveness of such approaches in improving the safety of child and adult victims. Results: A systematic search of all sources identified 4103 documents that were screened for inclusion. The outcome of this screening was the identification of thirteen papers or reports dated between 2018 and 2022 that comprised an evaluation of six models of interagency interventions. Nine publications originated in Australia, three in the UK and one in the USA. The most referenced model was Safe & Together, primarily due to the number of publications from the same research team in Australia. None of the included studies reported the outcomes or impact for children and families. Conclusions: While there are a growing number of promising approaches identified, there is little evidence of effectiveness, or the views of child and adult family members about the acceptability and utility of such approaches.