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1. Classic or hybrid? The performance of next generation ecological models to study the response of Southern Ocean species to changing environmental conditions

Author

Guillaumot, Charlene, Belmaker, Jonathan, Buba, Yehezkel, Fourcy, Damien, Dubois, Philippe, Danis, Bruno, Le Moan, Eline, Saucede, Thomas, Guillaumot, Charlene, Belmaker, Jonathan, Buba, Yehezkel, Fourcy, Damien, Dubois, Philippe, Danis, Bruno, Le Moan, Eline, and Saucede, Thomas

Abstract

Aim In the context of intensifying threats of climate change on marine communities, ecological models are widely applied for conservation strategies, though polar studies remain scarce given the limited number of datasets available. Correlative (e.g. species distribution models, SDM) and mechanistic (e.g. dynamic energy budget models, DEB) modelling approaches are usually used independently in studies. Using both approaches in integrative, hybrid models could help to better estimate the species potential ecological niche, as mechanistic and correlative models complement each other very well, giving more insights into species potential response to fast-changing environmental conditions. Location The study focusses on the Baie du Morbihan, a silled basin located in the east of the Kerguelen Islands (sub-Antarctic). Methods A hybrid, correlative-mechanistic model was implemented to predict the response of the endemic sea urchin Abatus cordatus (Verrill, 1876). We compared the performances of classic and integrated approaches to predict A. cordatus distribution according to two dates representing seasonal contrasts. Two integrated approaches were studied and performed by either (1) including the spatial projection of the DEB model as an input layer inside the SDM ('integrated SDM-DEB') or (2) using a Bayesian procedure to use DEB model outputs as priors of the SDM ('integrated Bayesian' approach). Results Results show higher performances of 'integrated Bayesian' approaches to evaluate A. cordatus potential ecological niche compared with 'classic' and 'integrated SDM-DEB' methods. The influence of environmental conditions on model predictions is further captured with these Bayesian procedures and better highlights the environmental influence on the species-predicted distribution. Model performance is good for the different simulations, and uncertainty in predictions is well-highlighted. Main conclusions The good performances of 'integrated Bayesian' approaches to estimat

Published
2022
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2. Classic or hybrid? The performance of next generation ecological models to study the response of Southern Ocean species to changing environmental conditions

Author

Guillaumot, Charlene, Belmaker, Jonathan, Buba, Yehezkel, Fourcy, Damien, Dubois, Philippe, Danis, Bruno, Le Moan, Eline, Saucede, Thomas, Guillaumot, Charlene, Belmaker, Jonathan, Buba, Yehezkel, Fourcy, Damien, Dubois, Philippe, Danis, Bruno, Le Moan, Eline, and Saucede, Thomas

Abstract

Aim In the context of intensifying threats of climate change on marine communities, ecological models are widely applied for conservation strategies, though polar studies remain scarce given the limited number of datasets available. Correlative (e.g. species distribution models, SDM) and mechanistic (e.g. dynamic energy budget models, DEB) modelling approaches are usually used independently in studies. Using both approaches in integrative, hybrid models could help to better estimate the species potential ecological niche, as mechanistic and correlative models complement each other very well, giving more insights into species potential response to fast-changing environmental conditions. Location The study focusses on the Baie du Morbihan, a silled basin located in the east of the Kerguelen Islands (sub-Antarctic). Methods A hybrid, correlative-mechanistic model was implemented to predict the response of the endemic sea urchin Abatus cordatus (Verrill, 1876). We compared the performances of classic and integrated approaches to predict A. cordatus distribution according to two dates representing seasonal contrasts. Two integrated approaches were studied and performed by either (1) including the spatial projection of the DEB model as an input layer inside the SDM ('integrated SDM-DEB') or (2) using a Bayesian procedure to use DEB model outputs as priors of the SDM ('integrated Bayesian' approach). Results Results show higher performances of 'integrated Bayesian' approaches to evaluate A. cordatus potential ecological niche compared with 'classic' and 'integrated SDM-DEB' methods. The influence of environmental conditions on model predictions is further captured with these Bayesian procedures and better highlights the environmental influence on the species-predicted distribution. Model performance is good for the different simulations, and uncertainty in predictions is well-highlighted. Main conclusions The good performances of 'integrated Bayesian' approaches to estimat

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. Classic or hybrid? The performance of next generation ecological models to study the response of Southern Ocean species to changing environmental conditions

Author

Guillaumot, Charlène, Belmaker, Jonathan, Buba, Yehezkel, Fourcy, Damien, Dubois, Philippe, Danis, Bruno, Le Moan, Eline, Saucède, Thomas, Guillaumot, Charlène, Belmaker, Jonathan, Buba, Yehezkel, Fourcy, Damien, Dubois, Philippe, Danis, Bruno, Le Moan, Eline, and Saucède, Thomas

Abstract

Aim: In the context of intensifying threats of climate change on marine communities, ecological models are widely applied for conservation strategies, though polar studies remain scarce given the limited number of datasets available. Correlative (e.g. species distribution models, SDM) and mechanistic (e.g. dynamic energy budget models, DEB) modelling approaches are usually used independently in studies. Using both approaches in integrative, hybrid models could help to better estimate the species potential ecological niche, as mechanistic and correlative models complement each other very well, giving more insights into species potential response to fast-changing environmental conditions. Location: The study focusses on the Baie du Morbihan, a silled basin located in the east of the Kerguelen Islands (sub-Antarctic). Methods: A hybrid, correlative-mechanistic model was implemented to predict the response of the endemic sea urchin Abatus cordatus (Verrill, 1876). We compared the performances of classic and integrated approaches to predict A. cordatus distribution according to two dates representing seasonal contrasts. Two integrated approaches were studied and performed by either (1) including the spatial projection of the DEB model as an input layer inside the SDM (‘integrated SDM-DEB’) or (2) using a Bayesian procedure to use DEB model outputs as priors of the SDM (‘integrated Bayesian’ approach). Results: Results show higher performances of ‘integrated Bayesian’ approaches to evaluate A. cordatus potential ecological niche compared with ‘classic’ and ‘integrated SDM-DEB’ methods. The influence of environmental conditions on model predictions is further captured with these Bayesian procedures and better highlights the environmental influence on the species-predicted distribution. Model performance is good for the different simulations, and uncertainty in predictions is well-highlighted. Main conclusions: The good performances of ‘integrated Bayesian’ approaches to es, SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2022

4. Global COVID-19 lockdown highlights humans as both threats and custodians of the environment

Author

Bates, Amanda E., Primack, Richard B., Biggar, Brandy S., Bird, Thomas J., Clinton, Mary E., Command, Rylan J., Richards, Cerren, Shellard, Marc, Geraldi, Nathan R., Vergara, Valeria, Acevedo-Charry, Orlando, Colón-Piñeiro, Zuania, Ocampo, David, Ocampo-Peñuela, Natalia, Sánchez-Clavijo, Lina M., Adamescu, Cristian M., Cheval, Sorin, Racoviceanu, Tudor, Adams, Matthew D., Kalisa, Egide, Kuuire, Vincent Z., Aditya, Vikram, Anderwald, Pia, Wiesmann, Samuel, Wipf, Sonja, Badihi, Gal, Henderson, Matthew G., Loetscher, Hanspeter, Baerenfaller, Katja, Benedetti-Cecchi, Lisandro, Bulleri, Fabio, Bertocci, Lacopo, Maggi, Elena, Rindi, Luca, Ravaglioli, Chiara, Boerder, Kristina, Bonnel, Julien, Mathias, Delphine, Archambault, Philippe, Chauvaud, Laurent, Braun, Camrin D., Thorrold, Simon R., Brownscombe, Jacob W., Midwood, Jonathan D., Boston, Christine M., Brooks, Jill L., Cooke, Steven J., China, Victor, Roll, Uri, Belmaker, Jonathan, Zvuloni, Assaf, Coll, Marta, Ortega, Miquel, Connors, Brendan, Lacko, Lisa, Jayathilake, Dinusha R.M., Costello, Mark J., Crimmins, Theresa M., Barnett, LoriAnne, Denny, Ellen G., Gerst, Katharine L., Marsh, R.L., Posthumus, Erin E., Rodriguez, Reilly, Rosemartin, Alyssa, Schaffer, Sara N., Switzer, Jeff R., Wong, Kevin, Cunningham, Susan J., Sumasgutner, Petra, Amar, Arjun, Thomson, Robert L., Stofberg, Miqkayla, Hofmeyr, Sally, Suri, Jessleena, Stuart-Smith, Rick D., Day, Paul B., Edgar, Graham J., Cooper, Antonia T., Cabrera De Leo, Fabio, Garner, Grant, Des Brisay, Paulson G., Schrimpf, Michael B., Koper, Nicola, Diamond, Michael S., Dwyer, Ross G., Baker, Cameron J, Franklin, Craig E., Efrat, Ron, Berger-Tal, Oded, Hatzofe, Ohad, Eguíluz, Víctor M., Rodríguez, Jorge P., Fernández-Gracia, Juan, Elustondo, David, Calatayud, Vicent, English, Philina A., Archer, Stephanie K., Dudas, Sarah E., Haggarty, Dana R., Gallagher, Austin J., Shea, Brandan D., Shipley, Oliver N., Gilby, Ben L., Ballantyne, Jasmine, Olds, Andrew D., Henderson, Christopher J., Schlacher, Thomas A., Halliday, William D., Brown, Nicholas A.W., Woods, Mackenzie B., Balshine, Sigal, Juanes, Francis, Rider, Mitchell J., Albano, Patricia S., Hammerschlag, Neil, Hays, Graeme C., Esteban, Nicole, Pan, Yuhang, He, Guojun, Tanaka, Takanao, Hensel, Marc J.S., Orth, Robert J., Patrick, Christopher J., Hentati-Sundberg, Jonas, Olsson, Olof, Hessing-Lewis, Margot L., Higgs, Nicholas D., McMahon, Clive R., Harcourt, Rob, Guinet, Christophe, Hirsch, Sarah E., Perrault, Justin R., Hoover, Shelby R., Reilly, Jennifer D., Hobaiter, Catherine, Gruber, Thibaud, Huveneers, Charlie, Udyawer, Vinay, Clarke, Thomas M., Kroesen, Laura P., Hik, David S., Cherry, Seth G., Del Bel Belluz, Justin A., Jackson, Jennifer M., Lai, Shengjie, Lamb, Clayton T., LeClair, Gregory D., Parmelee, Jeffrey R., Chatfield, Matthew W.H., Frederick, Cheryl A., Lee, Sangdon, Park, Hyomin, Choi, Jaein, LeTourneux, Frédéric, Grandmont, Thierry, Dulude de-Broin, Frédéric, Bêty, Joël, Gauthier, Gilles, Legagneux, Pierre, Lewis, Jesse S., Haight, Jeffrey, Liu, Zhu, Lyon, Jarod P., Hale, Robin, D'Silva, Dallas, MacGregor-Fors, Ian, Arbelaez-Cortes, Enrique, Estela, Felipe A., Sánchez-Sarria, Camilo E., García-Arroyo, Michelle, Aguirre-Samboní, Giann K., Franco Morales, Juan C., Malamud, Shahar, Gavriel, Tal, Buba, Yehezkel, Salingré, Shira, Lazarus, Mai, Yahel, Ruthy, Ben Ari, Yigael, Miller, Eyal, Sade, Rotem, Lavian, Guy, Birman, Ziv, Gury, Manor, Baz, Harel, Baskin, Ilia, Penn, Alon, Dolev, Amit, Licht, Ogen, Karkom, Tabi, Davidzon, Sharon, Berkovitch, Avi, Yaakov, Ofer, Manenti, Raoul, Mori, Emiliano, Ficetola, Gentile Francesco, Lunghi, Enrico, March, David, Godley, Brendan J., Martin, Cecilia, Mihaly, Steven F., Barclay, David R., Thomson, Dugald J.M., Dewey, Richard, Bedard, Jeannette, Miller, Aroha, Dearden, Amber, Chapman, Jennifer, Dares, Lauren, Borden, Laura, Gibbs, Donna, Schultz, Jessica, Sergeenko, Nikita, Francis, Fiona, Weltman, Amanda, Moity, Nicolas, Ramírez-González, Jorge, Mucientes, Gonzalo, Alonso-Fernández, Alexandre, Namir, Itai, Bar-Massada, Avi, Chen, Ron, Yedvab, Shmulik, Okey, Thomas A., Oppel, Steffen, Arkumarev, Volen, Bakari, Samuel, Dobrev, Vladimir, Saravia-Mullin, Victoria, Bounas, Anastasios, Kret, Elzbieta, Mengistu, Solomon, Pourchier, Cloé, Ruffo, Alazar, Tesfaye, Million, Wondafrash, Mengistu, Nikolov, Stoyan C., Palmer, Charles, Sileci, Lorenzo, Rex, Patrick T., Lowe, Christopher G., Peters, Francesc, Pine, Matthew K., Radford, Craig A, Wilson, Louise, McWhinnie, Lauren, Scuderi, Alessia, Jeffs, Andrew G., Prudic, Kathleen L., Larrivée, Maxim, McFarland, Kent P., Solis, Rodrigo, Hutchinson, Rebecca A., Queiroz, Nuno, Furtado, Miguel A., Sims, David W., Southall, Emily, Quesada-Rodriguez, Claudio A., Diaz-Orozco, Jessica P., Rodgers, Ku'ulei S., Severino, Sarah J.L., Graham, Andrew, Stefanak, Matthew P., Madin, Elizabeth M.P., Ryan, Peter G., Maclean, Kyle, Weideman, Eleanor A., Sekercioğlu, Cağan H., Kittelberger, Kyle D., Kusak, Josip, Seminoff, Jeffrey A., Hanna, Megan E., Shimada, Takahiro, Meekan, Mark G., Smith, Martin, Mokhatla, Mohlamatsane M., Soh, Malcolm C.K., Pang, Roanna Y.T., Ng, Breyl X.K., Lee, Benjamin P.Y.-H., Loo, Adrian H.B., Er, Kenneth B.H., Souza, Gabriel B.G., Stallings, Christopher D., Curtis, Joseph S., Faletti, Meaghan E., Peake, Jonathan A., Schram, Michael J., Wall, Kara R., Terry, Carina, Rothendler, Matt, Zipf, Lucy, Ulloa, Juan Sebastián, Hernández-Palma, Angélica, Gómez-Valencia, Bibiana, Cruz-Rodríguez, Cristian, Herrera-Varón, Yenifer, Roa, Margarita, Rodríguez-Buriticá, Susana, Ochoa-Quintero, Jose Manuel, Vardi, Reut, Vázquez, Víctor, Requena-Mesa, Christian, Warrington, Miyako H., Taylor, Michelle E., Woodall, Lucy C., Stefanoudis, Paris V., Zhang, Xiangliang, Yang, Qiang, Zukerman, Yuval, Sigal, Zehava, Ayali, Amir, Clua, Eric, Carzon, Pamela, Seguine, Clementine, Corradini, Andrea, Pedrotti, Luca, Foley, Catherine M., Gagnon, Catherine Alexandra, Panipakoochoo, Elijah, Milanes, Celene B., Botero, Camilo M., Velázquez, Yunior R., Milchakova, Nataliya A., Morley, Simon A., Martin, Stephanie M., Nanni, Veronica, Otero, Tania, Wakeling, Julia, Abarro, Sarah, Piou, Cyril, et al., Bates, Amanda E., Primack, Richard B., Biggar, Brandy S., Bird, Thomas J., Clinton, Mary E., Command, Rylan J., Richards, Cerren, Shellard, Marc, Geraldi, Nathan R., Vergara, Valeria, Acevedo-Charry, Orlando, Colón-Piñeiro, Zuania, Ocampo, David, Ocampo-Peñuela, Natalia, Sánchez-Clavijo, Lina M., Adamescu, Cristian M., Cheval, Sorin, Racoviceanu, Tudor, Adams, Matthew D., Kalisa, Egide, Kuuire, Vincent Z., Aditya, Vikram, Anderwald, Pia, Wiesmann, Samuel, Wipf, Sonja, Badihi, Gal, Henderson, Matthew G., Loetscher, Hanspeter, Baerenfaller, Katja, Benedetti-Cecchi, Lisandro, Bulleri, Fabio, Bertocci, Lacopo, Maggi, Elena, Rindi, Luca, Ravaglioli, Chiara, Boerder, Kristina, Bonnel, Julien, Mathias, Delphine, Archambault, Philippe, Chauvaud, Laurent, Braun, Camrin D., Thorrold, Simon R., Brownscombe, Jacob W., Midwood, Jonathan D., Boston, Christine M., Brooks, Jill L., Cooke, Steven J., China, Victor, Roll, Uri, Belmaker, Jonathan, Zvuloni, Assaf, Coll, Marta, Ortega, Miquel, Connors, Brendan, Lacko, Lisa, Jayathilake, Dinusha R.M., Costello, Mark J., Crimmins, Theresa M., Barnett, LoriAnne, Denny, Ellen G., Gerst, Katharine L., Marsh, R.L., Posthumus, Erin E., Rodriguez, Reilly, Rosemartin, Alyssa, Schaffer, Sara N., Switzer, Jeff R., Wong, Kevin, Cunningham, Susan J., Sumasgutner, Petra, Amar, Arjun, Thomson, Robert L., Stofberg, Miqkayla, Hofmeyr, Sally, Suri, Jessleena, Stuart-Smith, Rick D., Day, Paul B., Edgar, Graham J., Cooper, Antonia T., Cabrera De Leo, Fabio, Garner, Grant, Des Brisay, Paulson G., Schrimpf, Michael B., Koper, Nicola, Diamond, Michael S., Dwyer, Ross G., Baker, Cameron J, Franklin, Craig E., Efrat, Ron, Berger-Tal, Oded, Hatzofe, Ohad, Eguíluz, Víctor M., Rodríguez, Jorge P., Fernández-Gracia, Juan, Elustondo, David, Calatayud, Vicent, English, Philina A., Archer, Stephanie K., Dudas, Sarah E., Haggarty, Dana R., Gallagher, Austin J., Shea, Brandan D., Shipley, Oliver N., Gilby, Ben L., Ballantyne, Jasmine, Olds, Andrew D., Henderson, Christopher J., Schlacher, Thomas A., Halliday, William D., Brown, Nicholas A.W., Woods, Mackenzie B., Balshine, Sigal, Juanes, Francis, Rider, Mitchell J., Albano, Patricia S., Hammerschlag, Neil, Hays, Graeme C., Esteban, Nicole, Pan, Yuhang, He, Guojun, Tanaka, Takanao, Hensel, Marc J.S., Orth, Robert J., Patrick, Christopher J., Hentati-Sundberg, Jonas, Olsson, Olof, Hessing-Lewis, Margot L., Higgs, Nicholas D., McMahon, Clive R., Harcourt, Rob, Guinet, Christophe, Hirsch, Sarah E., Perrault, Justin R., Hoover, Shelby R., Reilly, Jennifer D., Hobaiter, Catherine, Gruber, Thibaud, Huveneers, Charlie, Udyawer, Vinay, Clarke, Thomas M., Kroesen, Laura P., Hik, David S., Cherry, Seth G., Del Bel Belluz, Justin A., Jackson, Jennifer M., Lai, Shengjie, Lamb, Clayton T., LeClair, Gregory D., Parmelee, Jeffrey R., Chatfield, Matthew W.H., Frederick, Cheryl A., Lee, Sangdon, Park, Hyomin, Choi, Jaein, LeTourneux, Frédéric, Grandmont, Thierry, Dulude de-Broin, Frédéric, Bêty, Joël, Gauthier, Gilles, Legagneux, Pierre, Lewis, Jesse S., Haight, Jeffrey, Liu, Zhu, Lyon, Jarod P., Hale, Robin, D'Silva, Dallas, MacGregor-Fors, Ian, Arbelaez-Cortes, Enrique, Estela, Felipe A., Sánchez-Sarria, Camilo E., García-Arroyo, Michelle, Aguirre-Samboní, Giann K., Franco Morales, Juan C., Malamud, Shahar, Gavriel, Tal, Buba, Yehezkel, Salingré, Shira, Lazarus, Mai, Yahel, Ruthy, Ben Ari, Yigael, Miller, Eyal, Sade, Rotem, Lavian, Guy, Birman, Ziv, Gury, Manor, Baz, Harel, Baskin, Ilia, Penn, Alon, Dolev, Amit, Licht, Ogen, Karkom, Tabi, Davidzon, Sharon, Berkovitch, Avi, Yaakov, Ofer, Manenti, Raoul, Mori, Emiliano, Ficetola, Gentile Francesco, Lunghi, Enrico, March, David, Godley, Brendan J., Martin, Cecilia, Mihaly, Steven F., Barclay, David R., Thomson, Dugald J.M., Dewey, Richard, Bedard, Jeannette, Miller, Aroha, Dearden, Amber, Chapman, Jennifer, Dares, Lauren, Borden, Laura, Gibbs, Donna, Schultz, Jessica, Sergeenko, Nikita, Francis, Fiona, Weltman, Amanda, Moity, Nicolas, Ramírez-González, Jorge, Mucientes, Gonzalo, Alonso-Fernández, Alexandre, Namir, Itai, Bar-Massada, Avi, Chen, Ron, Yedvab, Shmulik, Okey, Thomas A., Oppel, Steffen, Arkumarev, Volen, Bakari, Samuel, Dobrev, Vladimir, Saravia-Mullin, Victoria, Bounas, Anastasios, Kret, Elzbieta, Mengistu, Solomon, Pourchier, Cloé, Ruffo, Alazar, Tesfaye, Million, Wondafrash, Mengistu, Nikolov, Stoyan C., Palmer, Charles, Sileci, Lorenzo, Rex, Patrick T., Lowe, Christopher G., Peters, Francesc, Pine, Matthew K., Radford, Craig A, Wilson, Louise, McWhinnie, Lauren, Scuderi, Alessia, Jeffs, Andrew G., Prudic, Kathleen L., Larrivée, Maxim, McFarland, Kent P., Solis, Rodrigo, Hutchinson, Rebecca A., Queiroz, Nuno, Furtado, Miguel A., Sims, David W., Southall, Emily, Quesada-Rodriguez, Claudio A., Diaz-Orozco, Jessica P., Rodgers, Ku'ulei S., Severino, Sarah J.L., Graham, Andrew, Stefanak, Matthew P., Madin, Elizabeth M.P., Ryan, Peter G., Maclean, Kyle, Weideman, Eleanor A., Sekercioğlu, Cağan H., Kittelberger, Kyle D., Kusak, Josip, Seminoff, Jeffrey A., Hanna, Megan E., Shimada, Takahiro, Meekan, Mark G., Smith, Martin, Mokhatla, Mohlamatsane M., Soh, Malcolm C.K., Pang, Roanna Y.T., Ng, Breyl X.K., Lee, Benjamin P.Y.-H., Loo, Adrian H.B., Er, Kenneth B.H., Souza, Gabriel B.G., Stallings, Christopher D., Curtis, Joseph S., Faletti, Meaghan E., Peake, Jonathan A., Schram, Michael J., Wall, Kara R., Terry, Carina, Rothendler, Matt, Zipf, Lucy, Ulloa, Juan Sebastián, Hernández-Palma, Angélica, Gómez-Valencia, Bibiana, Cruz-Rodríguez, Cristian, Herrera-Varón, Yenifer, Roa, Margarita, Rodríguez-Buriticá, Susana, Ochoa-Quintero, Jose Manuel, Vardi, Reut, Vázquez, Víctor, Requena-Mesa, Christian, Warrington, Miyako H., Taylor, Michelle E., Woodall, Lucy C., Stefanoudis, Paris V., Zhang, Xiangliang, Yang, Qiang, Zukerman, Yuval, Sigal, Zehava, Ayali, Amir, Clua, Eric, Carzon, Pamela, Seguine, Clementine, Corradini, Andrea, Pedrotti, Luca, Foley, Catherine M., Gagnon, Catherine Alexandra, Panipakoochoo, Elijah, Milanes, Celene B., Botero, Camilo M., Velázquez, Yunior R., Milchakova, Nataliya A., Morley, Simon A., Martin, Stephanie M., Nanni, Veronica, Otero, Tania, Wakeling, Julia, Abarro, Sarah, Piou, Cyril, and et al.

Abstract

The global lockdown to mitigate COVID-19 pandemic health risks has altered human interactions with nature. Here, we report immediate impacts of changes in human activities on wildlife and environmental threats during the early lockdown months of 2020, based on 877 qualitative reports and 332 quantitative assessments from 89 different studies. Hundreds of reports of unusual species observations from around the world suggest that animals quickly responded to the reductions in human presence. However, negative effects of lockdown on conservation also emerged, as confinement resulted in some park officials being unable to perform conservation, restoration and enforcement tasks, resulting in local increases in illegal activities such as hunting. Overall, there is a complex mixture of positive and negative effects of the pandemic lockdown on nature, all of which have the potential to lead to cascading responses which in turn impact wildlife and nature conservation. While the net effect of the lockdown will need to be assessed over years as data becomes available and persistent effects emerge, immediate responses were detected across the world. Thus, initial qualitative and quantitative data arising from this serendipitous global quasi-experimental perturbation highlights the dual role that humans play in threatening and protecting species and ecosystems. Pathways to favorably tilt this delicate balance include reducing impacts and increasing conservation effectiveness.

Published
2021

5. Global COVID-19 lockdown highlights humans as both threats and custodians of the environment

Author

Bates, Amanda E., Primack, Richard B., Biggar, Brandy S., Bird, Tomas J., Clinton, Mary E., Command, Rylan J., Richards, Cerren, Shellard, Marc, Geraldi, Nathan R., Vergara, Valeria, Acevedo-charry, Orlando, Colon-pineiro, Zuania, Ocampo, David, Ocampo-penuela, Natalia, Sanchez-clavijo, Lina M., Adamescu, Cristian M., Cheval, Sorin, Racoviceanu, Tudor, Adams, Matthew D., Kalisa, Egide, Kuuire, Vincent Z., Aditya, Vikram, Anderwald, Pia, Wiesmann, Samuel, Wipf, Sonja, Badihi, Gal, Henderson, Matthew G., Loetscher, Hanspeter, Baerenfaller, Katja, Benedetti-cecchi, Lisandro, Bulleri, Fabio, Bertocci, Iacopo, Maggi, Elena, Rindi, Luca, Ravaglioli, Chiara, Boerder, Kristina, Bonnel, Julien, Mathias, Delphine, Archambault, Philippe, Chauvaud, Laurent, Braun, Camrin D., Thorrold, Simon R., Brownscombe, Jacob W., Midwood, Jonathan D., Boston, Christine M., Brooks, Jill L., Cooke, Steven J., China, Victor, Roll, Uri, Belmaker, Jonathan, Zvuloni, Assaf, Coll, Marta, Ortega, Miquel, Connors, Brendan, Lacko, Lisa, Jayathilake, Dinusha R. M., Costello, Mark J., Crimmins, Theresa M., Barnett, Lorianne, Denny, Ellen G., Gerst, Katharine L., Marsh, R. L., Posthumus, Erin E., Rodriguez, Reilly, Rosemartin, Alyssa, Schaffer, Sara N., Switzer, Jeff R., Wong, Kevin, Cunningham, Susan J., Sumasgutner, Petra, Amar, Arjun, Thomson, Robert L., Stofberg, Miqkayla, Hofmeyr, Sally, Suri, Jessleena, Stuart-smith, Rick D., Day, Paul B., Edgar, Graham J., Cooper, Antonia T., De Leo, Fabio Cabrera, Garner, Grant, Des Brisay, Paulson G., Schrimpf, Michael B., Koper, Nicola, Diamond, Michael S., Dwyer, Ross G., Baker, Cameron J., Franklin, Craig E., Efrat, Ron, Berger-tal, Oded, Hatzofe, Ohad, Eguiluz, Victor M., Rodriguez, Jorge P., Fernandez-gracia, Juan, Elustondo, David, Calatayud, Vicent, English, Philina A., Archer, Stephanie K., Dudas, Sarah E., Haggarty, Dana R., Gallagher, Austin J., Shea, Brendan D., Shipley, Oliver N., Gilby, Ben L., Ballantyne, Jasmine, Olds, Andrew D., Henderson, Christopher J., Schlacher, Thomas A., Halliday, William D., Brown, Nicholas A. W., Woods, Mackenzie B., Balshine, Sigal, Juanes, Francis, Rider, Mitchell J., Albano, Patricia S., Hammerschlag, Neil, Hays, Graeme C., Esteban, Nicole, Pan, Yuhang, He, Guojun, Tanaka, Takanao, Hensel, Marc J. S., Orth, Robert J., Patrick, Christopher J., Hentati-sundberg, Jonas, Olsson, Olof, Hessing-lewis, Margot L., Higgs, Nicholas D., Hindell, Mark A., Mcmahon, Clive R., Harcourt, Rob, Guinet, Christophe, Hirsch, Sarah E., Perrault, Justin R., Hoover, Shelby R., Reilly, Jennifer D., Hobaiter, Catherine, Gruber, Thibaud, Huveneers, Charlie, Udyawer, Vinay, Clarke, Thomas M., Kroesen, Laura P., Hik, David S., Cherry, Seth G., Belluz, Justin A. Del Bel, Jackson, Jennifer M., Lai, Shengjie, Lamb, Clayton T., Leclair, Gregory D., Parmelee, Jeffrey R., Chatfield, Matthew W. H., Frederick, Cheryl A., Lee, Sangdon, Park, Hyomin, Choi, Jaein, Letourneux, Frederic, Grandmont, Thierry, De Broin, Frederic Dulude, Bety, Joel, Gauthier, Gilles, Legagneux, Pierre, Lewis, Jesse S., Haight, Jeffrey, Liu, Zhu, Lyon, Jarod P., Hale, Robin, D'Silva, Dallas, Macgregor-fors, Ian, Arbelaez-cortes, Enrique, Estela, Felipe A., Sanchez-sarria, Camilo E., Garcia-arroyo, Michelle, Aguirre-samboni, Giann K., Morales, Juan C. Franco, Malamud, Shahar, Gavriel, Tal, Buba, Yehezkel, Salingre, Shira, Lazarus, Mai, Yahel, Ruthy, Ben Ari, Yigael, Miller, Eyal, Sade, Rotem, Lavian, Guy, Birman, Ziv, Gury, Manor, Baz, Harel, Baskin, Ilia, Penn, Alon, Dolev, Amit, Licht, Ogen, Karkom, Tabi, Davidzon, Sharon, Berkovitch, Avi, Yaakov, Ofer, Manenti, Raoul, Mori, Emiliano, Ficetola, Gentile Francesco, Lunghi, Enrico, March, David, Godley, Brendan J., Martin, Cecilia, Mihaly, Steven F., Barclay, David R., Thomson, Dugald J. M., Dewey, Richard, Bedard, Jeannette, Miller, Aroha, Dearden, Amber, Chapman, Jennifer, Dares, Lauren, Borden, Laura, Gibbs, Donna, Schultz, Jessica, Sergeenko, Nikita, Francis, Fiona, Weltman, Amanda, Moity, Nicolas, Ramirez-gonzalez, Jorge, Mucientes, Gonzalo, Alonso-fernandez, Alexandre, Namir, Itai, Bar-massada, Avi, Chen, Ron, Yedvab, Shmulik, Okey, Thomas A., Oppel, Steffen, Arkumarev, Volen, Bakari, Samuel, Dobrev, Vladimir, Saravia-mullin, Victoria, Bounas, Anastasios, Dobrev, Dobromir, Kret, Elzbieta, Mengistu, Solomon, Pourchier, Cloe, Ruffo, Alazar, Tesfaye, Million, Wondafrash, Mengistu, Nikolov, Stoyan C., Palmer, Charles, Sileci, Lorenzo, Rex, Patrick T., Lowe, Christopher G., Peters, Francesc, Pine, Matthew K., Radford, Craig A., Wilson, Louise, Mcwhinnie, Lauren, Scuderi, Alessia, Jeffs, Andrew G., Prudic, Kathleen L., Larrivee, Maxim, Mcfarland, Kent P., Solis, Rodrigo, Hutchinson, Rebecca A., Queiroz, Nuno, Furtado, Miguel A., Sims, David W., Southall, Emily, Quesada-rodriguez, Claudio A., Diaz-orozco, Jessica P., Rodgers, Ku'Ulei S., Severino, Sarah J. L., Graham, Andrew T., Stefanak, Matthew P., Madin, Elizabeth M. P., Ryan, Peter G., Maclean, Kyle, Weideman, Eleanor A., Kittelberger, Kyle D., Kusak, Josip, Seminoff, Jeffrey A., Hanna, Megan E., Shimada, Takahiro, Meekan, Mark G., Smith, Martin K. S., Mokhatla, Mohlamatsane M., Soh, Malcolm C. K., Pang, Roanna Y. T., Ng, Breyl X. K., Benjamin, P. Y-h Lee, Loo, Adrian H. B., Er, Kenneth B. H., Souza, Gabriel B. G., Stallings, Christopher D., Curtis, Joseph S., Faletti, Meaghan E., Peake, Jonathan A., Schram, Michael J., Wall, Kara R., Terry, Carina, Rothendler, Matt, Zipf, Lucy, Ulloa, Juan Sebastian, Hernandez-palma, Angelica, Gomez-valencia, Bibiana, Cruz-rodriguez, Cristian, Herrera-varon, Yenifer, Roa, Margarita, Rodriguez-buritica, Susana, Ochoa-quintero, Jose Manuel, Vardi, Reut, Vazquez, Victor, Requena-mesa, Christian, Warrington, Miyako H., Taylor, Michelle E., Woodall, Lucy C., Stefanoudis, Paris, V, Zhang, Xiangliang, Yang, Qiang, Zukerman, Yuval, Sigal, Zehava, Ayali, Amir, Clua, Eric E. G., Carzon, Pamela, Seguine, Clementine, Corradini, Andrea, Pedrotti, Luca, Foley, Catherine M., Gagnon, Catherine Alexandra, Panipakoochoo, Elijah, Milanes, Celene B., Botero, Camilo M., Velazquez, Yunior R., Milchakova, Nataliya A., Morley, Simon A., Martin, Stephane M., Nanni, Veronica, Otero, Tanya, Wakeling, Julia, Abarro, Sarah, Piou, Cyril, Sobral, Ana F. L., Soto, Eulogio H., Weigel, Emily G., Bernal-ibanez, Alejandro, Gestoso, Ignacio, Cacabelos, Eva, Cagnacci, Francesca, Devassy, Reny P., Loretto, Matthias-claudio, Moraga, Paula, Rutz, Christian, Duarte, Carlos M., Bates, Amanda E., Primack, Richard B., Biggar, Brandy S., Bird, Tomas J., Clinton, Mary E., Command, Rylan J., Richards, Cerren, Shellard, Marc, Geraldi, Nathan R., Vergara, Valeria, Acevedo-charry, Orlando, Colon-pineiro, Zuania, Ocampo, David, Ocampo-penuela, Natalia, Sanchez-clavijo, Lina M., Adamescu, Cristian M., Cheval, Sorin, Racoviceanu, Tudor, Adams, Matthew D., Kalisa, Egide, Kuuire, Vincent Z., Aditya, Vikram, Anderwald, Pia, Wiesmann, Samuel, Wipf, Sonja, Badihi, Gal, Henderson, Matthew G., Loetscher, Hanspeter, Baerenfaller, Katja, Benedetti-cecchi, Lisandro, Bulleri, Fabio, Bertocci, Iacopo, Maggi, Elena, Rindi, Luca, Ravaglioli, Chiara, Boerder, Kristina, Bonnel, Julien, Mathias, Delphine, Archambault, Philippe, Chauvaud, Laurent, Braun, Camrin D., Thorrold, Simon R., Brownscombe, Jacob W., Midwood, Jonathan D., Boston, Christine M., Brooks, Jill L., Cooke, Steven J., China, Victor, Roll, Uri, Belmaker, Jonathan, Zvuloni, Assaf, Coll, Marta, Ortega, Miquel, Connors, Brendan, Lacko, Lisa, Jayathilake, Dinusha R. M., Costello, Mark J., Crimmins, Theresa M., Barnett, Lorianne, Denny, Ellen G., Gerst, Katharine L., Marsh, R. L., Posthumus, Erin E., Rodriguez, Reilly, Rosemartin, Alyssa, Schaffer, Sara N., Switzer, Jeff R., Wong, Kevin, Cunningham, Susan J., Sumasgutner, Petra, Amar, Arjun, Thomson, Robert L., Stofberg, Miqkayla, Hofmeyr, Sally, Suri, Jessleena, Stuart-smith, Rick D., Day, Paul B., Edgar, Graham J., Cooper, Antonia T., De Leo, Fabio Cabrera, Garner, Grant, Des Brisay, Paulson G., Schrimpf, Michael B., Koper, Nicola, Diamond, Michael S., Dwyer, Ross G., Baker, Cameron J., Franklin, Craig E., Efrat, Ron, Berger-tal, Oded, Hatzofe, Ohad, Eguiluz, Victor M., Rodriguez, Jorge P., Fernandez-gracia, Juan, Elustondo, David, Calatayud, Vicent, English, Philina A., Archer, Stephanie K., Dudas, Sarah E., Haggarty, Dana R., Gallagher, Austin J., Shea, Brendan D., Shipley, Oliver N., Gilby, Ben L., Ballantyne, Jasmine, Olds, Andrew D., Henderson, Christopher J., Schlacher, Thomas A., Halliday, William D., Brown, Nicholas A. W., Woods, Mackenzie B., Balshine, Sigal, Juanes, Francis, Rider, Mitchell J., Albano, Patricia S., Hammerschlag, Neil, Hays, Graeme C., Esteban, Nicole, Pan, Yuhang, He, Guojun, Tanaka, Takanao, Hensel, Marc J. S., Orth, Robert J., Patrick, Christopher J., Hentati-sundberg, Jonas, Olsson, Olof, Hessing-lewis, Margot L., Higgs, Nicholas D., Hindell, Mark A., Mcmahon, Clive R., Harcourt, Rob, Guinet, Christophe, Hirsch, Sarah E., Perrault, Justin R., Hoover, Shelby R., Reilly, Jennifer D., Hobaiter, Catherine, Gruber, Thibaud, Huveneers, Charlie, Udyawer, Vinay, Clarke, Thomas M., Kroesen, Laura P., Hik, David S., Cherry, Seth G., Belluz, Justin A. Del Bel, Jackson, Jennifer M., Lai, Shengjie, Lamb, Clayton T., Leclair, Gregory D., Parmelee, Jeffrey R., Chatfield, Matthew W. H., Frederick, Cheryl A., Lee, Sangdon, Park, Hyomin, Choi, Jaein, Letourneux, Frederic, Grandmont, Thierry, De Broin, Frederic Dulude, Bety, Joel, Gauthier, Gilles, Legagneux, Pierre, Lewis, Jesse S., Haight, Jeffrey, Liu, Zhu, Lyon, Jarod P., Hale, Robin, D'Silva, Dallas, Macgregor-fors, Ian, Arbelaez-cortes, Enrique, Estela, Felipe A., Sanchez-sarria, Camilo E., Garcia-arroyo, Michelle, Aguirre-samboni, Giann K., Morales, Juan C. Franco, Malamud, Shahar, Gavriel, Tal, Buba, Yehezkel, Salingre, Shira, Lazarus, Mai, Yahel, Ruthy, Ben Ari, Yigael, Miller, Eyal, Sade, Rotem, Lavian, Guy, Birman, Ziv, Gury, Manor, Baz, Harel, Baskin, Ilia, Penn, Alon, Dolev, Amit, Licht, Ogen, Karkom, Tabi, Davidzon, Sharon, Berkovitch, Avi, Yaakov, Ofer, Manenti, Raoul, Mori, Emiliano, Ficetola, Gentile Francesco, Lunghi, Enrico, March, David, Godley, Brendan J., Martin, Cecilia, Mihaly, Steven F., Barclay, David R., Thomson, Dugald J. M., Dewey, Richard, Bedard, Jeannette, Miller, Aroha, Dearden, Amber, Chapman, Jennifer, Dares, Lauren, Borden, Laura, Gibbs, Donna, Schultz, Jessica, Sergeenko, Nikita, Francis, Fiona, Weltman, Amanda, Moity, Nicolas, Ramirez-gonzalez, Jorge, Mucientes, Gonzalo, Alonso-fernandez, Alexandre, Namir, Itai, Bar-massada, Avi, Chen, Ron, Yedvab, Shmulik, Okey, Thomas A., Oppel, Steffen, Arkumarev, Volen, Bakari, Samuel, Dobrev, Vladimir, Saravia-mullin, Victoria, Bounas, Anastasios, Dobrev, Dobromir, Kret, Elzbieta, Mengistu, Solomon, Pourchier, Cloe, Ruffo, Alazar, Tesfaye, Million, Wondafrash, Mengistu, Nikolov, Stoyan C., Palmer, Charles, Sileci, Lorenzo, Rex, Patrick T., Lowe, Christopher G., Peters, Francesc, Pine, Matthew K., Radford, Craig A., Wilson, Louise, Mcwhinnie, Lauren, Scuderi, Alessia, Jeffs, Andrew G., Prudic, Kathleen L., Larrivee, Maxim, Mcfarland, Kent P., Solis, Rodrigo, Hutchinson, Rebecca A., Queiroz, Nuno, Furtado, Miguel A., Sims, David W., Southall, Emily, Quesada-rodriguez, Claudio A., Diaz-orozco, Jessica P., Rodgers, Ku'Ulei S., Severino, Sarah J. L., Graham, Andrew T., Stefanak, Matthew P., Madin, Elizabeth M. P., Ryan, Peter G., Maclean, Kyle, Weideman, Eleanor A., Kittelberger, Kyle D., Kusak, Josip, Seminoff, Jeffrey A., Hanna, Megan E., Shimada, Takahiro, Meekan, Mark G., Smith, Martin K. S., Mokhatla, Mohlamatsane M., Soh, Malcolm C. K., Pang, Roanna Y. T., Ng, Breyl X. K., Benjamin, P. Y-h Lee, Loo, Adrian H. B., Er, Kenneth B. H., Souza, Gabriel B. G., Stallings, Christopher D., Curtis, Joseph S., Faletti, Meaghan E., Peake, Jonathan A., Schram, Michael J., Wall, Kara R., Terry, Carina, Rothendler, Matt, Zipf, Lucy, Ulloa, Juan Sebastian, Hernandez-palma, Angelica, Gomez-valencia, Bibiana, Cruz-rodriguez, Cristian, Herrera-varon, Yenifer, Roa, Margarita, Rodriguez-buritica, Susana, Ochoa-quintero, Jose Manuel, Vardi, Reut, Vazquez, Victor, Requena-mesa, Christian, Warrington, Miyako H., Taylor, Michelle E., Woodall, Lucy C., Stefanoudis, Paris, V, Zhang, Xiangliang, Yang, Qiang, Zukerman, Yuval, Sigal, Zehava, Ayali, Amir, Clua, Eric E. G., Carzon, Pamela, Seguine, Clementine, Corradini, Andrea, Pedrotti, Luca, Foley, Catherine M., Gagnon, Catherine Alexandra, Panipakoochoo, Elijah, Milanes, Celene B., Botero, Camilo M., Velazquez, Yunior R., Milchakova, Nataliya A., Morley, Simon A., Martin, Stephane M., Nanni, Veronica, Otero, Tanya, Wakeling, Julia, Abarro, Sarah, Piou, Cyril, Sobral, Ana F. L., Soto, Eulogio H., Weigel, Emily G., Bernal-ibanez, Alejandro, Gestoso, Ignacio, Cacabelos, Eva, Cagnacci, Francesca, Devassy, Reny P., Loretto, Matthias-claudio, Moraga, Paula, Rutz, Christian, and Duarte, Carlos M.

Abstract

The global lockdown to mitigate COVID-19 pandemic health risks has altered human interactions with nature. Here, we report immediate impacts of changes in human activities on wildlife and environmental threats during the early lockdown months of 2020, based on 877 qualitative reports and 332 quantitative assessments from 89 different studies. Hundreds of reports of unusual species observations from around the world suggest that animals quickly responded to the reductions in human presence. However, negative effects of lockdown on conservation also emerged, as confinement resulted in some park officials being unable to perform conservation, restoration and enforcement tasks, resulting in local increases in illegal activities such as hunting. Overall, there is a complex mixture of positive and negative effects of the pandemic lockdown on nature, all of which have the potential to lead to cascading responses which in turn impact wildlife and nature conservation. While the net effect of the lockdown will need to be assessed over years as data becomes available and persistent effects emerge, immediate responses were detected across the world. Thus, initial qualitative and quantitative data arising from this serendipitous global quasi-experimental perturbation highlights the dual role that humans play in threatening and protecting species and ecosystems. Pathways to favorably tilt this delicate balance include reducing impacts and increasing conservation effectiveness.

Published
2021
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6. Global COVID-19 lockdown highlights humans as both threats and custodians of the environment

Author

Bates, Amanda E., Primack, Richard B., Biggar, Brandy S., Bird, Tomas J., Clinton, Mary E., Command, Rylan J., Richards, Cerren, Shellard, Marc, Geraldi, Nathan R., Vergara, Valeria, Acevedo-charry, Orlando, Colon-pineiro, Zuania, Ocampo, David, Ocampo-penuela, Natalia, Sanchez-clavijo, Lina M., Adamescu, Cristian M., Cheval, Sorin, Racoviceanu, Tudor, Adams, Matthew D., Kalisa, Egide, Kuuire, Vincent Z., Aditya, Vikram, Anderwald, Pia, Wiesmann, Samuel, Wipf, Sonja, Badihi, Gal, Henderson, Matthew G., Loetscher, Hanspeter, Baerenfaller, Katja, Benedetti-cecchi, Lisandro, Bulleri, Fabio, Bertocci, Iacopo, Maggi, Elena, Rindi, Luca, Ravaglioli, Chiara, Boerder, Kristina, Bonnel, Julien, Mathias, Delphine, Archambault, Philippe, Chauvaud, Laurent, Braun, Camrin D., Thorrold, Simon R., Brownscombe, Jacob W., Midwood, Jonathan D., Boston, Christine M., Brooks, Jill L., Cooke, Steven J., China, Victor, Roll, Uri, Belmaker, Jonathan, Zvuloni, Assaf, Coll, Marta, Ortega, Miquel, Connors, Brendan, Lacko, Lisa, Jayathilake, Dinusha R. M., Costello, Mark J., Crimmins, Theresa M., Barnett, Lorianne, Denny, Ellen G., Gerst, Katharine L., Marsh, R. L., Posthumus, Erin E., Rodriguez, Reilly, Rosemartin, Alyssa, Schaffer, Sara N., Switzer, Jeff R., Wong, Kevin, Cunningham, Susan J., Sumasgutner, Petra, Amar, Arjun, Thomson, Robert L., Stofberg, Miqkayla, Hofmeyr, Sally, Suri, Jessleena, Stuart-smith, Rick D., Day, Paul B., Edgar, Graham J., Cooper, Antonia T., De Leo, Fabio Cabrera, Garner, Grant, Des Brisay, Paulson G., Schrimpf, Michael B., Koper, Nicola, Diamond, Michael S., Dwyer, Ross G., Baker, Cameron J., Franklin, Craig E., Efrat, Ron, Berger-tal, Oded, Hatzofe, Ohad, Eguiluz, Victor M., Rodriguez, Jorge P., Fernandez-gracia, Juan, Elustondo, David, Calatayud, Vicent, English, Philina A., Archer, Stephanie K., Dudas, Sarah E., Haggarty, Dana R., Gallagher, Austin J., Shea, Brendan D., Shipley, Oliver N., Gilby, Ben L., Ballantyne, Jasmine, Olds, Andrew D., Henderson, Christopher J., Schlacher, Thomas A., Halliday, William D., Brown, Nicholas A. W., Woods, Mackenzie B., Balshine, Sigal, Juanes, Francis, Rider, Mitchell J., Albano, Patricia S., Hammerschlag, Neil, Hays, Graeme C., Esteban, Nicole, Pan, Yuhang, He, Guojun, Tanaka, Takanao, Hensel, Marc J. S., Orth, Robert J., Patrick, Christopher J., Hentati-sundberg, Jonas, Olsson, Olof, Hessing-lewis, Margot L., Higgs, Nicholas D., Hindell, Mark A., Mcmahon, Clive R., Harcourt, Rob, Guinet, Christophe, Hirsch, Sarah E., Perrault, Justin R., Hoover, Shelby R., Reilly, Jennifer D., Hobaiter, Catherine, Gruber, Thibaud, Huveneers, Charlie, Udyawer, Vinay, Clarke, Thomas M., Kroesen, Laura P., Hik, David S., Cherry, Seth G., Belluz, Justin A. Del Bel, Jackson, Jennifer M., Lai, Shengjie, Lamb, Clayton T., Leclair, Gregory D., Parmelee, Jeffrey R., Chatfield, Matthew W. H., Frederick, Cheryl A., Lee, Sangdon, Park, Hyomin, Choi, Jaein, Letourneux, Frederic, Grandmont, Thierry, De Broin, Frederic Dulude, Bety, Joel, Gauthier, Gilles, Legagneux, Pierre, Lewis, Jesse S., Haight, Jeffrey, Liu, Zhu, Lyon, Jarod P., Hale, Robin, D'Silva, Dallas, Macgregor-fors, Ian, Arbelaez-cortes, Enrique, Estela, Felipe A., Sanchez-sarria, Camilo E., Garcia-arroyo, Michelle, Aguirre-samboni, Giann K., Morales, Juan C. Franco, Malamud, Shahar, Gavriel, Tal, Buba, Yehezkel, Salingre, Shira, Lazarus, Mai, Yahel, Ruthy, Ben Ari, Yigael, Miller, Eyal, Sade, Rotem, Lavian, Guy, Birman, Ziv, Gury, Manor, Baz, Harel, Baskin, Ilia, Penn, Alon, Dolev, Amit, Licht, Ogen, Karkom, Tabi, Davidzon, Sharon, Berkovitch, Avi, Yaakov, Ofer, Manenti, Raoul, Mori, Emiliano, Ficetola, Gentile Francesco, Lunghi, Enrico, March, David, Godley, Brendan J., Martin, Cecilia, Mihaly, Steven F., Barclay, David R., Thomson, Dugald J. M., Dewey, Richard, Bedard, Jeannette, Miller, Aroha, Dearden, Amber, Chapman, Jennifer, Dares, Lauren, Borden, Laura, Gibbs, Donna, Schultz, Jessica, Sergeenko, Nikita, Francis, Fiona, Weltman, Amanda, Moity, Nicolas, Ramirez-gonzalez, Jorge, Mucientes, Gonzalo, Alonso-fernandez, Alexandre, Namir, Itai, Bar-massada, Avi, Chen, Ron, Yedvab, Shmulik, Okey, Thomas A., Oppel, Steffen, Arkumarev, Volen, Bakari, Samuel, Dobrev, Vladimir, Saravia-mullin, Victoria, Bounas, Anastasios, Dobrev, Dobromir, Kret, Elzbieta, Mengistu, Solomon, Pourchier, Cloe, Ruffo, Alazar, Tesfaye, Million, Wondafrash, Mengistu, Nikolov, Stoyan C., Palmer, Charles, Sileci, Lorenzo, Rex, Patrick T., Lowe, Christopher G., Peters, Francesc, Pine, Matthew K., Radford, Craig A., Wilson, Louise, Mcwhinnie, Lauren, Scuderi, Alessia, Jeffs, Andrew G., Prudic, Kathleen L., Larrivee, Maxim, Mcfarland, Kent P., Solis, Rodrigo, Hutchinson, Rebecca A., Queiroz, Nuno, Furtado, Miguel A., Sims, David W., Southall, Emily, Quesada-rodriguez, Claudio A., Diaz-orozco, Jessica P., Rodgers, Ku'Ulei S., Severino, Sarah J. L., Graham, Andrew T., Stefanak, Matthew P., Madin, Elizabeth M. P., Ryan, Peter G., Maclean, Kyle, Weideman, Eleanor A., Kittelberger, Kyle D., Kusak, Josip, Seminoff, Jeffrey A., Hanna, Megan E., Shimada, Takahiro, Meekan, Mark G., Smith, Martin K. S., Mokhatla, Mohlamatsane M., Soh, Malcolm C. K., Pang, Roanna Y. T., Ng, Breyl X. K., Benjamin, P. Y-h Lee, Loo, Adrian H. B., Er, Kenneth B. H., Souza, Gabriel B. G., Stallings, Christopher D., Curtis, Joseph S., Faletti, Meaghan E., Peake, Jonathan A., Schram, Michael J., Wall, Kara R., Terry, Carina, Rothendler, Matt, Zipf, Lucy, Ulloa, Juan Sebastian, Hernandez-palma, Angelica, Gomez-valencia, Bibiana, Cruz-rodriguez, Cristian, Herrera-varon, Yenifer, Roa, Margarita, Rodriguez-buritica, Susana, Ochoa-quintero, Jose Manuel, Vardi, Reut, Vazquez, Victor, Requena-mesa, Christian, Warrington, Miyako H., Taylor, Michelle E., Woodall, Lucy C., Stefanoudis, Paris, V, Zhang, Xiangliang, Yang, Qiang, Zukerman, Yuval, Sigal, Zehava, Ayali, Amir, Clua, Eric E. G., Carzon, Pamela, Seguine, Clementine, Corradini, Andrea, Pedrotti, Luca, Foley, Catherine M., Gagnon, Catherine Alexandra, Panipakoochoo, Elijah, Milanes, Celene B., Botero, Camilo M., Velazquez, Yunior R., Milchakova, Nataliya A., Morley, Simon A., Martin, Stephane M., Nanni, Veronica, Otero, Tanya, Wakeling, Julia, Abarro, Sarah, Piou, Cyril, Sobral, Ana F. L., Soto, Eulogio H., Weigel, Emily G., Bernal-ibanez, Alejandro, Gestoso, Ignacio, Cacabelos, Eva, Cagnacci, Francesca, Devassy, Reny P., Loretto, Matthias-claudio, Moraga, Paula, Rutz, Christian, Duarte, Carlos M., Bates, Amanda E., Primack, Richard B., Biggar, Brandy S., Bird, Tomas J., Clinton, Mary E., Command, Rylan J., Richards, Cerren, Shellard, Marc, Geraldi, Nathan R., Vergara, Valeria, Acevedo-charry, Orlando, Colon-pineiro, Zuania, Ocampo, David, Ocampo-penuela, Natalia, Sanchez-clavijo, Lina M., Adamescu, Cristian M., Cheval, Sorin, Racoviceanu, Tudor, Adams, Matthew D., Kalisa, Egide, Kuuire, Vincent Z., Aditya, Vikram, Anderwald, Pia, Wiesmann, Samuel, Wipf, Sonja, Badihi, Gal, Henderson, Matthew G., Loetscher, Hanspeter, Baerenfaller, Katja, Benedetti-cecchi, Lisandro, Bulleri, Fabio, Bertocci, Iacopo, Maggi, Elena, Rindi, Luca, Ravaglioli, Chiara, Boerder, Kristina, Bonnel, Julien, Mathias, Delphine, Archambault, Philippe, Chauvaud, Laurent, Braun, Camrin D., Thorrold, Simon R., Brownscombe, Jacob W., Midwood, Jonathan D., Boston, Christine M., Brooks, Jill L., Cooke, Steven J., China, Victor, Roll, Uri, Belmaker, Jonathan, Zvuloni, Assaf, Coll, Marta, Ortega, Miquel, Connors, Brendan, Lacko, Lisa, Jayathilake, Dinusha R. M., Costello, Mark J., Crimmins, Theresa M., Barnett, Lorianne, Denny, Ellen G., Gerst, Katharine L., Marsh, R. L., Posthumus, Erin E., Rodriguez, Reilly, Rosemartin, Alyssa, Schaffer, Sara N., Switzer, Jeff R., Wong, Kevin, Cunningham, Susan J., Sumasgutner, Petra, Amar, Arjun, Thomson, Robert L., Stofberg, Miqkayla, Hofmeyr, Sally, Suri, Jessleena, Stuart-smith, Rick D., Day, Paul B., Edgar, Graham J., Cooper, Antonia T., De Leo, Fabio Cabrera, Garner, Grant, Des Brisay, Paulson G., Schrimpf, Michael B., Koper, Nicola, Diamond, Michael S., Dwyer, Ross G., Baker, Cameron J., Franklin, Craig E., Efrat, Ron, Berger-tal, Oded, Hatzofe, Ohad, Eguiluz, Victor M., Rodriguez, Jorge P., Fernandez-gracia, Juan, Elustondo, David, Calatayud, Vicent, English, Philina A., Archer, Stephanie K., Dudas, Sarah E., Haggarty, Dana R., Gallagher, Austin J., Shea, Brendan D., Shipley, Oliver N., Gilby, Ben L., Ballantyne, Jasmine, Olds, Andrew D., Henderson, Christopher J., Schlacher, Thomas A., Halliday, William D., Brown, Nicholas A. W., Woods, Mackenzie B., Balshine, Sigal, Juanes, Francis, Rider, Mitchell J., Albano, Patricia S., Hammerschlag, Neil, Hays, Graeme C., Esteban, Nicole, Pan, Yuhang, He, Guojun, Tanaka, Takanao, Hensel, Marc J. S., Orth, Robert J., Patrick, Christopher J., Hentati-sundberg, Jonas, Olsson, Olof, Hessing-lewis, Margot L., Higgs, Nicholas D., Hindell, Mark A., Mcmahon, Clive R., Harcourt, Rob, Guinet, Christophe, Hirsch, Sarah E., Perrault, Justin R., Hoover, Shelby R., Reilly, Jennifer D., Hobaiter, Catherine, Gruber, Thibaud, Huveneers, Charlie, Udyawer, Vinay, Clarke, Thomas M., Kroesen, Laura P., Hik, David S., Cherry, Seth G., Belluz, Justin A. Del Bel, Jackson, Jennifer M., Lai, Shengjie, Lamb, Clayton T., Leclair, Gregory D., Parmelee, Jeffrey R., Chatfield, Matthew W. H., Frederick, Cheryl A., Lee, Sangdon, Park, Hyomin, Choi, Jaein, Letourneux, Frederic, Grandmont, Thierry, De Broin, Frederic Dulude, Bety, Joel, Gauthier, Gilles, Legagneux, Pierre, Lewis, Jesse S., Haight, Jeffrey, Liu, Zhu, Lyon, Jarod P., Hale, Robin, D'Silva, Dallas, Macgregor-fors, Ian, Arbelaez-cortes, Enrique, Estela, Felipe A., Sanchez-sarria, Camilo E., Garcia-arroyo, Michelle, Aguirre-samboni, Giann K., Morales, Juan C. Franco, Malamud, Shahar, Gavriel, Tal, Buba, Yehezkel, Salingre, Shira, Lazarus, Mai, Yahel, Ruthy, Ben Ari, Yigael, Miller, Eyal, Sade, Rotem, Lavian, Guy, Birman, Ziv, Gury, Manor, Baz, Harel, Baskin, Ilia, Penn, Alon, Dolev, Amit, Licht, Ogen, Karkom, Tabi, Davidzon, Sharon, Berkovitch, Avi, Yaakov, Ofer, Manenti, Raoul, Mori, Emiliano, Ficetola, Gentile Francesco, Lunghi, Enrico, March, David, Godley, Brendan J., Martin, Cecilia, Mihaly, Steven F., Barclay, David R., Thomson, Dugald J. M., Dewey, Richard, Bedard, Jeannette, Miller, Aroha, Dearden, Amber, Chapman, Jennifer, Dares, Lauren, Borden, Laura, Gibbs, Donna, Schultz, Jessica, Sergeenko, Nikita, Francis, Fiona, Weltman, Amanda, Moity, Nicolas, Ramirez-gonzalez, Jorge, Mucientes, Gonzalo, Alonso-fernandez, Alexandre, Namir, Itai, Bar-massada, Avi, Chen, Ron, Yedvab, Shmulik, Okey, Thomas A., Oppel, Steffen, Arkumarev, Volen, Bakari, Samuel, Dobrev, Vladimir, Saravia-mullin, Victoria, Bounas, Anastasios, Dobrev, Dobromir, Kret, Elzbieta, Mengistu, Solomon, Pourchier, Cloe, Ruffo, Alazar, Tesfaye, Million, Wondafrash, Mengistu, Nikolov, Stoyan C., Palmer, Charles, Sileci, Lorenzo, Rex, Patrick T., Lowe, Christopher G., Peters, Francesc, Pine, Matthew K., Radford, Craig A., Wilson, Louise, Mcwhinnie, Lauren, Scuderi, Alessia, Jeffs, Andrew G., Prudic, Kathleen L., Larrivee, Maxim, Mcfarland, Kent P., Solis, Rodrigo, Hutchinson, Rebecca A., Queiroz, Nuno, Furtado, Miguel A., Sims, David W., Southall, Emily, Quesada-rodriguez, Claudio A., Diaz-orozco, Jessica P., Rodgers, Ku'Ulei S., Severino, Sarah J. L., Graham, Andrew T., Stefanak, Matthew P., Madin, Elizabeth M. P., Ryan, Peter G., Maclean, Kyle, Weideman, Eleanor A., Kittelberger, Kyle D., Kusak, Josip, Seminoff, Jeffrey A., Hanna, Megan E., Shimada, Takahiro, Meekan, Mark G., Smith, Martin K. S., Mokhatla, Mohlamatsane M., Soh, Malcolm C. K., Pang, Roanna Y. T., Ng, Breyl X. K., Benjamin, P. Y-h Lee, Loo, Adrian H. B., Er, Kenneth B. H., Souza, Gabriel B. G., Stallings, Christopher D., Curtis, Joseph S., Faletti, Meaghan E., Peake, Jonathan A., Schram, Michael J., Wall, Kara R., Terry, Carina, Rothendler, Matt, Zipf, Lucy, Ulloa, Juan Sebastian, Hernandez-palma, Angelica, Gomez-valencia, Bibiana, Cruz-rodriguez, Cristian, Herrera-varon, Yenifer, Roa, Margarita, Rodriguez-buritica, Susana, Ochoa-quintero, Jose Manuel, Vardi, Reut, Vazquez, Victor, Requena-mesa, Christian, Warrington, Miyako H., Taylor, Michelle E., Woodall, Lucy C., Stefanoudis, Paris, V, Zhang, Xiangliang, Yang, Qiang, Zukerman, Yuval, Sigal, Zehava, Ayali, Amir, Clua, Eric E. G., Carzon, Pamela, Seguine, Clementine, Corradini, Andrea, Pedrotti, Luca, Foley, Catherine M., Gagnon, Catherine Alexandra, Panipakoochoo, Elijah, Milanes, Celene B., Botero, Camilo M., Velazquez, Yunior R., Milchakova, Nataliya A., Morley, Simon A., Martin, Stephane M., Nanni, Veronica, Otero, Tanya, Wakeling, Julia, Abarro, Sarah, Piou, Cyril, Sobral, Ana F. L., Soto, Eulogio H., Weigel, Emily G., Bernal-ibanez, Alejandro, Gestoso, Ignacio, Cacabelos, Eva, Cagnacci, Francesca, Devassy, Reny P., Loretto, Matthias-claudio, Moraga, Paula, Rutz, Christian, and Duarte, Carlos M.

Abstract

The global lockdown to mitigate COVID-19 pandemic health risks has altered human interactions with nature. Here, we report immediate impacts of changes in human activities on wildlife and environmental threats during the early lockdown months of 2020, based on 877 qualitative reports and 332 quantitative assessments from 89 different studies. Hundreds of reports of unusual species observations from around the world suggest that animals quickly responded to the reductions in human presence. However, negative effects of lockdown on conservation also emerged, as confinement resulted in some park officials being unable to perform conservation, restoration and enforcement tasks, resulting in local increases in illegal activities such as hunting. Overall, there is a complex mixture of positive and negative effects of the pandemic lockdown on nature, all of which have the potential to lead to cascading responses which in turn impact wildlife and nature conservation. While the net effect of the lockdown will need to be assessed over years as data becomes available and persistent effects emerge, immediate responses were detected across the world. Thus, initial qualitative and quantitative data arising from this serendipitous global quasi-experimental perturbation highlights the dual role that humans play in threatening and protecting species and ecosystems. Pathways to favorably tilt this delicate balance include reducing impacts and increasing conservation effectiveness.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

7. Global COVID-19 lockdown highlights humans as both threats and custodians of the environment

Author

Bates, Amanda E., Primack, Richard B., Biggar, Brandy S., Bird, Thomas J., Clinton, Mary E., Command, Rylan J., Richards, Cerren, Shellard, Marc, Geraldi, Nathan R., Vergara, Valeria, Acevedo-Charry, Orlando, Colón-Piñeiro, Zuania, Ocampo, David, Ocampo-Peñuela, Natalia, Sánchez-Clavijo, Lina M., Adamescu, Cristian M., Cheval, Sorin, Racoviceanu, Tudor, Adams, Matthew D., Kalisa, Egide, Kuuire, Vincent Z., Aditya, Vikram, Anderwald, Pia, Wiesmann, Samuel, Wipf, Sonja, Badihi, Gal, Henderson, Matthew G., Loetscher, Hanspeter, Baerenfaller, Katja, Benedetti-Cecchi, Lisandro, Bulleri, Fabio, Bertocci, Lacopo, Maggi, Elena, Rindi, Luca, Ravaglioli, Chiara, Boerder, Kristina, Bonnel, Julien, Mathias, Delphine, Archambault, Philippe, Chauvaud, Laurent, Braun, Camrin D., Thorrold, Simon R., Brownscombe, Jacob W., Midwood, Jonathan D., Boston, Christine M., Brooks, Jill L., Cooke, Steven J., China, Victor, Roll, Uri, Belmaker, Jonathan, Zvuloni, Assaf, Coll, Marta, Ortega, Miquel, Connors, Brendan, Lacko, Lisa, Jayathilake, Dinusha R.M., Costello, Mark J., Crimmins, Theresa M., Barnett, LoriAnne, Denny, Ellen G., Gerst, Katharine L., Marsh, R.L., Posthumus, Erin E., Rodriguez, Reilly, Rosemartin, Alyssa, Schaffer, Sara N., Switzer, Jeff R., Wong, Kevin, Cunningham, Susan J., Sumasgutner, Petra, Amar, Arjun, Thomson, Robert L., Stofberg, Miqkayla, Hofmeyr, Sally, Suri, Jessleena, Stuart-Smith, Rick D., Day, Paul B., Edgar, Graham J., Cooper, Antonia T., Cabrera De Leo, Fabio, Garner, Grant, Des Brisay, Paulson G., Schrimpf, Michael B., Koper, Nicola, Diamond, Michael S., Dwyer, Ross G., Baker, Cameron J, Franklin, Craig E., Efrat, Ron, Berger-Tal, Oded, Hatzofe, Ohad, Eguíluz, Víctor M., Rodríguez, Jorge P., Fernández-Gracia, Juan, Elustondo, David, Calatayud, Vicent, English, Philina A., Archer, Stephanie K., Dudas, Sarah E., Haggarty, Dana R., Gallagher, Austin J., Shea, Brandan D., Shipley, Oliver N., Gilby, Ben L., Ballantyne, Jasmine, Olds, Andrew D., Henderson, Christopher J., Schlacher, Thomas A., Halliday, William D., Brown, Nicholas A.W., Woods, Mackenzie B., Balshine, Sigal, Juanes, Francis, Rider, Mitchell J., Albano, Patricia S., Hammerschlag, Neil, Hays, Graeme C., Esteban, Nicole, Pan, Yuhang, He, Guojun, Tanaka, Takanao, Hensel, Marc J.S., Orth, Robert J., Patrick, Christopher J., Hentati-Sundberg, Jonas, Olsson, Olof, Hessing-Lewis, Margot L., Higgs, Nicholas D., McMahon, Clive R., Harcourt, Rob, Guinet, Christophe, Hirsch, Sarah E., Perrault, Justin R., Hoover, Shelby R., Reilly, Jennifer D., Hobaiter, Catherine, Gruber, Thibaud, Huveneers, Charlie, Udyawer, Vinay, Clarke, Thomas M., Kroesen, Laura P., Hik, David S., Cherry, Seth G., Del Bel Belluz, Justin A., Jackson, Jennifer M., Lai, Shengjie, Lamb, Clayton T., LeClair, Gregory D., Parmelee, Jeffrey R., Chatfield, Matthew W.H., Frederick, Cheryl A., Lee, Sangdon, Park, Hyomin, Choi, Jaein, LeTourneux, Frédéric, Grandmont, Thierry, Dulude de-Broin, Frédéric, Bêty, Joël, Gauthier, Gilles, Legagneux, Pierre, Lewis, Jesse S., Haight, Jeffrey, Liu, Zhu, Lyon, Jarod P., Hale, Robin, D'Silva, Dallas, MacGregor-Fors, Ian, Arbelaez-Cortes, Enrique, Estela, Felipe A., Sánchez-Sarria, Camilo E., García-Arroyo, Michelle, Aguirre-Samboní, Giann K., Franco Morales, Juan C., Malamud, Shahar, Gavriel, Tal, Buba, Yehezkel, Salingré, Shira, Lazarus, Mai, Yahel, Ruthy, Ben Ari, Yigael, Miller, Eyal, Sade, Rotem, Lavian, Guy, Birman, Ziv, Gury, Manor, Baz, Harel, Baskin, Ilia, Penn, Alon, Dolev, Amit, Licht, Ogen, Karkom, Tabi, Davidzon, Sharon, Berkovitch, Avi, Yaakov, Ofer, Manenti, Raoul, Mori, Emiliano, Ficetola, Gentile Francesco, Lunghi, Enrico, March, David, Godley, Brendan J., Martin, Cecilia, Mihaly, Steven F., Barclay, David R., Thomson, Dugald J.M., Dewey, Richard, Bedard, Jeannette, Miller, Aroha, Dearden, Amber, Chapman, Jennifer, Dares, Lauren, Borden, Laura, Gibbs, Donna, Schultz, Jessica, Sergeenko, Nikita, Francis, Fiona, Weltman, Amanda, Moity, Nicolas, Ramírez-González, Jorge, Mucientes, Gonzalo, Alonso-Fernández, Alexandre, Namir, Itai, Bar-Massada, Avi, Chen, Ron, Yedvab, Shmulik, Okey, Thomas A., Oppel, Steffen, Arkumarev, Volen, Bakari, Samuel, Dobrev, Vladimir, Saravia-Mullin, Victoria, Bounas, Anastasios, Kret, Elzbieta, Mengistu, Solomon, Pourchier, Cloé, Ruffo, Alazar, Tesfaye, Million, Wondafrash, Mengistu, Nikolov, Stoyan C., Palmer, Charles, Sileci, Lorenzo, Rex, Patrick T., Lowe, Christopher G., Peters, Francesc, Pine, Matthew K., Radford, Craig A, Wilson, Louise, McWhinnie, Lauren, Scuderi, Alessia, Jeffs, Andrew G., Prudic, Kathleen L., Larrivée, Maxim, McFarland, Kent P., Solis, Rodrigo, Hutchinson, Rebecca A., Queiroz, Nuno, Furtado, Miguel A., Sims, David W., Southall, Emily, Quesada-Rodriguez, Claudio A., Diaz-Orozco, Jessica P., Rodgers, Ku'ulei S., Severino, Sarah J.L., Graham, Andrew, Stefanak, Matthew P., Madin, Elizabeth M.P., Ryan, Peter G., Maclean, Kyle, Weideman, Eleanor A., Sekercioğlu, Cağan H., Kittelberger, Kyle D., Kusak, Josip, Seminoff, Jeffrey A., Hanna, Megan E., Shimada, Takahiro, Meekan, Mark G., Smith, Martin, Mokhatla, Mohlamatsane M., Soh, Malcolm C.K., Pang, Roanna Y.T., Ng, Breyl X.K., Lee, Benjamin P.Y.-H., Loo, Adrian H.B., Er, Kenneth B.H., Souza, Gabriel B.G., Stallings, Christopher D., Curtis, Joseph S., Faletti, Meaghan E., Peake, Jonathan A., Schram, Michael J., Wall, Kara R., Terry, Carina, Rothendler, Matt, Zipf, Lucy, Ulloa, Juan Sebastián, Hernández-Palma, Angélica, Gómez-Valencia, Bibiana, Cruz-Rodríguez, Cristian, Herrera-Varón, Yenifer, Roa, Margarita, Rodríguez-Buriticá, Susana, Ochoa-Quintero, Jose Manuel, Vardi, Reut, Vázquez, Víctor, Requena-Mesa, Christian, Warrington, Miyako H., Taylor, Michelle E., Woodall, Lucy C., Stefanoudis, Paris V., Zhang, Xiangliang, Yang, Qiang, Zukerman, Yuval, Sigal, Zehava, Ayali, Amir, Clua, Eric, Carzon, Pamela, Seguine, Clementine, Corradini, Andrea, Pedrotti, Luca, Foley, Catherine M., Gagnon, Catherine Alexandra, Panipakoochoo, Elijah, Milanes, Celene B., Botero, Camilo M., Velázquez, Yunior R., Milchakova, Nataliya A., Morley, Simon A., Martin, Stephanie M., Nanni, Veronica, Otero, Tania, Wakeling, Julia, Abarro, Sarah, Piou, Cyril, et al., Bates, Amanda E., Primack, Richard B., Biggar, Brandy S., Bird, Thomas J., Clinton, Mary E., Command, Rylan J., Richards, Cerren, Shellard, Marc, Geraldi, Nathan R., Vergara, Valeria, Acevedo-Charry, Orlando, Colón-Piñeiro, Zuania, Ocampo, David, Ocampo-Peñuela, Natalia, Sánchez-Clavijo, Lina M., Adamescu, Cristian M., Cheval, Sorin, Racoviceanu, Tudor, Adams, Matthew D., Kalisa, Egide, Kuuire, Vincent Z., Aditya, Vikram, Anderwald, Pia, Wiesmann, Samuel, Wipf, Sonja, Badihi, Gal, Henderson, Matthew G., Loetscher, Hanspeter, Baerenfaller, Katja, Benedetti-Cecchi, Lisandro, Bulleri, Fabio, Bertocci, Lacopo, Maggi, Elena, Rindi, Luca, Ravaglioli, Chiara, Boerder, Kristina, Bonnel, Julien, Mathias, Delphine, Archambault, Philippe, Chauvaud, Laurent, Braun, Camrin D., Thorrold, Simon R., Brownscombe, Jacob W., Midwood, Jonathan D., Boston, Christine M., Brooks, Jill L., Cooke, Steven J., China, Victor, Roll, Uri, Belmaker, Jonathan, Zvuloni, Assaf, Coll, Marta, Ortega, Miquel, Connors, Brendan, Lacko, Lisa, Jayathilake, Dinusha R.M., Costello, Mark J., Crimmins, Theresa M., Barnett, LoriAnne, Denny, Ellen G., Gerst, Katharine L., Marsh, R.L., Posthumus, Erin E., Rodriguez, Reilly, Rosemartin, Alyssa, Schaffer, Sara N., Switzer, Jeff R., Wong, Kevin, Cunningham, Susan J., Sumasgutner, Petra, Amar, Arjun, Thomson, Robert L., Stofberg, Miqkayla, Hofmeyr, Sally, Suri, Jessleena, Stuart-Smith, Rick D., Day, Paul B., Edgar, Graham J., Cooper, Antonia T., Cabrera De Leo, Fabio, Garner, Grant, Des Brisay, Paulson G., Schrimpf, Michael B., Koper, Nicola, Diamond, Michael S., Dwyer, Ross G., Baker, Cameron J, Franklin, Craig E., Efrat, Ron, Berger-Tal, Oded, Hatzofe, Ohad, Eguíluz, Víctor M., Rodríguez, Jorge P., Fernández-Gracia, Juan, Elustondo, David, Calatayud, Vicent, English, Philina A., Archer, Stephanie K., Dudas, Sarah E., Haggarty, Dana R., Gallagher, Austin J., Shea, Brandan D., Shipley, Oliver N., Gilby, Ben L., Ballantyne, Jasmine, Olds, Andrew D., Henderson, Christopher J., Schlacher, Thomas A., Halliday, William D., Brown, Nicholas A.W., Woods, Mackenzie B., Balshine, Sigal, Juanes, Francis, Rider, Mitchell J., Albano, Patricia S., Hammerschlag, Neil, Hays, Graeme C., Esteban, Nicole, Pan, Yuhang, He, Guojun, Tanaka, Takanao, Hensel, Marc J.S., Orth, Robert J., Patrick, Christopher J., Hentati-Sundberg, Jonas, Olsson, Olof, Hessing-Lewis, Margot L., Higgs, Nicholas D., McMahon, Clive R., Harcourt, Rob, Guinet, Christophe, Hirsch, Sarah E., Perrault, Justin R., Hoover, Shelby R., Reilly, Jennifer D., Hobaiter, Catherine, Gruber, Thibaud, Huveneers, Charlie, Udyawer, Vinay, Clarke, Thomas M., Kroesen, Laura P., Hik, David S., Cherry, Seth G., Del Bel Belluz, Justin A., Jackson, Jennifer M., Lai, Shengjie, Lamb, Clayton T., LeClair, Gregory D., Parmelee, Jeffrey R., Chatfield, Matthew W.H., Frederick, Cheryl A., Lee, Sangdon, Park, Hyomin, Choi, Jaein, LeTourneux, Frédéric, Grandmont, Thierry, Dulude de-Broin, Frédéric, Bêty, Joël, Gauthier, Gilles, Legagneux, Pierre, Lewis, Jesse S., Haight, Jeffrey, Liu, Zhu, Lyon, Jarod P., Hale, Robin, D'Silva, Dallas, MacGregor-Fors, Ian, Arbelaez-Cortes, Enrique, Estela, Felipe A., Sánchez-Sarria, Camilo E., García-Arroyo, Michelle, Aguirre-Samboní, Giann K., Franco Morales, Juan C., Malamud, Shahar, Gavriel, Tal, Buba, Yehezkel, Salingré, Shira, Lazarus, Mai, Yahel, Ruthy, Ben Ari, Yigael, Miller, Eyal, Sade, Rotem, Lavian, Guy, Birman, Ziv, Gury, Manor, Baz, Harel, Baskin, Ilia, Penn, Alon, Dolev, Amit, Licht, Ogen, Karkom, Tabi, Davidzon, Sharon, Berkovitch, Avi, Yaakov, Ofer, Manenti, Raoul, Mori, Emiliano, Ficetola, Gentile Francesco, Lunghi, Enrico, March, David, Godley, Brendan J., Martin, Cecilia, Mihaly, Steven F., Barclay, David R., Thomson, Dugald J.M., Dewey, Richard, Bedard, Jeannette, Miller, Aroha, Dearden, Amber, Chapman, Jennifer, Dares, Lauren, Borden, Laura, Gibbs, Donna, Schultz, Jessica, Sergeenko, Nikita, Francis, Fiona, Weltman, Amanda, Moity, Nicolas, Ramírez-González, Jorge, Mucientes, Gonzalo, Alonso-Fernández, Alexandre, Namir, Itai, Bar-Massada, Avi, Chen, Ron, Yedvab, Shmulik, Okey, Thomas A., Oppel, Steffen, Arkumarev, Volen, Bakari, Samuel, Dobrev, Vladimir, Saravia-Mullin, Victoria, Bounas, Anastasios, Kret, Elzbieta, Mengistu, Solomon, Pourchier, Cloé, Ruffo, Alazar, Tesfaye, Million, Wondafrash, Mengistu, Nikolov, Stoyan C., Palmer, Charles, Sileci, Lorenzo, Rex, Patrick T., Lowe, Christopher G., Peters, Francesc, Pine, Matthew K., Radford, Craig A, Wilson, Louise, McWhinnie, Lauren, Scuderi, Alessia, Jeffs, Andrew G., Prudic, Kathleen L., Larrivée, Maxim, McFarland, Kent P., Solis, Rodrigo, Hutchinson, Rebecca A., Queiroz, Nuno, Furtado, Miguel A., Sims, David W., Southall, Emily, Quesada-Rodriguez, Claudio A., Diaz-Orozco, Jessica P., Rodgers, Ku'ulei S., Severino, Sarah J.L., Graham, Andrew, Stefanak, Matthew P., Madin, Elizabeth M.P., Ryan, Peter G., Maclean, Kyle, Weideman, Eleanor A., Sekercioğlu, Cağan H., Kittelberger, Kyle D., Kusak, Josip, Seminoff, Jeffrey A., Hanna, Megan E., Shimada, Takahiro, Meekan, Mark G., Smith, Martin, Mokhatla, Mohlamatsane M., Soh, Malcolm C.K., Pang, Roanna Y.T., Ng, Breyl X.K., Lee, Benjamin P.Y.-H., Loo, Adrian H.B., Er, Kenneth B.H., Souza, Gabriel B.G., Stallings, Christopher D., Curtis, Joseph S., Faletti, Meaghan E., Peake, Jonathan A., Schram, Michael J., Wall, Kara R., Terry, Carina, Rothendler, Matt, Zipf, Lucy, Ulloa, Juan Sebastián, Hernández-Palma, Angélica, Gómez-Valencia, Bibiana, Cruz-Rodríguez, Cristian, Herrera-Varón, Yenifer, Roa, Margarita, Rodríguez-Buriticá, Susana, Ochoa-Quintero, Jose Manuel, Vardi, Reut, Vázquez, Víctor, Requena-Mesa, Christian, Warrington, Miyako H., Taylor, Michelle E., Woodall, Lucy C., Stefanoudis, Paris V., Zhang, Xiangliang, Yang, Qiang, Zukerman, Yuval, Sigal, Zehava, Ayali, Amir, Clua, Eric, Carzon, Pamela, Seguine, Clementine, Corradini, Andrea, Pedrotti, Luca, Foley, Catherine M., Gagnon, Catherine Alexandra, Panipakoochoo, Elijah, Milanes, Celene B., Botero, Camilo M., Velázquez, Yunior R., Milchakova, Nataliya A., Morley, Simon A., Martin, Stephanie M., Nanni, Veronica, Otero, Tania, Wakeling, Julia, Abarro, Sarah, Piou, Cyril, and et al.

Abstract

The global lockdown to mitigate COVID-19 pandemic health risks has altered human interactions with nature. Here, we report immediate impacts of changes in human activities on wildlife and environmental threats during the early lockdown months of 2020, based on 877 qualitative reports and 332 quantitative assessments from 89 different studies. Hundreds of reports of unusual species observations from around the world suggest that animals quickly responded to the reductions in human presence. However, negative effects of lockdown on conservation also emerged, as confinement resulted in some park officials being unable to perform conservation, restoration and enforcement tasks, resulting in local increases in illegal activities such as hunting. Overall, there is a complex mixture of positive and negative effects of the pandemic lockdown on nature, all of which have the potential to lead to cascading responses which in turn impact wildlife and nature conservation. While the net effect of the lockdown will need to be assessed over years as data becomes available and persistent effects emerge, immediate responses were detected across the world. Thus, initial qualitative and quantitative data arising from this serendipitous global quasi-experimental perturbation highlights the dual role that humans play in threatening and protecting species and ecosystems. Pathways to favorably tilt this delicate balance include reducing impacts and increasing conservation effectiveness.

Published
2021

8. Incorporating physiology into species distribution models moderates the projected impact of warming on selected Mediterranean marine species

Author

Gamliel, Inbal, Buba, Yehezkel, Guy-Haim, Tamar, Garval, Tal, Willette, Demian, Rilov, Gil, Belmaker, Jonathan, Gamliel, Inbal, Buba, Yehezkel, Guy-Haim, Tamar, Garval, Tal, Willette, Demian, Rilov, Gil, and Belmaker, Jonathan

Abstract

Species distribution models (SDMs) correlate species occurrences with environmental predictors, and can be used to forecast distributions under future climates. SDMs have been criticized for not explicitly including the physiological processes underlying the species response to the environment. Recently, new methods have been suggested to combine SDMs with physiological estimates of performance (physiology-SDMs). In this study, we compare SDM and physiology-SDM predictions for select marine species in the Mediterranean Sea, a region subjected to exceptionally rapid climate change. We focused on six species and created physiology-SDMs that incorporate physiological thermal performance curves from experimental data with species occurrence records. We then contrasted projections of SDMs and physiology-SDMs under future climate (year 2100) for the entire Mediterranean Sea, and particularly the ‘warm’ trailing edge in the Levant region. Across the Mediterranean, we found cross-validation model performance to be similar for regular SDMs and physiology-SDMs. However, we also show that for around half the species the physiology-SDMs substantially outperform regular SDM in the warm Levant. Moreover, for all species the uncertainty associated with the coefficients estimated from the physiology-SDMs were much lower than in the regular SDMs. Under future climate, we find that both SDMs and physiology-SDMs showed similar patterns, with species predicted to shift their distribution north-west in accordance with warming sea temperatures. However, for the physiology-SDMs predicted distributional changes are more moderate than those predicted by regular SDMs. We conclude, that while physiology-SDM predictions generally agree with the regular SDMs, incorporation of the physiological data led to less extreme range shift forecasts. The results suggest that climate-induced range shifts may be less drastic than previously predicted, and thus most species are unlikely to completely disapp

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. Incorporating physiology into species distribution models moderates the projected impact of warming on selected Mediterranean marine species

Author

Gamliel, Inbal, Buba, Yehezkel, Guy-Haim, Tamar, Garval, Tal, Willette, Demian, Rilov, Gil, Belmaker, Jonathan, Gamliel, Inbal, Buba, Yehezkel, Guy-Haim, Tamar, Garval, Tal, Willette, Demian, Rilov, Gil, and Belmaker, Jonathan

Abstract

Species distribution models (SDMs) correlate species occurrences with environmental predictors, and can be used to forecast distributions under future climates. SDMs have been criticized for not explicitly including the physiological processes underlying the species response to the environment. Recently, new methods have been suggested to combine SDMs with physiological estimates of performance (physiology-SDMs). In this study, we compare SDM and physiology-SDM predictions for select marine species in the Mediterranean Sea, a region subjected to exceptionally rapid climate change. We focused on six species and created physiology-SDMs that incorporate physiological thermal performance curves from experimental data with species occurrence records. We then contrasted projections of SDMs and physiology-SDMs under future climate (year 2100) for the entire Mediterranean Sea, and particularly the ‘warm’ trailing edge in the Levant region. Across the Mediterranean, we found cross-validation model performance to be similar for regular SDMs and physiology-SDMs. However, we also show that for around half the species the physiology-SDMs substantially outperform regular SDM in the warm Levant. Moreover, for all species the uncertainty associated with the coefficients estimated from the physiology-SDMs were much lower than in the regular SDMs. Under future climate, we find that both SDMs and physiology-SDMs showed similar patterns, with species predicted to shift their distribution north-west in accordance with warming sea temperatures. However, for the physiology-SDMs predicted distributional changes are more moderate than those predicted by regular SDMs. We conclude, that while physiology-SDM predictions generally agree with the regular SDMs, incorporation of the physiological data led to less extreme range shift forecasts. The results suggest that climate-induced range shifts may be less drastic than previously predicted, and thus most species are unlikely to completely disapp

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. Incorporating physiology into species distribution models moderates the projected impact of warming on selected Mediterranean marine species

Author

Gamliel, Inbal, Buba, Yehezkel, Guy-Haim, Tamar, Garval, Tal, Willette, Demian, Rilov, Gil, Belmaker, Jonathan, Gamliel, Inbal, Buba, Yehezkel, Guy-Haim, Tamar, Garval, Tal, Willette, Demian, Rilov, Gil, and Belmaker, Jonathan

Abstract

Species distribution models (SDMs) correlate species occurrences with environmental predictors, and can be used to forecast distributions under future climates. SDMs have been criticized for not explicitly including the physiological processes underlying the species response to the environment. Recently, new methods have been suggested to combine SDMs with physiological estimates of performance (physiology-SDMs). In this study, we compare SDM and physiology-SDM predictions for select marine species in the Mediterranean Sea, a region subjected to exceptionally rapid climate change. We focused on six species and created physiology-SDMs that incorporate physiological thermal performance curves from experimental data with species occurrence records. We then contrasted projections of SDMs and physiology-SDMs under future climate (year 2100) for the entire Mediterranean Sea, and particularly the ‘warm’ trailing edge in the Levant region. Across the Mediterranean, we found cross-validation model performance to be similar for regular SDMs and physiology-SDMs. However, we also show that for around half the species the physiology-SDMs substantially outperform regular SDM in the warm Levant. Moreover, for all species the uncertainty associated with the coefficients estimated from the physiology-SDMs were much lower than in the regular SDMs. Under future climate, we find that both SDMs and physiology-SDMs showed similar patterns, with species predicted to shift their distribution north-west in accordance with warming sea temperatures. However, for the physiology-SDMs predicted distributional changes are more moderate than those predicted by regular SDMs. We conclude, that while physiology-SDM predictions generally agree with the regular SDMs, incorporation of the physiological data led to less extreme range shift forecasts. The results suggest that climate-induced range shifts may be less drastic than previously predicted, and thus most species are unlikely to completely disapp

Published
2020
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