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It is known that the multiplication of an N × M matrix with an M × P matrix can be performed using fewer multiplications than what the naive NMP approach suggests. The most famous instance of this is Strassen’s algorithm for multiplying 2× 2 matrices in 7 instead of 8 multiplications. This gives rise to the constraint satisfaction problem of fast matrix multiplication, where a set of R < NMP multiplication terms must be chosen and combined such that they satisfy correctness constraints on the output matrix. Despite its highly combinatorial nature, this problem has not been exhaustively examined from that perspective, as evidenced for example by the recent deep reinforcement learning approach of AlphaTensor. In this work, we propose a simple yet novel Constraint Programming approach to find algorithms for fast matrix multiplication or provide proof of infeasibility otherwise. We propose a set of symmetry-breaking constraints and valid inequalities that are particularly helpful in proving infeasibility. On the feasible side, we find that exploiting solver performance variability in conjunction with a sparsity-based problem decomposition enables finding solutions for larger (feasible) instances of fast matrix multiplication. Our experimental results using CP Optimizer demonstrate that we can find fast matrix multiplication algorithms for matrices up to 3× 3 with R = 23 in a short amount of time.

The rapid advance in artificial intelligence technology has facilitated the prosperity of digital humanities research. Against such backdrop, research methods need to be transformed in the intelligent processing of ancient texts, which is a crucial component of digital humanities research, so as to adapt to new development trends in the wave of AIGC. In this study, we propose a GPT model called SikuGPT based on the corpus of Siku Quanshu. The model's performance in tasks such as intralingual translation and text classification exceeds that of other GPT-type models aimed at processing ancient texts. SikuGPT's ability to process traditional Chinese ancient texts can help promote the organization of ancient information and knowledge services, as well as the international dissemination of Chinese ancient culture., Comment: 20 pages,1 figure

The 13th Symposium on Polar Science/Ordinary sessions [OA] Antarctic meteorites, Thu. 17 Nov.

The 13th Symposium on Polar Science/Ordinary sessions [OA] Antarctic meteorites, Thu. 17 Nov.

The 13th Symposium on Polar Science/Ordinary sessions [OA] Antarctic meteorites, Thu. 17 Nov.

The 13th Symposium on Polar Science/Ordinary sessions [OA] Antarctic meteorites, Thu. 17 Nov.

According to statistics, in the 185 countries' 36 types of cancer, the morbidity and mortality of lung cancer take the first place, and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 85% of lung cancer (International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2018), (Bray et al., 2018). Significantly in many developing countries, limited medical resources and excess population seriously affect the diagnosis and treatment of alung cancer patients. The 21st century is an era of life medicine, big data, and information technology. Synthetic biology is known as the driving force of natural product innovation and research in this era. Based on the research of NSCLC targeted drugs, through the cross-fusion of synthetic biology and artificial intelligence, using the idea of bioengineering, we construct an artificial intelligence assisted medical system and propose a drug selection framework for the personalized selection of NSCLC patients. Under the premise of ensuring the efficacy, considering the economic cost of targeted drugs as an auxiliary decision-making factor, the system predicts the drug effectiveness-cost then. The experiment shows that our method can rely on the provided clinical data to screen drug treatment programs suitable for the patient's conditions and assist doctors in making an efficient diagnosis.

Freestanding membrane electrodes with a high electrocatalytic activity and stability are desirable for use in high-performance metal-air batteries. Here, we report a gas-phase fluorination-assisted method to anchor single atom Fe-Nx moieties on a freestanding single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) film that involves fluorination and defluorination/ammoniation processes. It is shown that the fluorination followed by defluorination/ammoniation harvests Fe atoms from the residual Fe nanoparticles used for SWCNT growth to form high density of Fe-Nx active sites, while retaining the flexibility, integrity and high quality of the films so that they can be directly used as a bifunctional oxygen electrode for rechargeable Zn-Air batteries. The single-atom Fe-Nx loaded SWCNT film shows an even better catalytic activity than commercial Pt/C-Ir/C catalysts, and an assembled Zn-Air battery using it exhibits a low charge-discharge voltage gap of 0.84 V under 20 mA/cm2, a high peak power density of 210 mW/cm2, and excellent long-time cycling stability. In addition, a flexible all-solid-state Zn-Air battery was assembled which has a stable open circuit voltage when bent to different angles.

There is no unified definition of Data anomalies, which refers to the specific data operation mode that may violate the consistency of the database. Known data anomalies include Dirty Write, Dirty Read, Non-repeatable Read, Phantom, Read Skew and Write Skew, etc. In order to improve the efficiency of concurrency control algorithms, data anomalies are also used to define the isolation levels, because the weak isolation level can improve the efficiency of transaction processing systems. This paper systematically studies the data anomalies and the corresponding isolation levels. We report twenty-two new data anomalies that other papers have not reported, and all data anomalies are classified miraculously. Based on the classification of data anomalies, two new isolation levels systems with different granularity are proposed, which reveals the rule of defining isolation levels based on data anomalies and makes the cognition of data anomalies and isolation levels more concise.

Freestanding membrane electrodes with a high electrocatalytic activity and stability are desirable for use in high-performance metal-air batteries. Here, we report a gas-phase fluorination-assisted method to anchor single atom Fe-Nx moieties on a freestanding single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) film that involves fluorination and defluorination/ammoniation processes. It is shown that the fluorination followed by defluorination/ammoniation harvests Fe atoms from the residual Fe nanoparticles used for SWCNT growth to form high density of Fe-Nx active sites, while retaining the flexibility, integrity and high quality of the films so that they can be directly used as a bifunctional oxygen electrode for rechargeable Zn-Air batteries. The single-atom Fe-Nx loaded SWCNT film shows an even better catalytic activity than commercial Pt/C-Ir/C catalysts, and an assembled Zn-Air battery using it exhibits a low charge-discharge voltage gap of 0.84 V under 20 mA/cm2, a high peak power density of 210 mW/cm2, and excellent long-time cycling stability. In addition, a flexible all-solid-state Zn-Air battery was assembled which has a stable open circuit voltage when bent to different angles.

Акустичнi методи зондування атмосфери дозволяють при невеликих витратах в on-line режимi вiдслiдковувати метеорологiчну ситуацiю в атмосферному граничному шарi. Актуальнiсть розвитку даних методiв визначається необхiднiстю монiторингу навколишнього середовища в умовах зростання техногенного навантаження. Акустичнi хвилi значно чутливiшi до змiн параметрiв повiтря, нiж електромагнiтнi. Однак в даний час ефективнiсть акустичних систем зондування, у порiвняннi з лазерними, тепловими та iншими системами вiдносно невисока. Розвиток методу акустичного зондування має два напрямки: вдосконалення теоретичних описiв взаємодiї акустичних хвиль з атмосферою i вдосконалення технiки зондування. Тому оцiнка найбiльш перспективних шляхiв вимагає детального аналiзу сучасного стану, як теоретичних основ, так i технiчних реалiзацiй методу. В роботi показано, що сучаснi акустичнi локатори виконанi на високому технiчному рiвнi i в даний час основна проблема методу полягає у вiдсутностi адекватної теорiї обробки отриманої iнформацiї. У роботi сформульованi найбiльш актуальнi завдання розвитку методу на сучасному етапi. Вони вiдносяться до зворотних завдань фундаментальних проблем теорiї розсiювання звуку в неоднорiдному рухомому середовищi. Тому в даний час для вирiшення прикладних питань потрiбен ряд послiдовних поступальних крокiв у напрямку адаптацiї вже наявних досягнень до використання в системах акустичного зондування. Серед актуальних завдань, якi можуть отримати розвиток на сучасному етапi, можна видiлити найбiльш важливi. Це уточнення моделей вiдбиття акустичних хвиль в стiйкому атмосферному граничному шарi в перiод нiчних iнверсiй температури. Проведено аналiз можливостей багатопроменевого зондування при рiзних фазових спiввiдношеннях в зондуючих сигналах та аналiз перспектив використання модульованих зондуючих сигналiв. Природно, що крiм перерахованих, iснують i бiльш складнi завдання. До них вiдноситься, наприклад, аналiз вiдбиття у стискаємому середовищi, або оптимiзацiя вих, Acoustic methods of atmosphere sounding allow us to track the meteorological situation in the atmospheric boundary layer at low costs on-line. The urgency of the these methods development is determined by the need to monitor the environment in conditions of man-caused load increasing. Acoustic waves are much more sensitive to changes in air parameters than electromagnetic waves. However, at present, their effectiveness, compared with laser, thermal and other systems is relatively low. The development of the acoustic sounding method has two directions: the improvement of theoretical descriptions of the interaction of acoustic waves with the atmosphere and the improvement of sounding techniques. Therefore, the evaluation of the most promising paths requires a detailed analysis of the current state, both theoretical foundations and technical implementations of the method. The paper shows that modern acoustic locators are performed at a high technical level and at present the main problem of the method is the lack of an adequate theory of processing the information obtained. The most urgent problems of the method development at the present stage are formulated in the work. They relate to the inverse problems of the fundamental problems of the theory of sound scattering in an inhomogeneous moving medium. Therefore, at present, a number of consecutive progressive steps are required to solve applied problems in the direction of adapting existing achievements to the use in sodar’s systems. Among the urgent tasks that can be developed at the current stage, we can identify the most important. This is a refinement of models of acoustic waves reflection in a stable atmospheric boundary layer in the period of nighttime temperature inversions. Analysis of multi-path probing possibilities for various phase relationships in emitted signals is carried out. Analysis of the prospects for the use of modulated sounding signals is conducted. Naturally, in addition to the above, there are, Развитие метода акустического зондирования имеет два направления: совершенствование теоретических описаний взаимодействия акустических волн с атмосферой и совершенствование техники зондирования. Поэтому оценка наиболее перспективных путей требует детального анализа современного состояния как теоретических основ, так и технических реализаций метода. В работе показано, что современные акустические локаторы выполнены на высоком техническом уровне и в настоящее время основная проблема метода состоит в отсутствии адекватной теории обработки полученной информации. Ее построение требует анализа ряда обратных задач рассеяния звука в неоднородной движущейся среде. В перспективе требуется уточнение теоретических основ рассеяния звука в неоднородной среде и динамики атмосферного пограничного слоя.

Акустичнi методи зондування атмосфери дозволяють при невеликих витратах в on-line режимi вiдслiдковувати метеорологiчну ситуацiю в атмосферному граничному шарi. Актуальнiсть розвитку даних методiв визначається необхiднiстю монiторингу навколишнього середовища в умовах зростання техногенного навантаження. Акустичнi хвилi значно чутливiшi до змiн параметрiв повiтря, нiж електромагнiтнi. Однак в даний час ефективнiсть акустичних систем зондування, у порiвняннi з лазерними, тепловими та iншими системами вiдносно невисока. Розвиток методу акустичного зондування має два напрямки: вдосконалення теоретичних описiв взаємодiї акустичних хвиль з атмосферою i вдосконалення технiки зондування. Тому оцiнка найбiльш перспективних шляхiв вимагає детального аналiзу сучасного стану, як теоретичних основ, так i технiчних реалiзацiй методу. В роботi показано, що сучаснi акустичнi локатори виконанi на високому технiчному рiвнi i в даний час основна проблема методу полягає у вiдсутностi адекватної теорiї обробки отриманої iнформацiї. У роботi сформульованi найбiльш актуальнi завдання розвитку методу на сучасному етапi. Вони вiдносяться до зворотних завдань фундаментальних проблем теорiї розсiювання звуку в неоднорiдному рухомому середовищi. Тому в даний час для вирiшення прикладних питань потрiбен ряд послiдовних поступальних крокiв у напрямку адаптацiї вже наявних досягнень до використання в системах акустичного зондування. Серед актуальних завдань, якi можуть отримати розвиток на сучасному етапi, можна видiлити найбiльш важливi. Це уточнення моделей вiдбиття акустичних хвиль в стiйкому атмосферному граничному шарi в перiод нiчних iнверсiй температури. Проведено аналiз можливостей багатопроменевого зондування при рiзних фазових спiввiдношеннях в зондуючих сигналах та аналiз перспектив використання модульованих зондуючих сигналiв. Природно, що крiм перерахованих, iснують i бiльш складнi завдання. До них вiдноситься, наприклад, аналiз вiдбиття у стискаємому середовищi, або оптимiзацiя вих

Media construction of major terrorist attacks has received much attention ever since the 1970s in the field of Communication Sciences. Recently, investigations of media participation in the framing process of terrorist attacks have highlighted media’s role in the meaning-making of the attacks and the construction of identity, opposition and confrontation after the attack, indicating the relations of media to the attacked country, the authorities, the readership and terrorism. This thesis tries to analyze a specific discursive phenomenon “country-bashing” in a relational way with other discourses in terms of identity construction and value conflicts in media construction of the terrorist attacks in London (2005) and Paris (November 2015). The aim is to investigate how country-bashing is related to the core idea of media framing of the terrorist attacks. We start from identifying the emphasized frames with quantitative thematic analysis and cluster analysis on four British national daily newspapers, and the case studies of two terrorist attacks are conducted with a discursive approach of framing analysis.In this thesis, eight emphasized frames are identified, which consist a schematic model of media construction of terrorist attacks. The case study on London attacks reveals that country-bashing is focused on political actors and religious minority (suspected community), which facilitates the problem definition and responsibility attribution and finally promote the framing of “war provokes revenge”. In the case of the Paris attacks, France-bashing is a dynamic discursive system which contains an interplay of different types of bashing, shifting with the interpretative framework of event construction (from local context to European context).The thesis concluds that the phenomenon of “country-bashing” is a dynamic (re)construction of relations among the people, the country and the “other”. We summarize 4 types bashing within this discursive system, which are actor countr, Doctorat en Information et communication, info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Мікрохвильові сенсори знаходять все більш широке використання в різних галузях. Сенсори стають все більш складними, методи їх опису стають все більш прецизійними. У роботі наведена спрощена модель опису ближнього поля коаксіального сенсора. Надані обгрунтування спрощення аналітичного рішення, розглянуті компоненти поля в робочій області і проаналізовано розподіл поля в робочій області. Показані результати порівняння розподілів компонент електромагнітного поля поблизу апертури, отримані на підставі суворої і спрощеної моделей. Проникнення поля у зразок у першому наближенні відповідає радіальному розподілу. Просторова роздільна здатність сенсора, як по радіусу, так і по глибині зразка визначається діаметром центрального провідника або розміром щілини. Варіюючи форму апертури можна змінювати характеристики сенсора, оптимально підбираючи їх під апріорно відомі властивості зразків.

В роботі показана методика отримання інтегрального рівняння поля в площині апертури сенсора, що дозволяє строго розв’язати задачу визначення параметрів сенсора, або при використанні наближення заданого поля обчислити їх з високим ступенем точності. Це є основою подальшого аналізу параметрів сенсорів на якісному рівне, а також їх практичного розрахунку. Показано критерії використання наближення і можливості норміровки задачі.

Microwave sensors find wider and wider application in the different domain. The sensors design became more complicated, the methods of their description became more exact.The paper presents a simplified model for describing the near field of a coaxial sensor. There was given grounding of analytical solution simplification, considered fields components in the working area and analyzed field in the working area distribution. The results of a comparison of the distributions of the electromagnetic field components near the aperture are shown, obtained on the basis of a rigorous and simplified model. The field intrusion into the sample at first approximation corresponds to radial distribution. The spatial resolving ability of the sensor, both along the radius and the depth of the sample, is determined by the diameter of the central conductor or by the size of the slit. By varying the shape of the aperture, it is possible to change the characteristics of the sensor, optimally selecting them for a priori known properties of the sample., В работе представлена упрощенная модель описания ближнего поля коаксиального сенсора. Показаны результаты сравнения распределений компонент электромагнитного поля вблизи апертуры, полученные на основании строгой и упрощенной моделей. Пространственная разрешающая способность сенсора, как по радиусу, так и по глубине образца определяется диаметром центрального проводника или размером щели. Варьируя форму апертуры можно изменять характеристики сенсора, оптимально подбирая их под априорно известные свойства образцов., Мікрохвильові сенсори знаходять все більш широке використання в різних галузях. Сенсори стають все більш складними, методи їх опису стають все більш прецизійними. У роботі наведена спрощена модель опису ближнього поля коаксіального сенсора. Надані обгрунтування спрощення аналітичного рішення, розглянуті компоненти поля в робочій області і проаналізовано розподіл поля в робочій області. Показані результати порівняння розподілів компонент електромагнітного поля поблизу апертури, отримані на підставі суворої і спрощеної моделей. Проникнення поля у зразок у першому наближенні відповідає радіальному розподілу. Просторова роздільна здатність сенсора, як по радіусу, так і по глибині зразка визначається діаметром центрального провідника або розміром щілини. Варіюючи форму апертури можна змінювати характеристики сенсора, оптимально підбираючи їх під апріорно відомі властивості зразків.

With the passage of time and the advancement of our industrial civilization, environmental concerns have become more and more recognized since the 1990s. Carbon dioxide reduction reactions are capable of converting carbon dioxide into valuable hydrocarbons and reducing the carbon emission from the combustion of fossil fuels. This is a promising direction for sustainable energy resources given that the scarcity of fossil fuels is becoming more threatening to the survival of mankind. In recent years, oxide-derived metal nanostructures have been synthesized and show unique catalytic features. Recently, Sloan et al. synthesized a novel oxide-derived copper nanocube structure, which showed a high selectivity toward ethylene over methane and low overpotentials. In this work, the presence of subsurface oxygen in the catalyst surface is tested with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, as a complement to experimental x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Due to limitations on the scale of modeling with DFT, the results indicate a very low stability of subsurface oxygen, which give rise to a question if subsurface oxygen would be stable with a reasonably large cluster model. Self-consistent charge density functional tight binding (SCC-DFTB) is adopted to investigate a nanocube model. In this model, a manually reduced cuprious oxide nanocube is constructed and investigated. Subsurface oxygen atoms close to facets are found to be more stable inside. A higher degree of disorder is proposed to be the cause of this difference in stabilizing subsurface oxygen atoms between the slab and nanocube models. The presence of subsurface oxygen enhances the adsorption of CO on the Cu(100) surface, increasing the likelihood for adsorbed CO molecules to dimerize, which is the rate determining step for ethylene production on Cu(100) under low-overpotential conditions. With subsurface electronegative atoms such as oxygen or fluorine, it is also found that the d-band scaling relation could

With the passage of time and the advancement of our industrial civilization, environmental concerns have become more and more recognized since the 1990s. Carbon dioxide reduction reactions are capable of converting carbon dioxide into valuable hydrocarbons and reducing the carbon emission from the combustion of fossil fuels. This is a promising direction for sustainable energy resources given that the scarcity of fossil fuels is becoming more threatening to the survival of mankind. In recent years, oxide-derived metal nanostructures have been synthesized and show unique catalytic features. Recently, Sloan et al. synthesized a novel oxide-derived copper nanocube structure, which showed a high selectivity toward ethylene over methane and low overpotentials. In this work, the presence of subsurface oxygen in the catalyst surface is tested with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, as a complement to experimental x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Due to limitations on the scale of modeling with DFT, the results indicate a very low stability of subsurface oxygen, which give rise to a question if subsurface oxygen would be stable with a reasonably large cluster model. Self-consistent charge density functional tight binding (SCC-DFTB) is adopted to investigate a nanocube model. In this model, a manually reduced cuprious oxide nanocube is constructed and investigated. Subsurface oxygen atoms close to facets are found to be more stable inside. A higher degree of disorder is proposed to be the cause of this difference in stabilizing subsurface oxygen atoms between the slab and nanocube models. The presence of subsurface oxygen enhances the adsorption of CO on the Cu(100) surface, increasing the likelihood for adsorbed CO molecules to dimerize, which is the rate determining step for ethylene production on Cu(100) under low-overpotential conditions. With subsurface electronegative atoms such as oxygen or fluorine, it is also found that the d-band scaling relation could

With the passage of time and the advancement of our industrial civilization, environmental concerns have become more and more recognized since the 1990s. Carbon dioxide reduction reactions are capable of converting carbon dioxide into valuable hydrocarbons and reducing the carbon emission from the combustion of fossil fuels. This is a promising direction for sustainable energy resources given that the scarcity of fossil fuels is becoming more threatening to the survival of mankind. In recent years, oxide-derived metal nanostructures have been synthesized and show unique catalytic features. Recently, Sloan et al. synthesized a novel oxide-derived copper nanocube structure, which showed a high selectivity toward ethylene over methane and low overpotentials. In this work, the presence of subsurface oxygen in the catalyst surface is tested with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, as a complement to experimental x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Due to limitations on the scale of modeling with DFT, the results indicate a very low stability of subsurface oxygen, which give rise to a question if subsurface oxygen would be stable with a reasonably large cluster model. Self-consistent charge density functional tight binding (SCC-DFTB) is adopted to investigate a nanocube model. In this model, a manually reduced cuprious oxide nanocube is constructed and investigated. Subsurface oxygen atoms close to facets are found to be more stable inside. A higher degree of disorder is proposed to be the cause of this difference in stabilizing subsurface oxygen atoms between the slab and nanocube models. The presence of subsurface oxygen enhances the adsorption of CO on the Cu(100) surface, increasing the likelihood for adsorbed CO molecules to dimerize, which is the rate determining step for ethylene production on Cu(100) under low-overpotential conditions. With subsurface electronegative atoms such as oxygen or fluorine, it is also found that the d-band scaling relation could

RESUMEN El objetivo es identificar y analizar la convergencia de las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera en China y Perú para encontrar una mejor compatibilidad de la información financiera y una mejor relación de negocios entre ambos países, y la hipótesis considera que: Dado que: La adopción indirecta en China de las NIIF para la preparación de la información financiera, mediante su adaptación a las normas contables nacionales por la necesidad de la globalización no es del todo compatible con la información financiera del Perú, debido principalmente a la aplicación de principios de contabilidad no del todo homogéneos. Es probable que: el análisis del proceso de la convergencia de las NIIF en China y Perú permita mejorar la compatibilidad de la informacion Financiera y por ende mejorar la relación de negocios entre ambos países. Por el tipo de investigación, fue considerado como un estudio descriptivo, para lo cual se tomó como unidades de estudio documentos de las Normas Internacionales de Información Financieras que son la base para la aplicación de la guía de observación documental. Como conclusión general, para evitar los problemas de las diferencias de las normas contables, en el período de la evaluación del negocio, las empresas tienen que buscar firmas con prestigio de auditoría que les ayuden a ajustar las diferencias en las informaciones financieras. Después, en el período de la operación, la empresa tiene que escoger un estándar intermediario en su sistema contable, así mismo, considerar los ajustes adicionales para la necesidad de los reportes financieros de acuerdo a las normas contables de ambos países. Palabras claves: normas contables, internacional, convergencia, compatibilidad

RESUMEN El objetivo es identificar y analizar la convergencia de las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera en China y Perú para encontrar una mejor compatibilidad de la información financiera y una mejor relación de negocios entre ambos países, y la hipótesis considera que: Dado que: La adopción indirecta en China de las NIIF para la preparación de la información financiera, mediante su adaptación a las normas contables nacionales por la necesidad de la globalización no es del todo compatible con la información financiera del Perú, debido principalmente a la aplicación de principios de contabilidad no del todo homogéneos. Es probable que: el análisis del proceso de la convergencia de las NIIF en China y Perú permita mejorar la compatibilidad de la informacion Financiera y por ende mejorar la relación de negocios entre ambos países. Por el tipo de investigación, fue considerado como un estudio descriptivo, para lo cual se tomó como unidades de estudio documentos de las Normas Internacionales de Información Financieras que son la base para la aplicación de la guía de observación documental. Como conclusión general, para evitar los problemas de las diferencias de las normas contables, en el período de la evaluación del negocio, las empresas tienen que buscar firmas con prestigio de auditoría que les ayuden a ajustar las diferencias en las informaciones financieras. Después, en el período de la operación, la empresa tiene que escoger un estándar intermediario en su sistema contable, así mismo, considerar los ajustes adicionales para la necesidad de los reportes financieros de acuerdo a las normas contables de ambos países. Palabras claves: normas contables, internacional, convergencia, compatibilidad

With the passage of time and the advancement of our industrial civilization, environmental concerns have become more and more recognized since the 1990s. Carbon dioxide reduction reactions are capable of converting carbon dioxide into valuable hydrocarbons and reducing the carbon emission from the combustion of fossil fuels. This is a promising direction for sustainable energy resources given that the scarcity of fossil fuels is becoming more threatening to the survival of mankind. In recent years, oxide-derived metal nanostructures have been synthesized and show unique catalytic features. Recently, Sloan et al. synthesized a novel oxide-derived copper nanocube structure, which showed a high selectivity toward ethylene over methane and low overpotentials. In this work, the presence of subsurface oxygen in the catalyst surface is tested with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, as a complement to experimental x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Due to limitations on the scale of modeling with DFT, the results indicate a very low stability of subsurface oxygen, which give rise to a question if subsurface oxygen would be stable with a reasonably large cluster model. Self-consistent charge density functional tight binding (SCC-DFTB) is adopted to investigate a nanocube model. In this model, a manually reduced cuprious oxide nanocube is constructed and investigated. Subsurface oxygen atoms close to facets are found to be more stable inside. A higher degree of disorder is proposed to be the cause of this difference in stabilizing subsurface oxygen atoms between the slab and nanocube models. The presence of subsurface oxygen enhances the adsorption of CO on the Cu(100) surface, increasing the likelihood for adsorbed CO molecules to dimerize, which is the rate determining step for ethylene production on Cu(100) under low-overpotential conditions. With subsurface electronegative atoms such as oxygen or fluorine, it is also found that the d-band scaling relation could

Pattern matching on a set of similar texts has received much attention, especially recently, mainly due to its application in cataloguing human genetic variation. In particular, many different algorithms have been proposed for the off-line version of this problem; that is, constructing a compressed index for a set of similar texts in order to answer pattern matching queries efficiently. However, the on-line, more fundamental, version of this problem is a rather undeveloped topic. Solutions to the on-line version can be beneficial for a number of reasons; for instance, efficient on-line solutions can be used in combination with partial indexes as practical trade-offs. We make here an attempt to close this gap via proposing two efficient algorithms for this problem. Notably, one of the algorithms requires time linear in the size of the texts' representation, for short patterns. Furthermore, experimental results confirm our theoretical findings in practical terms.

With the passage of time and the advancement of our industrial civilization, environmental concerns have become more and more recognized since the 1990s. Carbon dioxide reduction reactions are capable of converting carbon dioxide into valuable hydrocarbons and reducing the carbon emission from the combustion of fossil fuels. This is a promising direction for sustainable energy resources given that the scarcity of fossil fuels is becoming more threatening to the survival of mankind. In recent years, oxide-derived metal nanostructures have been synthesized and show unique catalytic features. Recently, Sloan et al. synthesized a novel oxide-derived copper nanocube structure, which showed a high selectivity toward ethylene over methane and low overpotentials. In this work, the presence of subsurface oxygen in the catalyst surface is tested with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, as a complement to experimental x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Due to limitations on the scale of modeling with DFT, the results indicate a very low stability of subsurface oxygen, which give rise to a question if subsurface oxygen would be stable with a reasonably large cluster model. Self-consistent charge density functional tight binding (SCC-DFTB) is adopted to investigate a nanocube model. In this model, a manually reduced cuprious oxide nanocube is constructed and investigated. Subsurface oxygen atoms close to facets are found to be more stable inside. A higher degree of disorder is proposed to be the cause of this difference in stabilizing subsurface oxygen atoms between the slab and nanocube models. The presence of subsurface oxygen enhances the adsorption of CO on the Cu(100) surface, increasing the likelihood for adsorbed CO molecules to dimerize, which is the rate determining step for ethylene production on Cu(100) under low-overpotential conditions. With subsurface electronegative atoms such as oxygen or fluorine, it is also found that the d-band scaling relation could

With the passage of time and the advancement of our industrial civilization, environmental concerns have become more and more recognized since the 1990s. Carbon dioxide reduction reactions are capable of converting carbon dioxide into valuable hydrocarbons and reducing the carbon emission from the combustion of fossil fuels. This is a promising direction for sustainable energy resources given that the scarcity of fossil fuels is becoming more threatening to the survival of mankind. In recent years, oxide-derived metal nanostructures have been synthesized and show unique catalytic features. Recently, Sloan et al. synthesized a novel oxide-derived copper nanocube structure, which showed a high selectivity toward ethylene over methane and low overpotentials. In this work, the presence of subsurface oxygen in the catalyst surface is tested with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, as a complement to experimental x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Due to limitations on the scale of modeling with DFT, the results indicate a very low stability of subsurface oxygen, which give rise to a question if subsurface oxygen would be stable with a reasonably large cluster model. Self-consistent charge density functional tight binding (SCC-DFTB) is adopted to investigate a nanocube model. In this model, a manually reduced cuprious oxide nanocube is constructed and investigated. Subsurface oxygen atoms close to facets are found to be more stable inside. A higher degree of disorder is proposed to be the cause of this difference in stabilizing subsurface oxygen atoms between the slab and nanocube models. The presence of subsurface oxygen enhances the adsorption of CO on the Cu(100) surface, increasing the likelihood for adsorbed CO molecules to dimerize, which is the rate determining step for ethylene production on Cu(100) under low-overpotential conditions. With subsurface electronegative atoms such as oxygen or fluorine, it is also found that the d-band scaling relation could

In the field of precision machining, the spindle is the “heart component” of the machining center. The dynamic performance of the spindle will directly affect the performance of the machine and the machining accuracy of the products. In order to avoid the above problems, an online monitoring, diagnosis and control system based on virtual instrument is designed for spindle. The system can monitor the operation condition of CNC electric spindle in real-time. Some classic signal processing and analysis methods are adopted such as time domain waveform, envelope spectrum and spectral kurtosis etc. The system is developed by LabVIEW language and on 107Z data acquisition system. The experiment platform for the system is a horizontal machining center of Dongyu CMV-1100A. The program is effective after preliminary test verification.

Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to examine the best means for telemedicine promotionin China and figure out the proper way to improve the existing telemedicine promotionprocess and dig out the better way of telemedicine promotion to solve the health care problemin China.Methodology: The research question is focusing on the best way to promote telemedicine inChina and finding a solution to solve the difficulties in China. Channels and tools arehighlighted as a solution to the research question. To fully understand channels and tools,both quantitive and qualitative research are carried out. It means that authors apply mixmethods research. The questionnaire is employed as a quantitative method and a qualitativeinterview is applied as a qualitative method.Findings: There are three channels proven as efficiency channel in telemedicine promotion(awareness channel, knowledge channel, information exchange channel). Through analyzingthe data collected from the questionnaire, authors find out the top five promotion toolsaccepted by customers: 1. Online news, 2. Doctor Recommendation, 3. Apps, 4. Socialmedia, 5. Hospital ads. Based on the results of the interview, those promotion tools are alsowildly used by a company.Theoretical Implications: This research contributes to the academic by supporting thetheoretical building in innovation diffusion process and develops the traditional marketingtoolbox.Practical Implications: This is the thesis for international marketing use. Although it focuson the single market, the customers can be international in this market. The research providesnot only the solutions for Chinese customers and companies, but also the possibilities forserve international customers in China and the international telemedicine companies whowant to enter the Chinese market. In fact, this research seeks to support the telemedicinecompanies who wish to promote and sell the telemedicine products in Chinese market.Keywords: Telemedicine; Promotion Tools; Opti

Self-organized TDMA (STDMA) has been proposed as a medium access control (MAC) protocol for Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication. Although it avoids the unbounded channel access delay faced by other CSMA-based protocols, the reliability in high traffic density is still unsatisfactory for critical road safety applications. This paper introduces an enhanced prediction-based STDMA protocol which utilizes the spatial information available in the messages exchanged for road safety applications. Thus it allocates the radio resources more efficiently and minimizes the mutual interference among different vehicles. The results show that the prediction-based STDMA offers a significant improvement in the scalability and coverage of the V2V communication system for road safety applications with strict reliability requirement. The performance enhancement of the proposed MAC protocol is achieved without adding much complexity to the existing STDMA and it has considerable potential for further improvement., QC 20141208

Self-organized TDMA (STDMA) has been proposed as a medium access control (MAC) protocol for Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication. Although it avoids the unbounded channel access delay faced by other CSMA-based protocols, the reliability in high traffic density is still unsatisfactory for critical road safety applications. This paper introduces an enhanced prediction-based STDMA protocol which utilizes the spatial information available in the messages exchanged for road safety applications. Thus it allocates the radio resources more efficiently and minimizes the mutual interference among different vehicles. The results show that the prediction-based STDMA offers a significant improvement in the scalability and coverage of the V2V communication system for road safety applications with strict reliability requirement. The performance enhancement of the proposed MAC protocol is achieved without adding much complexity to the existing STDMA and it has considerable potential for further improvement., QC 20141208

Purpose -This paper seeks to provide an understanding of the relationship between the management control policy of emerging economy (EE) firms and the knowledge transfer with the acquired firm, as well as the mechanism by which specific management control policy facilitates knowledge transfer with the acquired firms.Design - Employing an organizational learning theory, this paper examines the knowledge transfer from acquired firms to acquiring EE firms through multiple-case study of three EE firms.Findings - Based on organizational learning theory and the results of case studies, this paper finds that the cooperation and willingness of employees in the acquired firm and language barriers are the main factors influencing the relationship between management control policy and the parent company's knowledge transfer process.Research implication - This study sheds light on cross-border knowledge transfer to EE firms from an organizational learning perspective and broadens the understanding of post-acquisition knowledge transfer in an emerging market context.Practical implications - This study suggests that the low-level management control facilitates knowledge transfer from acquired firms. This is especially true when the parent company from the EE has limited learning experience and faces substantial language barriers between itself and its acquired firm.Originality - This paper extends existing research by exploring how low-level control of acquired firms in developed markets facilitates knowledge transfer of EE firms after cross-border acquisition. Future research can extend this line of research by examining the knowledge transfer mechanism of EE firms through qualitative and quantitative methods.

Self-organized TDMA (STDMA) has been proposed as a medium access control (MAC) protocol for Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication. Although it avoids the unbounded channel access delay faced by other CSMA-based protocols, the reliability in high traffic density is still unsatisfactory for critical road safety applications. This paper introduces an enhanced prediction-based STDMA protocol which utilizes the spatial information available in the messages exchanged for road safety applications. Thus it allocates the radio resources more efficiently and minimizes the mutual interference among different vehicles. The results show that the prediction-based STDMA offers a significant improvement in the scalability and coverage of the V2V communication system for road safety applications with strict reliability requirement. The performance enhancement of the proposed MAC protocol is achieved without adding much complexity to the existing STDMA and it has considerable potential for further improvement., QC 20141208

Self-organized TDMA (STDMA) has been proposed as a medium access control (MAC) protocol for Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication. Although it avoids the unbounded channel access delay faced by other CSMA-based protocols, the reliability in high traffic density is still unsatisfactory for critical road safety applications. This paper introduces an enhanced prediction-based STDMA protocol which utilizes the spatial information available in the messages exchanged for road safety applications. Thus it allocates the radio resources more efficiently and minimizes the mutual interference among different vehicles. The results show that the prediction-based STDMA offers a significant improvement in the scalability and coverage of the V2V communication system for road safety applications with strict reliability requirement. The performance enhancement of the proposed MAC protocol is achieved without adding much complexity to the existing STDMA and it has considerable potential for further improvement., QC 20141208

Self-organized TDMA (STDMA) has been proposed as a medium access control (MAC) protocol for Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication. Although it avoids the unbounded channel access delay faced by other CSMA-based protocols, the reliability in high traffic density is still unsatisfactory for critical road safety applications. This paper introduces an enhanced prediction-based STDMA protocol which utilizes the spatial information available in the messages exchanged for road safety applications. Thus it allocates the radio resources more efficiently and minimizes the mutual interference among different vehicles. The results show that the prediction-based STDMA offers a significant improvement in the scalability and coverage of the V2V communication system for road safety applications with strict reliability requirement. The performance enhancement of the proposed MAC protocol is achieved without adding much complexity to the existing STDMA and it has considerable potential for further improvement., QC 20141208

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the influence of various categories of institutions on international joint ventures' (IJV) strategic mutation behavior from an institutional perspective. Design/methodology/approach: The authors test their hypothese

[[abstract]]傳統的控制問題常需對真實系統建立數學模型來作精確的數值形式計算處理，一般是以一個或多個微分方程式來敘述控制系統的響應。此類控制系統常以PID(proportional-integral-derivative)控制器來實現[4]，雖然其能精確的控制，但是假如遇到較複雜、大型的控制系統或者與使用者有關的知識經驗等，則必須花費大量人力、時間去建構數學模型，甚至有可能因過於繁複而無法建構其數學模型。因此我們不可能把整個控制系統的所有變數列出來，而只能去控制一些影響系統較大的因素。模糊控制利用簡單的“IF-THEN”規則來描述系統即可達到系統控制的目的。 在本論文研究主旨於以開環控制(open-loop control) 與閉環控制(closed-loop control) 探討兩者應用DSP 2407晶片控制的差異。, [[abstract]]Traditional control methodology makes numerically calculation by mathematical model which use one or more differential equations to describe the system transfer functions.The Proportional-Integral-Derivative controller is more popular case. In spite of its accuracy, precise mathematical model for complex system is hard to build up, and even difficult to be solved. Sometimes, we only need to control some key variables in stead of including all system variables. Fuzzy control just use simple “IF-THEN” rule to describe the system function to achieve system control purpose. In this study, we implement fuzzy control programs into TI DSP 2407 chip, and observe the function difference between open-loop control and closed-loop control when they are individually applied to the boost regulator circuit. For open-loop control, the input voltage order V* is applied to input end, the DSP2407 chip accordingly send out the pulse-width-modulation signal with adjustable duty cycle to order the output voltage adjusting to the preset value. When the input voltage order V* changes, the output voltage will change subsequently. If the system is interfered, then the system may malfunction and can not recovered by itself. For close-loop control, the input voltage order V* is applied to input end, the information of output end voltage Vo will feedback to the DSP 2407 chip, where the fuzzy control program will produce the optimal duty cycle of the PWM signal and make the output end voltage Vo adjusted to the preset value. Even some interference come to the system, it will self-learn and self-adjust to the preset voltage value.

It is shown that the wide binary system and short white dwarf spin period of AE Aquarii (AE Aqr), i.e. Pspin,1~ 33 s , is perfectly reconcilable with a high mass accretion history of the white dwarf. The long orbital period Porb ~ 9 .88 hr of AE Aqr implies that the binary separation is large enough to accommodate a well-developed accretion disc. The rotation period P spin, 1~ 33 s implies that AE Aqr most possibly evolved through a high mass transfer/ accretion phase, where the white dwarf has been spun-up by accretion torques, possibly by an accretion disc. It has also been suggested that in the past AE Aqr could have been a significant X-ray source and possibly even a super soft X-ray source (SSS). This thesis proposes an investigation of the possible connection between high mass transfer and possible SSS properties. Extending the model calculations related to AE Aqr or cataclysmic variables in general show that the evolved (or slightly evolved), secondary stars filling (or nearly filling) their Roche lobe in systems with large orbital period will drive the highest mass transfer rate, implicitly increasing the probability of potential SSS occurrence. In this situation, the most positive aspect is that the SSS phenomena can be satisfied significantly below the Eddington limit for all filling factors and for all orbital period Porb ≥ 9 hrs . Concerning the spin-up history of AE Aqr, the results suggest that the spin-up timescale, rather that the mass transfer time-scale will determine the allowed duration of the run-away mass transfer phase. The model calculations seem also to confirm the magnetic field strength of the white dwarf B1 ≤ few x 10⁶ G , which is believed to be the limiting value of the field strength in AE Aqr. These model calculations readily agree with our conjecture that AE Aqr evolved through a relative brief but violent high mass accretion phase, where the white dwarf has been spun-up to periods P spin,1≤ 33 sec, during which period the accretion, National Research Foundation (NRF)

This work details the results of a face authentication test (FAT2004) (http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/banca/icpr2004) held in conjunction with the 17th International Conference on Pattern Recognition. The contest was held on the publicly available BANCA database (http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/banca) according to a defined protocol (E. Bailly-Bailliere et al., June 2003). The competition also had a sequestered part in which institutions had to submit their algorithms for independent testing. 13 different verification algorithms from 10 institutions submitted results. Also, a standard set of face recognition software packages from the Internet (http://www.cs.colostate.edu/evalfacerec) were used to provide a baseline performance measure.

Partial contents: The Development of Electronic Science and Technology; Bio-Medical Engineering and Futurology; and Bio-Integrated Circuit and Bio-Electronic Computer. (China translations), Trans. of Wei Lai Yu Fazhan, (China) v5 n3 p48-50, 59-60 1984.