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Start Over Descriptor "End organ damage" Publication Type Electronic Resources
3 results on '"End organ damage"'

1. Status of end organ damage in newly detected hypertension, hypertension in thyroid disorders and knowledge and awareness of hypertension among physicians and public

Author

Ramachandran, Meenakshi Sundaram

Subjects
616.1, hypertension, end organ damage, EOD, thyroid disorders, Awareness, LVH, retinopathy, microalbuminuria, hypothyroid, hyperthyroid
Abstract

Hypertension is associated with end organ damage (EOD). Since EOD is a risk factor for cardio- and cerebrovascular complications, it is a major requirement for these to be detected, prevented and treated. A total of 147 consecutive patients with newly-diagnosed essential hypertension and attending the outpatient clinic were included in this study based on a set of inclusion and exclusion criteria (patients with co-morbid illnesses were excluded from the investigation). Among them, 86% (70 male (M) and 56 female (F)) had one or more EODs, an observation which was very close to statistically significance (P=0.054). The presence of one or more EODs in newly-detected hypertension indicates widespread vascular damage which carries the high risk for cardio- and cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality. Although thyroid dysfunctions exert significant effects on blood pressure (BP), published literature available has revealed contradictory data. Objective of our study was to explore the inter-relationships between selected thyroid dysfunctional status (hyper and hypothyroid) and established biomarkers [thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxine (T4)]; and BP components [specifically Systolic BP (SBP), Diastolic BP (DBP), and Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP), and uniquely SBP:DBP ratio]. We followed rigid criteria in order to select adults with hyperthyroidism (n=71) and hypothyroidism (n=300), together with healthy age-matched controls (n =300), and applied a series of statistical analyses on the datasets acquired. We have observed thyroid dysfunctional status is associated with elevated BP, and increasing BP is positively-correlated with elevated serum thyroid biomarkers, hyper and hypothyroid disorders should be recognized and treated early in order to avoid critical hazards presented by high BP. Also, we have studied awareness among public and physicians in managing hypertension. Overall, the levels of knowledge and awareness among both groups are sub-optimal. Hence there is an urgent need for empowerment among both groups to enhance awareness and to bring effective standard of care.

Published
2014

2. The Pamela Study: Old and New Findings

Abstract

The paper will review the contribution of the PAMELA Research Project to the epidemiology, pathophysiology and treatment of hypertension and hypertension-related cardiometabolic disease. This will be firstly done by examining the results of the PAMELA studies planned and performed in the past 20 years aimed at defining normality values for home and ambulatory blood pressure values as well as at determining precise figures for blood pressure control, taking into account different blood pressure measurements. It will also be done by taking into account different "weight" of clinic, home and ambulatory blood pressure values in determining end-organ damage and in assessing the capability of the different pressures to reflect the regression of target organ damage induced by antihypertensive drug treatment. The review will finally address three further issues of major clinical relevance, i.e. the definition and clinical implication of "white-coat" and "masked" hypertension, the prognostic significance over the long-term period of alterations in home and ambulatory blood pressures as compared to the clinic ones and finally the close relationships between blood pressure and metabolic alterations, including metabolic syndrome. © 2011 Bentham Science Publishers.

Published
2011

3. Sympathetic and baroreflex function in hypertension: Implications for current and new drugs

Abstract

The sympathetic nervous system has moved towards center stage in cardiovascular medicine. The importance of the sympathetic activation in heart failure and in renal insufficiency progression and mortality is indeed now well established. In essential hypertension evidence has been provided that this may be the case, because sympathetic overactivity is a key factor in the pathophysiology of the disease, thereby promoting not only the blood pressure increase but also the development and progression of the hypertension-related cardiovascular and metabolic complications, such as left ventricular hypertrophy, vascular hypertrophy, endothelial dysfunction, cardiac rhythm disturbances and insulin resistance. In this review article the main pathophysiologic and mechanistic features of the sympathetic overactivity characterizing the essential hypertensive state will be examined. This will be followed by an analysis of the effects of 1) the hyperadrenergic state on the cardiovascular risk profile as well as on the end organ damage and 2) the different antihypertensive compounds on sympathetic and baroreflex function. The rationale for obtaining during antihypertensive drug treatment an effective sympathoinhibition will be finally highlighted.

Published
2004

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