Search

NLDA HDV Eindstudie, Nederland staat voor toenemende veiligheidsuitdagingen in een snel veranderende wereld, waarbij ook de overvloed aan data in dit digitale tijdperk een uitdaging vormt. Het kan moeilijk zijn om relevante informatie over veiligheidsuitdagingen te identificeren, te verwerken en te interpreteren door de enorme hoeveelheid aan data. Om effectief om te gaan met deze uitdagingen, is binnen Defensie informatiegestuurd optreden geïntroduceerd. Informatiegestuurd optreden is een strategie die zich richt op informatie als basis voor militaire operaties. Het doel is om wereldwijd slimmer en krachtiger op te treden door gebruik te maken van informatie. Deze benadering stelt de krijgsmacht in staat om effectief te opereren in complexe omgevingen, door het snel vergaren, verwerken, analyseren, interpreteren en verspreiden van informatie. Op deze manier kunnen beter onderbouwde beslissingen worden genomen, zodat de beschikbare middelen optimaal worden ingezet voor gewenste effecten (Ministerie van Defensie, 2023). Het onderzoek concentreert zich op het operationaliseren van informatiegestuurd optreden binnen het netwerk van defensieattachés. De centrale vraag is: Hoe kan de Directie Internationale Militaire Samenwerking (DIMS) informatiegestuurd optreden operationaliseren binnen het netwerk van Nederlandse defensieattachés? Het onderzoek heeft tot doel de rol van defensieattachés binnen informatiegestuurd optreden te verhelderen en beleidsaanbevelingen te formuleren voor de DIMS van de defensiestaf. De toegepaste methoden bestaan uit een combinatie van literatuurstudie, beleidsanalyse en de praktijk op basis van enquêteresultaten, een expertinterview en evaluatiegesprekken. Het toetsingskader is opgebouwd uit de kernelementen: actoren, onderwerpen, activiteiten en afnemers. De resultaten van het onderzoek wijzen op het ontwikkelingsproces van informatiegestuurd optreden, waarbij defensieattachés als militaire diplomaten steeds bewuster fungeren als sensoren binnen het international

Dopamine plays an important role in goal-directed behavior, through its modulatory influence on striatal neurons. It is unclear whether tonic dopamine levels, which regulate the vigor of acting, interact with the phasic dopamine response to reward that drives instrumental behavior.In a randomized placebo-controlled study in healthy volunteers, we show that methylphenidate, a drug that increases tonic dopamine levels, systematically reduced striatal phasic BOLD responses to gain and loss in a gambling task as measured with fMRI. It also increased response vigor and reward expectancy-related BOLD signals in the ventral striatum. These findings suggest that striatal tonic dopamine levels constitute an average reward expectation signal that modulates the phasic dopaminergic response to reward. This offers opportunities for treatment of behavioral disorders associated with abnormal reward sensitivity.

Industrial wafer scanners often consists of multiple subsystems. Traditionally, these systems-of-systems are divided into manageable subproblems at the expense of the overall performance, that is determined by the synchronicity of the motions of the subsystems. The aim of this paper is to enhance overall system performance by posterior coupling of the controlled subsystems. A framework that relates to the Youla parameterization is developed that connects the additional control elements affinely to the overall system performance criterion. The resulting framework parametrizes all stabilizing bidirectional coupling controllers, and enables improved performance. Robust stability is subsequentially addressed through a double-Youla approach. Application to a wafer scanner confirms superior performance of the joint wafer stage and reticle stage performance, while maintaining full system robust stability.

Industrial wafer scanners often consists of multiple subsystems. Traditionally, these systems-of-systems are divided into manageable subproblems at the expense of the overall performance, that is determined by the synchronicity of the motions of the subsystems. The aim of this paper is to enhance overall system performance by posterior coupling of the controlled subsystems. A framework that relates to the Youla parameterization is developed that connects the additional control elements affinely to the overall system performance criterion. The resulting framework parametrizes all stabilizing bidirectional coupling controllers, and enables improved performance. Robust stability is subsequentially addressed through a double-Youla approach. Application to a wafer scanner confirms superior performance of the joint wafer stage and reticle stage performance, while maintaining full system robust stability.

Manufacturing equipment often consists of multiple subsystems. For instance, in lithographic IC manufacturing, both a reticle stage and a wafer stage move synchronously. Traditionally, these subsystems are divided into manageable subproblems, at the expense of a suboptimal overall solution. The aim of this paper is to develop a framework for overall system performance improvement. The method pursued in this paper builds on traditional designs, and extends these through a bi-directional controller coupling. The aim here is to optimize a criterion that speciés overall system performance. To achieve this, a new parameterization that relates to the Youla parameterization is developed that connects the bi-directional controller parameter affinely to the overall control criterion, which enables a systematic design. The performance improvement is confirmed in a case study using measured data from an industrial wafer scanner.

Dopamine plays an important role in goal-directed behavior, through its modulatory influence on striatal neurons. It is unclear whether tonic dopamine levels, which regulate the vigor of acting, interact with the phasic dopamine response to reward that drives instrumental behavior.In a randomized placebo-controlled study in healthy volunteers, we show that methylphenidate, a drug that increases tonic dopamine levels, systematically reduced striatal phasic BOLD responses to gain and loss in a gambling task as measured with fMRI. It also increased response vigor and reward expectancy-related BOLD signals in the ventral striatum. These findings suggest that striatal tonic dopamine levels constitute an average reward expectation signal that modulates the phasic dopaminergic response to reward. This offers opportunities for treatment of behavioral disorders associated with abnormal reward sensitivity.

Manufacturing equipment often consists of multiple subsystems. For instance, in lithographic IC manufacturing, both a reticle stage and a wafer stage move synchronously. Traditionally, these subsystems are divided into manageable subproblems, at the expense of a suboptimal overall solution. The aim of this paper is to develop a framework for overall system performance improvement. The method pursued in this paper builds on traditional designs, and extends these through a bi-directional controller coupling. The aim here is to optimize a criterion that speciés overall system performance. To achieve this, a new parameterization that relates to the Youla parameterization is developed that connects the bi-directional controller parameter affinely to the overall control criterion, which enables a systematic design. The performance improvement is confirmed in a case study using measured data from an industrial wafer scanner.

OBJECTIVE: Alterations in serotonin signalling within the brain-gut axis have been implicated in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and is a treatment target. Acute tryptophan depletion (ATD) decreases brain serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) levels, and increases visceral perception and negative emotional bias in patients with IBS. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of ATD on brain activity and connectivity during visceral stimuli in healthy women, and to compare the ATD-induced brain connectivity of an arousal circuit in female patients with IBS without ATD. METHODS: 12 healthy females (19-25 years) were studied under placebo (PLA) conditions and ATD. Functional MRI measurements were performed during a rectal barostat protocol, consisting of random non-painful and maximal tolerable distensions. Partial least squares analyses and structural equation modelling were used to evaluate the effect of ATD on functional and effective brain connectivity during distension. Results in healthy controls under ATD were compared with the effective connectivity of brain responses to 45 mm Hg rectal distension in 14 female patients with constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C) (24-50 years). RESULTS: In healthy controls, ATD resulted in increased response of an extensive brain network to balloon distension, including the amygdala and nodes of emotional arousal and homeostatic afferent networks. The effect was greater during high inflation, suggesting greater engagement of the central serotonion system with more aversive visceral stimuli. Effective connectivity analysis revealed a profound effect of ATD on coupling between emotional arousal network nodes, resulting in loss of negative feedback inhibition of the amygdala. A near-identical pattern was identified in the patients with IBS-C. CONCLUSIONS: The findings are consistent with an ATD-induced disinhibition of and increased connectivity within an emotional arousal network during aversive s, Funding Agency:Profileringsfonds University Hospital Maastricht

Several diagnostic criteria for multifocal motor neuropathy have been proposed in recent years and a beneficial effect of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) and various other immunomodulatory drugs has been suggested in several trials and uncontrolled studies. The objectives were to prepare consensus guidelines on the definition, investigation and treatment of multifocal motor neuropathy. Disease experts and a patient representative considered references retrieved from MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library in July 2004 and prepared statements which were agreed in an iterative fashion. The Task Force agreed good practice points to define clinical and electrophysiological diagnostic criteria for multifocal motor neuropathy and investigations to be considered. The principal recommendations and good practice points were: (i) IVIg (2 g/kg given over 2-5 days) should be considered as the first line treatment (level A recommendation) when disability is sufficiently severe to warrant treatment. (ii) Corticosteroids are not recommended (good practice point). (iii) If initial treatment with IVIg is effective, repeated IVIg treatment should be considered (level C recommendation). The frequency of IVIg maintenance therapy should be guided by the individual response (good practice point). Typical treatment regimens are 1 g/kg every 2-4 weeks or 2 g/kg every 4-8 weeks (good practice point). (iv) If IVIg is not or not sufficiently effective then immunosuppressive treatment may be considered. Cyclophosphamide, ciclosporin, azathioprine, interferon beta1a, or rituximab are possible agents (good practice point). (v) Toxicity makes cyclophosphamide a less desirable option (good practice point).

Background. Paraprotein-associated neuropathies have heterogeneous clinical, neurophysiological, neuropathological and haematological features. Objectives. To prepare evidence-based and consensus guidelines on the clinical management of patients with both a demyelinating neuropathy and a paraprotein (paraproteinaemic demyelinating neuropathy, PDN). Methods. Search of MEDLINE and the Cochrane library, review of evidence and consensus agreement of an expert panel. Recommendations. In the absence of adequate data, evidence based recommendations were not possible but the panel agreed the following good practice points: (1) Patients with PDN should be investigated for a malignant plasma cell dyscrasia. (2) The paraprotein is more likely to be causing the neuropathy if the paraprotein is immunoglobulin (Ig)M, antibodies are present in serum or on biopsy, or the clinical phenotype is chronic distal sensory neuropathy. (3) Patients with IgM PDN usually have predominantly distal and sensory impairment, with prolonged distal motor latencies, and often anti-myelin associated glycoprotein antibodies. (4) IgM PDN sometimes responds to immune therapies. Their potential benefit should be balanced against their possible side-effects and the usually slow disease progression. (5) IgG and IgA PDN may be indistinguishable from chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, clinically, electrophysiologically, and in response to treatment. (6) For POEMS syndrome, local irradiation or resection of an isolated plasmacytoma, or melphalan with or without corticosteroids, should be considered, with haemato-oncology advice.

De auteurs beschrijven een computermodel dat de bijdrage van specifieke elementen van de huisvesting op de gezondheid en welzijn van hennen in diverse productiesystmen, inclusief het nut van een uitloopren, analyseert, The authors describe a computer model that analyses the contribution of specific elements of a housing system to the overall welfare of hens in various production systems, including the benefit of an outdoor run

Door de IMAG-meetploeg werd onderzoek verricht naar de ammoniak- en geuremissie van een natuurlijk geventileerde potstal voor melkgeiten. Zowel in de zomer als in de winter werd een periode gemeten. Het loopgedeelte van de melkgeiten was voorzien van een strolaag (pot). De geiten kregen gedoseerd krachtvoer en konden onbeperkt gerstestro opnemen. Dagelijks werd een hoeveelheid niet opgegeten stro in de pot geveegd, zodat de strolaag geleidelijk dikker werd.

Ammonia emission from animal husbandry has to be reduced in the Netherlands by 70% in the year 2005, compared with the emission level in 1980. Moreover, recently adapted odour legislation requires measurements of the odour emissions of the main conventional and new housing systems. Research was carried out into the emission of ammonia and odour from a house for weaned piglets with boxes. The research was carried out during a spring and summer period., Op voordracht van Agra-Matic B.V. te Ede is onderzoek verricht naar de ammoniak– en geuremissie van een zogenaamde Beddenstal voor gespeende biggen (Nürtinger systeem). Het onderzoek is uitgevoerd door de IMAG-meetploeg op het bedrijf van de familie Ten Brummelaar.

Item does not contain fulltext

Item does not contain fulltext

Item does not contain fulltext

Het rond Loswal Noord en de Rijnmond verrichte onderzoek reheeft van eerste meting t o t en met het laatste berekeningsresultaat van het driedimensionale sedimenttransport bijgedragen tot een sterk verbeterd inzicht in de natuurlijke processen en de invloed van de mens daarop. Het onderzoek heeft opties aangereikt, waardoor de hoeveelheid baggerwerk jaarlijks kan verminderen. Behalve dat dit financiële voordelen heeft, zijn er enkele zowel positieve als negatieve effecten op het milieu aanwijsbaar. Het gaat er nu om te kiezen tussen een loswal 'veraf', een loswal 'verdiept' en mogelijke combinaties van 'veraf' en 'verdiept'. Ook kan worden besloten Loswal Noord voorlopig te laten wat het is. Voorlopig is daar nog ruimte voor de baggerspecie. De beslissing zal niet alleen genomen kunnen worden op basis van de onderzoeksresultaten. Ook andere (met name sociaal-economische) factoren, die niet in getallen zijn te vatten, spelen immers een rol in het ai dan niet verplaatsen van de Loswal.

Het rond Loswal Noord en de Rijnmond verrichte onderzoek reheeft van eerste meting t o t en met het laatste berekeningsresultaat van het driedimensionale sedimenttransport bijgedragen tot een sterk verbeterd inzicht in de natuurlijke processen en de invloed van de mens daarop. Het onderzoek heeft opties aangereikt, waardoor de hoeveelheid baggerwerk jaarlijks kan verminderen. Behalve dat dit financiële voordelen heeft, zijn er enkele zowel positieve als negatieve effecten op het milieu aanwijsbaar. Het gaat er nu om te kiezen tussen een loswal 'veraf', een loswal 'verdiept' en mogelijke combinaties van 'veraf' en 'verdiept'. Ook kan worden besloten Loswal Noord voorlopig te laten wat het is. Voorlopig is daar nog ruimte voor de baggerspecie. De beslissing zal niet alleen genomen kunnen worden op basis van de onderzoeksresultaten. Ook andere (met name sociaal-economische) factoren, die niet in getallen zijn te vatten, spelen immers een rol in het ai dan niet verplaatsen van de Loswal.