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The Earth Hologenome Initiative (EHI) is a global collaboration to generate and analyse hologenomic data from wild animals and associated microorganisms using standardised methodologies underpinned by open and inclusive research principles. Initially focused on vertebrates, it aims to re-examine ecological and evolutionary questions by studying host–microbiota interactions from a systemic perspective.

Despite the intuition that the same population size is not needed throughout the run of an Evolutionary Algorithm (EA), most EAs use a fixed population size. This paper presents an empirical study on the possible benefits of a Simple Variable Population Sizing (SVPS) scheme on the performance of Genetic Algorithms (GAs). It consists in decreasing the population for a GA run following a predetermined schedule, configured by a speed and a severity parameter. The method uses as initial population size an estimation of the minimum size needed to supply enough building blocks, using a fixed-size selectorecombinative GA converging within some confidence interval toward good solutions for a particular problem. Following this methodology, a scalability analysis is conducted on deceptive, quasi-deceptive, and non-deceptive trap functions in order to assess whether SVPS-GA improves performances compared to a fixed-size GA under different problem instances and difficulty levels. Results show several combinations of speed-severity where SVPS-GA preserves the solution quality while improving performances, by reducing the number of evaluations needed for success.

The availability of public genomic resources can greatly assist biodiversity assessment, conservation, and restoration efforts by providing evidence for scientifically informed management decisions. Here we survey the main approaches and applications in biodiversity and conservation genomics, considering practical factors, such as cost, time, prerequisite skills, and current shortcomings of applications. Most approaches perform best in combination with reference genomes from the target species or closely related species. We review case studies to illustrate how reference genomes can facilitate biodiversity research and conservation across the tree of life. We conclude that the time is ripe to view reference genomes as fundamental resources and to integrate their use as a best practice in conservation genomics., Katerina Guschanski är bidragsgivare till forskningsöversikten och ingår i gruppen The European Reference Genome Atlas Consortium

1. Mammalian carnivores (Carnivora) are crucial components of landscapes, because of both their top-down effects on lower trophic level species and their sensitivity to bottom-up processes, such as limited food resources (e.g. due to climate instability). To understand their functional role in Iberian ecosystems more clearly, and to define effective plans for their management and conservation, it is crucial to sum up the available regional knowledge that can inform decision-making processes., 2. We review bio-ecological research on wild Iberian carnivores over 30 years (1990–2020) and identify key knowledge gaps and priority avenues for future research. Based on a systematic review of the scientific literature, we aimed to: 1) summarise current knowledge; 2) assess species and ecoregion representativeness; 3) identify key research topics addressed and those lacking investment and 4) suggest key future research priorities., 3. We examined 920 peer-reviewed articles involving wild Iberian mammalian carnivores, focusing on different bio-ecological issues. We found considerable heterogeneity in the topics and species investigated, as well as in the study areas (ecoregions) explored, with a mismatch between the research priorities identified by researchers and the knowledge gaps., 4. We suggest that future research should prioritise: 1) rear-edge populations that are at the southwestern limits of the species' Eurasian range, thus being particularly sensitive to the increasing fragmentation and aridity of Iberian ecosystems, and that were less studied (e.g. brown bear Ursus arctos, stoat Mustela erminea, European mink Mustela lutreola and pine marten Martes martes); 2) less-studied topics, such as morphometry and body condition, ecophysiology, and reproductive biology, all of which provide essential information for species' management and conservation and 3) specific ecoregions for which studies on species' adaptations to environmental and anthropic contexts are lacking (e.g. northern ecoregions of Iberia, Iberian conifer forests and Northwest Iberian montane forests). Our review provides the necessary background to support future research on carnivore populations in Iberia.

Until recently, Antón Vilar Ponte was credited with the authorship of the Galician language translations of theatrical texts from other dramaturgies from the 1920s in the framework of the Irmandades da Fala theatre Project, except for Yeats’ texts, which were believed to be lost. We refer to texts by Strindberg, Maeterlinck and Shakespeare, as well as several titles by Portuguese dramatists. The recent discovery in the archives of Bernardino Varela of five notebooks with translations of A intrusa by Maeterlinck and O pai by Strindberg, along with the Galician versions of eleven Portuguese theatrical texts by Marcelino Mesquita, Manuel Laranjeira, Júlio Dantas, João da Cámara, João Baptista, Eduardo Coelho, Diogo José Seromenho e Santos Júnior, means that this attribution of authorship must be reviewed. This paper describes the discovery, explores the editions that served as the basis for the Galician translations and provides evidence that allows these translations to be attributed to Varela do Campo., Las traducciones al gallego de los textos teatrales de otras dramaturgias realizadas en los años 20 del siglo pasado dentro del proyecto teatral de las Irmandades da Fala –excepto las de los textos de Yeats, todas ellas dadas por perdidas– eran atribuidas a Antón Vilar Ponte. Nos referimos a textos de Strindberg, Maeterlinck, Shakespeare y varios títulos de dramaturgos lusos. El reciente descubrimiento en los archivos del coruñés Bernardino Varela do Campo de cinco cuadernos con traducciones de A intrusa de Maeterlink y O pai de Strindberg, junto con las versiones gallegas de once textos teatrales portugueses de autoría de Marcelino Mesquita, Manuel Laranjeira, Júlio Dantas, João da Cámara, João Baptista, Eduardo Coelho, Diogo José Seromenho y Santos Júnior, obliga a revisar esa atribución. En este trabajo se da cuenta del descubrimiento, se inda en las ediciones que sirvieron de base a las traslaciones al gallego y se proporcionan evidencias que permiten imputar a Varela do Campo la autoría de estas traducciones., As traducións para o galego dos textos teatrais doutras dramaturxias realizadas na década de 20 do século pasado no marco do proxecto teatral das Irmandades da Fala –coa excepción das dos textos de Yeats, todas elas dadas por perdidas– eran atribuídas a Antón Vilar Ponte. Estamos a falar de textos de Strindberg, Maeterlinck, Shakespeare e varios títulos de dramaturgos lusos. A recente descuberta no espolio do coruñés Bernardino Varela do Campo de cinco cadernos con traducións de A intrusa de Maeterlink e O pai de Strindberg, xuntamente coas versións galegas de once textos teatrais portugueses da autoría de Marcelino Mesquita, Manuel Laranjeira, Júlio Dantas, João da Cámara, João Baptista, Eduardo Coelho, Diogo José Seromenho e Santos Júnior, obriga a revisar esa atribución. Neste traballo dáse conta do achado, indágase nas edicións que serviron de base ás translacións para o galego e expóñense evidencias que permiten imputar a Varela do Campo a autoría destas traducións.

The Neotropical region hosts 4225 freshwater fish species, ranking first among the world's most diverse regions for freshwater fishes. Our NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set is the first to produce a large-scale Neotropical freshwater fish inventory, covering the entire Neotropical region from Mexico and the Caribbean in the north to the southern limits in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. We compiled 185,787 distribution records, with unique georeferenced coordinates, for the 4225 species, represented by occurrence and abundance data. The number of species for the most numerous orders are as follows: Characiformes (1289), Siluriformes (1384), Cichliformes (354), Cyprinodontiformes (245), and Gymnotiformes (135). The most recorded species was the characid Astyanax fasciatus (4696 records). We registered 116,802 distribution records for native species, compared to 1802 distribution records for nonnative species. The main aim of the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set was to make these occurrence and abundance data accessible for international researchers to develop ecological and macroecological studies, from local to regional scales, with focal fish species, families, or orders. We anticipate that the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set will be valuable for studies on a wide range of ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, fishery pressure, the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation, and the impacts of species invasion and climate change. There are no copyright restrictions on the data, and please cite this data paper when using the data in publications.

The question of who's in and who's out is not as straightforward as it seems when understanding the dynamics of exclusion in everyday life. This dissertation explores the intricate dynamics of cooperation and exclusionary mechanisms in social networks and groups by combining insights from formal theoretical modeling and empirical analysis, incorporating perspectives from multiple disciplines. From the stability of social value orientations over time to the contextual influence on cooperation dynamics, this dissertation provides novel and nuanced views on the ways in which exclusion encourages cooperative behavior among individuals and – more importantly- when exclusion fails to promote cooperation. The research findings pave the way for future research in the field of exclusion, both theoretically and empirically, and highlight a downside for excluded defectors: If there is no “in” after exclusion, they may fall into a spiral of defection with a difficult road ahead for (if ever) reaching cooperation “at the end of the tunnel.”

Peer feedback and collaboration intentionality (CI) are key prerequisites to advance in higher education. For learning, it is crucial that peers do not merely interact, but that students are willing to function as scaffolds by sharing their knowledge from different perspectives and asking each other for academic support. Peer feedback can only take place within a collaborative learning approach and when students are willing to initiate feedback relationships with their peers. Therefore, we analyze peer feedback networks (in terms of academic help and advice-seeking) and CI as an individual characteristic using an advanced statistical tool, namely stochastic actor-oriented models (SAOMs). In SAOMs, we control for selection and influence mechanisms. Selection comprises instances when feedback relations can be initiated based on CI, while influence builds upon existing feedback relations in affecting CI. One important selection mechanism is homophily, which means that individuals prefer to initiate a connection with someone else based on similarity in characteristics, attitudes, or behavior. In this chapter, we introduce this statistical technique within the higher education context and the added value for feedback research in education. We illustrate the SAOM methodology using two-wave peer feedback networks and CI data while controlling for gender and the Five-Factor Model personality traits. In this empirical example, we address the research question: To what extent does homophily of CI plays a role in selecting peers when seeking feedback and to what extent do feedback relationships influence CI? The SAOM shows an homophily effect, which implies that students preferentially seek feedback from others who are similar in CI. We also find an influence effect in which students who seek feedback from one another become more similar in terms of CI over time. Similarity in CI is driven by selection and influence mechanisms in peer feedback networks.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in colorectal lesions is demanding, and a significant rate of non-curative procedures is expected. We aimed to assess the rate of residual lesion after a piecemeal ESD resection, or after an en bloc resection but with positive horizontal margins (local-risk resection—LocRR), for colorectal benign neoplasia. A retrospective multicenter analysis of consecutive colorectal ESDs was performed. Patients with LocRR ESDs for the treatment of benign colorectal lesions with at least one follow-up endoscopy were included. A cohort of en bloc resected lesions, with negative margins, was used as the control. A total of 2255 colorectal ESDs were reviewed; 352 of the ESDs were “non-curative”. Among them, 209 were LocRR: 133 high-grade dysplasia and 76 low-grade dysplasia. Ten cases were excluded due to missing data. A total of 146 consecutive curative resections were retrieved for comparison. Compared to the “curative group”, LocRRs were observed in lengthier procedures, with larger lesions, and in non-granular LSTs. Recurrence was higher in the LocRR group (16/199, 8% vs. 1/146, 0.7%; p = 0.002). However, statistical significance was lost when considering only en bloc resections with positive horizontal margins (p = 0.068). In conclusion, a higher rate of residual lesion was found after a piecemeal ESD resection, but not after an en bloc resection with positive horizontal margins., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

In learning communities, students share their knowledge which might contribute to academic performance. This study disentangles peer selection from influence processes in modelling first-year students’ academic performance after the transition to university. Longitudinal peer network data were obtained from 95 bachelor students at two time points in a social sciences study programme with eight learning communities. Using co-evolution modelling in RSiena, we found that students help each other more often when they are already friends and students who help each other academically are more likely to become friends. The higher a student performs, the more often the student is selected as a friend or as an academic helper and the more often this higher-performing student initiates friendship and academic help relationships. Although learning communities are often implemented to enhance academic performance, we did not find evidence that peer relationships in learning communities influence academic performance., Funding: Dutch Research Council [VI.Veni.191S.010]

We live in a world characterized by biodiversity loss and global environmental change. The extinction of large carnivores can have ramifying effects on ecosystems like an uncontrolled increase in wild herbivores, which in turn can have knock-on impacts on vegetation regeneration and communities. Cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus) serve important ecosystem functions as apex predators; yet, they are quickly heading towards an uncertain future. Threatened by habitat loss, human-wildlife conflict and illegal trafficking, there are only approximately 7100 individuals remaining in nature. We present the most comprehensive genome-wide analysis of cheetah phylogeography and conservation genomics to date, assembling samples from nearly the entire current and past species' range. We show that their phylogeography is more complex than previously thought, and that East African cheetahs (A. j. raineyi) are genetically distinct from Southern African individuals (A. j. jubatus), warranting their recognition as a distinct subspecies. We found strong genetic differentiation between all classically recognized subspecies, thus refuting earlier findings that cheetahs show only little differentiation. The strongest differentiation was observed between the Asiatic and all the African subspecies. We detected high inbreeding in the Critically Endangered Iranian (A. j. venaticus) and North-western (A. j. hecki) subspecies, and show that overall cheetahs, along with snow leopards, have the lowest genome-wide heterozygosity of all the big cats. This further emphasizes the cheetah's perilous conservation status. Our results provide novel and important information on cheetah phylogeography that can support evidence-based conservation policy decisions to help protect this species. This is especially relevant in light of ongoing and proposed translocations across subspecies boundaries, and the increasing threats of illegal trafficking.

Progress in genome sequencing now enables the large-scale generation of reference genomes. Various international initiatives aim to generate reference genomes representing global biodiversity. These genomes provide unique insights into genomic diversity and architecture, thereby enabling comprehensive analyses of population and functional genomics, and are expected to revolutionize conservation genomics.

Carnivores tend to exhibit a lack of (or less pronounced) genetic structure at continental scales in both a geographic and temporal sense and this can confound the identification of post-glacial colonization patterns in this group. In this study we used genome-wide data (using genotyping by sequencing [GBS]) to reconstruct the phylogeographic history of a widespread carnivore, the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), by investigating broad-scale patterns of genomic variation, differentiation and admixture amongst contemporary populations in Europe. Using 15,003 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 524 individuals allowed us to identify the importance of refugial regions for the red fox in terms of endemism (e.g., Iberia). In addition, we tested multiple post-glacial recolonization scenarios of previously glaciated regions during the Last Glacial Maximum using an Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) approach that were unresolved from previous studies. This allowed us to identify the role of admixture from multiple source population post-Younger Dryas in the case of Scandinavia and ancient land-bridges in the colonization of the British Isles. A natural colonization of Ireland was deemed more likely than an ancient human-mediated introduction as has previously been proposed and potentially points to a larger mammalian community on the island in the early post-glacial period. Using genome-wide data has allowed us to tease apart broad-scale patterns of structure and diversity in a widespread carnivore in Europe that was not evident from using more limited marker sets and provides a foundation for next-generation phylogeographic studies in other non-model species.

This article aims to collaborate with reflection about blended learning in public schools by expanding the understanding of their educational processes from multicultural perspectives. The methodology, of qualitative character, involved bibliographic research on blended learning and multiculturalism, as well as the construction of an interdisciplinary proposal about how the points of view defended in this article could be practiced. Throughout the study, notions such as ecology of knowledge, multiculturalism and interculturality are linked to blended learning with the intention of arguing in favor of educational practices in general, and hybrids in particular, which consider the problematization of dimensions such as identity and difference. Finally, it is argued that, in a multicultural and unequal world like the current one, the most coherent path towards a democratic education begins with the recognition of cultural differences, at school and beyond its walls., Este artigo tem como objetivo colaborar com a adoção do ensino híbrido em escolas públicas ao ampliar a compreensão dos seus processos educacionais a partir de perspectivas multiculturais. A metodologia, de caráter qualitativo, envolveu pesquisa bibliográfica sobre ensino híbrido e multiculturalismo, bem como a construção de uma proposta interdisciplinar acerca de como os pontos de vista defendidos neste artigo poderiam ser praticados. No decorrer do estudo, noções como ecologia de saberes, multiculturalismo e interculturalidade são articuladas ao ensino híbrido com a intenção de argumentar a favor de práticas educacionais em geral, e híbridas em particular, que considerem a problematização de dimensões como a identidade e a diferença. Por fim, defende-se que, em um mundo multicultural e desigual como o atual, o caminho mais coerente em direção a uma educação democrática inicia-se com o reconhecimento das diferenças culturais, na escola e além dos seus muros., Este artículo tiene como objetivo colaborar con la reflexión sobre la enseñanza híbrida en las escuelas públicas ampliando la comprensión de sus procesos educativos desde perspectivas multiculturales. La metodología cualitativa implicó la investigación bibliográfica sobre la enseñanza híbrida y la multiculturalidad, así como la construcción de una propuesta interdisciplinar sobre cómo se podrían poner en práctica las ideas y puntos de vista propugnados en este artículo. A lo largo del estudio, nociones como ecología del conocimiento, multiculturalismo e interculturalidad se vinculan a la enseñanza híbrida con la intención de argumentar a favor de las prácticas educativas en general, y las híbridas en particular, que consideran la problematización de dimensiones como la identidad y la diferencia. Finalmente, se sostiene que, en un mundo multicultural y desigual como el actual, el camino más coherente hacia una educación democrática comienza con el reconocimiento de las diferencias culturales, en la escuela y más allá de sus muros.

La presente publicación recoge los resúmenes de todas las ponencias presentadas oralmente en la decimocuarta edición del Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo (SIIU), celebrada en la Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de Madrid (Universidad Politécnica de Madrid) y presentadas durante los días 16 y 17 de junio de 2022. El Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo tuvo su origen en el año 2007, como iniciativa de un grupo de profesores y doctorandos del Departamento de Urbanismo y Ordenación del Territorio de la Universidad Politécnica de Catalunya. Este seminario, originalmente interno y dirigido a investigadores en formación, pretendía ser un espacio de encuentro anual de los doctorandos del programa para debatir y recibir feedback sobre sus trabajos. Su condición pionera, como espacio de reflexión en torno a temas sobre la ciudad, el territorio y el paisaje en el ámbito hispanoamericano, provocó que muy pronto excediera el ámbito local y se transformara en un espacio de interés internacional. Por esta razón, a partir de la quinta edición, celebrada en 2013, se realiza cada año de manera conjunta entre la sede de Barcelona (Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña) y una sede latinoamericana. Hasta ahora han sido sede del SIIU en América, al otro lado del Atlántico: Buenos Aires, Córdoba (Argentina), Santiago de Chile, Bogotá, São Paulo, Camboriú y Curitiba. Asimismo, a partir del año 2020, el gran interés que estaba generando de este lado del Atlántico impulsa su realización en universidades de la Península Ibérica en conjunto con la UPC. De esta manera, Lisboa fue ese año la sede que, en colaboración con Barcelona, acogió el seminario, con el fin de responder al gran interés que éste tiene en el ámbito lusitano. Y en junio de 2022, Madrid ha sido la sede del seminario en España, con la voluntad de estrechar lazos entre dos de las escuelas de arquitectura más importantes del país, y compartir experiencias y miradas sobre los temas rela

[Abstract] Galician theatrical activity in Buenos Aires has traditionally been approached from a text-centric and androcentric perspective, with a strong emphasis on canonical plays such as Os vellos non deben de namorarse and A soldadeira. With the exception of studies by Laura Tato and an issue of Cadernos da Escola Dramática Galega devoted to the Compañía Gallega de Comedias Marujita Villanueva, the dramatic work of Galician women in Buenos Aires has been mostly consigned to the margins or directly overlooked. Only the actresses in Castelao’s Os vellos non deben de namorarse receive even a passing mention. The aim of this article is to highlight the important role of female figures such as Maruxa Boga, Maruxa Villanueva and Mariví Villaverde in Galician dramatic activity in Buenos Aires in the mid-decades of the twentieth century, and to examine the emancipatory activities of some of these women outside the patriarchal confines of their time.

This article presents the QuantSaT-PT project, an effort to create the first Portuguese nanosatellite for space to ground quantum communication. Focused on the Attitude Determination and Control System, it describes the different elements that allow for the attainment of diverse accuracy levels required for separate mission stages. Given the harsh pointing precision necessary for establishing a quantum downlink, the implementation of this module presents a major challenge in the Cubesat field. Furthermore, the introduced architecture aims to reduce system cost by replacing the state-of-the-art star tracker with ground beacon detection.

Despite being a procedure widely used all over the world with high rates of symptom remission, surgical treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome may present unsatisfactory outcomes. Such outcomes may be manifested clinically by non-remission of symptoms, remission of symptoms with recurrence a time after surgery or appearance of different symptoms after surgery. Different factors are related to this unsuccessful surgical treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome. Prevention can be achieved through a thorough preoperative clinical evaluation of the patient. As such, the surgeon will be able to make differential or concomitant diagnoses, as well as determine factors related to patient dissatisfaction. Perioperative factors include the correct identification of anatomical structures for complete median nerve decompression. Numerous procedures have been described for managing postoperative factors. Among them, the most common is adhesion around the median nerve, which has been treated with relative success using different vascularized flaps or autologous or homologous tissue coverage. The approach to cases with unsuccessful surgical treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome is discussed in more detail in the text.

Progress in genome sequencing now enables the large-scale generation of reference genomes. Various international initiatives aim to generate reference genomes representing global biodiversity. These genomes provide unique insights into genomic diversity and architecture, thereby enabling comprehensive analyses of population and functional genomics, and are expected to revolutionize conservation genomics., Peer Reviewed, "Article signat per 26 autors/es: Giulio Formenti, Kathrin Theissinger, Carlos Fernandes, Iliana Bista, Aureliano Bombarely, Christoph Bleidorn, Claudio Ciofi, Angelica Crottini, José A. Godoy, Jacob Höglund, Joanna Malukiewicz, Alice Mouton, Rebekah A. Oomen, Sadye Paez, Per J. Palsbøll, Christophe Pampoulie, María J. Ruiz-López, Hannes Svardal, Constantina Theofanopoulou, Jan de Vries, Ann-Marie Waldvogel, Guojie Zhang, Camila J. Mazzoni, Erich D. Jarvis, Miklós Bálint, European Reference Genome Atlas (ERGA) Consortium", Postprint (published version)

Objective: to verify the preoperative fasting time in children undergoing elective surgical procedures. Methods: cross-sectional study, carried out with information obtained from 20 children’s medical records, submitted to descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. Results: the median fasting time was 8.03 hours. The shortest time recorded was 7 hours and 45 minutes and the longest 17 hours and 30 minutes. School children had the longest pre-anesthetic fasting time. In 16 cases, fasting after midnight was prescribed. There was no statistically significant difference between fasting time and the variables age groups and surgical specialties. No correlation was found between the child’s age and fasting time. Conclusion: the median fasting time was shorter than that found in other studies. The patients fasted for longer intervals than recommended. Fasting time was not related to age group, surgical specialty, and age of the child., Objetivo: verificar o tempo de jejum pré-operatório em crianças submetidas a procedimentos cirúrgicos eletivos. Métodos: estudo transversal, realizado com informações obtidas em 20 prontuários de crianças, submetidas à análise estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: a mediana do tempo de jejum foi de 8,03 horas. O menor tempo registrado foi de sete horas e 45minutos e o maior 17 horas e 30 minutos. Os escolares apresentaram maior tempo de jejum pré-anestésico. Em 16 casos, foi prescrito o jejum após a meia-noite. Não houve diferença estatística significativa entre tempo de jejum e variáveis faixas etárias e especialidades cirúrgicas. Não se verificou nenhuma correlação entre a idade da criança e tempo de jejum. Conclusão: a mediana do tempo de jejum foi inferior ao constatado em outros estudos. Os pacientes jejuaram por intervalos maiores do que o preconizado. Tempo de jejum não esteve relacionado com a faixa etária, especialidade cirúrgica e idade da criança.

The RADAR ON RAIA project aims to update and extend beyond the Galician border the High Frequency (HF) radar network that has been operating since 2011 in the framework of the RAIA Observatory. The Project is allowing the establishment of a cross-border collaboration beyond the physical infrastructure itself, developing a sharing strategy of maintenance procedures, validation and data processing on both sides of the border, as well as an easy and public access to all the information. In addition, new products are being developed to exploit the potential of the HF radar technology., Peer Reviewed

The RADAR ON RAIA project aims to update and extend beyond the Galician border the High Frequency (HF) radar network that has been operating since 2011 in the framework of the RAIA Observatory. The Project is allowing the establishment of a cross-border collaboration beyond the physical infrastructure itself, developing a sharing strategy of maintenance procedures, validation and data processing on both sides of the border, as well as an easy and public access to all the information. In addition, new products are being developed to exploit the potential of the HF radar technology

Snakebite envenoming is the cause of an ongoing health crisis in several regions of the world, particularly in tropical and neotropical countries. This scenario creates an urgent necessity for new practical solutions to address the limitations of current therapies. The current study investigated the isolation, phytochemical characterization, and myotoxicity inhibition mechanism of gallic acid (GA), a myotoxin inhibitor obtained from Anacardium humile. The identification and isolation of GA was achieved by employing analytical chromatographic separation, which exhibited a compound with retention time and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra compatible with GA's commercial standard and data from the literature. GA alone was able to inhibit the myotoxic activity induced by the crude venom of Bothrops jararacussu and its two main myotoxins, BthTX-I and BthTX-II. Circular dichroism (CD), fluorescence spectroscopy (FS), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and interaction studies by molecular docking suggested that GA forms a complex with BthTX-I and II. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) kinetics assays showed that GA has a high affinity for BthTX-I with a KD of 9.146 × 10−7 M. Taken together, the two-state reaction mode of GA binding to BthTX-I, and CD, FS and DLS assays, suggest that GA is able to induce oligomerization and secondary structure changes for BthTX-I and -II. GA and other tannins have been shown to be effective inhibitors of snake venoms' toxic effects, and herein we demonstrated GA's ability to bind to and inhibit a snake venom PLA2, thus proposing a new mechanism of PLA2 inhibition, and presenting more evidence of GA's potential as an antivenom compound.

We explore the role of restaurants and food events in promoting local and regional gastronomy in the Minho region in Northern Portugal. Interviews with restaurant owners and event organizers in this mainly rural region reveal that innovation is driven mainly by changing consumer tastes, but also constrained by consumer expectations of low prices. Restaurants maintain a family-run structure, also due to a lack of human resources. The main thrust of innovation lies in creating a convivial atmosphere, but there is less emphasis on locally produced food ingredients. In the long run this may undermine the regional food culture and its authenticity, despite the perceived importance of tradition.

Phylogenetically closely related species are often assumed to have similar responses to environmental conditions, but species-specific responses have also been described. These two scenarios may have different conservation implications. We tested these two hypotheses for Prionailurus cats (P. rubiginosus, P. bengalensis, P. viverrinus) in the Indian subcontinent and show its implications on species current protected area coverage and climatic suitability trends through time. We fitted ecological niche models with current environmental conditions and calculated niche overlap. In addition, we developed a model for the Jungle Cat Felis chaus to compare species responses and niche overlap estimates within Prionailurus with those for a related sympatric small cat species. Then we estimated the proportion of current suitable environment covered by protected area and projected climatic models from past (last interglacial) to future (2070; RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) conditions to show implications on population management and conservation. The hypothesis of a similar response and niche overlap among closely related species is not supported. Protected area coverage was lowest for P. viverrinus (mean=0.071, SD=0.012) and highest for P. bengalensis (mean=0.088, SD=0.006). In addition, the proportion of the subcontinent with suitable climate varied through time and was species-specific. For P. bengalensis, climatic suitability shrunk since at least the mid-Holocene, a trend that can be intensified by human-induced climate warming. Concerning P. viverrinus, most predictions show stable future climatic suitability, but a few indicated potential loss. Climatic suitability for P. rubiginous was predicted to remain stable but the species exhibited a negative association with intensive agriculture. Similar responses to environmental change by phylogenetically closely related species should not be assumed and have implications on protected area coverage and natural trends of species climatic

Empirical research has the ultimate goal to inform us about the ‘objectively true’ state of the world. This ambition especially holds for the natural sciences, but also extends to the social sciences. In the context of recent devel- opments and theoretical discussions, we aim to contribute to the discussion of objectivity in empirical research from a student’s perspective: The influence of normative assumptions on empirical research. We will analyze normative influences within the six conceptual steps of the empirical research process: (1) idea generation, (2) research funding, (3) research planning, (4) data collection, (5) data analysis, and (6) scientific output. We will end with a summary of current directions that may help move to a more reflective, nuanced, and transparent scientific process.

Empirical research has the ultimate goal to inform us about the ‘objectively true’ state of the world. This ambition especially holds for the natural sciences, but also extends to the social sciences. In the context of recent devel- opments and theoretical discussions, we aim to contribute to the discussion of objectivity in empirical research from a student’s perspective: The influence of normative assumptions on empirical research. We will analyze normative influences within the six conceptual steps of the empirical research process: (1) idea generation, (2) research funding, (3) research planning, (4) data collection, (5) data analysis, and (6) scientific output. We will end with a summary of current directions that may help move to a more reflective, nuanced, and transparent scientific process.

[Resumo] Despois da configuración moderna do campo na segunda metade do século XX, a gradual introdución da economía de mercado no sistema teatral galego derivou nunha crise de identidade deste. Co foco posto nunha serie de factores económicos, políticos, sociais e lingüísticos, as tensións observadas especialmente no XXI serven como referencia para valorarmos o estado da loita que na actualidade estabelecen os diferentes axentes que interveñen na cadea de produción do teatro entre o valor económico dos espectáculos e a proxección social en favor da identidade cultural minorizada na Galiza., [Resumo] Após a configuração moderna do campo na segunda metade do século XX, a gradual introdução da economia de mercado no sistema teatral galego derivou numa crise de identidade deste. Com o foco posto numa série de factores económicos, políticos, sociais e linguísticos, as tensões observadas especialmente no XXI servem como referência para valorarmos o estado da luta que na actualidade estabelecem os diferentes agentes que intervêm na cadeia de produção do teatro entre o valor económico dos espectáculos e a projeção social em favor da identidade cultural minorizada na Galiza., [Resumen] Tras la configuración moderna del campo en la segunda mitad del siglo XX, la gradual introducción de la economía de mercado en el sistema teatral gallego derivó en una crisis de identidad de este. Con el foco puesto en una serie de factores económicos, políticos, sociales y lingüísticos, las tensiones observadas especialmente en el XXI nos sirven como referencia para valorar el estado de la lucha que en la actualidad establecen los diferentes agentes que intervienen en la cadena de producción del teatro entre el valor económico de los espectáculos y la proyección social en favor de la identidad cultural debilitada en Galicia., [Abstract] After the modern configuration of the field in the second half of the 20th century, the gradual introduction of the market economy in the Galician theatrical system derived in a crisis of its identity. With the focus placed on a series of economic political, social and linguistic factors, the tensions observed especially in the 21st century serve as a reference to value the state of the fight currently stablished by the different agents that intervene in the production chain of the theatre between the economic value of the shows and the social projection in favour of the diminished cultural identity in Galiza.

Exogenous antioxidants may be beneficial therapeutic tools to tackle the oxidative damage in neurodegenerative diseases by regulation of the redox state that is critical for cell viability and organ function. Inspired by natural plant polyphenols, a series of cinnamic acid-based thiophenolic and phenolic compounds were synthesized and their antioxidant and neuroprotective properties were studied. In general, our results showed that the replacement of the hydroxyl group (OH) by a sulfhydryl group (SH) increased the radical scavenging activity and enhanced the reaction rate with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•) and galvinoxyl radical (GO•). These results correlated well with the lower oxidation potential (Ep) values of thiophenols. However, a lower peroxyl radical (ROO•) scavenging activity was observed for thiophenols in oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC-FL) assay. Furthermore, the introduction of 5-methoxy and 5-phenyl groups in the aromatic ring of 4-thioferulic acid (TFA) 2 and ferulic acid (FA) 1 did not significantly improve their antioxidant activity, despite the slight decrease of Ep observed for compounds 5, 6, and 9. Concerning cinnamic acid amides, the antioxidant profile was similar to the parent compounds. None of the compounds under study presented significant cytotoxic effects in human differentiated neuroblastoma cells. Thiophenolic amide 3 stands out as the most promising thiophenol-based antioxidant, showing cellular neuroprotective effects against oxidative stress inducers (hydrogen peroxide and iron)

This paper is devoted to the emergence of female authoship in twenty-first century Galician theatre from a non-textcentric perspective. It is also analysed the participation of women in the renovation of stage modalities, in the revision of the atributes of theatricality and in revisiting the Galician theatre main rule, i.e., that of the use of the native language., Neste traballo reflexiónase sobre a emerxencia neste século da autoría feminina nos palcos galegos desde unha perspectiva non textocéntrica. Pondérase, igualmente, a participación da muller na renovación das modalidades escénicas, na revisión dos atributos da teatralidade e na contestación á principal regra de xogo do sistema teatral galego –a lingua do país.

O presente artigo apresenta um panorama do pioneirismo da escritora brasileira Cassandra Rios na criação de romances com protagonistas travestis, bem como oferece uma análise da protagonista da obra Uma mulher diferente, publicada a primeira vez em 1965. A leitura crítica aqui apresentada tem como base um tripé teórico: (a) os estudos literários, a partir de Barcellos (2006), Fernandes & Schneider (2017), (b) os estudos de gênero, sobretudo a partir de Butler (2010; 2013) e (c) as etnografias sobre travestis brasileiras, a partir de Kulick (2008), Benedetti (2005) e Pelúcio (2009). Os resultados buscam demonstrar o quanto as personagens promovem rachaduras nos dogmas tradicionais de gênero e de sexualidades, subvertendo conceitos essencialistas, mesmo tendo sido criadas em textos literários que vieram a público em um período de repressão como no início da ditadura militar do Brasil, instaurada em 1964.

Objetivo: caracterizar a obesidade abdominal e verificar os indicadores associados em estudantes de 11 a 16 anos de idade em cidades do Brasil e da Espanha. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico, com 402 estudantes (G-ESP: n=165; G-BRA: n=237). As variáveis: sexo, idade, dependência administrativa da escola, estatura, massa corporal, pressão arterial, comportamento sedentário, nível de atividade física, colesterol total, lipoproteínas de baixa e alta densidade, triglicerídeos, glicose em jejum foram analisadas. Resultados: As meninas do G-ESP apresentaram significativamente menor prevalência de obesidade abdominal, razão cintura estatura elevada, colesterol total elevado, comportamento sedentário, triglicerídeos elevados em comparação com as do G-BRA. Os meninos do G-ESP apresentaram melhores resultados de obesidade abdominal, razão cintura estatura elevada, pouco ativos, comportamento sedentário e triglicerídeos elevado em comparação com os do G-BRA. De acordo com o teste de razão de prevalência na análise bruta realizada nos G-ESP e G-BRA, os estudantes com sobrepeso e obesidade e razão cintura estatura elevada foram os mais prováveis para apresentar o desfecho. Na análise ajustada, os estudantes com sobrepeso e obesidade e com razão cintura estatura elevada, apresentaram significativamente maior probabilidade em apresentar também a obesidade abdominal. Conclusão: foram encontradas prevalências elevadas de vários fatores de risco, com resultados melhores entre os estudantes espanhóis, na maioria dos indicadores, sendo que, apenas as variáveis antropométricas (índice de massa corporal e razão cintura estatura) foram associados à obesidade abdominal entre os estudantes de cidades do Brasil e da Espanha. ABSTRACT Associated indicators to abdominal obesity in brazilian and spanish students aged 11 to 16 yearsObjective: to characterize abdominal obesity and to verify the associated indicators in students aged 11 to 16 years in cities of Brazil and Spain. Materials

The evolutionary history of the wolf-like canids of the genus Canis has been heavily debated, especially regarding the number of distinct species and their relationships at the population and species level [1–6]. We assembled a dataset of 48 resequenced genomes spanning all members of the genus Canis except the black-backed and side-striped jackals, encompassing the global diversity of seven extant canid lineages. This includes eight new genomes, including the first resequenced Ethiopian wolf (Canis simensis), one dhole (Cuon alpinus), two East African hunting dogs (Lycaon pictus), two Eurasian golden jackals (Canis aureus), and two Middle Eastern gray wolves (Canis lupus). The relationships between the Ethiopian wolf, African golden wolf, and golden jackal were resolved. We highlight the role of interspecific hybridization in the evolution of this charismatic group. Specifically, we find gene flow between the ancestors of the dhole and African hunting dog and admixture between the gray wolf, coyote (Canis latrans), golden jackal, and African golden wolf. Additionally, we report gene flow from gray and Ethiopian wolves to the African golden wolf, suggesting that the African golden wolf originated through hybridization between these species. Finally, we hypothesize that coyotes and gray wolves carry genetic material derived from a “ghost” basal canid lineage. Gopalakrishnan et al. present evidence of pervasive gene flow among species of the genus Canis. In addition to previously known admixture events, they find evidence of gene flow from a “ghost” canid, related to the dhole, into the ancestor of the gray wolf and coyote. Further, they suggest that the African golden wolf is a species of hybrid origin.

Solar concentrator photovoltaic collectors are able to deliver energy at higher temperatures for the same irradiances, since they are related to smaller areas for which heat losses occur. However, to ensure the system reliability, adequate collector geometry and appropriate choice of the materials used in these systems will be crucial. The present work focuses on the re-design of the Concentrating Photovoltaic system (C-PV) collector reflector presently manufactured by the company Solarus, together with an analysis based on the annual assessment of the solar irradiance in the collector. An open-source ray tracing code (Soltrace) is used to accomplish the modelling of optical systems in concentrating solar power applications. Symmetric parabolic reflector configurations are seen to improve the PV system performance when compared to the conventional structures currently used by Solarus. The parabolic geometries, using either symmetrically or asymmetrically placed receivers inside the collector, accomplished both the performance and cost-effectiveness goals: for almost the same area or costs, the new proposals for the PV system may be in some cases 70% more effective as far as energy output is concerned.

A modelling description of photovoltaic (PV) modules in a PSPICE environment is presented. To validate the simulation model, a lab prototype is used to create similar conditions as those existing in real photovoltaic systems. The effects of partial shading of solar cell strings and temperature on the performance of various PV modules are analyzed. The simulation results show a very good agreement with those obtained experimentally in similar conditions, either in lab, at Lisbon University, and under outdoor testing in Sweden, using PV solar collectors manufactured by Solarus Sunpower AB. The potential of the simulation analysis is highlighted as a flexible and powerful tool for the design of new and more competitive PV module configurations for the collectors in solar panels.

O presente trabalho discute a condição de subalternidade e de abjeção na construção de personagens centrais travestis na literatura brasileira do século XX. Para tanto, tomamos por base a noção de sujeito subalterno de Spivak (2010) e de sujeito abjeto de Butler (2010), relacionando seu espaço de “fala” na literatura a partir da maneira como personagens circulam nas narrativas. Faremos menção a alguns contos e romances brasileiros do século XX, para discutir a condição de subalternidade e abjeção dessas protagonistas, que dividimos em três eixos de representações recorrentes nas obras estudadas: violências sofridas, exílio da família e de cidades de nascimento, situação socioeconômica. O objetivo é chegar a um argumento crítico sobre a recorrente situação de subalternidade das protagonistas travestis na literatura brasileira, corroborando uma possível relação de mimetização ou de realismo nessa faceta da literatura homoerótica com o que se verifica no âmago de sociedades patriarcais e heteronormativas.

This thesis proposes a coupled continuous and hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin formulation to solve conjugate heat transfer problems. This model is then used to find the thermal response of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) tubular cross-section under fire. The first step of this thesis is to compare the computational efficiency of high-order Continuous Galerkin (CG) and Hybridizable Discontinuous Galerkin (HDG) methods for incompressible fluid flow problems in low Reynolds number regimes. Only 2-D examples and direct solvers are considered in the present work. A thoroughly comparison in terms of CPU time and accuracy for both discretization methods is made under the same platform. Various results presented suggests that HDG can be more efficient than CG when the CPU time, for a given degree, is considered. The stability of HDG and CG is studied using a manufactured solution that produces a sharp boundary layer, confirming that HDG provides smooth converged solutions in the presence of sharp fronts whereas, CG failed to converge due to the presence of numerical oscillations. Following, the solution of the coupled Navier-Stokes/convection-diffusion problem, using Boussinesq approximation, is formulated within the HDG framework and analysed using numerical experiments and benchmark problems. A coupling strategy between HDG and CG methods is proposed in the framework of second-order elliptic operators. The coupled formulation is implemented and its convergence properties are established numerically by using manufactured solutions. Finally, the proposed coupled formulation between HDG and CG for heat equation is combined with the coupled Navier--Stokes/convection diffusion equations to formulate a new CG-HDG model for solving conjugate heat transfer problems. Benchmark examples are solved using the proposed model and validated with literature values. The final part of the thesis applies the proposed CG-HDG coupled formulation to predict the thermal response of th, Neste trabalho é proposta uma formulação para acoplar os modelos continuous e hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin a fim de analisar problemas conjugados de transferência de calor. Este modelo é então usado para estudar a resposta térmica de perfis pultrudidos de secção tubular em polímero reforçado com fibras de vidro (GFRP) sob a acção do fogo. O primeiro passo desta tese é comparar a eficiência computacional dos métodos Continuous Galerkin (CG) e Hybridizable Discontinuous Galerkin (HDG) de elevada ordem para problemas de escoamento de fluidos incompressíveis para valores reduzidos do número Reynolds. Apenas exemplos bidimensionais e métodos directos são considerados no presente trabalho. Uma comparação exaustiva em termos de tempo de CPU e precisão para ambos os métodos de discretização é efectuada sob uma plataforma comum. Os resultados apresentados sugerem que, em termos do tempo de CPU requerido, o HDG pode ser mais eficiente que o CG, para um determinado grau. A estabilidade do HDG e CG é estudada usando uma solução fabricada que produz uma abrupta descontinuidade, confirmando que o HDG fornece soluções convergentes e suaves na presença de descontinuidades, enquanto o CG não conseguiu convergir devido à presença de oscilações numéricas. Em seguida, a solução do problema acoplado Navier-Stokes/convecção-difusão, utilizando a aproximação de Boussinesq, é formulada no contexto HDG e analisada usando soluções de referência. Uma estratégia de acoplamento entre os métodos HDG e CG é proposta no âmbito de operadores elípticos de segunda ordem. A formulação acoplada é implementada e suas propriedades de convergência são estabelecidas numericamente usando soluções fabricadas. Finalmente, a formulação acoplada proposta entre HDG e CG para a equação do calor é combinada com as equações acopladas de Navier-Stokes/convecção-difusão para formular um novo modelo de CG-HDG para resolver problemas de transferência de calor conjugado. Exemplos de referência são resolvidos usan, En esta tesis se propone una formulación acoplada del método de los elementos finitos clásico (CG) y el método Hybridizable Discontinuous Galerkin (HDG) para la a solución de problemas térmicos conjugados. El modelo se utiliza para determinar la respuesta al fuego de Polímeros Reforzados con Fibras de Vidrio (GFRP) con sección tubular. El primer paso de la tesis es la comparación de la eficiencia computacional de CG y HDG de alto orden para problemas de flujo incompresible para número de Reynolds (Re) bajo. Se consideran sólo ejemplos 2D y métodos de resolución de sistemas lineales directos. Se presenta una comparación en términos de tiempo de CPU y precisión en la solución para ambas discretizaciones, bajo la misma plataforma de implementación. Los resultados sugieren que HDG puede ser más eficiente computacionalmente que CG en tiempo de CPU, para un grado fijado. La estabilidad de HDG y CG para Re alto se estudia con una solución manufacturada que produce un frente pronunciado, confirmando que HDG proporciona soluciones convergidas suaves en presencia de frentes verticales, en casos en que las oscilaciones numéricas de CG no permiten llegar a convergencia. A continuación, se plantea la solución del problema acoplado Navier-Stokes/convección-difusión, con la aproximación de Boussinesq, en el contexto del método HDG, y se analiza con experimentos numéricos. Se propone una formulación acoplada HDG-CG para la ecuación del calor. Se comprueban numéricamente las propiedades de convergencia del método propuesto. Finalmente, se combina la formulación acoplada propuesta para la ecuación del calor con el acoplamiento con la ecuaciones de Navier-Stokes en el dominio del fluido, creando una nueva formulación CG-HDG para problemas térmicos conjugados. Se consideran tests clásicos para validar los resultados comparando con la literatura existente. La parte final de la tesis aplica la formulación acoplada CG-HDG propuesta a la predicción de la respuesta térmica de secciones tubu, This thesis proposes a coupled continuous and hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin formulation to solve conjugate heat transfer problems. This model is then used to find the thermal response of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) tubular cross-section under fire. The first step of this thesis is to compare the computational efficiency of high-order Continuous Galerkin (CG) and Hybridizable Discontinuous Galerkin (HDG) methods for incompressible fluid flow problems in low Reynolds number regimes. Only 2-D examples and direct solvers are considered in the present work. A thoroughly comparison in terms of CPU time and accuracy for both discretization methods is made under the same platform. Various results presented suggests that HDG can be more efficient than CG when the CPU time, for a given degree, is considered. The stability of HDG and CG is studied using a manufactured solution that produces a sharp boundary layer, confirming that HDG provides smooth converged solutions in the presence of sharp fronts whereas, CG failed to converge due to the presence of numerical oscillations. Following, the solution of the coupled Navier–Stokes/convection-diffusion problem, using Boussinesq approximation, is formulated within the HDG framework and analysed using numerical experiments and benchmark problems. A coupling strategy between HDG and CG methods is proposed in the framework of second-order elliptic operators. The coupled formulation is implemented and its convergence properties are established numerically by using manufactured solutions. Finally, the proposed coupled formulation between HDG and CG for heat equation is combined with the coupled Navier–Stokes/convection diffusion equations to formulate a new CG-HDG model for solving conjugate heat transfer problems. Benchmark examples are solved using the proposed model and validated with literature values. The final part of the thesis applies the proposed CG-HDG coupled formulation to predict the thermal response of the, Neste trabalho é proposta uma formulação para acoplar os modelos continuous e hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin a fim de analisar problemas conjugados de transferência de calor. Este modelo é então usado para estudar a resposta térmica de perfis pultrudidos de secção tubular em polímero reforçado com fibras de vidro (GFRP) sob a acção do fogo. O primeiro passo desta tese é comparar a eficiência computacional dos métodos continuous Galerkin (CG) e Hybridizable Discontinuous Galerkin (HDG) de elevada ordem para problemas de escoamento de fluidos incompressíveis para valores reduzidos do número Reynolds. Apenas exemplos bidimensionais e métodos directos são considerados no presente trabalho. Uma comparação exaustiva em termos de tempo de CPU e precisão para ambos os métodos de discretização é efectuada sob uma plataforma comum. Os resultados apresentados sugerem que, em termos do tempo de CPU requerido, o HDG pode ser mais eficiente que o CG, para um determinado grau. A estabilidade do HDG e CG é estudada usando uma solução fabricada que produz uma abrupta descontinuidade, confirmando que o HDG fornece soluções convergentes e suaves na presença de descontinuidades, enquanto o CG não conseguiu convergir devido à presença de oscilações numéricas. Em seguida, a solução do problema acoplado Navier-Stokes/convecção-difusão, utilizando a aproximação de Boussinesq, é formulada no contexto HDG e analisada usando soluções de referência. Uma estratégia de acoplamento entre os métodos HDG e CG é proposta no âmbito de operadores elípticos de segunda ordem. A formulação acoplada é implementada e suas propriedades de convergência são estabelecidas numericamente usando soluções fabricadas. Finalmente, a formulação acoplada proposta entre HDG e CG para a equação do calor é combinada com as equações acopladas de Navier-Stokes/convecção-difusão para formular um novo modelo de CG-HDG para resolver problemas de transferência de calor conjugado. Exemplos de referência são resolvidos usan, En esta tesis se propone una formulación acoplada del método de los elementos finitos clásico (CG) y el método Hybridizable Discontinuous Galerkin (HDG) para la a solución de problemas térmicos conjugados. El modelo se utiliza para determinar la respuesta al fuego de Polímeros Reforzados con Fibras de Vidrio (GFRP) con sección tubular. El primer paso de la tesis es la comparación de la eficiencia computacional de CG y HDG de alto orden para problemas de flujo incompresible para número de Reynolds (Re) bajo. Se consideran sólo ejemplos 2D y métodos de resolución de sistemas lineales directos. Se presenta una comparación en términos de tiempo de CPU y precisión en la solución para ambas discretizaciones, bajo la misma plataforma de implementación. Los resultados sugieren que HDG puede ser más eficiente computacionalmente que CG en tiempo de CPU, para un grado fijado. La estabilidad de HDG y CG para Re alto se estudia con una solución manufacturada que produce un frente pronunciado, confirmando que HDG proporciona soluciones convergidas suaves en presencia de frentes verticales, en casos en que las oscilaciones numéricas de CG no permiten llegar a convergencia. A continuación, se plantea la solución del problema acoplado Navier-Stokes/conveccióndifusión, con la aproximación de Boussinesq, en el contexto del método HDG, y se analiza con experimentos numéricos. Se propone una formulación acoplada HDG-CG para la ecuación del calor. Se comprueban numéricamente las propiedades de convergencia del método propuesto. Finalmente, se combina la formulación acoplada propuesta para la ecuación del calor con el acoplamiento con la ecuaciones de Navier-Stokes en el dominio del fluido, creando una nueva formulación CG-HDG para problemas térmicos conjugados. Se consideran ejemplos clásicos para validar los resultados comparando con la literatura existente. La parte final de la tesis aplica la formulación acoplada CG-HDG propuesta a la predicción de la respuesta térmica de secciones tu, Postprint (published version)

High Frequency Radar (HFR) is a land-based remote sensing instrument offering a unique insight to coastal ocean variability, by providing synoptic, high frequency and high resolution data at the ocean atmosphere interface. HFRs have become invaluable tools in the field of operational oceanography for measuring surface currents, waves and winds, with direct applications in different sectors and an unprecedented potential for the integrated management of the coastal zone. In Europe, the number of HFR networks has been showing a significant growth over the past 10 years, with over 50 HFRs currently deployed and a number in the planning stage. There is also a growing literature concerning the use of this technology in research and operational oceanography. A big effort is made in Europe toward a coordinated development of coastal HFR technology and its products within the framework of different European and international initiatives. One recent initiative has been to make an up-to-date inventory of the existing HFR operational systems in Europe, describing the characteristics of the systems, their operational products and applications. This paper offers a comprehensive review on the present status of European HFR network, and discusses the next steps toward the integration of HFR platforms as operational components of the European Ocean Observing System, designed to align and integrate Europe's ocean observing capacity for a truly integrated end-to-end observing system for the European coasts.

Fernando Osorio do Campo was one of the most outstanding men of the Irmandades da Fala theatrical movement, but this figure remains a mystery for Galician theatrical historiography. The news related to the creation of the Conservatorio Nacional de Arte Galega record his birth in A Coruña as well as the theatrical education he received in Lisbon. However, we know very little about him in the period before 1919 and since 1924 –when he published the play Desourentación–. We know nothing of his passage through life except for Donega’s biographical note published in 1971 “Un home, unha aventura, un tempo”, an article in which future secretary of the Real Academia Galega (Galician Academy) collects surprising moments of an intense life across three continents and informs of plays by Osorio still unpublished. In this paper, we report the research process carried out since 2008 through half a dozen countries on life and plays of Fernando Osorio, on the meaning of making a biography, on the investigative techniques used to achieve the goal of constructing a documented Osorio’s story, as well as of publishing and disseminating the fortunately found plays., La figura de uno de los hombres más destacados del movimiento teatral de las Irmandades da Fala, Fernando Osorio do Campo, seguía siendo un misterio para la historiografía teatral gallega. Las noticias relativas a la creación del Conservatorio Nacional de Arte Galega informaban de su origen coruñés y de la formación dramática recibida en Lisboa, pero era muy poco lo que sabíamos de ese periodo anterior al año 1919. Por otra parte, las sombras ocultaban de nuevo el recorrido vital de Osorio desde 1924 –año en que publica la obra teatral Desourentación– y no conocíamos nada de su paso por el mundo salvo la nota biográfica publicada en 1971 por Marino Dónega bajo el título “Un home, unha aventura, un tempo”, un artículo en que el que sería secretario de la RAG recogía momentos sorprendentes de una intensa vida por tres continentes e informaba de textos dramáticos de su autoría que hoy todavía siguen inéditos. En el presente trabajo se relata el proceso de investigación realizado desde 2008 por media docena de países sobre la vida y la obra teatral de Fernando Osorio, así como del propio sentido de dar hoy forma a una biografía, de las técnicas de investigación puestas en práctica para conseguir el objetivo de construir un relato documentado de la vida de Osorio y editar y difundir los textos teatrales felizmente localizados., A figura dun dos homes máis relevantes do movemento teatral das Irmandades da Fala, Fernando Osorio do Campo, viña sendo un misterio para a historiografía teatral galega. As noticias relativas á creación do Conservatorio Nacional de Arte Galega informaban da súa orixe coruñesa e da formación dramática recibida en Lisboa, mais era moi pouco o que coñecíamos dese período anterior ao ano 1919. Por súa vez, as tebras ocultaban de novo o percurso vital de Osorio desde 1924 –ano en que publica a obra teatral Desourentación– e non coñecíamos cousa ningunha do seu paso polo mundo fóra dunha lembranza publicada en 1971 por Marino Dónega sob o título “Un home, unha aventura, un tempo”, un artigo en que o que sería secretario da RAG recollía momentos sorprendentes dunha intensa vida desenvolvida en tres continentes e informaba de textos dramáticos da súa autoría que aínda permanecen inéditos. No presente traballo dáse conta do proceso de pesquisa realizado desde 2008 por media ducia de países á volta da vida e da obra teatral de Fernando Osorio, ben como do propio sentido de moldar hoxe unha biografía e das técnicas de investigación postas en práctica para atinxir o albo de construír un relato documentado da vida de Osorio e editar e difundir os textos teatrais felizmente localizados.

Os objetivos desta investigação são esclarecer a procedência teórica dos chamados metaparadigmas de Enfermagem, explicitar os tipos de concepções de mundo segundo Wilhelm Dilthey diante da concepção de paradigma em Thomas Kuhn, propor dois conceitos substantivos identificados em escritos nacionais de Enfermagem. A investigação é teórica, o método é indutivo, a técnica é descritivo-analítica e a abordagem é histórica. Os resultados encontrados são: o aparente consenso sobre os metaparadigmas de Enfermagem não procedem de apurada investigação epistemológica; não há similaridade conceitual das significações de metaparadigma em Margaret Mastermann e a concepção de metaparadigmas na Enfermagem; a noção de paradigma em Thomas Kuhn tem semelhanças com a anterior teoría de concepções de mundo em Wilhelm Dilthey. As conclusões propositivas são: corpo e cuidado são conceitos substantivos; relacionamento terapêutico é conceito conjuntivo; cuidado de Enfermagem é conceito adjetivo. Aos três tipos de conceitos tem-se a conexão fundamental da vivência (Erlebnis). Tendo-se por objeto de estudo o corpo mediador do cuidado de Enfermagem, em termos aristotélicos pode-se dizer que o corpo é causa material, o corpo mediador é causa formal, o relacionamento terapéutico no processo de cuidado é causa eficiente, o cuidado de Enfermagem é causa final., Los objetivos de la investigación consisten en clarificar el origen teórico de los llamados metaparadigmas de Enfermería, aclarar los tipos de concepciones del mundo segundo de Wilhelm Dilthey en relación al concepto de paradigma en Thomas Kuhn, proponer dos conceptos sustantivos identificados en los escritos nacionales de enfermería. La investigación es teórica, el método es inductivo, la técnica es descriptivo-analítica y el enfoque es histórico. Los resultados son: los consensos sobre los metaparadigmas de Enfermería son solamente aparentes en el contexto de una investigación epistemológica refinada; no existe similitud conceptual de significados de metaparadigma en Margaret Mastermann y su uso en la enfermería; el paradigma en Thomas Kuhn tiene similitudes con la teoría anterior de concepciones del mundo en Wilhelm Dilthey. Las propuestas concluyentes son: el cuidado y el cuerpo son conceptos sustantivos; la relación terapéutica es un concepto conectivo; el cuidado de enfermería es concepto adjetivo. Los tres tipos de conceptos tienen por conexión fundamental el concepto de vivencia (Erlebnis). Si tener por objeto de estudio el cuerpo mediador de los cuidados de enfermería, en términos aristotélicos se puede decir que: el cuerpo es causa material, el cuerpo mediador es causa formal, la relación terapéutica en el proceso de cuidado es causa eficiente, el cuidado de enfermería es causa final., The research objectives are to clarify the theoretical origin of so-called Nursing metaparadigmas, explicit kinds of seconds Wilhelm Dilthey worldviews on the paradigm concept in Thomas Kuhn, propose two nouns concepts identified in national Nursing writings. The research is theoretical, the method is inductive, the technique is descriptive-analytic and the approach is historical. Results: the apparent consensus on the Nursing metaparadigmas is more didactic than coming from refined epistemological research; there is no conceptual similarity of metaparadigm of meanings in Margaret Mastermann and designing metaparadigmas in nursing; the notion of paradigm in Thomas Kuhn has similarities to the earlier theory of world views in Wilhelm Dilthey. Purposeful conclusion: body and care are nouns concepts; therapeutic relationship is connective concept; Nursing care is adjective concept. The three types of concepts has been the fundamental connection experience (Erlebnis). If having for object of study the mediator body of nursing care, in Aristotelian terms it can be said that the body is material cause, the mediator body is formal cause, the therapeutic relationship in the care process is efficient cause, care Nursing is final cause.

Road barrier effect is among the foremost negative impacts of roads on wildlife. Knowledge of the factors responsible for the road barrier effect is crucial to understand and predict species' responses to roads, and to improve mitigation measures in the context of management and conservation. We built a set of hypothesis aiming to infer the most probable cause of road barrier effect (traffic effect or road surface avoidance), while controlling for the potentially confounding effects road width, traffic volume and road age. The wood mouse Apodemus sylvaticus was used as a model species of small and forest-dwelling mammals, which are more likely to be affected by gaps in cover such as those resulting from road construction. We confront genetic patterns from opposite and same roadsides from samples of three highways and used computer simulations to infer migration rates between opposite roadsides. Genetic patterns from 302 samples (ca. 100 per highway) suggest that the highway barrier effect for wood mouse is due to road surface avoidance. However, from the simulations we estimated a migration rate of about 5% between opposite roadsides, indicating that some limited gene flow across highways does occur. To reduce highway impact on population genetic diversity and structure, possible mitigation measures could include retrofitting of culverts and underpasses to increase their attractiveness and facilitate their use by wood mice and other species, and setting aside roadside strips without vegetation removal to facilitate establishment and dispersal of small mammals.

Numerical simulation results and modeling on the electrical features of concentrating photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) using the free circuit simulation package from linear technology corporation (LTSPICE) are presented. The effects of partial shading of cell strings and temperature are analyzed, showing very good agreement with the results obtained experimentally in lab, at Lisbon University, and under outdoor testing using similar receivers, at the SME Solarus Sunpower AB, a Swedish company whose mission is the development, production, and marketing of concentrated solar technology to the world market. The potential of the used methodology for the design of the solar cell configuration is emphasized as an important tool to optimize PV and PVT performances in the energy conversion process., Funding agencies:FCT through IDMEC under LAETA Grant no: UID/EMS/50022/2013FCT through IDMEC under IT Grant no: UID/EEA/50008/2013