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Objectives: Innovative precision dietary procedures are required to promote healthy aging. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a personalised strategy based on the inclusion of individualised foods and digital tools on overall health status and quality of life within a follow-up of 3 months in older adults with overweight or obesity. Methods: 127 men and women aged between 50 and 80 years with overweight/obesity participated in the study-between January 2020 and September 2020 at the Center for Nutrition Research-University of Navarra and IMDEA-ALIMENTACIÓN-and were randomly assigned to a usual-care group (standard recommendations) or precision group (precision nutrition strategy based on the inclusion of individualised foods and a mobile application). Anthropometry, body fat percentage, biochemical parameters, diet, and quality of life (SF-36 Health Survey) were assessed at baseline and after 3 months. Results: Both strategies were found to improve overall metabolic health; however, the precision approach demonstrated significantly better outcomes. The precision strategy reduced body weight at 3 months (-4.3 kg; p < 0.001) with significant improvements in body fat percentage, blood pressure and general metabolic health (glycated haemoglobin; alanine aminotransferase; aspartate aminotransferase; hepatic steatosis index) in comparison with the standard recommendations. The precision approach significantly enhanced the quality of life (SF-36) of individuals, with additional improvements in emotional well-being (p = 0.024) and vitality (p = 0.008). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was significantly associated with a higher quality of life and vitality. Conclusion: These results support the benefit of precision nutrition approaches for promoting healthy aging and emotional well-being, enhancing the quality of life in aging populations, during the COVID-19 pandemic., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Depto. de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Fac. de Farmacia, TRUE, pub, APC financiada por la UCM

ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore the acceptability, feasibility, usability, and preliminary effect of an electronic patient-reported outcome (ePRO) intervention for patients with breast cancer in Mexico.DesignWe conducted a multimethod non-randomised pilot study. We used a pre-test/post-test design for quantitative assessment of the intervention's effect on patients' supportive care needs and quality of life. We conducted in-depth interviews (IDIs) with participants and healthcare workers to explore the intervention's benefits and barriers and understand its feasibility.Participants50 women aged 20-75 diagnosed with stage I-III breast cancer were enrolled within 2 weeks of starting neoadjuvant or adjuvant treatment with chemotherapy or radiotherapy. We excluded illiterate women and those with visual impairment, cognitive disability or severe depression. IDIs were conducted with 18 participants and 10 healthcare providers.SettingOncology services in three public hospitals of the Mexican Social Security Institute.InterventionThe ePRO intervention consisted of a responsive web application for weekly symptom reporting combined with proactive follow-up by nurses guided by predefined clinical algorithms for 6 weeks.Results50 women were enrolled out of 66 eligible patients approached (75.8%). All 50 completed the 4-week follow-up assessment (100% retention). Completion of the symptom registry declined from 100% in week 1 to 66% in week 6. Participants experienced decreases in supportive care needs and increased quality of life. The ePRO application was rated highly usable. Participants and health professionals both perceived intervention benefits. Drawbacks included poor fit for women receiving radiotherapy and challenges using the application for women with low digital literacy or experiencing severe symptoms.ConclusionsThis pilot study provided evidence of the high usability and potential efficacy of a web-based ePRO intervention. We revised recruitment during the p

This thesis project investigates the granular flow of wood pellets inside a pilot-scale rotary kiln and its impact on the pyrolysis process. The study focuses on two key factors that must be determined to evaluate their effects on pyrolysis: the mass flow rate delivered by the feeding system at different motor frequencies and the mean residence time (MRT) of the wood pellets. The research is divided into two parts: the first characterizes granular flow without heat application, while the second examines the system behavior under high-temperature pyrolysis conditions. For the first part, the mass flow rate was assessed by measuring the emptying time of the feeding silo at different screw velocities. In contrast, the MRT was determinedwith two scenarios: (1) batches of different masses of wood pellets and (2) continuousfeed until a stable solid bed was formed that allowed tracer particle tracking. In the second part of the study, the drum’s rotational speed and fed mass flow rate were varied. Results indicated a direct proportionality between the mass flow rate delivered by the feeding systems and the screw motor frequency. Additionally, the MRT was found to follow an inverse relation with the drum’s rotational speed if the process was done in batches. In contrast, the MRT was 20 minutes at a feeding rate of 51 kg h-1 and a drum’s rotational speed of 0.36 rad s -1 with a continuous feeding process. Finally, the study concludes that the wood pellet feed rate and drum rotational speed significantly influence the pyrolysis process in the rotary kiln. The system remained stable for wood pellets inside the rotary drum, starting with a feeding rate of 8 kg h-1 and scaling up until a maximum of 21 kg h-1. This behavior is evidenced by the direct proportionality between the evolution of flue gas and pyrolysis gas temperatures over time and the necessity to adjust air supply to maintain system stability.

[ES] En este proyecto pretendemos diseñar una turbina de gas de baja potencia destinada a la generación de energía y que funcione con un combustible alternativo de bajo poder calorífico. Comenzaremos con la selección del combustible de entre los más comunes utilizados para turbinas de gas y valoraremos otros combustibles alternativos, para finalmente decidir que nuestra turbina funcionará con pellet como fuente de energía. Una vez conocida la composición del pellet calcularemos algunos de los parámetros más importantes como el dosado, la curva de eficiencia y la relación de presiones a la que trabajará. Sabiendo esto podremos obtener otros factores propios de nuestra turbina, entre estos la potencia, el número de etapas y las dimensiones de estas. Conociendo estos valores seremos capaces de hacer un diseño simple de la turbina con la herramienta inventor., [EN] The project presented aims to analyse and design a low-power gas turbine for distributed energy systems and green energy. The design of this turbine will follow a logical order, starting with the selection of the fuel that will operate the mechanism, and continuing with the necessary calculations based on established parameters for the final turbine design. One of the main focuses of this project will be the calculation of the turbine stages with their respective parameters (such as pressure and enthalpy), with special attention given to the last stage. The entire procedure will follow previously established conditions, which will serve as the foundation for the design and help limit and guide the desired results for the turbine. The first step has been to select the most suitable type of fuel from all available options for the turbine project. In this section, once the fuel type is selected, it is necessary to find a supplier that meets the required standards and is viable in a real-world environment. Once the final fuel is chosen, with the characteristics provided by the manufacturer, we begin to perform the calculations that will allow us to determine details such as the amount of fuel needed to achieve the previously established conditions. With the information obtained earlier, we will be able to gather new data, such as the number of turbine stages, and calculate their respective thermal parameters and other data such as the length of each stage and their velocity triangles. Once the calculations are completed, a plan of the axial cross-section of the turbine will be made using the Inventor tool, based on the data gathered throughout the previous chapters. Finally, the entire project is compiled into a conclusion that summarizes the main points discussed throughout the design and evaluates the final state of the turbine.

[ES] En este proyecto pretendemos diseñar una turbina de gas de baja potencia destinada a la generación de energía y que funcione con un combustible alternativo de bajo poder calorífico. Comenzaremos con la selección del combustible de entre los más comunes utilizados para turbinas de gas y valoraremos otros combustibles alternativos, para finalmente decidir que nuestra turbina funcionará con pellet como fuente de energía. Una vez conocida la composición del pellet calcularemos algunos de los parámetros más importantes como el dosado, la curva de eficiencia y la relación de presiones a la que trabajará. Sabiendo esto podremos obtener otros factores propios de nuestra turbina, entre estos la potencia, el número de etapas y las dimensiones de estas. Conociendo estos valores seremos capaces de hacer un diseño simple de la turbina con la herramienta inventor., [EN] The project presented aims to analyse and design a low-power gas turbine for distributed energy systems and green energy. The design of this turbine will follow a logical order, starting with the selection of the fuel that will operate the mechanism, and continuing with the necessary calculations based on established parameters for the final turbine design. One of the main focuses of this project will be the calculation of the turbine stages with their respective parameters (such as pressure and enthalpy), with special attention given to the last stage. The entire procedure will follow previously established conditions, which will serve as the foundation for the design and help limit and guide the desired results for the turbine. The first step has been to select the most suitable type of fuel from all available options for the turbine project. In this section, once the fuel type is selected, it is necessary to find a supplier that meets the required standards and is viable in a real-world environment. Once the final fuel is chosen, with the characteristics provided by the manufacturer, we begin to perform the calculations that will allow us to determine details such as the amount of fuel needed to achieve the previously established conditions. With the information obtained earlier, we will be able to gather new data, such as the number of turbine stages, and calculate their respective thermal parameters and other data such as the length of each stage and their velocity triangles. Once the calculations are completed, a plan of the axial cross-section of the turbine will be made using the Inventor tool, based on the data gathered throughout the previous chapters. Finally, the entire project is compiled into a conclusion that summarizes the main points discussed throughout the design and evaluates the final state of the turbine.

This thesis project investigates the granular flow of wood pellets inside a pilot-scale rotary kiln and its impact on the pyrolysis process. The study focuses on two key factors that must be determined to evaluate their effects on pyrolysis: the mass flow rate delivered by the feeding system at different motor frequencies and the mean residence time (MRT) of the wood pellets. The research is divided into two parts: the first characterizes granular flow without heat application, while the second examines the system behavior under high-temperature pyrolysis conditions. For the first part, the mass flow rate was assessed by measuring the emptying time of the feeding silo at different screw velocities. In contrast, the MRT was determinedwith two scenarios: (1) batches of different masses of wood pellets and (2) continuousfeed until a stable solid bed was formed that allowed tracer particle tracking. In the second part of the study, the drum’s rotational speed and fed mass flow rate were varied. Results indicated a direct proportionality between the mass flow rate delivered by the feeding systems and the screw motor frequency. Additionally, the MRT was found to follow an inverse relation with the drum’s rotational speed if the process was done in batches. In contrast, the MRT was 20 minutes at a feeding rate of 51 kg h-1 and a drum’s rotational speed of 0.36 rad s -1 with a continuous feeding process. Finally, the study concludes that the wood pellet feed rate and drum rotational speed significantly influence the pyrolysis process in the rotary kiln. The system remained stable for wood pellets inside the rotary drum, starting with a feeding rate of 8 kg h-1 and scaling up until a maximum of 21 kg h-1. This behavior is evidenced by the direct proportionality between the evolution of flue gas and pyrolysis gas temperatures over time and the necessity to adjust air supply to maintain system stability.

Innovative precision dietary procedures are required to promote healthy aging. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a personalised strategy based on the inclusion of individualised foods and digital tools on overall health status and quality of life within a follow-up of 3 months in older adults with overweight or obesity.

Acknowledgements We thank K. Spellman, S. Schwinning and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments on a previous version of the manuscript and the Spanish ‘Guardia Civil’ for their technical assistance during the field work. This research was funded by the European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC Grant agreement no. 242658 (BIOCOM) awarded to FTM. JLQ acknowledges support from the BIOCOM project. FTM acknowledges support from the Spanish Ministerio de Educación (‘Salvador de Madariaga program’, PR2010-0230) during the writing of the manuscript., 1. Habitat filtering (

This work proposes a geographically-based split of the community microgrids into clusters of members that tend to have similar consumption and generation profiles. Assuming a community microgrid divided into clusters, a two-layer architecture is developed to facilitate the greater penetration of distributed energy resources in an efficient way. The first layer, referred as the market layer, is responsible for creating local energy markets with the aim of maximising the economic benefits for community microgrid members. The second layer is responsible for the network reconfiguration, which is based on the energy balance within each cluster. This layer complies with the IEC 61850 communication standard, in order to control commercial sectionalizing and tie switches. This allows the community microgrid network to be reconfigured to minimise energy exchanges with the main grid. To implement this two-layer energy management strategy, an aperiodic market approach based on Blockchain technology, and the additional functionality offered by Smart Contracts is adopted. This embraces the concept of energy communities since it decentralizes the control and eliminates intermediaries. The use of aperiodic control techniques helps to overcome the challenges of using Blockchain technology in terms of storage, computational requirements and member privacy. The scalability and modularity of the Smart Contract-based system allow each cluster of members to be designed by tailoring the system to their specific needs. The implementation of this strategy is based on low-cost off-the-shelf devices, such as Raspberry Pi 4 Model B boards, which operate as Blockchain nodes of community microgrid members. Finally, the strategy has been validated by emulating two use cases based on the IEEE 123-node system network model highlighting the benefits of the proposal.

Understanding how the interactions between solar UV radiation and climate will affect leaf litter decomposition is fundamental to predict how soil and ecosystem biogeochemical cycles will respond to ongoing climate change. We carried out a manipulative experiment to investigate how UV radiation and its interaction with increased temperature (3 C on average) and a ~35% reduction in precipitation affect the decomposition of “standing” and “on the ground” litter of Stipa tenacissima, a dominant species in semiarid Mediterranean grasslands. UV radiation was manipulated using specially designed screens that either passed or blocked 90% of the UV radiation. All climate change manipulation treatments decreased litter decomposition compared to the control treatment. In particular, litter decay rates were reduced by a 34%, 43% and 62% in the rainfall reduction (RE), warming (W), and the combination of warming and rainfall reduction (WRE) treatments, respectively, compared to the control treatment. Across climate manipulation treatments, higher decay rates were observed in litter exposed to UV radiation than in litter non-exposed to UV radiation, and in litter placed on the ground than in standing litter. However, significant interactions were found between climate manipulation and UV exposure or position treatments. In the control and RE treatments, litter on the ground decomposed 25% faster than standing litter. In theWand WRE treatments, litter decomposition rates increased by 29% when exposed to UV radiation despite lower overall decay rates were observed in these treatments. Overall, lignin losses were parallelled by increases in soluble cell materials, particularly when litter was exposed to UV radiation. Our results indicate that predicted climate change scenarios will likely reduce leaf litter decomposition rates, while enhancing the relative contribution of photodegradation to overall litter decomposition in dry perennial Mediterranean grasslands., Consejo Europeo de Investigación. 7º Programa Marco de Investigación, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO), Depto. de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Fac. de Ciencias Biológicas, TRUE, pub

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) is a plant native to the Amazon, which has spread as an economically important crop to other tropical regions. In Mexico it is grown in different regions, especially in the southeast of the country, where the root and, to a lesser extent, the foliage, is consumed by the population. In the state of Campeche there is a wide variety of cultivars or varieties, although food consumption is relatively low. It remains a potentially relevant species for agrifood security in the face of climate change. In order to expand the information on the productive yield of cassava, fresh roots were harvested and weighed, as well as the dry flour obtained from 16 accessions from the germplasm bank of the Instituto Tecnológico de Chiná, in Campeche, which had been established in an area with soil identified as ferric luvisol or k`an kab in the Mayan classification. Non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance and Mann-Whitney rank test were performed to categorize yields. There are statistical differences among the different germplasms. The accessions yielded between 0.13 and 5.87 kg/plant, with a mean of 2.59 kg/plant, representing root biomass yields between 1.3 and 58.7 t/ha, and an average of 25.9 t/ha, in planting frames of 1 plant/m2 (10000 plants/ha). The dry meal obtained from these ranged from 0.1 to 6.4 t/ha. This may constitute a preliminary evidence that the germplasm collected in the bank is composed of phenotypes or even potential varieties, which respond differently, and some even outstandingly, to the environment, making possible subsequent processes of selection and inclusion of the best cultivars in local production systems., Resumen La yuca o mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz.), es una planta originaria de la Amazonía, que se ha extendido como cultivo de importancia económica a otras regiones tropicales. En México se cultiva en distintas regiones, destacando el sureste del país, donde la raíz y, en menor proporción el follaje, es consumido por la población. En el estado de Campeche se tiene una amplia variedad de cultivares o variedades, aunque el consumo alimenticio es relativamente bajo. Permanece como una especie potencialmente relevante para la seguridad agroalimentaria ante el cambio climático. Con el propósito de ampliar la información sobre el rendimiento productivo de la yuca se cosecharon y pesaron las raíces frescas, así como de la harina seca obtenida a partir de 16 accesiones del banco de germoplasma del Instituto Tecnológico de Chiná, en Campeche, que habían sido establecidas en un área con suelo identificado como luvisol férrico o k`an kab en la clasificación Maya. Se realizó análisis de varianza no paramétrica de Kruskal-Wallis y prueba de rangos de Mann-Whitney para categorizar los rendimientos. Hay diferencias estadísticas entre los distintos germoplasmas. Las accesiones rindieron entre 0.13 y 5.87 kg/planta, con media en 2.59 kg/planta, que representan rendimientos de biomasa de raíces entre 1.3 y 58.7 t/ha, y un promedio de 25.9 t/ha, en marcos de siembra de 1 planta/m2 (10000 plantas/ha). La harina seca obtenida de estas fluctuó entre 0.1 y 6.4 t/ha. Esto puede constituir una evidencia preliminar de que el germoplasma reunido en el banco está integrado por fenotipos o incluso potenciales variedades, que responden de manera distinta y algunas incluso sobresaliente, al ambiente, posibilitando procesos posteriores de selección e inclusión de los mejores cultivares en los sistemas de producción locales.

[ES] FIVE es un framework para la generación de Entornos Virtuales Inteligentes basados en Unity en el que se sitúan agentes inteligentes SPADE. El objetivo del presente trabajo es desarrollar un programa que permita la creación de entornos virtuales que simulen terrenos de cultivo reales, a partir de datos geográficos de dichos terrenos reales (coordenadas, imagen satelital, …). Estas simulaciones se crearán en Unity y estarán integradas en la herramienta FIVE, y tendrán en cuenta el relieve existente en el terreno original así como la morfología de los cultivos en el mismo. Para ello, el trabajo también incluirá el desarrollo de diferentes modelos de árboles, arbustos y plantas que compondrán esos huertos, con tal de conseguir una simulación lo más cercana a la disposición del terreno real. La herramienta a construir debe permitir de forma transparente el acceso a las diferentes fuentes de información que permitan obtener los datos de un terreno real determinado, y la selección de la parcela correspondiente a muestrear., [EN] FIVE is a framework for the generation of Intelligent Virtual Environments based on Unity in which SPADE intelligent agents are placed. The aim of this work is to develop a program that allows the creation of virtual environments that simulate real farmland, based on geographical data of the real land (coordinates, satellite image, ...). These simulations will be created in Unity and will be integrated into the FIVE tool, and will take into account the existing relief of the original terrain as well as the morphology of the crops on it. To this end, the work will also include the development of different models of trees, bushes and plants that will make up these orchards, in order to achieve a simulation as close as possible to the layout of the real terrain. The tool to be built must transparently allow access to the different sources of information to obtain the data of a given real plot, and the selection of the corresponding plot to be sampled.

The discovery of a few populations belonging to a species not found in the province of Burgos (Spain) before is provided, as long as its related biogeographical, ecological and chorological interests. Therefore, the peninsular range of this species is widened. K, Se aporta información sobre el hallazgo de tres reducidas poblaciones de una especie de orquídea no citada previamente para la provincia de Burgos, Orchis papilionacea L. y sus aspectos ecológicos, corológicos y biogeográficos. Se amplía de esta manera la distribución de la especie a nivel peninsular

CRUE-CSIC (Acuerdos Transformativos 2022), Objective The aim of the study was to assess the impact of clinical and metabolic parameters derived from 18F-FDG PET/CT (positron emission tomography–computed tomography) in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) on prognosis. Methods Patients with LACC of stage IB2-IVA treated by primary radiochemotherapy followed by brachytherapy were enrolled in this retrospective study. Indexes derived from standardized uptake value (SUV), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), and textural features of the primary tumor were measured for each patient. Overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates were calculated according to Kaplan–Meier and survival curves were compared using the log-rank test. Uni- and multivariate analyses were performed using the Cox regression model. Results A total of 116 patients were included. Median follow-up was 58 months (range: 1–129). A total of 36 (31%) patients died. Five-year OS and RFS rates were 69 and 60%, respectively. Univariate analyses indicated that FIGO stage, the presence of hydronephrosis, high CYFRA 21.1 levels, and textural features had a significant impact on OS and RFS. MTV as well as SCC-Ag concentration were also significantly associated with OS. On multivariate analysis, the presence of hydronephrosis, CYFRA 21.1, and sphericity were independent prognostics factors for OS and RFS. Also, SCC-Ag level, MTV, and GLZLM (gray-level zone length matrix) ZLNU (zone length non-uniformity) were significantly associated with OS. Conclusion Classical prognostic factors and tumor heterogeneity on pretreatment PET/CT were significantly associated with prognosis in patients with LACC., Depto. de Medicina, Depto. de Radiología, Rehabilitación y Fisioterapia, Fac. de Medicina, TRUE, pub

Acknowledgements We thank all people involved in the maintenance of the experiment. The study was supported by a British Ecological Society Small Research Grants (SR16/1364), by the Young Researchers R&D Project. Ref. M2165 – INTRANESTI – financed by Community of Madrid and Rey Juan Carlos University and by the Czech Science Foundation grant GA16-15012 S. E.V. was funded by the 2017 program for attracting and retaining talent of Comunidad de Madrid (no. 2017‐T2/ AMB‐5406). CPC was supported by the Estonian Research Council (project PSG293). J.D. acknowledges support from the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (IF/00950/2014 and 2020.03670.CEECIND) and the R&D Unit Center for Functional Ecology - Science for People and the Planet (CFE), with reference UIDB/04004/2020, financed by FCT/MCTES through national funds (PIDDAC)., Purpose Plant species diversity is expected to affect multiple ecosystem functions, such as soil nitrogen (N) availability. However, this effect may be related to the ecological differentiation between coexisting species, often expressed as either functional diversity (FD; diversity in traits) or phylogenetic diversity (PD; diversity in phylogenetic ancestry) within plant communities. Evidence for the independent and combined role of FD and PD on ecosystem functions is generally missing, as measures of FD and PD are usually confounded in empirical studies. Methods To solve this challenge we used an ad-hoc designed biodiversity experiment, with sown meadow plant communities forming independent combinations of FD and PD (low/low, low/high, high/low, high/high values, plus monocultures) and used ionexchange membranes to monitor changes in soil N (i.e. NH4 +-N and NO3 −-N) availability through time (four sampling times per year; i.e. seasonality). Results Our results showed a positive diversity effect for soil NH4 +-N, with mixture communities yielding higher levels of NH4 +-N than the corresponding monocultures. Within mixtures, communities with combinations of both high FD and PD showed the highest NH4 +-N availability. Most importantly, although seasonality strongly affected soil N availability, diversity effects were generally consistent through time in the case of NH4 +-N. In addition to these diversity effects, communities with higher proportion of nitrogen-fixing species also showed higher soil N availability. Conclusions Plant communities composed of species with larger ecological differences can sustain high levels of available NH4 +-N throughout the year, suggesting a stimulation of decomposition processes via the coexistence of plants with multiple strategies., Depto. de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Fac. de Ciencias Biológicas, TRUE, pub

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank all people that assisted with field and laboratory work, in particular Hana Dvořáková for helping with the experimental setup, and Miroslav Šrůtek for his permission to carry out the experiment on his land. We also thank Daniel A. Rodríguez and Beatriz López Gurillo for their help with laboratory analyses. The study was supported by the Czech Science Foundation grant GAČR 20-13637S, by Spanish Plan Nacional de I+D+i (project PGC2018-099027-B-I00), by a Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship within the 7th European Community Framework Programme (TANDEM; project id. 626392) and by the Young Researchers R&D Project. Ref. M2165—INTRANESTI—financed by Community of Madrid and Rey Juan Carlos University. Enrique Valencia was funded by the 2017 program for attracting and retaining talent of Comunidad de Madrid (no. 2017-T2/AMB-5406). Carlos P. Carmona was supported by the Estonian Research Council (PSG293) and the European Regional Development Fund via the Mobilitas Pluss programme (MOBERC40)., While biodiversity is expected to enhance multiple ecosystem functions (EFs), the different roles of multiple biodiversity dimensions remain difficult to disentangle without carefully designed experiments. We sowed plant communities with independent levels of functional (FD) and phylogenetic diversities (PD), combined with different levels of fertilization, to investigate their direct and indirect roles on multiple EFs, including plant‐related EFs (plant biomass productivity, litter decomposability), soil fertility (organic carbon and nutrient pool variables), soil microbial activity (respiration and nutrient cycling), and an overall multifunctionality. We expected an increase in most EFs in communities with higher values of FD and/or PD via complementarity effects, but also the dominant plant types (using community weighted mean, CWM, independent of FD and PD) via selection effects on several EFs. The results showed strong direct effects of different dimensions of plant functional structure parameters on plant‐related EFs, through either CWM or FD, with weak effects of PD. Fertilization had significant effects on one soil microbial activity and indirect effects on the other variables via changes in soil abiotic properties. Dominant plant types and FD showed only indirect effects on soil microbial activity, through litter decomposition and soil abiotic properties, highlighting the importance of cascading effects. This study shows the relevance of complementary dimensions of biodiversity for assessing both direct and cascading effects on multiple EFs., Depto. de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Fac. de Ciencias Biológicas, TRUE, pub

Este texto aborda brevemente la historia del caucho en la Amazonía peruana entre finales del siglo XIX y principios del XX,periodo marcado como una época trágica para las comunidades amazónicas. Reflexiona en torno al archivo fotográfico en tres enfoquestemáticos, el primero sobre la huella indexical de la fotografía; segundo, la posición ideológica sobre la representación visual; y tercero,las prácticas contemporáneas para la construcción de una memoria colectiva. Asimismo, toma como punto de referencia los testimoniosrecopilados en el Informe Azul Británico de Roger Casement, y el álbum de fotografías Viaje de la comisión consular al río Putumayo yafluentes de agosto a octubre de 1912. Finalmente, desde una mirada contemporánea se propone el proyecto visual Patrones de una pieldestruida, la cual discute nuevos formatos que asientan la fotografía como un lenguaje capaz de generar relato y poner el foco en realidadesconsideradas periféricas por la historiografía tradicional.

March 2021 has marked the eightieth anniversary of targeted radionuclide therapy, recognizing the first use of radioactive iodine (RAI) to treat thyroid disease by Dr. Saul Hertz on March 31, 1941. Success with hyperthyroidism fueled a seamless, almost intuitive transition to the use of RAI in thyroid carcinoma and marked the beginning of a new paradigm for thyroid cancer diagnosis and management. Since then, several therapeutic strategies have been adopted in the management of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) and there are still controversies today regarding which patients with DTC should be administered RAI and what RAI activity should be administered, issues that will be commented in this review., En marzo de 2021 se ha celebrado el 80 aniversario de la primera aplicación terapéutica del radioyodo (RAI) por Saúl Hertz a una paciente con hipertiroidismo el 31 de marzo de 1936. El éxito alcanzado impulsó su utilización en el tratamiento del carcinoma diferenciado de tiroides (CDT) y supuso un cambio de paradigma en el manejo de las enfermedades tiroideas. Desde entonces, han cambiado las estrategias de administración de RAI a pacientes con CDT y aún hoy día existen controversias. En esta revisión vamos a comentar las diferentes estrategias adoptadas en la administración de RAI a pacientes con CDT a lo largo de estas 8 décadas y cuáles son las controversias actuales en cuanto a qué pacientes con CDT hay que administrar RAI y qué actividad de RAI se debe administrar.

Didactic games to promote industriousness in 4th grade schoolchildren, is an investigation product of the deficiencies found in the observations, in terms of the modes of action, taking into account that in the current moments the values occupy a transcendental place and the education of Values has become the focus of attention of governments and statesmen in different latitudes. We work with theoretical, empirical and statistical methods. A representative sample was used according to the number of schoolchildren included in the center and their characteristics. When analyzing the results of the initial information, the conclusion is reached that the development of the games will be effective due to their educational potential., Juegos didácticos para fomentar la laboriosidad en escolares de 4to grado, es una investigación producto a las deficiencias constatadas enlas observaciones, en cuanto a los modos de actuación, teniendo encuenta que en los momentos actuales los valores ocupan un lugar trascendental y la educación de valores se ha convertido en foco de atención de gobiernos y estadistas en diferentes latitudes. Laboramos con métodos teóricos, empíricos y estadísticos. Se utilizó una muestra representativa atendiendo a la cantidad de escolares comprendido en el centro y las características de los mismos. Al analizar los resultados de la información inicial se llega a la conclusión, que la elaboración de los juegos resultará efectiva por sus potencialidades educativas.

In the research entitled Games to establish interdisciplinary relationships in Physical Education classes, a diagnosis was made that allowed defining the objective of “designing a set of games for the establishment of interdisciplinary relationships in Physical Education classes”. Scientific tasks were proposed that allowed to analyze theoretical conceptions, diagnose and elaborate the set of games. Empirical, Theoretical and Mathematical methods were used. It was concluded that games that aim to establish interdisciplinary relationships put students in a didactic learning situation; They promote the consolidation of knowledge of the other subjects in highly motivated activities that can only be given in Physical Education class., En la investigación titulada Juegos para establecer relaciones interdisciplinarias en las clases de Educación Física se realizó un diagnóstico que permitió delimitar como objetivo “diseñar un conjunto de juegos para el establecimiento de relaciones interdisciplinarias en las clases de Educación Física”. Se plantearon tareas científicas que permitieron analizar concepciones teóricas, diagnosticar y elaborar el conjunto de juegos. Se utilizaron métodos Empíricos, Teóricos y Matemáticos. Se concluyó que los juegos que tienen como objetivo establecer relaciones interdisciplinarias ponen a los estudiantes en una situación didáctica de aprendizaje; propician la consolidación de conocimientos de las demás asignaturas en actividades de elevada motivación que solo se pueden dar en la clase de Educación Física.

Acknowledgments This study is the result of an international workshop financed by the Valencian government in Spain (Generalitat Valenciana, reference AORG/2018/) and was supported by Spanish Plan Nacional de I+D+i (project PGC2018-099027-B-I00). E.V. was supported by the 2017 program for attracting and retaining talent of Comunidad de Madrid (no. 2017-T2/ AMB-5406)., Under global change, how biological diversity and ecosystem services are maintained in time is a fundamental question. Ecologists have long argued about multiple mechanisms by which local biodiversity might control the temporal stability of ecosystem properties. Accumulating theories and empirical evidence suggest that, together with different population and community parameters, these mechanisms largely operate through differences in functional traits among organisms. We review potential trait-stability mechanisms together with underlying tests and associated metrics. We identify various trait-based components, each accounting for different stability mechanisms, that contribute to buffering, or propagating, the effect of environmental fluctuations on ecosystem functioning. This comprehensive picture, obtained by combining different puzzle pieces of trait-stability effects, will guide future empirical and modeling investigations., Depto. de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Fac. de Ciencias Biológicas, TRUE, pub

A high adherence to a Mediterranean diet has been related to numerous beneficial effects in human health, including a lower incidence and mortality of prostate cancer (PCa). Olive oil is an important source of phenolic bioactive compounds, mainly hydroxytyrosol (HT), of this diet. Be-cause of the growing interest of this compound and its derivatives as a cancer chemopreventive agent, we aimed to compare the in vitro effect of HT isolated from olive mill wastewaters and five semisynthetic alkyl ether, ester, and nitro-derivatives against prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines. The effect in cell proliferation was determined in RWPE-1, LNCaP, 22Rv1, and PC-3 cells by resazurin assay, the effect in cell migration by wound healing assay, and tumorsphere and colony formation were evaluated. The changes in key signaling pathways involved in carcinogenesis were assessed by using a phosphorylation pathway profiling array and by Western blotting. Antiproliferative effects of HT and two lipophilic derivatives [hydroxytyrosyl acetate (HT-Ac)/ethyl hydroxytyrosyl ether (HT-Et)] were significantly higher in cancerous PC-3 and 22Rv1 cells than in non-malignant RWPE-1 cells. HT/HT-Ac/HT-Et significantly reduced migration capacity in RWPE-1 and PC-3 and prostatosphere size and colony formation in 22Rv1, whereas only HT-Ac and HT-Et reduced these functional parameters in PC-3. The cytotoxic effect in 22Rv1 cells was correlated with modifications in the phosphorylation pattern of key proteins, including ERK1/2 and AKT. Consistently, HT-Ac and HT-Et decreased p-AKT levels in PC-3. In sum, our results suggest that HT and its lipophilic derivatives could be considered as potential therapeutic tools in PCa.

A high adherence to a Mediterranean diet has been related to numerous beneficial effects in human health, including a lower incidence and mortality of prostate cancer (PCa). Olive oil is an important source of phenolic bioactive compounds, mainly hydroxytyrosol (HT), of this diet. Be-cause of the growing interest of this compound and its derivatives as a cancer chemopreventive agent, we aimed to compare the in vitro effect of HT isolated from olive mill wastewaters and five semisynthetic alkyl ether, ester, and nitro-derivatives against prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines. The effect in cell proliferation was determined in RWPE-1, LNCaP, 22Rv1, and PC-3 cells by resazurin assay, the effect in cell migration by wound healing assay, and tumorsphere and colony formation were evaluated. The changes in key signaling pathways involved in carcinogenesis were assessed by using a phosphorylation pathway profiling array and by Western blotting. Antiproliferative effects of HT and two lipophilic derivatives [hydroxytyrosyl acetate (HT-Ac)/ethyl hydroxytyrosyl ether (HT-Et)] were significantly higher in cancerous PC-3 and 22Rv1 cells than in non-malignant RWPE-1 cells. HT/HT-Ac/HT-Et significantly reduced migration capacity in RWPE-1 and PC-3 and prostatosphere size and colony formation in 22Rv1, whereas only HT-Ac and HT-Et reduced these functional parameters in PC-3. The cytotoxic effect in 22Rv1 cells was correlated with modifications in the phosphorylation pattern of key proteins, including ERK1/2 and AKT. Consistently, HT-Ac and HT-Et decreased p-AKT levels in PC-3. In sum, our results suggest that HT and its lipophilic derivatives could be considered as potential therapeutic tools in PCa.

Schuurs-Hoeijmakers syndrome (SHMS) or PACS1 Neurodevelopmental disorder is a rare disorder characterized by intellectual disability, abnormal craniofacial features and congenital malformations. SHMS is an autosomal dominant hereditary disease caused by pathogenic variants in the PACS1 gene. PACS1 is a trans-Golgi-membrane traffic regulator that directs protein cargo and several viral envelope proteins. It is upregulated during human embryonic brain development and has low expression after birth. So far, only 54 patients with SHMS have been reported. In this work, we report on seven new identified SHMS individuals with the classical c.607C > T: p.Arg206Trp PACS1 pathogenic variant and review clinical and molecular aspects of all the patients reported in the literature, providing a summary of clinical findings grouped as very frequent (≥75% of patients), frequent (50-74%), infrequent (26-49%) and rare (less than ≤25%)

A high adherence to a Mediterranean diet has been related to numerous beneficial effects in human health, including a lower incidence and mortality of prostate cancer (PCa). Olive oil is an important source of phenolic bioactive compounds, mainly hydroxytyrosol (HT), of this diet. Be-cause of the growing interest of this compound and its derivatives as a cancer chemopreventive agent, we aimed to compare the in vitro effect of HT isolated from olive mill wastewaters and five semisynthetic alkyl ether, ester, and nitro-derivatives against prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines. The effect in cell proliferation was determined in RWPE-1, LNCaP, 22Rv1, and PC-3 cells by resazurin assay, the effect in cell migration by wound healing assay, and tumorsphere and colony formation were evaluated. The changes in key signaling pathways involved in carcinogenesis were assessed by using a phosphorylation pathway profiling array and by Western blotting. Antiproliferative effects of HT and two lipophilic derivatives [hydroxytyrosyl acetate (HT-Ac)/ethyl hydroxytyrosyl ether (HT-Et)] were significantly higher in cancerous PC-3 and 22Rv1 cells than in non-malignant RWPE-1 cells. HT/HT-Ac/HT-Et significantly reduced migration capacity in RWPE-1 and PC-3 and prostatosphere size and colony formation in 22Rv1, whereas only HT-Ac and HT-Et reduced these functional parameters in PC-3. The cytotoxic effect in 22Rv1 cells was correlated with modifications in the phosphorylation pattern of key proteins, including ERK1/2 and AKT. Consistently, HT-Ac and HT-Et decreased p-AKT levels in PC-3. In sum, our results suggest that HT and its lipophilic derivatives could be considered as potential therapeutic tools in PCa.

The present research has as title Game proposal to boost the first grade child’s motor, the same contribute physics activities through the game to boost the development of the child’s motor coordination with 5 and 6 years old in the agost 23 school. In the same we worked with a population of 30 child, selected a sample of 15 child and through the aplication of different investigation methods as in theoric methods the analysis- synthesis, inductive- deductive and in the empiricist methods the observation, survey evaluation test of the children’s development, documentary analysis, that permited nearer to the reality and to detect the problematic. Through the analysis of the results was elaborated the activities through the game in view to achieve the objective of this investigation corroborating that this activities permited to boost the development of the motor coordination in the sample studied, by the same the user criteria, all that facilitated to arrive conclution and recomendations., La presente investigación tiene como título Propuesta de Juegos para potenciar la coordinación motriz en niños (as) de primer grado, la misma aporta actividades físicas a través del juego para potenciar el desarrollo de la coordinación motriz en niños (as) de 5 y 6 años de edad de la escuela 23 de Agosto. En la misma se laboró con una población de 30 niños (as), seleccionándose una muestra de 15 niños (as) y a través de la aplicación de métodos teóricos como el análisis- síntesis, inductivo- deductivo y empíricos: la observación, encuestas, test de evaluación del desarrollo infantil, análisis documental, que permitieron acercarnos a la realidad y detectar la problemática. A partir del análisis de los resultados se elaboraron las actividades a través de juegos con vista a lograr el objetivo de esta investigación corroborándose que dichas actividades permitieron potenciar el desarrollo de la coordinación motriz en la muestra estudiada, así como el criterio de usuarios todo lo cual facilitó arribar a conclusiones y recomendaciones

Introduction and objectives: Since its beginning, nuclear medicine has played an important role in the study and treatment of thyroid pathology. The finding of a thyroid nodule is a very frequent situation in daily clinical practice. Today, the development of new techniques including high-resolution ultrasound and fine-needle aspiration puncture has led to an important progress in diagnosis and management of the disease. These procedures have enabled the development of classification systems that allow to categorize the nodules by its ultrasound characteristics (TI-RADS) and its cytological characteristics (Bethesda), providing guidance on the attitude to follow in each case. The aim of this work is to conduct a review of the guidelines and recommendations for thyroid scintigraphy as well as to establish its relationship with the TI-RADS groups and the Bethesda cytology. Synthesis: Because iodine plays an important role in the physiology and pathophysiology of the thyroid gland, iodine radiopharmaceuticals or its analogues are very suitable for the study of thyroid imaging. Despite the development of new and very precise techniques for the study of the thyroid nodule, thyroid scintigraphy remains the only technique capable of correlating thyroid anatomy and thyroid function and, therefore, it is the only test capable of demonstrating the presence of autonomous thyroid nodules, which rarely result in malignancy. Furthermore, images with specific tracers such as sestamibi-99mTc and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose can provide information on the biological behavior of cytologically indeter-minate nodules. Conclusion: Thyroid scintigraphy is the only diagnostic method that provides information on the functional state of the gland. Its integration into the TIRADS and Bethesda groups is of the utmost importance to avoid unnecessary biopsies. In addition, the use of specific radiopharmaceuticals, including positron emission tomography, provides useful information in the case of nodu, Introducción y objetivo: La medicina Nuclear, desde sus inicios, ha tenido un papel importante en el estudio y tratamiento de la patología tiroidea. El hallazgo de un nódulo tiroideo es una situación muy frecuente en la práctica clínica diaria. En la actualidad, el desarrollo de nuevas técnicas como son la ecografía de alta resolución y la punción por aspiración con aguja fina ha originado un importante avance en el diagnóstico y manejo de ésta patología. Estos procedimientos han facilitado el desarrollo de sistemas de clasificación según las características ecográficas de los nódulos (TI-RADS) y según sus carac-terísticas citológicas (Bethesda) que orientan sobre la actitud a seguir en los diferentes casos. EL objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una revisión de las indicaciones y recomendaciones de la gammagrafía tiroidea y establecer su relación con los grupos TI-RADS y la citología Bethesda. Síntesis: Debido a que el iodo juega un rol importante en la fisiología y fisiopatología de la glándula tiroides, los radiofármacos del iodo o sus análogos son muy adecuados para el estudio de imágenes tiroideas. A pesar del desarrollo de nuevas técnicas muy precisas para el estudio del nódulo tiroideo, la gammagrafía de tiroides sigue siendo la única técnica capaz de correlacionar anatomía y función tiroidea y, por tanto, es el único examen capaz de demostrar la presencia de nódulos tiroideos autónomos, que raramente conllevan malignidad. Además, imágenes con trazadores específicos como el sestamibi-99mTc y 18F-fluorodeoxyglucosa pueden suministrar información del comportamiento biológico de nódulos citológicamente indeterminados. Conclusión: La gammagrafía de tiroides es el único método diagnóstico que proporciona información del estado funcional de la glándula. Su integración en los grupos TIRADS y Bethesda es de suma importancia para evitar biopsias innecesarias. Además, el uso de radiofármacos específicos, incluyendo la tomografía por emisión de positrones, propor-ciona

Introduction and objective: Radioguided surgery of hyperparathyroidism (HPT) has substantially evolved in recent years, due to the development of new intraoperative tools and the improvement of pre-operative techniques. The aim of this work is to perform a review of the role of choline PET-CT as a preoperative technique, as well as of the use of intraoperative tools, in the radioguided localization of parathyroid adenomas. Synthesis: Choline PET-CT is a pre-operative technique, alternative to the 99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy, for the pre-operative localization of HPT in cases where convencional techniques give negative or doubtful results. This technique has showed good results in two recently published meta-analysis. The radioguided localization by means of gamma probe is still the intraoperative technique of choice in cases where parathyroid glands show significant 99mTc-MIBI uptake. Hand-held gammacamera is an adjuvant tool to the probe, which allows performing an intraoperative imagine and ensuring the complete resection of the specimens. Free hand SPECT is already applied in parathyroid radioguided surgery, but its use is still not widespread, probably because the superiority of this technique over the probe and hand-held gammacamera has not been demonstrated. Radioguided occult lesion localization (ROLL) by means of 99mTc-MAA injection and 125I seed implantation are two successfully used alternatives for the radioguided localization of negative99mTc –MIBI parathyroid glands. Hybrid tracers are being used in the radioguided surgery of the sentinel node, but have not been applied yet in hyperparathyroidism. Conclusions: Choline PET-CT is an increasingly used tool in preoperative HPT localization. Although gammadetector probe remains of choice in HPT surgery —both for its good results at low cost and for the great accumulated experience—; the combined use of the hand-held gammaprobe could be helpful for particular cases as well as to ensure the total excision of the s, Introducción y objetivo: La cirugía radioguiada del hiperparatiroidismo (HPT) ha evolucionado en los últimos años, gracias a la aparición de nuevas herramientas intraoperatorias y al perfeccionamiento de las técnicas pre-operatorias. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una revisión actualizada del papel del PET-CT con colina como técnica preoperatoria, así como de las herramientas intraoperatorias, en la radiolocalización de adenomas de paratiroides. Síntesis: El PET-CT con colina es una técnica preoperatoria, alternativa a la gammagrafía con 99mTc-MIBI, para la localización pre-quirúrgica del HPT, en casos en que las pruebas convencionales sean negativas o dudosas. Esta técnica ha demostrado buenos resultados en dos metaanálisis publicados recientemente. La localización radioguiada mediante sonda gamma continúa siendo la técnica intraoperatoria de elección en los casos con glándulas paratiroides que muestran captación significativa de 99mTc-MIBI. La gammacámara portátil es una herramienta adyuvante a la sonda, que permite realizar una imagen intraoperatoria y asegurar la completa resección de los especímenes. El “free hand SPECT” ya se está aplicando en la cirugía radioguiada de paratiroides, pero aún su uso no está extendido, probablemente debido a que no se ha demostrado la superioridad de esta técnica frente al uso de la sonda y la gammacámara portátil. La radiolocalización de lesiones ocultas (ROLL) mediante inyección de 99mTc-MAA y la inyección de semillas de 125I son dos alternativas para la localización radioguiada de paratiroides 99mTc-MIBI negativas, y ya están siendo empleadas con éxito. Los trazadores híbridos, empleados ya en la cirugía radioguiada del ganglio centinela, aún no se han aplicado en el hiperparatiroidismo. Conclusiones: El PET-CT con colina es una herramienta exitosa y cada vez más utilizada en la localización pre-operatoria del HPT. Aunque la sonda gammadetectora sigue siendo de elección en la cirugía del HPT, tanto por sus buenos res

A high adherence to a Mediterranean diet has been related to numerous beneficial effects in human health, including a lower incidence and mortality of prostate cancer (PCa). Olive oil is an important source of phenolic bioactive compounds, mainly hydroxytyrosol (HT), of this diet. Be-cause of the growing interest of this compound and its derivatives as a cancer chemopreventive agent, we aimed to compare the in vitro effect of HT isolated from olive mill wastewaters and five semisynthetic alkyl ether, ester, and nitro-derivatives against prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines. The effect in cell proliferation was determined in RWPE-1, LNCaP, 22Rv1, and PC-3 cells by resazurin assay, the effect in cell migration by wound healing assay, and tumorsphere and colony formation were evaluated. The changes in key signaling pathways involved in carcinogenesis were assessed by using a phosphorylation pathway profiling array and by Western blotting. Antiproliferative effects of HT and two lipophilic derivatives [hydroxytyrosyl acetate (HT-Ac)/ethyl hydroxytyrosyl ether (HT-Et)] were significantly higher in cancerous PC-3 and 22Rv1 cells than in non-malignant RWPE-1 cells. HT/HT-Ac/HT-Et significantly reduced migration capacity in RWPE-1 and PC-3 and prostatosphere size and colony formation in 22Rv1, whereas only HT-Ac and HT-Et reduced these functional parameters in PC-3. The cytotoxic effect in 22Rv1 cells was correlated with modifications in the phosphorylation pattern of key proteins, including ERK1/2 and AKT. Consistently, HT-Ac and HT-Et decreased p-AKT levels in PC-3. In sum, our results suggest that HT and its lipophilic derivatives could be considered as potential therapeutic tools in PCa.

A high adherence to a Mediterranean diet has been related to numerous beneficial effects in human health, including a lower incidence and mortality of prostate cancer (PCa). Olive oil is an important source of phenolic bioactive compounds, mainly hydroxytyrosol (HT), of this diet. Be-cause of the growing interest of this compound and its derivatives as a cancer chemopreventive agent, we aimed to compare the in vitro effect of HT isolated from olive mill wastewaters and five semisynthetic alkyl ether, ester, and nitro-derivatives against prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines. The effect in cell proliferation was determined in RWPE-1, LNCaP, 22Rv1, and PC-3 cells by resazurin assay, the effect in cell migration by wound healing assay, and tumorsphere and colony formation were evaluated. The changes in key signaling pathways involved in carcinogenesis were assessed by using a phosphorylation pathway profiling array and by Western blotting. Antiproliferative effects of HT and two lipophilic derivatives [hydroxytyrosyl acetate (HT-Ac)/ethyl hydroxytyrosyl ether (HT-Et)] were significantly higher in cancerous PC-3 and 22Rv1 cells than in non-malignant RWPE-1 cells. HT/HT-Ac/HT-Et significantly reduced migration capacity in RWPE-1 and PC-3 and prostatosphere size and colony formation in 22Rv1, whereas only HT-Ac and HT-Et reduced these functional parameters in PC-3. The cytotoxic effect in 22Rv1 cells was correlated with modifications in the phosphorylation pattern of key proteins, including ERK1/2 and AKT. Consistently, HT-Ac and HT-Et decreased p-AKT levels in PC-3. In sum, our results suggest that HT and its lipophilic derivatives could be considered as potential therapeutic tools in PCa.

[Objectives] This study aimed to externally validate the diagnostic accuracy of the Select MDx test for Significant prostate cancer (Sig PCa) (ISUP > 1), in a contemporaneous, prospective, multicenter cohort with a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) between 3 and 10 ng/ml and a non-suspicious digital rectal examination., [Methods and Participants] For all enrolled patients, the Select Mdx test, the risk calculator ERSPC3 + DRE, and a prostatic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were carried out. Subsequently, a systematic 12-core trans-rectal biopsy and a targeted biopsy, in the case of a prostate imaging–reporting and data system (PIRADS) > 2 lesion (max three lesions), were performed. To assess the accuracy of the Select MDx test in the detection of clinically Sig PCa, the test sensitivity was evaluated. Secondary objectives were specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), positive predictive value (PPV), and area under the curve (AUC). A direct comparison with the ERSPC + DRE risk calculator and MRI were also performed. We also studied the predictive ability to diagnose Sig PCa from the combination of the Select MDx test with MRI using clinical decision-curve analysis., [Results] There were 163 patients enrolled after meeting the inclusion criteria and study protocol. The Select MDx test showed a sensitivity of 76.9% (95% CI, 63.2–87.5), 49.6% specificity (95% CI, 39.9–59.2), 82.09% (95% CI, 70.8–90.4) NPV, and 41.67% (95% CI, 31.7–52.2) PPV for the diagnosis of Sig PCa. COR analysis was also performed, which showed an AUC of 0.63 (95% CI, 0.56–0.71). There were no differences in the accuracy of Select MDx, ERSPC + DRE, or MRI. The combination of Select MDX + MRI showed the highest impact in the decision-curve analysis, with an NPV of 93%., [Conclusion] Our study showed a worse performance for the SelectMdx test than previously reported, within a cohort of patients with a PSA 3–10 ng/ml and a normal DRE, with results similar to those from ERSPC + DRE RC and MRI, but with an improvement in the usual PSA pathway. A combination of the Select Mdx test and MRI could improve accuracy, but studies specifically evaluating this scenario with a cost-effective analysis are needed.

A high adherence to a Mediterranean diet has been related to numerous beneficial effects in human health, including a lower incidence and mortality of prostate cancer (PCa). Olive oil is an important source of phenolic bioactive compounds, mainly hydroxytyrosol (HT), of this diet. Be-cause of the growing interest of this compound and its derivatives as a cancer chemopreventive agent, we aimed to compare the in vitro effect of HT isolated from olive mill wastewaters and five semisynthetic alkyl ether, ester, and nitro-derivatives against prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines. The effect in cell proliferation was determined in RWPE-1, LNCaP, 22Rv1, and PC-3 cells by resazurin assay, the effect in cell migration by wound healing assay, and tumorsphere and colony formation were evaluated. The changes in key signaling pathways involved in carcinogenesis were assessed by using a phosphorylation pathway profiling array and by Western blotting. Antiproliferative effects of HT and two lipophilic derivatives [hydroxytyrosyl acetate (HT-Ac)/ethyl hydroxytyrosyl ether (HT-Et)] were significantly higher in cancerous PC-3 and 22Rv1 cells than in non-malignant RWPE-1 cells. HT/HT-Ac/HT-Et significantly reduced migration capacity in RWPE-1 and PC-3 and prostatosphere size and colony formation in 22Rv1, whereas only HT-Ac and HT-Et reduced these functional parameters in PC-3. The cytotoxic effect in 22Rv1 cells was correlated with modifications in the phosphorylation pattern of key proteins, including ERK1/2 and AKT. Consistently, HT-Ac and HT-Et decreased p-AKT levels in PC-3. In sum, our results suggest that HT and its lipophilic derivatives could be considered as potential therapeutic tools in PCa.

[Abstract] Given the importance of wood as a building material for hundreds of years, it is often necessary to increase the resilience of existing wood elements. Due to their notable adaptability and high mechanical capacities, materials composed of polymers that have been reinforced with fibers represent a good alternative to traditional reinforcement systems. This study looks at the compressive behavior of prismatic wild pinewood test pieces confined with three types of fabric—one of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) and two of basalt fiber reinforced polymer (BFRP) featuring two very different grammages. The reinforced pieces attain at least 96% greater resistance than the unreinforced pieces (FC300), reaching as much as 133% more resistance in the case of the pieces reinforced with FB600; however, the ductility of the reinforced pieces is much lower than that of the unreinforced, by approximately one-sixth and one-quarter, respectively. The study also allowed us to conclude that there is no relationship between the mechanical capacity of the reinforcement and the ultimate strength of the test piece tested, but there is a strong relationship between the rigidity of the reinforcement and modulus of elasticity and the ultimate strain of the reinforced pieces.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We thank multiple entities for the financial support necessary to obtain the different databases: the U.S. National Science Foundation under grant numbers DEB-8114302, DEB-8811884, DEB-9411972, DEB-0080382, DEB-0620652, DEB-1234162, DEB-9707477, DEB-0316402, DEB-08-16453, and DEB-12-56034, DEB-0618210, the Nutrient Network (http://www.nutnet.org) experiment from the National Science Foundation Research Coordination Network (NSF-DEB-1042132), the New Zealand National Vegetation Survey Databank, the Spanish MINECO (Project CGL2014-53789-R), the Madrid Regional Government (Projects REMEDINAL-3 and REMEDINAL-TE), the European Research Council Synergy grant 610028 (IMBALANCE-P), the Institute on the Environment (DG-0001-13), the SOERE-ACBB financed through French National Agency for Research (ANAEE-F, ANR-11-INBS-0001), the Estonian Research Council (IUT 20-28, IUT 20-29), Czech Science Foundation (GAČR 17-05506S and 19-28491X), the European Regional Development Fund (Centre of Excellence EcolChange), the German Federal Environmental Foundation (DBU) for a grant to the NABU Hamburg (management experiment Calamagrostis epigejos), and the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research within the framework of the project BIOTA Southern Africa (promotion numbers 01LC0024, 01LC0024A and 01LC0624A2), Task 159 of SASSCAL (promotion number 01LG1201) and the Scottish Government's Rural and Environmental Science and Analytical Services division. Acknowledgement Data owned by NERC© Database Right/Copyright NERC. Further support was provided by the Jornada Basin Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) project, Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve and the University of Minnesota. We also thank the Lawes Agricultural Trust and Rothamsted Research for data from the e-RA database. The Rothamsted Long-term Experiments National Capability (LTE-NCG) is supported by the UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (Grant BBS/E/C/000J0300) and the Lawes Agricul, Compensatory dynamics are described as one of the main mechanisms that increase community stability, e.g., where decreases of some species on a year‐to‐year basis are offset by an increase in others. Deviations from perfect synchrony between species (asynchrony) have therefore been advocated as an important mechanism underlying biodiversity effects on stability. However, it is unclear to what extent existing measures of synchrony actually capture the signal of year‐to‐year species fluctuations in the presence of long‐term directional trends in both species abundance and composition (species directional trends hereafter). Such directional trends may lead to a misinterpretation of indices commonly used to reflect year‐to‐year synchrony. Methods: An approach based on three‐term local quadrat variance (T3) which assesses population variability in a three‐year moving window, was used to overcome species directional trend effects. This “detrending” approach was applied to common indices of synchrony across a worldwide collection of 77 temporal plant community datasets comprising almost 7,800 individual plots sampled for at least six years. Plots included were either maintained under constant “control” conditions over time or were subjected to different management or disturbance treatments. Results: Accounting for directional trends increased the detection of year‐to‐year synchronous patterns in all synchrony indices considered. Specifically, synchrony values increased significantly in ~40% of the datasets with the T3 detrending approach while in ~10% synchrony decreased. For the 38 studies with both control and manipulated conditions, the increase in synchrony values was stronger for longer time series, particularly following experimental manipulation. Conclusions: Species’ long‐term directional trends can affect synchrony and stability measures potentially masking the ecological mechanism causing year‐to‐year fluctuations. As such, previous studies on community stability, Depto. de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Fac. de Ciencias Biológicas, TRUE, pub

Acknowledgments We thank multiple collaborators for the data they provided (funding associated with particular study sites is listed in SI Appendix, Supplementary Text S5). We also thank the Lawes Agricultural Trust and Rothamsted Research for data from the Electronic Rothamsted Archive (e-RA) database. We were supported by US NSF Grants DEB-8114302, DEB-8811884, DEB-9411972, DEB-0080382, DEB-0620652, DEB-1234162, and DEB-0618210; the Nutrient Network (https://nutnet.org/) experiment from NSF Research Coordination Network Grant NSF-DEB-1042132; the New Zealand National Vegetation Survey Databank; and Institute on the Environment Grant DG-0001-13. Data (Dataset 56, SI Appendix, Supplementary Text S4) owned by NERC Database Right/Copyright NERC. Further support was provided by the Jornada Basin Long-Term Ecological Research project, Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve, and the University of Minnesota. The Rothamsted Long-term Experiments National Capability is supported by UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council Grant BBS/E/C/000J0300 and the Lawes Agricultural Trust. This research was funded by Czech Science Foundation Grant GACR16-15012S and Czech Academy of Sciences Grant RVO 67985939. E.V. was funded by 2017 Program for Attracting and Retaining Talent of Comunidad de Madrid Grant 2017-T2/AMB-5406., The stability of ecological communities is critical for the stable provisioning of ecosystem services, such as food and forage production, carbon sequestration, and soil fertility. Greater biodiversity is expected to enhance stability across years by decreasing synchrony among species, but the drivers of stability in nature remain poorly resolved. Our analysis of time series from 79 datasets across the world showed that stability was associated more strongly with the degree of synchrony among dominant species than with species richness. The relatively weak influence of species richness is consistent with theory predicting that the effect of richness on stability weakens when synchrony is higher than expected under random fluctuations, which was the case in most communities. Land management, nutrient addition, and climate change treatments had relatively weak and varying effects on stability, modifying how species richness, synchrony, and stability interact. Our results demonstrate the prevalence of biotic drivers on ecosystem stability, with the potential for environmental drivers to alter the intricate relationship among richness, synchrony, and stability., Depto. de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Fac. de Ciencias Biológicas, TRUE, pub

Introduction: Effectiveness of e-learning diminishes without the support of a pedagogical model to guide its use. In minimally invasive surgery (MIS), this has been reported as a limitation when technology is used to deliver contents without a sound pedagogical background. Material and methods: We describe how a generic pedagogical model, the 3D pedagogy framework, can be used for setting learning outcomes and activities in e-learning platforms focused on MIS cognitive skills. A demonstrator course on Nissen fundoplication was developed following the model step-by-step in the MISTELA learning platform. Course design was informed by Kolb’s Experiential learning model. Content validation was performed by 13 MIS experts. Results: Ten experts agreed on the suitability of content structuring done according to the pedagogical model. All experts agreed that the course provides means to assess the intended learning outcomes. Conclusions: This work showcases how a general-purpose e-learning framework can be accommodated to the needs of MIS training without limiting the course designers’ pedagogical approach. Key advances for its success include: (1) proving the validity of the model in the wider scope of MIS skills and (2) raising awareness amongst stakeholders on the need of developing training plans with explicit, rather than assumed, pedagogical foundations. Abbreviations: MIS: minimally invasive surgery; TEL: technology enhanced learning., Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public., Medical Instruments & Bio-Inspired Technology

El crecimiento económico de Valencia desde finales del siglo XIV implicó el cambio en la formación profesional y cultural de las élites mercantiles locales. La familia continuó siendo el ámbito de enseñanza escrituraria preferente dado que el objetivo último de esa formación era la transmisión hereditaria intergeneracional de la empresa. La formación abarcaba buena parte de la infancia y pubertad hasta que el joven pasaba a trabajar como contable o factor en el extranjero bajo las órdenes paternas. Este modelo de aprendizaje dependía de los vínculos que cohesionaban las redes de sociabilidad mercantil, compartía superficialmente los instrumentos formales de la contratación del aprendizaje artesanal y, sobre todo, era extraño a la gramática latina, pues esta cumplía una función irrelevante en la actividad profesional. La mejora de la posición socio-profesional del mercader y la integración en las élites sociales urbanas (ciutadans honrats y aristocracia) supuso un cambio en ese modelo de enseñanza: se difundieron la educación propiamente escolar y, solo en los niveles más conspicuos de aquel selecto grupo, la contratación de preceptores particulares que servía para demostrar públicamente la nueva riqueza acumulada, la pertenencia al reciente ámbito de recepción y, sobre todo, la diferente posición social alcanzada comparada con la de los sectores profesionales abandonados., The economic growth of Valencia since the end of the 14th century implied the change in the professional and cultural training of local commercial elites. The family continued to be the field of preferential writing education given that the ultimate goal of this training was the intergenerational hereditary transmission of the company. The training covered a good part of childhood and puberty until the young man went to work as an accountant or factor abroad under parental orders. This learning model depended on the bonds that join together the networks of mercantile sociability, superficially shared the formal instruments of hiring artisanal learning and, above all, was foreign to Latin grammar, since it fulfilled an irrelevant function in professional activity. The improvement of the socio-professional position of the merchant and the integration into urban social elites (ciutadans honrats and aristocracy) meant a change in this model of education: was spread the school education itself and, only at the most conspicuous levels of that select group, the hiring of particular preceptors that served to publicly demonstrate the new accumulated wealth, belonging to the recent reception field and, above all, the different social position achieved, compared with that of the abandoned professional sectors.

The knocking down is one of the stages of acorn harvesting, used as a supplement to human diet from prehistoric times. It consists in shaking tree branches with the help of a long and flexible wooden pole. Due to both the use of perishable materials, there is no evidence for this tool in the archaeological record. The lack of archaeological evidence for this practice can be compensated for with information derived both from the study of certain prehistoric art scenes and from the ethnographic record. Thus, the article analyses various examples, from Neolithic to current times, which show the endurance of this millenary practice, typical of agricultural societies in Mediterranean Europe.&nbsp, El vareo es una de las fases de la recolección de bellotas, frutos usados como alimento básico o como complemento de la dieta humana desde época prehistórica. Consiste en sacudir las ramas de la encina, u otras especies del género Quercus, sirviéndose de una vara de madera larga y flexible. De esta herramienta no existen hasta el momento evidencias en el registro arqueológico debido a los materiales perecederos utilizados en su fabricación. Esta ausencia puede ser suplida con la información derivada tanto del estudio de la iconografía prehistórica e histórica como del registro etnográfico actual. En este artículo se analizan diversos ejemplos que van desde el Neolítico hasta la actualidad, que demuestran la pervivencia de esta milenaria práctica usada por las sociedades rurales de la Europa mediterránea.

Organizations are a place where a culture of behavior and development of individuals (collaborators) is lived and created. In an educational organization, situations are especially observed both by members of the infrastructure and by the community being served. The analysis of these features allows us to know, in a deeper way, what are the reasons for a work atmosphere and the opportunity areas that a company presents in the correct management of human capital. This paper reports the findings of the research regarding the work environment at the Universidad del Valle de Puebla, Plantel Tehuacán, which aims to provide an overview of the characteristics of administrative staff and the factors (physical, mental, emotional, professional, technological and managerial) that influence their performance. From this, it can be inferred that, despite the permeability of these in the professional performance, there is a harmonic scenario that favors the performance and the attention to the users of the educational service, in accordance with the institutional vision and mission., Las organizaciones son un espacio en el que se vive y crea una cultura de comportamiento y desarrollo de individuos (colaboradores). En una organización educativa, las situaciones son particularmente observadas tanto por los miembros de la infraestructura como por la comunidad que recibe el servicio. El estudio de estas características permite conocer, a un detalle más profundo, cuáles son las razones de un ambiente laboral y las áreas de oportunidad que presenta una compañía en la correcta gestión del capital humano. Este trabajo reporta los hallazgos de la investigación respecto al clima laboral en la Universidad del Valle de Puebla, Plantel Tehuacán, cuyo objetivo es ofrecer un panorama de las características del personal administrativo y de los factores (físico, mental, afectivo, profesional, tecnológico y gerencial) que influyen en su desempeño. De ello se desprende que, a pesar de la permeabilidad de estos en el actuar profesional, existe un escenario armónico que propicia el rendimiento y la atención a los usuarios del servicio educativo, de acuerdo a la visión y misión institucionales.

Introduction and ojective: Radioiodine (RAI) therapy of the thyroid diseases has been used for seven decades. However, there is no consensus regarding indications, doses, procedures, and other aspects related to the clinical care of the patients considered for 131I therapy. The reason for this is the lack of large well-designed prospective clinical trials resolving fundamental ques-tions in relation to 131I therapy, despite the high prevalence of thyroid diseases. Radioiodine therapy is indicated for the treatment of hyperthyroidism (Graves’disease, toxic nodular goiter and toxic multinodular goiter), multinodular nontoxic goiter and differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). In benign thyroid diseases, RAI is administered to decrease the thyroid function and/or reduction of the thyroid volume. In DTC, post-operative administration of RAI may include rem-nant ablation to eliminate residual normal thyroid tissue after thyroidectomy, adjuvant therapy to destroy suspected, but unproven residual disease and RAI therapy to treat persistent dis-ease in higher risk patients. Pending the results of the prospective clinical trials that are cur-rently underway, the use of 131I seems to be justified not only in high-risk patients, but also in low-intermediate-risk patients., Introducción y objetivo: El tratamiento de la patología con radioyodo (RAI) se viene realizando desde hace más de 7 décadas. Sin embargo, no existe consenso en cuanto a indicaciones, dosis y otros aspectos relacionados con el cuidado de los pacientes. La razón de ello es la ausencia de ensayos clínicos prospectivos bien diseñados para resolver estos interrogantes en cuanto al tratamiento con 131I, a pesar de la alta prevalencia de las enfermedades tiroideas. El tratamiento con 131I está indicado en el tratamiento del hipertiroidismo, producido por la enfermedad de Graves, por el adenoma tóxico y por el bocio multinodular tóxico; del bocio multinodular no tóxico y del carcinoma diferenciado de tiroides (CDT). El objetivo del trata-miento con RAI en caso del hipertiroidismo y del bocio multinodular no tóxico es disminuir la función tiroidea o disminuir el volumen de la glándula tiroides. En el caso del CDT, los objetivos de la administración de RAI tras la cirugía son la ablación de los restos tiroideos, el tratamiento adyuvante de la enfermedad microscópica sospechada no confirmada y el tratamiento de la enfermedad persistente loco-regional o metastásica. A la espera de los resultados de ensayos clínicos actualmente en: marcha, el tratamiento con 131I está justificado no solo en los pacientes de alto riesgo, sino también en los pacientes de riesgo bajo (T > 1 cm) e intermedio.

This paper is a proposal for intervention from the municipalities, the prevention and control of Metabolic Syndrome (SM), the detection of which uses national and international criteria; For its approach, the essential axes of Primary Health Care are adopted. Likewise, progress is made in intergovernmental, intersectoral and inter-institutional coordination, among which the constitution of the Network stands out, initially made up of Xalapa, Coatzacoalcos, Minatitlan, Jáltipan, Agua Dulce and Moloacán, municipalities where an Inter-institutional Table was established. This initiative has been joined by government institutions, non-governmental organizations, legislative representatives, professional societies and civil associations.Keywords: Municipalities; Metabolic Syndrome; Network; Primary Health Care, Resumen: El presente artículo presenta una propuesta de intervención desde los municipios, la prevención y control del Síndrome Metabólico (SM), cuya detección utilizan criterios nacionales e internacionales; para su abordaje se adoptan los ejes esenciales de la Atención Primaria de Salud. Asimismo, se presentan avances en materia de coordinación intergubernamental, intersectorial e interinstitucional, entre los que destaca la constitución de la Red integrada, inicialmente, por Xalapa, Coatzacoalcos, Minatitlán, Jáltipan, Agua Dulce y Moloacán, municipios donde se estableció una Mesa Interinstitucional. A esta iniciativa, se han sumado instituciones gubernamentales, organizaciones no gubernamentales, representantes legislativos, sociedades de profesionistas y asociaciones civiles.

El objetivo principal de este Trabajo de Fin de Grado es predecir la demanda diaria de pacientes que acuden a una Unidade de Pronto Atendimiento (UPA) en Río de Janeiro, Brasil. Para ello es necesario determinar un modelo estadístico, ajustado a las hipótesis de regresión lineal múltiple, que consiga explicar un alto porcentaje de la variabilidad del número de pacientes que acuden diariamente a un hospital, y con este, elaborar unas predicciones que se correspondan con la realidad. Así se desarrollan varios tipos de modelos, empleando diferentes parámetros y técnicas características de las series temporales y, una vez obtenidos los resultados pertinentes, se discute cual es el que más se ajusta a la premisa anterior. En primer lugar, se procede a la lectura y compresión de la base de datos inicial, para posteriormente, hacer los ajustes pertinentes que permitan su correcta preparación, con el objetivo de optimizar al máximo la información disponible. Del análisis de esta serie temporal se investigan diversos factores que influencian en la evolución de los pacientes en el tiempo. Existen acontecimientos como festividades, eventos deportivos o epidemias, que suceden durante el pasado de los datos y se estudian de cara a ver su efecto. También aspectos tan simples como el día o el mes de llegada, pueden ser determinantes a la hora de explicar el comportamiento de los pacientes. Aquí es donde aparece la necesidad de parametrizar toda esta información, de cara a analizar las relaciones existentes y ayudar a explicar la variabilidad de los datos reales. Conviene recalcar el hecho de que se trata de una serie temporal y como tal, las observaciones presentes están relacionadas tanto con las pasadas como con las futuras. Surge así la necesidad de introducir unas variables que reflejen este carácter de dependencia temporal, para lo cual se emplean diversas técnicas estadísticas. Fundamentalmente se pretenden reflejar dos características: la dependencia de una observación con