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1. A naturalistic cohort study of first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorder: A description of the early phase of illness in the PSYSCAN cohort.

Author: Slot, MIE, van Hell, HH, Rossum, IW-V, Dazzan, P, Maat, A, de Haan, L, Crespo-Facorro, B, Glenthøj, B, Lawrie, SM, McDonald, C, Gruber, O, van Amelsvoort, T, Arango, C, Kircher, T, Nelson, B, Galderisi, S, Weiser, M, Sachs, G, Maatz, A, Bressan, RA, Kwon, JS, Mizrahi, R, PSYSCAN Consortium, McGuire, P, Kahn, RS, Slot, MIE, van Hell, HH, Rossum, IW-V, Dazzan, P, Maat, A, de Haan, L, Crespo-Facorro, B, Glenthøj, B, Lawrie, SM, McDonald, C, Gruber, O, van Amelsvoort, T, Arango, C, Kircher, T, Nelson, B, Galderisi, S, Weiser, M, Sachs, G, Maatz, A, Bressan, RA, Kwon, JS, Mizrahi, R, PSYSCAN Consortium, McGuire, P, and Kahn, RS
Abstract: BACKGROUND: We examined the course of illness over a 12-month period in a large, international multi-center cohort of people with a first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorder (FES) in a naturalistic, prospective study (PSYSCAN). METHOD: Patients with a first episode of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder (depressive type) or schizophreniform disorder were recruited at 16 institutions in Europe, Israel and Australia. Participants (N = 304) received clinical treatment as usual throughout the study. RESULTS: The mean age of the cohort was 24.3 years (SD = 5.6), and 67 % were male. At baseline, participants presented with a range of intensities of psychotic symptoms, 80 % were taking antipsychotic medication, 68 % were receiving psychological treatment, with 46.5 % in symptomatic remission. The mean duration of untreated psychosis was 6.2 months (SD = 17.0). After one year, 67 % were in symptomatic remission and 61 % were in functional remission, but 31 % had been readmitted to hospital at some time after baseline. In the cohort as a whole, depressive symptoms remained stable over the follow-up period. In patients with a current depressive episode at baseline, depressive symptoms slightly improved. Alcohol, tobacco and cannabis were the most commonly used substances, with daily users of cannabis ranging between 9 and 11 % throughout the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides valuable insight into the early course of a broad range of clinical and functional aspects of illness in FES patients in routine clinical practice.
Published: 2024

2. Supplements to: A naturalistic cohort study of first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorder: a description of the early phase of illness in the PSYSCAN cohort

Author: Slot, Margot I. E. [I.E.Slot-3@umcutrecht.nl], Slot, Margot I. E., van Hell, Hendrika H., Rossum, Inge Winter-van, Dazzan, Paola, Maat, Arija, de Haan, Lieuwe, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Glenthøj, Birte, Lawrie, Stephen M., McDonald, Colm, Gruber, Oliver, van Amelsvoort, Thérèse, Arango, Celso, Kircher, Tilo, Nelson, Barnaby, Galderisi, Silvana, Weiser, Mark, Sachs, Gabriele, Maatz, Anke, Bressan, Rodrigo A., Kwon, Jun Soo, Mizrahi, Romina, McGuire, Philip, Kahn, René S., Slot, Margot I. E. [I.E.Slot-3@umcutrecht.nl], Slot, Margot I. E., van Hell, Hendrika H., Rossum, Inge Winter-van, Dazzan, Paola, Maat, Arija, de Haan, Lieuwe, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Glenthøj, Birte, Lawrie, Stephen M., McDonald, Colm, Gruber, Oliver, van Amelsvoort, Thérèse, Arango, Celso, Kircher, Tilo, Nelson, Barnaby, Galderisi, Silvana, Weiser, Mark, Sachs, Gabriele, Maatz, Anke, Bressan, Rodrigo A., Kwon, Jun Soo, Mizrahi, Romina, McGuire, Philip, and Kahn, René S.
Abstract: Suppl. Figure 1. Percentage of FES patients in symptomatic remission throughout the study., Suppl. Figure 2. Percentage of FES patients in functional remission throughout the study., Suppl. Figure 3. Clustered boxplot displaying the mean depression scores per time point (measured using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale) in the subgroup meeting criteria for a depressive episode at baseline (assessed through the SCID-I) versus the subgroup without a depressive episode at baseline., Suppl. Table 1. Baseline demographics and clinical characteristics of study completers and drop-outs., Suppl. Table 2. Number of patients in symptomatic and functional remission throughout the period of follow-up., Suppl. Table 3. Generalized linear mixed models: pairwise contrasts for symptomatic and functional remission., Suppl. Table 4. Linear mixed models: estimated marginal means for PANSS, GAF, SOFAS, CGI, GF-S, GF-R and HAM-D., Suppl. Table 5. Linear mixed models: estimates of fixed effect time on PANSS, GAF, SOFAS, CGI, GF-S, GF-R and HAM-D., Suppl. Table 6. Number of patients admitted to the hospital since the previous visit due to psychotic symptoms and due to psychiatric reasons in general., Suppl. Table 7. Substances used at least once in the past three months (WHO-ASSIST)., Suppl. Table 8. Number of patients reporting daily or almost daily substance use in the past three months, separated per time point and substance category (WHO-ASSIST)., Suppl. Table 9. Number of patients reporting daily or almost daily substance use in the past three months, separated for the group of symptomatic remitters and non-remitters at month 12., Suppl. Table 10. Baseline demographics and clinical characteristics of symptomatic remitters and non-remitters at month 12., Suppl. Table 11. Summary of sociodemographics and baseline clinical characteristics of FES participants, separated per country., Suppl. Table 12. Number of FES patients in symptomatic remission throughout the period of follow-up, separated per country., Suppl. Table 13. Number of FES patients in functional remission throughout the period of follow-up, separated per country., Suppl. Table 14. Number of FES patients admitted to the hospital for psychiatric reasons throughout the period of follow-up, separated per country., Suppl. Table 15. Number of FES patients admitted to the hospital for psychosis throughout the period of follow-up, separated per country., Suppl. Table 16. Number of FES patients using antipsychotic medication throughout the period of follow-up, separated per country., Suppl. Table 17. Overview of subjects not meeting eligibility criteria., Suppl. Table 18. Number of patients in symptomatic and functional remission throughout the period of follow-up when using alternative definitions., Suppl. Table 19. Generalized linear mixed models: pairwise contrasts for symptomatic and functional remission when using alternative definitions.
Published: 2024

3. A naturalistic cohort study of first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorder: A description of the early phase of illness in the PSYSCAN cohort

Author: European Commission, Slot, Margot I. E., van Hell, Hendrika H., Rossum, Inge Winter-van, Dazzan, Paola, Maat, Arija, de Haan, Lieuwe, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Glenthøj, Birte, Lawrie, Stephen M., McDonald, Colm, Gruber, Oliver, van Amelsvoort, Thérèse, Arango, Celso, Kircher, Tilo, Nelson, Barnaby, Galderisi, Silvana, Weiser, Mark, Sachs, Gabriele, Maatz, Anke, Bressan, Rodrigo A., Kwon, Jun Soo, Mizrahi, Romina, McGuire, Philip, Kahn, René S., European Commission, Slot, Margot I. E., van Hell, Hendrika H., Rossum, Inge Winter-van, Dazzan, Paola, Maat, Arija, de Haan, Lieuwe, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Glenthøj, Birte, Lawrie, Stephen M., McDonald, Colm, Gruber, Oliver, van Amelsvoort, Thérèse, Arango, Celso, Kircher, Tilo, Nelson, Barnaby, Galderisi, Silvana, Weiser, Mark, Sachs, Gabriele, Maatz, Anke, Bressan, Rodrigo A., Kwon, Jun Soo, Mizrahi, Romina, McGuire, Philip, and Kahn, René S.
Abstract: [Background] We examined the course of illness over a 12-month period in a large, international multi-center cohort of people with a first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorder (FES) in a naturalistic, prospective study (PSYSCAN)., [Method] Patients with a first episode of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder (depressive type) or schizophreniform disorder were recruited at 16 institutions in Europe, Israel and Australia. Participants (N = 304) received clinical treatment as usual throughout the study., [Results] The mean age of the cohort was 24.3 years (SD = 5.6), and 67 % were male. At baseline, participants presented with a range of intensities of psychotic symptoms, 80 % were taking antipsychotic medication, 68 % were receiving psychological treatment, with 46.5 % in symptomatic remission. The mean duration of untreated psychosis was 6.2 months (SD = 17.0). After one year, 67 % were in symptomatic remission and 61 % were in functional remission, but 31 % had been readmitted to hospital at some time after baseline. In the cohort as a whole, depressive symptoms remained stable over the follow-up period. In patients with a current depressive episode at baseline, depressive symptoms slightly improved. Alcohol, tobacco and cannabis were the most commonly used substances, with daily users of cannabis ranging between 9 and 11 % throughout the follow-up period., [Conclusions] This study provides valuable insight into the early course of a broad range of clinical and functional aspects of illness in FES patients in routine clinical practice.
Published: 2024

4. A naturalistic cohort study of first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorder:A description of the early phase of illness in the PSYSCAN cohort

Author: Slot, Margot I.E., van Hell, Hendrika H., Rossum, Inge Winter van, Dazzan, Paola, Maat, Arija, de Haan, Lieuwe, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Glenthøj, Birte, Lawrie, Stephen M., McDonald, Colm, Gruber, Oliver, van Amelsvoort, Thérèse, Arango, Celso, Kircher, Tilo, Nelson, Barnaby, Galderisi, Silvana, Weiser, Mark, Sachs, Gabriele, Maatz, Anke, Bressan, Rodrigo A., Kwon, Jun Soo, Mizrahi, Romina, McGuire, Philip, Kahn, René S., Slot, Margot I.E., van Hell, Hendrika H., Rossum, Inge Winter van, Dazzan, Paola, Maat, Arija, de Haan, Lieuwe, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Glenthøj, Birte, Lawrie, Stephen M., McDonald, Colm, Gruber, Oliver, van Amelsvoort, Thérèse, Arango, Celso, Kircher, Tilo, Nelson, Barnaby, Galderisi, Silvana, Weiser, Mark, Sachs, Gabriele, Maatz, Anke, Bressan, Rodrigo A., Kwon, Jun Soo, Mizrahi, Romina, McGuire, Philip, and Kahn, René S.
Abstract: Background We examined the course of illness over a 12-month period in a large, international multi-center cohort of people with a first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorder (FES) in a naturalistic, prospective study (PSYSCAN). Method Patients with a first episode of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder (depressive type) or schizophreniform disorder were recruited at 16 institutions in Europe, Israel and Australia. Participants (N = 304) received clinical treatment as usual throughout the study. Results The mean age of the cohort was 24.3 years (SD = 5.6), and 67 % were male. At baseline, participants presented with a range of intensities of psychotic symptoms, 80 % were taking antipsychotic medication, 68 % were receiving psychological treatment, with 46.5 % in symptomatic remission. The mean duration of untreated psychosis was 6.2 months (SD = 17.0). After one year, 67 % were in symptomatic remission and 61 % were in functional remission, but 31 % had been readmitted to hospital at some time after baseline. In the cohort as a whole, depressive symptoms remained stable over the follow-up period. In patients with a current depressive episode at baseline, depressive symptoms slightly improved. Alcohol, tobacco and cannabis were the most commonly used substances, with daily users of cannabis ranging between 9 and 11 % throughout the follow-up period. Conclusions This study provides valuable insight into the early course of a broad range of clinical and functional aspects of illness in FES patients in routine clinical practice., Background: We examined the course of illness over a 12-month period in a large, international multi-center cohort of people with a first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorder (FES) in a naturalistic, prospective study (PSYSCAN). Method: Patients with a first episode of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder (depressive type) or schizophreniform disorder were recruited at 16 institutions in Europe, Israel and Australia. Participants (N = 304) received clinical treatment as usual throughout the study. Results: The mean age of the cohort was 24.3 years (SD = 5.6), and 67 % were male. At baseline, participants presented with a range of intensities of psychotic symptoms, 80 % were taking antipsychotic medication, 68 % were receiving psychological treatment, with 46.5 % in symptomatic remission. The mean duration of untreated psychosis was 6.2 months (SD = 17.0). After one year, 67 % were in symptomatic remission and 61 % were in functional remission, but 31 % had been readmitted to hospital at some time after baseline. In the cohort as a whole, depressive symptoms remained stable over the follow-up period. In patients with a current depressive episode at baseline, depressive symptoms slightly improved. Alcohol, tobacco and cannabis were the most commonly used substances, with daily users of cannabis ranging between 9 and 11 % throughout the follow-up period. Conclusions: This study provides valuable insight into the early course of a broad range of clinical and functional aspects of illness in FES patients in routine clinical practice.
Published: 2024

5. Negative symptoms and social cognition as mediators of the relationship between neurocognition and functional outcome in schizophrenia

Author: Giordano, Giulia M., Pezzella, Pasquale, Mucci, Armida, Austin, Stephen F., Erfurth, Andreas, Glenthøj, Birte, Hofer, Alex, Hubenak, Jan, Libiger, Jan, Melle, Ingrid, Nielsen, Mette, Rybakowski, Janusz K., Wojciak, Pawel, Galderisi, Silvana, Sachs, Gabriele, Giordano, Giulia M., Pezzella, Pasquale, Mucci, Armida, Austin, Stephen F., Erfurth, Andreas, Glenthøj, Birte, Hofer, Alex, Hubenak, Jan, Libiger, Jan, Melle, Ingrid, Nielsen, Mette, Rybakowski, Janusz K., Wojciak, Pawel, Galderisi, Silvana, and Sachs, Gabriele
Abstract: Introduction: In this study we assessed the contribution of psychopathology, including the two domains of negative symptoms (motivational deficit and expressive deficit), processing speed as an index of neurocognition, and emotion recognition, as an index of social cognition, to poor functional outcomes in people with schizophrenia. Methods: The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale was used to evaluate positive symptoms and disorganization and the Brief Negative Symptom Scale to assess negative symptoms. The Symbol Coding and the Trail Making Test A and B were used to rate processing speed and the Facial Emotion Identification Test to assess emotion recognition. Functional outcome was assessed with the Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP). Regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of functional outcome. Mediation analyses was used to investigate whether social cognition and negative symptom domains fully or partially mediated the impact of processing speed on functional outcome. Results: One hundred and fifty subjects from 8 different European centers were recruited. Our data showed that the expressive deficit predicted global functioning and together with motivational deficit fully mediated the effects of neurocognition on it. Motivational deficit was a predictor of personal and social functioning and fully mediated neurocognitive impairment effects on the same outcome. Both motivational deficit and neurocognitive impairment predicted socially useful activities, and the emotion recognition domain of social cognition partially mediated the impact of neurocognitive deficits on this outcome. Conclusions: Our results indicate that pathways to functional outcomes are specific for different domains of real-life functioning and that negative symptoms and social cognition mediate the impact of neurocognitive deficits on different domains of functioning. Our results suggest that both negative symptoms and social cognition sh, Introduction: In this study we assessed the contribution of psychopathology, including the two domains of negative symptoms (motivational deficit and expressive deficit), processing speed as an index of neurocognition, and emotion recognition, as an index of social cognition, to poor functional outcomes in people with schizophrenia. Methods: The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale was used to evaluate positive symptoms and disorganization and the Brief Negative Symptom Scale to assess negative symptoms. The Symbol Coding and the Trail Making Test A and B were used to rate processing speed and the Facial Emotion Identification Test to assess emotion recognition. Functional outcome was assessed with the Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP). Regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of functional outcome. Mediation analyses was used to investigate whether social cognition and negative symptom domains fully or partially mediated the impact of processing speed on functional outcome. Results: One hundred and fifty subjects from 8 different European centers were recruited. Our data showed that the expressive deficit predicted global functioning and together with motivational deficit fully mediated the effects of neurocognition on it. Motivational deficit was a predictor of personal and social functioning and fully mediated neurocognitive impairment effects on the same outcome. Both motivational deficit and neurocognitive impairment predicted socially useful activities, and the emotion recognition domain of social cognition partially mediated the impact of neurocognitive deficits on this outcome. Conclusions: Our results indicate that pathways to functional outcomes are specific for different domains of real-life functioning and that negative symptoms and social cognition mediate the impact of neurocognitive deficits on different domains of functioning. Our results suggest that both negative symptoms and social cognition should be targeted by psyc
Published: 2024

6. A naturalistic cohort study of first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorder:A description of the early phase of illness in the PSYSCAN cohort

Author: Slot, Margot I.E., van Hell, Hendrika H., Rossum, Inge Winter van, Dazzan, Paola, Maat, Arija, de Haan, Lieuwe, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Glenthøj, Birte, Lawrie, Stephen M., McDonald, Colm, Gruber, Oliver, van Amelsvoort, Thérèse, Arango, Celso, Kircher, Tilo, Nelson, Barnaby, Galderisi, Silvana, Weiser, Mark, Sachs, Gabriele, Maatz, Anke, Bressan, Rodrigo A., Kwon, Jun Soo, Mizrahi, Romina, McGuire, Philip, Kahn, René S., Slot, Margot I.E., van Hell, Hendrika H., Rossum, Inge Winter van, Dazzan, Paola, Maat, Arija, de Haan, Lieuwe, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Glenthøj, Birte, Lawrie, Stephen M., McDonald, Colm, Gruber, Oliver, van Amelsvoort, Thérèse, Arango, Celso, Kircher, Tilo, Nelson, Barnaby, Galderisi, Silvana, Weiser, Mark, Sachs, Gabriele, Maatz, Anke, Bressan, Rodrigo A., Kwon, Jun Soo, Mizrahi, Romina, McGuire, Philip, and Kahn, René S.
Abstract: Background We examined the course of illness over a 12-month period in a large, international multi-center cohort of people with a first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorder (FES) in a naturalistic, prospective study (PSYSCAN). Method Patients with a first episode of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder (depressive type) or schizophreniform disorder were recruited at 16 institutions in Europe, Israel and Australia. Participants (N = 304) received clinical treatment as usual throughout the study. Results The mean age of the cohort was 24.3 years (SD = 5.6), and 67 % were male. At baseline, participants presented with a range of intensities of psychotic symptoms, 80 % were taking antipsychotic medication, 68 % were receiving psychological treatment, with 46.5 % in symptomatic remission. The mean duration of untreated psychosis was 6.2 months (SD = 17.0). After one year, 67 % were in symptomatic remission and 61 % were in functional remission, but 31 % had been readmitted to hospital at some time after baseline. In the cohort as a whole, depressive symptoms remained stable over the follow-up period. In patients with a current depressive episode at baseline, depressive symptoms slightly improved. Alcohol, tobacco and cannabis were the most commonly used substances, with daily users of cannabis ranging between 9 and 11 % throughout the follow-up period. Conclusions This study provides valuable insight into the early course of a broad range of clinical and functional aspects of illness in FES patients in routine clinical practice., Background: We examined the course of illness over a 12-month period in a large, international multi-center cohort of people with a first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorder (FES) in a naturalistic, prospective study (PSYSCAN). Method: Patients with a first episode of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder (depressive type) or schizophreniform disorder were recruited at 16 institutions in Europe, Israel and Australia. Participants (N = 304) received clinical treatment as usual throughout the study. Results: The mean age of the cohort was 24.3 years (SD = 5.6), and 67 % were male. At baseline, participants presented with a range of intensities of psychotic symptoms, 80 % were taking antipsychotic medication, 68 % were receiving psychological treatment, with 46.5 % in symptomatic remission. The mean duration of untreated psychosis was 6.2 months (SD = 17.0). After one year, 67 % were in symptomatic remission and 61 % were in functional remission, but 31 % had been readmitted to hospital at some time after baseline. In the cohort as a whole, depressive symptoms remained stable over the follow-up period. In patients with a current depressive episode at baseline, depressive symptoms slightly improved. Alcohol, tobacco and cannabis were the most commonly used substances, with daily users of cannabis ranging between 9 and 11 % throughout the follow-up period. Conclusions: This study provides valuable insight into the early course of a broad range of clinical and functional aspects of illness in FES patients in routine clinical practice.
Published: 2024

7. Negative symptoms and social cognition as mediators of the relationship between neurocognition and functional outcome in schizophrenia

Author: Giordano, Giulia M., Pezzella, Pasquale, Mucci, Armida, Austin, Stephen F., Erfurth, Andreas, Glenthøj, Birte, Hofer, Alex, Hubenak, Jan, Libiger, Jan, Melle, Ingrid, Nielsen, Mette, Rybakowski, Janusz K., Wojciak, Pawel, Galderisi, Silvana, Sachs, Gabriele, Giordano, Giulia M., Pezzella, Pasquale, Mucci, Armida, Austin, Stephen F., Erfurth, Andreas, Glenthøj, Birte, Hofer, Alex, Hubenak, Jan, Libiger, Jan, Melle, Ingrid, Nielsen, Mette, Rybakowski, Janusz K., Wojciak, Pawel, Galderisi, Silvana, and Sachs, Gabriele
Abstract: Introduction: In this study we assessed the contribution of psychopathology, including the two domains of negative symptoms (motivational deficit and expressive deficit), processing speed as an index of neurocognition, and emotion recognition, as an index of social cognition, to poor functional outcomes in people with schizophrenia. Methods: The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale was used to evaluate positive symptoms and disorganization and the Brief Negative Symptom Scale to assess negative symptoms. The Symbol Coding and the Trail Making Test A and B were used to rate processing speed and the Facial Emotion Identification Test to assess emotion recognition. Functional outcome was assessed with the Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP). Regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of functional outcome. Mediation analyses was used to investigate whether social cognition and negative symptom domains fully or partially mediated the impact of processing speed on functional outcome. Results: One hundred and fifty subjects from 8 different European centers were recruited. Our data showed that the expressive deficit predicted global functioning and together with motivational deficit fully mediated the effects of neurocognition on it. Motivational deficit was a predictor of personal and social functioning and fully mediated neurocognitive impairment effects on the same outcome. Both motivational deficit and neurocognitive impairment predicted socially useful activities, and the emotion recognition domain of social cognition partially mediated the impact of neurocognitive deficits on this outcome. Conclusions: Our results indicate that pathways to functional outcomes are specific for different domains of real-life functioning and that negative symptoms and social cognition mediate the impact of neurocognitive deficits on different domains of functioning. Our results suggest that both negative symptoms and social cognition sh, Introduction: In this study we assessed the contribution of psychopathology, including the two domains of negative symptoms (motivational deficit and expressive deficit), processing speed as an index of neurocognition, and emotion recognition, as an index of social cognition, to poor functional outcomes in people with schizophrenia. Methods: The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale was used to evaluate positive symptoms and disorganization and the Brief Negative Symptom Scale to assess negative symptoms. The Symbol Coding and the Trail Making Test A and B were used to rate processing speed and the Facial Emotion Identification Test to assess emotion recognition. Functional outcome was assessed with the Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP). Regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of functional outcome. Mediation analyses was used to investigate whether social cognition and negative symptom domains fully or partially mediated the impact of processing speed on functional outcome. Results: One hundred and fifty subjects from 8 different European centers were recruited. Our data showed that the expressive deficit predicted global functioning and together with motivational deficit fully mediated the effects of neurocognition on it. Motivational deficit was a predictor of personal and social functioning and fully mediated neurocognitive impairment effects on the same outcome. Both motivational deficit and neurocognitive impairment predicted socially useful activities, and the emotion recognition domain of social cognition partially mediated the impact of neurocognitive deficits on this outcome. Conclusions: Our results indicate that pathways to functional outcomes are specific for different domains of real-life functioning and that negative symptoms and social cognition mediate the impact of neurocognitive deficits on different domains of functioning. Our results suggest that both negative symptoms and social cognition should be targeted by psyc
Published: 2024

8. Extreme deviations from the normative model reveal cortical heterogeneity and associations with negative symptom severity in first-episode psychosis from the OPTiMiSE and GAP studies

Author: Worker, A, Berthert, P, Lawrence, AJ, Kia, SM, Arango, C, Dinga, R, Galderisi, S, Glenthoj, B, Kahn, RS, Leslie, A, Murray, RM, Pariante, CM, Pantelis, C, Weiser, M, Winter-van Rossum, I, Mcguire, P, Dazzan, P, Marquand, AF, Worker, A, Berthert, P, Lawrence, AJ, Kia, SM, Arango, C, Dinga, R, Galderisi, S, Glenthoj, B, Kahn, RS, Leslie, A, Murray, RM, Pariante, CM, Pantelis, C, Weiser, M, Winter-van Rossum, I, Mcguire, P, Dazzan, P, and Marquand, AF
Abstract: There is currently no quantifiable method to predict long-term clinical outcomes in patients presenting with a first episode of psychosis. A major barrier to developing useful markers for this is biological heterogeneity, where many different pathological mechanisms may underly the same set of symptoms in different individuals. Normative modelling has been used to quantify this heterogeneity in established psychotic disorders by identifying regions of the cortex which are thinner than expected based on a normative healthy population range. These brain atypicalities are measured at the individual level and therefore potentially useful in a clinical setting. However, it is still unclear whether alterations in individual brain structure can be detected at the time of the first psychotic episode, and whether they are associated with subsequent clinical outcomes. We applied normative modelling of cortical thickness to a sample of first-episode psychosis patients, with the aim of quantifying heterogeneity and to use any pattern of cortical atypicality to predict symptoms and response to antipsychotic medication at timepoints from baseline up to 95 weeks (median follow-ups = 4). T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance images from the GAP and OPTiMiSE samples were processed with Freesurfer V6.0.0 yielding 148 cortical thickness features. An existing normative model of cortical thickness (n = 37,126) was adapted to integrate data from each clinical site and account for effects of gender and site. Our test sample consisted of control participants (n = 149, mean age = 26, SD = 6.7) and patient data (n = 295, mean age = 26, SD = 6.7), this sample was used for estimating deviations from the normative model and subsequent statistical analysis. For each individual, the 148 cortical thickness features were mapped to centiles of the normative distribution and converted to z-scores reflecting the distance from the population mean. Individual cortical thickness metrics of +/- 2.6 standar
Published: 2023

9. Extreme deviations from the normative model reveal cortical heterogeneity and associations with negative symptom severity in first-episode psychosis from the OPTiMiSE and GAP studies.

Author: Worker, A., Berthert, P., Lawrence, A.J., Kia, S.M., Arango, C., Dinga, R., Galderisi, S., Glenthøj, B., Kahn, R.S., Leslie, A., Murray, R.M., Pariante, C.M., Pantelis, C., Weiser, M., Winter-van Rossum, I., McGuire, P., Dazzan, P., Marquand, A.F., Worker, A., Berthert, P., Lawrence, A.J., Kia, S.M., Arango, C., Dinga, R., Galderisi, S., Glenthøj, B., Kahn, R.S., Leslie, A., Murray, R.M., Pariante, C.M., Pantelis, C., Weiser, M., Winter-van Rossum, I., McGuire, P., Dazzan, P., and Marquand, A.F.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 300063.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access), There is currently no quantifiable method to predict long-term clinical outcomes in patients presenting with a first episode of psychosis. A major barrier to developing useful markers for this is biological heterogeneity, where many different pathological mechanisms may underly the same set of symptoms in different individuals. Normative modelling has been used to quantify this heterogeneity in established psychotic disorders by identifying regions of the cortex which are thinner than expected based on a normative healthy population range. These brain atypicalities are measured at the individual level and therefore potentially useful in a clinical setting. However, it is still unclear whether alterations in individual brain structure can be detected at the time of the first psychotic episode, and whether they are associated with subsequent clinical outcomes. We applied normative modelling of cortical thickness to a sample of first-episode psychosis patients, with the aim of quantifying heterogeneity and to use any pattern of cortical atypicality to predict symptoms and response to antipsychotic medication at timepoints from baseline up to 95 weeks (median follow-ups = 4). T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance images from the GAP and OPTiMiSE samples were processed with Freesurfer V6.0.0 yielding 148 cortical thickness features. An existing normative model of cortical thickness (n = 37,126) was adapted to integrate data from each clinical site and account for effects of gender and site. Our test sample consisted of control participants (n = 149, mean age = 26, SD = 6.7) and patient data (n = 295, mean age = 26, SD = 6.7), this sample was used for estimating deviations from the normative model and subsequent statistical analysis. For each individual, the 148 cortical thickness features were mapped to centiles of the normative distribution and converted to z-scores reflecting the distance from the population mean. Individual cortical thickness metrics of +/- 2.6 standar
Published: 2023

10. Uscita di Sicurezza

Author: Galderisi D., Sbattella, Fabio, Sbattella F. (ORCID:0000-0001-9892-2385), Galderisi D., Sbattella, Fabio, and Sbattella F. (ORCID:0000-0001-9892-2385)
Abstract: Viene chiarito il ruolo della mente in emergenza
Published: 2023

11. Negative symptoms in First-Episode Schizophrenia related to morphometric alterations in orbitofrontal and superior temporal cortex:the OPTiMiSE study

Author: Demjaha, Arsime, Galderisi, Silvana, Glenthoj, Birthe, Arango, Celso, Mucci, Armida, Lawrence, Andrew, O'Daly, Owen, Kempton, Matthew, Ciufolini, Simone, Baandrup, Lone, Ebdrup, Bjorn H., Rodriguez-Jimenez, Roberto, Diaz-Marsa, Maria, Martinez Diaz-Caneja, Covadonga, van Rossum, Inge Winter, Kahn, Rene, Dazzan, Paola, McGuire, Philip, Demjaha, Arsime, Galderisi, Silvana, Glenthoj, Birthe, Arango, Celso, Mucci, Armida, Lawrence, Andrew, O'Daly, Owen, Kempton, Matthew, Ciufolini, Simone, Baandrup, Lone, Ebdrup, Bjorn H., Rodriguez-Jimenez, Roberto, Diaz-Marsa, Maria, Martinez Diaz-Caneja, Covadonga, van Rossum, Inge Winter, Kahn, Rene, Dazzan, Paola, and McGuire, Philip
Abstract: Background Negative symptoms are one of the most incapacitating features of Schizophrenia but their pathophysiology remains unclear. They have been linked to alterations in grey matter in several brain regions, but findings have been inconsistent. This may reflect the investigation of relatively small patient samples, and the confounding effects of chronic illness and exposure to antipsychotic medication. We sought to address these issues by investigating concurrently grey matter volumes (GMV) and cortical thickness (CTh) in a large sample of antipsychotic-naive or minimally treated patients with First-Episode Schizophrenia (FES). Methods T1-weighted structural MRI brain scans were acquired from 180 antipsychotic-naive or minimally treated patients recruited as part of the OPTiMiSE study. The sample was stratified into subgroups with (N = 88) or without (N = 92) Prominent Negative Symptoms (PMN), based on PANSS ratings at presentation. Regional GMV and CTh in the two groups were compared using Voxel-Based Morphometry (VBM) and FreeSurfer (FS). Between-group differences were corrected for multiple comparisons via Family-Wise Error (FWE) and Monte Carlo z-field simulation respectively at p < 0.05 (2-tailed). Results The presence of PMN symptoms was associated with larger left inferior orbitofrontal volume (p = 0.03) and greater CTh in the left lateral orbitofrontal gyrus (p = 0.007), but reduced CTh in the left superior temporal gyrus (p = 0.009). Conclusions The findings highlight the role of orbitofrontal and temporal cortices in the pathogenesis of negative symptoms of Schizophrenia. As they were evident in generally untreated FEP patients, the results are unlikely to be related to effects of previous treatment or illness chronicity.
Published: 2023

12. Efficacy of oral versus long-acting antipsychotic treatment in patients with early-phase schizophrenia in Europe and Israel:a large-scale, open-label, randomised trial (EULAST)

Author: Winter-van Rossum, Inge, Weiser, Mark, Galderisi, Silvana, Leucht, Stefan, Bitter, Istvan, Glenthøj, Birte, Hasan, Alkomiet, Luykx, Jurjen, Kupchik, Marina, Psota, Georg, Rocca, Paola, Stefanis, Nikos, Teitelbaum, Alexander, Bar Haim, Mor, Leucht, Claudia, Kemmler, Georg, Schurr, Timo, Davidson, Michael, Kahn, René S., Fleischhacker, W. Wolfgang, Winter-van Rossum, Inge, Weiser, Mark, Galderisi, Silvana, Leucht, Stefan, Bitter, Istvan, Glenthøj, Birte, Hasan, Alkomiet, Luykx, Jurjen, Kupchik, Marina, Psota, Georg, Rocca, Paola, Stefanis, Nikos, Teitelbaum, Alexander, Bar Haim, Mor, Leucht, Claudia, Kemmler, Georg, Schurr, Timo, Davidson, Michael, Kahn, René S., and Fleischhacker, W. Wolfgang
Abstract: Background Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder with periods of remission and relapse. As discontinuation of antipsychotic medication is the most important reason for relapse, long-term maintenance treatment is key. Whether intramuscular long-acting (depot) antipsychotics are more efficacious than oral medication in preventing medication discontinuation is still unresolved. We aimed to compare time to all-cause discontinuation in patients randomly allocated to long-acting injectable (LAI) versus oral medication. Methods EULAST was a pragmatic, randomised, open-label trial conducted at 50 general hospitals and psychiatric specialty clinics in 15 European countries and Israel. Patients aged 18 years and older, with DSM-IV schizophrenia (as confirmed by the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview 5 plus) and having experienced their first psychotic episode from 6 months to 7 years before screening, were randomly allocated (1:1:1:1) using block randomisation to LAI paliperidone, LAI aripiprazole, or the respective oral formulations of these antipsychotics. Randomisation was stratified by country and duration of illness (6 months up to 3 years vs 4 to 7 years). Patients were followed up for up to 19 months. The primary endpoint was discontinuation, regardless of the reason, during 19 months of treatment. We used survival analysis to assess the time until all-cause discontinuation in the intention-to-treat (ITT) group, and per protocol analyses were also done. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02146547, and is complete. Findings Between Feb 24, 2015, and Dec 15, 2018, 533 individuals were recruited and assessed for eligibility. The ITT population included 511 participants, with 171 (33%) women and 340 (67%) men, and a mean age of 30·5 (SD 9·6) years. 410 (80%) of 511 participants were White, 35 (7%) were Black, 20 (4%) were Asian, and 46 (9%) were other ethnicity. In the combined oral antipsychotics treatmen, BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder with periods of remission and relapse. As discontinuation of antipsychotic medication is the most important reason for relapse, long-term maintenance treatment is key. Whether intramuscular long-acting (depot) antipsychotics are more efficacious than oral medication in preventing medication discontinuation is still unresolved. We aimed to compare time to all-cause discontinuation in patients randomly allocated to long-acting injectable (LAI) versus oral medication. METHODS: EULAST was a pragmatic, randomised, open-label trial conducted at 50 general hospitals and psychiatric specialty clinics in 15 European countries and Israel. Patients aged 18 years and older, with DSM-IV schizophrenia (as confirmed by the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview 5 plus) and having experienced their first psychotic episode from 6 months to 7 years before screening, were randomly allocated (1:1:1:1) using block randomisation to LAI paliperidone, LAI aripiprazole, or the respective oral formulations of these antipsychotics. Randomisation was stratified by country and duration of illness (6 months up to 3 years vs 4 to 7 years). Patients were followed up for up to 19 months. The primary endpoint was discontinuation, regardless of the reason, during 19 months of treatment. We used survival analysis to assess the time until all-cause discontinuation in the intention-to-treat (ITT) group, and per protocol analyses were also done. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02146547, and is complete. FINDINGS: Between Feb 24, 2015, and Dec 15, 2018, 533 individuals were recruited and assessed for eligibility. The ITT population included 511 participants, with 171 (33%) women and 340 (67%) men, and a mean age of 30·5 (SD 9·6) years. 410 (80%) of 511 participants were White, 35 (7%) were Black, 20 (4%) were Asian, and 46 (9%) were other ethnicity. In the combined oral antipsychotics treatment group of 247 patients
Published: 2023

13. Extreme deviations from the normative model reveal cortical heterogeneity and associations with negative symptom severity in first-episode psychosis from the OPTiMiSE and GAP studies

Author: Onderzoeksgroep 1, Onderzoeksgroep 11, Brain, Onderzoeksgroep 9, Worker, Amanda, Berthert, Pierre, Lawrence, Andrew J., Kia, Seyed Mostafa, Arango, Celso, Dinga, Richard, Galderisi, Silvana, Glenthøj, Birte, Kahn, René S., Leslie, Anoushka, Murray, Robin M., Pariante, Carmine M., Pantelis, Christos, Weiser, Mark, Winter-van Rossum, Inge, McGuire, Philip, Dazzan, Paola, Marquand, Andre F., Onderzoeksgroep 1, Onderzoeksgroep 11, Brain, Onderzoeksgroep 9, Worker, Amanda, Berthert, Pierre, Lawrence, Andrew J., Kia, Seyed Mostafa, Arango, Celso, Dinga, Richard, Galderisi, Silvana, Glenthøj, Birte, Kahn, René S., Leslie, Anoushka, Murray, Robin M., Pariante, Carmine M., Pantelis, Christos, Weiser, Mark, Winter-van Rossum, Inge, McGuire, Philip, Dazzan, Paola, and Marquand, Andre F.
Published: 2023

14. Negative symptoms in First-Episode Schizophrenia related to morphometric alterations in orbitofrontal and superior temporal cortex: the OPTiMiSE study

Author: Onderzoeksgroep 9, Brain, Onderzoeksgroep 11, Demjaha, Arsime, Galderisi, Silvana, Glenthøj, Birthe, Arango, Celso, Mucci, Armida, Lawrence, Andrew, O'Daly, Owen, Kempton, Matthew, Ciufolini, Simone, Baandrup, Lone, Ebdrup, Bjørn H, Rodriguez-Jimenez, Roberto, Diaz-Marsa, Maria, Díaz-Caneja, Covadonga Martinez, Winter van Rossum, Inge, Kahn, Rene, Dazzan, Paola, McGuire, Philip, Onderzoeksgroep 9, Brain, Onderzoeksgroep 11, Demjaha, Arsime, Galderisi, Silvana, Glenthøj, Birthe, Arango, Celso, Mucci, Armida, Lawrence, Andrew, O'Daly, Owen, Kempton, Matthew, Ciufolini, Simone, Baandrup, Lone, Ebdrup, Bjørn H, Rodriguez-Jimenez, Roberto, Diaz-Marsa, Maria, Díaz-Caneja, Covadonga Martinez, Winter van Rossum, Inge, Kahn, Rene, Dazzan, Paola, and McGuire, Philip
Published: 2023

15. Recommendations, guidelines, and best practice for the use of human induced pluripotent stem cells for neuropharmacological studies of neuropsychiatric disorders

Author: Dutan Polit, Lucia, Eidhof, Ilse; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1567-3078, McNeill, Rhiannon V; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3297-9212, Warre-Cornish, Katherine M; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7892-4295, Yde Ohki, Cristine Marie, Walter, Natalie Monet, Sala, Carlo; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0662-9523, Verpelli, Chiara, Radtke, Franziska, Galderisi, Silvana, Mucci, Armida; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6195-9456, Collo, Ginetta, Edenhofer, Frank, Castrén, Maija L, Réthelyi, János M, Ejlersen, Morten, Hohmann, Sonja Simone, Ilieva, Mirolyuba S; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7992-8885, Lukjanska, Renate; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4981-7789, Matuleviciute, Rugile; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5618-5700, Michel, Tanja Maria, de Vrij, Femke M S, Kushner, Steven A; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9777-3338, Lendemeijer, Bas, Kittel-Schneider, Sarah, Ziegler, Georg C, Gruber-Schoffnegger, Doris, Pasterkamp, R Jeroen; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1631-6440, Kasri, Amal, Potier, Marie-Claude, et al, Grünblatt, Edna; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8505-7265, Dutan Polit, Lucia, Eidhof, Ilse; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1567-3078, McNeill, Rhiannon V; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3297-9212, Warre-Cornish, Katherine M; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7892-4295, Yde Ohki, Cristine Marie, Walter, Natalie Monet, Sala, Carlo; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0662-9523, Verpelli, Chiara, Radtke, Franziska, Galderisi, Silvana, Mucci, Armida; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6195-9456, Collo, Ginetta, Edenhofer, Frank, Castrén, Maija L, Réthelyi, János M, Ejlersen, Morten, Hohmann, Sonja Simone, Ilieva, Mirolyuba S; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7992-8885, Lukjanska, Renate; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4981-7789, Matuleviciute, Rugile; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5618-5700, Michel, Tanja Maria, de Vrij, Femke M S, Kushner, Steven A; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9777-3338, Lendemeijer, Bas, Kittel-Schneider, Sarah, Ziegler, Georg C, Gruber-Schoffnegger, Doris, Pasterkamp, R Jeroen; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1631-6440, Kasri, Amal, Potier, Marie-Claude, et al, and Grünblatt, Edna; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8505-7265
Abstract: The number of individuals suffering from neuropsychiatric disorders (NPDs) has increased worldwide, with 3 million disability-adjusted life-years calculated in 2019. Though research using various approaches including genetics, imaging, clinical and animal models has advanced our knowledge regarding NPDs, we still lack basic knowledge regarding the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Moreover, there is an urgent need for highly effective therapeutics for NPDs. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) generated from somatic cells enabled scientists to create brain cells in a patient-specific manner. However, there are challenges to the use of hiPSCs that need to be addressed. In the current paper, consideration of best practices for neuropharmacological and neuropsychiatric research using hiPSCs will be discussed. Specifically, we provide recommendations for best practice in patient recruitment, including collecting demographic, clinical, medical (before and after treatment and response), diagnostic (including scales) and genetic data from the donors. We highlight considerations regarding donor genetics and sex, in addition to discussing biological and technical replicates. Furthermore, we present our views on selecting control groups/lines, experimental designs, and considerations for conducting neuropharmacological studies using hiPSC-based models in the context of NPDs. In doing so, we explore key issues in the field concerning reproducibility, statistical analysis, and how to translate in vitro studies into clinically relevant observations. The aim of this article is to provide a key resource for hiPSC researchers to perform robust and reproducible neuropharmacological studies, with the ultimate aim of improving identification and clinical translation of novel therapeutic drugs for NPDs.
Published: 2023

16. Extreme deviations from the normative model reveal cortical heterogeneity and associations with negative symptom severity in first-episode psychosis from the OPTiMiSE and GAP studies

Author: Worker, Amanda, Berthert, Pierre, Lawrence, Andrew J., Kia, Seyed Mostafa, Arango, Celso, Dinga, Richard, Galderisi, Silvana, Glenthøj, Birte, Kahn, René S., Leslie, Anoushka, Murray, Robin M., Pariante, Carmine M., Pantelis, Christos, Weiser, Mark, Winter-van Rossum, Inge, McGuire, Philip, Dazzan, Paola, Marquand, Andre F., Worker, Amanda, Berthert, Pierre, Lawrence, Andrew J., Kia, Seyed Mostafa, Arango, Celso, Dinga, Richard, Galderisi, Silvana, Glenthøj, Birte, Kahn, René S., Leslie, Anoushka, Murray, Robin M., Pariante, Carmine M., Pantelis, Christos, Weiser, Mark, Winter-van Rossum, Inge, McGuire, Philip, Dazzan, Paola, and Marquand, Andre F.
Abstract: There is currently no quantifiable method to predict long-term clinical outcomes in patients presenting with a first episode of psychosis. A major barrier to developing useful markers for this is biological heterogeneity, where many different pathological mechanisms may underly the same set of symptoms in different individuals. Normative modelling has been used to quantify this heterogeneity in established psychotic disorders by identifying regions of the cortex which are thinner than expected based on a normative healthy population range. These brain atypicalities are measured at the individual level and therefore potentially useful in a clinical setting. However, it is still unclear whether alterations in individual brain structure can be detected at the time of the first psychotic episode, and whether they are associated with subsequent clinical outcomes. We applied normative modelling of cortical thickness to a sample of first-episode psychosis patients, with the aim of quantifying heterogeneity and to use any pattern of cortical atypicality to predict symptoms and response to antipsychotic medication at timepoints from baseline up to 95 weeks (median follow-ups = 4). T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance images from the GAP and OPTiMiSE samples were processed with Freesurfer V6.0.0 yielding 148 cortical thickness features. An existing normative model of cortical thickness (n = 37,126) was adapted to integrate data from each clinical site and account for effects of gender and site. Our test sample consisted of control participants (n = 149, mean age = 26, SD = 6.7) and patient data (n = 295, mean age = 26, SD = 6.7), this sample was used for estimating deviations from the normative model and subsequent statistical analysis. For each individual, the 148 cortical thickness features were mapped to centiles of the normative distribution and converted to z-scores reflecting the distance from the population mean. Individual cortical thickness metrics of +/– 2.6 standar, There is currently no quantifiable method to predict long-term clinical outcomes in patients presenting with a first episode of psychosis. A major barrier to developing useful markers for this is biological heterogeneity, where many different pathological mechanisms may underly the same set of symptoms in different individuals. Normative modelling has been used to quantify this heterogeneity in established psychotic disorders by identifying regions of the cortex which are thinner than expected based on a normative healthy population range. These brain atypicalities are measured at the individual level and therefore potentially useful in a clinical setting. However, it is still unclear whether alterations in individual brain structure can be detected at the time of the first psychotic episode, and whether they are associated with subsequent clinical outcomes. We applied normative modelling of cortical thickness to a sample of first-episode psychosis patients, with the aim of quantifying heterogeneity and to use any pattern of cortical atypicality to predict symptoms and response to antipsychotic medication at timepoints from baseline up to 95 weeks (median follow-ups = 4). T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance images from the GAP and OPTiMiSE samples were processed with Freesurfer V6.0.0 yielding 148 cortical thickness features. An existing normative model of cortical thickness (n = 37,126) was adapted to integrate data from each clinical site and account for effects of gender and site. Our test sample consisted of control participants (n = 149, mean age = 26, SD = 6.7) and patient data (n = 295, mean age = 26, SD = 6.7), this sample was used for estimating deviations from the normative model and subsequent statistical analysis. For each individual, the 148 cortical thickness features were mapped to centiles of the normative distribution and converted to z-scores reflecting the distance from the population mean. Individual cortical thickness metrics of +/– 2.6 stan
Published: 2023

17. Extreme deviations from the normative model reveal cortical heterogeneity and associations with negative symptom severity in first-episode psychosis from the OPTiMiSE and GAP studies

Author: Worker, Amanda, Berthert, Pierre, Lawrence, Andrew J., Kia, Seyed Mostafa, Arango, Celso, Dinga, Richard, Galderisi, Silvana, Glenthøj, Birte, Kahn, René S., Leslie, Anoushka, Murray, Robin M., Pariante, Carmine M., Pantelis, Christos, Weiser, Mark, Winter-van Rossum, Inge, McGuire, Philip, Dazzan, Paola, Marquand, Andre F., Worker, Amanda, Berthert, Pierre, Lawrence, Andrew J., Kia, Seyed Mostafa, Arango, Celso, Dinga, Richard, Galderisi, Silvana, Glenthøj, Birte, Kahn, René S., Leslie, Anoushka, Murray, Robin M., Pariante, Carmine M., Pantelis, Christos, Weiser, Mark, Winter-van Rossum, Inge, McGuire, Philip, Dazzan, Paola, and Marquand, Andre F.
Abstract: There is currently no quantifiable method to predict long-term clinical outcomes in patients presenting with a first episode of psychosis. A major barrier to developing useful markers for this is biological heterogeneity, where many different pathological mechanisms may underly the same set of symptoms in different individuals. Normative modelling has been used to quantify this heterogeneity in established psychotic disorders by identifying regions of the cortex which are thinner than expected based on a normative healthy population range. These brain atypicalities are measured at the individual level and therefore potentially useful in a clinical setting. However, it is still unclear whether alterations in individual brain structure can be detected at the time of the first psychotic episode, and whether they are associated with subsequent clinical outcomes. We applied normative modelling of cortical thickness to a sample of first-episode psychosis patients, with the aim of quantifying heterogeneity and to use any pattern of cortical atypicality to predict symptoms and response to antipsychotic medication at timepoints from baseline up to 95 weeks (median follow-ups = 4). T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance images from the GAP and OPTiMiSE samples were processed with Freesurfer V6.0.0 yielding 148 cortical thickness features. An existing normative model of cortical thickness (n = 37,126) was adapted to integrate data from each clinical site and account for effects of gender and site. Our test sample consisted of control participants (n = 149, mean age = 26, SD = 6.7) and patient data (n = 295, mean age = 26, SD = 6.7), this sample was used for estimating deviations from the normative model and subsequent statistical analysis. For each individual, the 148 cortical thickness features were mapped to centiles of the normative distribution and converted to z-scores reflecting the distance from the population mean. Individual cortical thickness metrics of +/– 2.6 standar, There is currently no quantifiable method to predict long-term clinical outcomes in patients presenting with a first episode of psychosis. A major barrier to developing useful markers for this is biological heterogeneity, where many different pathological mechanisms may underly the same set of symptoms in different individuals. Normative modelling has been used to quantify this heterogeneity in established psychotic disorders by identifying regions of the cortex which are thinner than expected based on a normative healthy population range. These brain atypicalities are measured at the individual level and therefore potentially useful in a clinical setting. However, it is still unclear whether alterations in individual brain structure can be detected at the time of the first psychotic episode, and whether they are associated with subsequent clinical outcomes. We applied normative modelling of cortical thickness to a sample of first-episode psychosis patients, with the aim of quantifying heterogeneity and to use any pattern of cortical atypicality to predict symptoms and response to antipsychotic medication at timepoints from baseline up to 95 weeks (median follow-ups = 4). T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance images from the GAP and OPTiMiSE samples were processed with Freesurfer V6.0.0 yielding 148 cortical thickness features. An existing normative model of cortical thickness (n = 37,126) was adapted to integrate data from each clinical site and account for effects of gender and site. Our test sample consisted of control participants (n = 149, mean age = 26, SD = 6.7) and patient data (n = 295, mean age = 26, SD = 6.7), this sample was used for estimating deviations from the normative model and subsequent statistical analysis. For each individual, the 148 cortical thickness features were mapped to centiles of the normative distribution and converted to z-scores reflecting the distance from the population mean. Individual cortical thickness metrics of +/– 2.6 stan
Published: 2023

18. Negative symptoms in First-Episode Schizophrenia related to morphometric alterations in orbitofrontal and superior temporal cortex:the OPTiMiSE study

Author: Demjaha, Arsime, Galderisi, Silvana, Glenthoj, Birthe, Arango, Celso, Mucci, Armida, Lawrence, Andrew, O'Daly, Owen, Kempton, Matthew, Ciufolini, Simone, Baandrup, Lone, Ebdrup, Bjorn H., Rodriguez-Jimenez, Roberto, Diaz-Marsa, Maria, Martinez Diaz-Caneja, Covadonga, van Rossum, Inge Winter, Kahn, Rene, Dazzan, Paola, McGuire, Philip, Demjaha, Arsime, Galderisi, Silvana, Glenthoj, Birthe, Arango, Celso, Mucci, Armida, Lawrence, Andrew, O'Daly, Owen, Kempton, Matthew, Ciufolini, Simone, Baandrup, Lone, Ebdrup, Bjorn H., Rodriguez-Jimenez, Roberto, Diaz-Marsa, Maria, Martinez Diaz-Caneja, Covadonga, van Rossum, Inge Winter, Kahn, Rene, Dazzan, Paola, and McGuire, Philip
Abstract: Background Negative symptoms are one of the most incapacitating features of Schizophrenia but their pathophysiology remains unclear. They have been linked to alterations in grey matter in several brain regions, but findings have been inconsistent. This may reflect the investigation of relatively small patient samples, and the confounding effects of chronic illness and exposure to antipsychotic medication. We sought to address these issues by investigating concurrently grey matter volumes (GMV) and cortical thickness (CTh) in a large sample of antipsychotic-naive or minimally treated patients with First-Episode Schizophrenia (FES). Methods T1-weighted structural MRI brain scans were acquired from 180 antipsychotic-naive or minimally treated patients recruited as part of the OPTiMiSE study. The sample was stratified into subgroups with (N = 88) or without (N = 92) Prominent Negative Symptoms (PMN), based on PANSS ratings at presentation. Regional GMV and CTh in the two groups were compared using Voxel-Based Morphometry (VBM) and FreeSurfer (FS). Between-group differences were corrected for multiple comparisons via Family-Wise Error (FWE) and Monte Carlo z-field simulation respectively at p < 0.05 (2-tailed). Results The presence of PMN symptoms was associated with larger left inferior orbitofrontal volume (p = 0.03) and greater CTh in the left lateral orbitofrontal gyrus (p = 0.007), but reduced CTh in the left superior temporal gyrus (p = 0.009). Conclusions The findings highlight the role of orbitofrontal and temporal cortices in the pathogenesis of negative symptoms of Schizophrenia. As they were evident in generally untreated FEP patients, the results are unlikely to be related to effects of previous treatment or illness chronicity.
Published: 2023

19. Tocilizumab for patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. The single-arm TOCIVID-19 prospective trial

Author: Perrone, F, Piccirillo, M, Ascierto, P, Salvarani, C, Parrella, R, Marata, A, Popoli, P, Ferraris, L, Marrocco-trischitta, M, Ripamonti, D, Binda, F, Bonfanti, P, Squillace, N, Castelli, F, Muiesan, M, Lichtner, M, Calzetti, C, Salerno, N, Atripaldi, L, Cascella, M, Costantini, M, Dolci, G, Facciolongo, N, Fraganza, F, Massari, M, Montesarchio, V, Mussini, C, Negri, E, Botti, G, Cardone, C, Gargiulo, P, Gravina, A, Schettino, C, Arenare, L, Chiodini, P, Gallo, C, Vitale, M, Trojaniello, C, Palla, M, Bianchi, A, De Feo, G, Miscio, L, Froldi, M, Menicanti, L, Cuppone, M, Gobbo, G, Baldessari, C, Valenti, V, Castelvecchio, S, Poli, F, Giacomazzi, F, Piccinni, R, Annnunziata, M, Biondi, A, Bussolari, C, Mazzoleni, M, Giachi, A, Filtz, A, Manini, A, Poletti, E, Masserini, F, Conforti, F, Gaudiano, G, Favero, V, Moroni, A, Viva, T, Fancoli, F, Ferrari, D, Niro, D, Resta, M, Ballotta, A, Poli, M, Ranucci, M, Tebaldi, A, Gritti, G, Pasulo, L, Gaglio, L, Del Fabbro, R, Alborghetti, L, Giustinetti, G, Columpsi, P, Cazzaniga, M, Capici, S, Sala, L, Di Sciacca, R, Mosca, G, Pirozzi, M, Franceschini, F, Roccaro, A, Salvetti, M, Paini, A, Corda, L, Ricci, C, Tomasoni, L, Nasta, P, Lorenzotti, S, Odolini, S, Foca, E, Roldan, E, Metra, M, Magrini, S, Borghetti, P, Latronico, N, Piva, S, Filippini, M, Tomasoni, G, Zuccala, F, Cattaneo, S, Scolari, F, Bossini, N, Gaggiotti, M, Properzi, M, Del Giudice, E, Marocco, R, Carraro, A, Del Borgo, C, Belvisi, V, Tieghi, T, De Masi, M, Zuccala, P, Fabietti, P, Vetica, A, Mercurio, V, Fondaco, L, Kertusha, B, Curtolo, A, Lubrano, R, Zotti, M, Puorto, A, Ciuffreda, M, Sarni, A, Monteforte, G, Romeo, D, Viola, E, Damiani, C, Barone, A, Mantovani, B, Di Sanzo, D, Gentili, V, Carletti, M, Aiuti, M, Gallo, A, Meliante, P, Martellucci, S, Riggio, O, Cardinale, V, Ridola, L, Bragazzi, M, Gioia, S, Valenzi, E, Graziosi, C, Bina, N, Fasolo, M, Ricci, S, Gioacchini, M, Lucci, A, Corso, L, Tornese, D, Nijhawan, P, Equitani, F, Cosentino, C, Palladino, M, Leonetti, F, Leto, G, Gnessi, C, Campagna, G, Cesareo, R, Marrocco, F, Straface, G, Mecozzi, A, Cerbo, L, Isgro, V, Parrocchia, S, Visconti, G, Casati, G, Ariani, A, Donghi, L, Tacconelli, E, Bertoldi, M, Cattaneo, P, Lambertenghi, L, Motta, L, Omega, L, Albano, G, Scarano, F, De Rosa, A, Buglione, A, Lavoretano, S, Gaglione, G, De Marco, M, Sangiovanni, V, Fusco, F, Viglietti, R, Manzillo, E, Rescigno, C, Pisapia, R, Plamieri, G, Maraolo, A, Calabria, G, Catalano, M, Fiorentino, G, Annunziata, A, Polistina, G, Imitazione, P, Mollica, M, Esposito, V, D'Abraccio, M, Punzi, R, Bianco, V, Sbreglia, C, Del Vecchio, R, Bordonali, A, Franco, A, Salsi, P, Fontana, M, Virzi, G, Ornella, C, Molteni, A, Gennarini, S, Gnudi, U, Ricci, M, Titolo, G, Mensi, G, Vuotto, P, Gasperini, B, Mancini, M, Pasquini, Z, Spanu, P, Clementi, S, Pierini, S, Bokor, D, Gori, D, Ciofetti, M, Caimi, M, Bettazzi, L, Allevi, E, Furiani, S, Capitanio, C, Mastropasqua, B, Fara, C, Pulitano, G, Matsuno, J, 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C., Gioia S., Valenzi E., Graziosi C., Bina N., Fasolo M., Ricci S., Gioacchini M. T., Lucci A., Corso L., Tornese D., Nijhawan P., Equitani F., Cosentino C., Palladino M., Leonetti F., Leto G., Gnessi C., Campagna G., Cesareo R., Marrocco F., Straface G., Mecozzi A., Cerbo L., Isgro V., Parrocchia S., Visconti G., Casati G., Ariani A., Donghi L., Tacconelli E., Bertoldi M., Cattaneo P., Lambertenghi L., Motta L., Omega L., Albano G., Scarano F., De Rosa A., Buglione A., Lavoretano S., Gaglione G., De Marco M., Sangiovanni V., Fusco F. M., Viglietti R., Manzillo E., Rescigno C., Pisapia R., Plamieri G., Maraolo A., Calabria G., Catalano M., Fiorentino G., Annunziata A., Polistina G., Imitazione P., Mollica M., Esposito V., D'abraccio M., Punzi R., Bianco V., Sbreglia C., Del Vecchio R. F., Bordonali A., Franco A., Salsi P., Fontana M., Virzi G., Ornella C., Molteni A., Gennarini S., Gnudi U., Ricci M. A., Titolo G., Mensi G., Vuotto P., Gasperini B., Mancini M., Pasquini Z., Spanu P., Clementi S., Pierini S., Bokor D., Gori D., Ciofetti M., Caimi M., Bettazzi L., Allevi E., Furiani S., Capitanio C., Mastropasqua B., Fara C., Pulitano G., Matsuno J. S., Porta F. D., Dolfini V., Beyene N. B., Bezzi M., Novali M., Viale P., Tedeschi S., Pascale R., Bruno R., Di Filippo A., Sachs M., Oggionni T., Di Stefano M., Mengoli C., Facchini C., Daniele D. N., Frausini G., Mucci L., Tedesco S., Girolimetti R., Manfredini E., Di Carlo A. M., Espinosa E., Dennetta D., Ticinesi A., Meschi T., Nouvenne A., Claudio N., Vitale F., Saracco M., Codeluppi M., Fronti E., Ferrante P., Nespola G. A., Francisci D., Tosti A., Carbonelli C. M., Greco A., Tinti M. G., Stellini R., Appiani C., Reghenzi P., Poletti V., Ravaglia C., Tacconi D., Malcontenti C., Sainaghi P. P., Landi R., Vassia V., Rizzi E., Bellan M., Rossati A., Castello L., Mastroianni C. M., Russo G., Fabio T., Serino F. 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L., Bottalico I., Ponticiello A., Di Perna F., Bernardi E., Beltrame A., Bravi S., David M., Bernardi P., Galante D., Uccelli M. C., Prestini K., Drera M., Zini E., Peregrinelli A., Blanzuoli L., Benedetti V., Calvi R., Scaglione N., Nallino G., Bonazzi M., Crespi T., Masolin T., Regazzetti A., Cerri M. C., Maffezzini E., Piazza M., Papetti C., Filippi C. D., Roveda E., Cipolla G., Scozzafava M., Crepaldi M., Henchi S., Vanoni N., Repossi A., Vezzoli M., Scorletti E., Perugini O., Pasini S. M., Pacetti V., Ferrari L., de Paduanis G. A., Del Duca S., Dell'ara F., Brocchieri A., Minoja G., Storti E., Pitagora L., Costa I., Delfanti F., Orlandi M., Ruggeri R., Ruggieri L., Livigni S., Silengo D., Ageno W., Pedrini L., Artiol S., Morbidoni L., De Donno G., Ravagnani V., Inglese F., Scotton P. G., Costantini P., Delucchi M., Clini E., Ansuini A., Marco B., Giuseppe L., Vincenzo B., Rastelli G., Doria A., Vianello A., Cattelan A. M., Bindoli S., Felicietti M., Canetta C., Scartabellati A., Accordino S., Ferrara M., Cocco L., Cirillo F., Pace E., De Caro M., Alberico M., Benigni G., Damiano T., Fusco P., Iuorio A., Torretta G., Racagni M., Muttini S., Sala G., Ghiringhelli P., Chiumiento F., Baccari L., Luca B., Bocchi F., Benatti F., Catellani J., Coppola M., Papi A., Bosco E., Lazzeri C., Cesira N., Puttini C., Carli T., Croci L., Corridi M., Arlotti M., Guerrini G., Cola L., Romanelli M., Bonifazi M., Gasparini S., Mei F., Cerutti E., Lacedonia D., Santoro A., Guidelli G. M., Greco S., Castellan A., Infantino G., Camici L., Frigieri F. C., Pavoni V., Migliori L., Rossetti B., Montagnini F., Mauro I., Genovese E., Capuozzo A., Vitiello L., Sirignano E., Gnesin P., Servillo G., Marinelli A., Pasero D., Casadio L., Babudieri S., Madeddu G., De Vito A., Ranghitta M., Passalacqua R., Antonio F., Gentile I., Buonomo A. R., Scotto R., Zappulo E., Dell'aquila G., Bianchetti A., Guerini F., Vallone A., Oppedisano P., Pusterla L., Giglio O., Sartori E., Zanardini C., Gatti P., Vincenzo V., Piconi S., Molteni C., Dognini G., Cosimo F., Guarneri L., Pulvirenti F., Mondino V., Traballi G., Iemoli E., Grisolia A., Giorgi R., Nucera G., Raffaelli V., Marino P., Negro E., Serati L., Silvia T., Iacobello C., Strano G., Boglione L., Catania A., Gipponi P., Di Cato L., Panaccione A., Vitale G., Crippa I. A., Giacomini M., Basile A., Andrea B., Tundo P., Buzzigoli S., Palmiero G., Magnaca A., Silva M., Ricci M., Crespi S., Pasquino B., Consales G., Bragantini D., Mastroianni F., Righetti G., Scarafino A., Bitetto M., Franzetti F., Piga S., Delmonte V., Carbonara S., Losappio R., Dejaco C., Mastroianni C., Del Bono V., Gilioli F., Barzan D., De Struppi S., Carlotto A., Guadagnin M. L., Girardis M., Bertellini E., Dentali F., Foresta G., Baratta A., Viviani R., Agrati A. M., Perego G. B., Montineri A., Manuele R., Bonfante S., Aquilini D., Prozzo A., Santopuoli D., Di Rosa Z., Alborghetti A., Peci P., Bakhtadze N., Pandini C. S., Ashofarir N., Casella G., Spagnolli W., Urru S., Marchesoni I., Caminiti G., Argilloni E., Danieli E., Ghirardi G., Antonioli C. M., Lipari A., Zavarise P., Kokaly F., Polati E., Gottin L., Lucernoni P., De Conti F., Marcon E., Pontali E., Vacca E. B., Saffioti C., Zunino A., Pognuz E. R., Berlot G., Saltori M., Tedesco A., Agostini C., Di Rosolini M. A., Marino F., Bellinzona G., Grassi W., Di Carlo M., Scimonello G., Nonini S., Mondino M., Mantovani L. F., Tenti E., Tropea C. M. G., Di Stefano D. E., Guelfi P., Dagna L., Morgana G., Montemurro L., Girelli D., Crisafulli E., Maroccia A., Cemuschi A. M., Bernasconi M., Zummo U., Barbato V., Bevilacqua S., Buonfanti G., Canzanella G., De Matteis G., Florio M., Martino M., Ribecco M. T., Romano F., Savio A., Sparavigna L., Curvietto M., Citarella M., Nava V., Maggioni P., Magni M., Iommelli C., Bianco A., Corsini R., Valli L., Ruggieri M. P., Mancini A., Melica T., Ferrari A., Cicognini D., Delliponti M., Zuccarini A., Ciani S., Raffaeli D., Donati L., Cannizzo S., Lui S., Santini L., Roncaglia E., Mighali P., Eisendle F., Cerino G., Citterio C., Di Nunzio C., Lamonica S., Resimini S., Sarteschi G., Pavei C., Battistini N., Gazzola E., Miceli M., Pontiggia S., Lonati V., Giannandrea G., Sortino C., Ravani S., Uggeri C., Jocolle G., Bare C., Baroni I., De Candia D., Fiorini B., Chierico K., Romeo F., Bottega R., Boccasile L., Corsaro A., Spadoni C., Ria E., Chiari S., Ercolino G., Dell'uomo V., Viri S., Minato M., Gazzola L., Dorina B., Gianelli D., Maspero S., Farinazzo M., Zanini P., Sangiovanni A., Del Giudice A., Dragonetti M. M., Bordignon S., Machiavelli A. M., Chiodelli G., Spatarella M., Zenoni D., Beretta F. N., Santilli G., Badagliacca R., Angileri M., Giannelli L., Campomori A., Maimone P., Fadda A., Faoro S., Pisterna A., Cacopardo B., Marino A., Pampaloni A., Celesia B. M., Cinnella G., Labella D., Caporusso R. R., Danzi M., Fiscon M., Malena M., Fendt D., Nardi S., Stobbione P., Savi M. L., De Monte A., Scala A., Liberato N. L., Luchi S., Vincenti A., Cabrini L., Pinelli G., Brugioni L., Potenza D., Numis F. G., Porta G., D'amico M., Iengo B., Angarano G., Saracino A., Blasi L., De Negri P., Angelici S., Farina A., Martino G. P., Bitti G., Tedeschi A., De Ponti S., Agostinone A., Parruti G., Consorte A., Frattari A., Filippelli A., Pagliano P., Masullo A., Sellitto C., Reta M., Rossi N., Raumer L., Andreassi S., Brancaleoni P., Carai A., Salerno A. M., Marinangeli F., Mariani R., Ciccone A., Meschini C., Santoboni G., Angrisani C., Micarelli D., Tarquini G., Fregoni V., Volta C. A., Cherubini A., Del Prete M. S., Ciarrochi E., Tasca F., Ballarin A., Bianchin A., Flocco R., Cuzzone V., Carpinteri M., Gallotti P., Torre F., Zannetti P., Crapis M., Venturini S., Barattini M., Gori G., Mastroianni A., De Stefano G., Gilio M., Rapisarda G., Gulisano L., Granata M. L., Saglimbene S., Montalto M. T., Grasso I., De Luca S., Magro G., Messina F., Scapino B., Abrate P., Francisco C., Pesce L., Navarra M., Agosti M., Pagani S., Piluso M., Ricioppo A., Tognella S., Rovere P., Vincenzi M., Ghirardi L., Generali D., Ingrosso M., Desiderio E., Molaro R., Vitiello S., Lancione L., Paone T. C., Meli A., Mainardi S., Rastellino V., Ursillo A., Grigoli P. D., Bovetto E., Stefanetto I. M., Mazzola F., Daniele A., Bisio C., Delnero P., Morando G., Nava A., Francesco L., Fiammengo F., Regis M., Roccatello D., Sabato E., Liccardi M. M., Bretto C., Lutri L., Castenetto E., Roberti G., Guidi M. F., Bini F., Zappa M. C., Trequattrini T., Rivitti R., Vigliarolo R., Succu A., Lilli M., Serao M., Giogre G., Ruggieri A., Flores K., Vairo G., Satira R., Lingua A., Spina R., Nicastri E., Maffongelli G., Barreca F., Scollet S., Franchi F., Fabbri C., Minuz P., Dalbeni A., Zanatta P., Gelormini D., Mandelli A., Galderisi F., Zoia E., Marchi M. R., Neves N. D. A., Carbone G., Di Caterino E., Petrone A., Usai C. A., Bandiera F., Monti R., Hofer A., Castiglione G., Angeletti C., Tarsia P., Veronese L., Artoni P. D., Larussa D., Fumagalli R., Brioschi P., Cerutti A., Pasquino P., Gilberto F., Cantadori L., Tomasoni L. R., Coppola N., Spolveri S., Pollastri C., Fico L., Principi T., Pierantozzi S., Fontana C. C., Lubrano G., Martinelli L., Navalesi P., Serra E., Cogi E., Manzi A., Furino E., Dasseni N., Gentilini C., Benatti E., Pignatti A., Aiello G., Milia M., Covesnon M. G., Brianti A., Francesco C., Ilaria B., Pagnozzi F., Mietta S., Rossi A., Maroni L., Borroni V., Bellintani C., Sgarabotto C., Bizzotto G., Bucci L., Spagnuolo G., Agostini M., Caria F. C., Testa F., De Palma R., Murdaca G., Zanolini G., Sala N., Righini E., Pontremoli R., Aondio G., Riccardi F., De Cristoforo M. G., De Michele F., Storti A., Perra R., Deidda S., Enrica C., Valastro F., Pierfranceschi M. G., De Gennaro F., Nardecchia A. L., Castellini M., Buetto G., Ippoliti G., Sicheri D., Bottoli M. G., De Arroyabe B. M. L., Versaci A., Pallotti G., Civita M., Grio M., Liuzzi N., Molino P., Pastorelli M., Ricchiardi A., Varbella F., Zeme A. D., Sighieri C., Portale G., Olivetti A., Pagnoni C., Moschini G., Boni S., Guerra A., Scudellari R., Vella S., Inchiostro S., Piazza O., Guarino S., Aldegheri G., Napoli G., Morettini A., Caldini E., Menicacci L., Pieralli F., Torrini M., Poggesi L., Visetti E. M., Mangano C., Visconti S., Maietta P., Banfi E., Cartella S., Venturi B., Nuceri A., Chiesa E., Pacentra E., Panzolato G., Giannotti M., Bianchi C., Pietrangelo A., Para O., Rutili M. S., Russo R., Lanfranco M., Scalabrino E., Tafuri A., Chiarello T., Perfetti E., Cancanelli L., Otero M., Pannella G., Bellucci F., Ferrero G., Vico C., Stillante M. S., D'andrea G., Amoroso F., Arcidiacono A., Bella A. M., Belsito A., Berte Y., Carubia G., Caruso M. G., Casella O., Chiereleson F., Costa C., De Franco D., Germana G., Messina A., Musumeci D., Noto C., Valenti M., Sorrentino C., Panico R., Schettino G., Piccoli J., Pepe A., De Rosa F., Ottaviano M., Marrazzo G., Raponi G., Diberardino S., Bausi S., Marini S. F., Giubellino E., Innocenti G., Gugliemi G., Maccari D., Baciu I., Perrone, F, Piccirillo, M, Ascierto, P, Salvarani, C, Parrella, R, Marata, A, Popoli, P, Ferraris, L, Marrocco-trischitta, M, Ripamonti, D, Binda, F, Bonfanti, P, Squillace, N, Castelli, F, Muiesan, M, Lichtner, M, Calzetti, C, Salerno, N, Atripaldi, L, Cascella, M, Costantini, M, Dolci, G, Facciolongo, N, Fraganza, F, Massari, M, Montesarchio, V, Mussini, C, Negri, E, Botti, G, Cardone, C, Gargiulo, P, Gravina, A, Schettino, C, Arenare, L, Chiodini, P, Gallo, C, Vitale, M, Trojaniello, C, Palla, M, Bianchi, A, De Feo, G, Miscio, L, Froldi, M, Menicanti, L, Cuppone, M, Gobbo, G, Baldessari, C, Valenti, V, Castelvecchio, S, Poli, F, Giacomazzi, F, Piccinni, R, Annnunziata, M, Biondi, A, Bussolari, C, Mazzoleni, M, Giachi, A, Filtz, A, Manini, A, Poletti, E, Masserini, F, Conforti, F, Gaudiano, G, Favero, V, Moroni, A, Viva, T, Fancoli, F, Ferrari, D, Niro, D, Resta, M, Ballotta, A, Poli, M, Ranucci, M, Tebaldi, A, 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D., Negro C., Converso M., Bosco F., Amadasi S., Prandini P., Cocchi S., Manfrin V., Del Punta V., Mazzola G., Sportato G., Romagnoli M., Cristini F., Facondini F., Perin T., Boschi A., Meschiari M., Guaraldi G., Modica S., Moneta S., Boccalatte D., Marchetti V., Ebbreo G., Dale M., Tura P., Rizzoni D., Boari G. E. M., Bonetti S., Marini E., Daniele I., Grossi P. A., Delfrate N. W., Bernhart O., Spizzo G., Mahlknecht K., Volkl T., Di Pietro M. A., Trezzi M., Monacci C., Peris A., Bonizzoli M., Cavanna L., Moroni C., Stroppa E. M., Savio M. C., Gatti F., Bartolaminelli C., Petrosillo N., Donno D. R., Taglietti F., Topino S., Chinello P., Galati V., D'offizi G., Taibi C., Cimolato B., Moroni F., Palagano N., Pelagatti L., Cristiana S., Landini G., Amitrano M., Raimondo M., Mangiacapra S., Romano A., Atteno M., Blanc P., Suardi L. R., Pallotto C., Casinelli K., Uccella I., Harari S., Caminati A., Lipani F., Di Perri G., Calcagno A., Calleri G., Montrucchio C., Caputo A. M., Cozzio S., Donne L. D., Bassetti M., Malgorzata M., Nicolini L. A., Russo C., Sepulcri C., Beltramini S., Mina F., Puoti M., Gandino A., Langer T., D'amico F., Rocchetti C., Cettolo F., Gabriele F., Bocchi P., Cioni G., Cappi C., Corcione S., De Rosa F. G., Scabini S., Canta F., Pinna S. M., Pensa A., Rocco M., Cirasa M. T., Spinicci M., Mencarini J., Zammarchi L., Giovanni C., Sciole K., Bassi F., Bianchi M., Frigerio S., Spaziani S., Nucera A., Rizzardini G., Cossu M. V., Antivalle M., Carpinteri G., Macheda S., Labate D., Bottiroli M., Erne E. M., Cristina Z., Di Biase V., Malberti F., Montani G., Poisa P., Bettini D., Cauda R., Ciccullo A., Riccardi N., Angheben A., Turrini M., Clerici R., Gardellini A., Liparulo L., Rossini T., Ucciferri C., Cipollone F., Vecchiet J., Nico A., Marra L., Leone A., Sdanganelli A., Palmiotti G. A., D'alagni G., Santantonio T. A., Caputo S. L., Bottalico I., Ponticiello A., Di Perna F., Bernardi E., Beltrame A., Bravi S., David M., Bernardi P., Galante D., Uccelli M. C., Prestini K., Drera M., Zini E., Peregrinelli A., Blanzuoli L., Benedetti V., Calvi R., Scaglione N., Nallino G., Bonazzi M., Crespi T., Masolin T., Regazzetti A., Cerri M. C., Maffezzini E., Piazza M., Papetti C., Filippi C. D., Roveda E., Cipolla G., Scozzafava M., Crepaldi M., Henchi S., Vanoni N., Repossi A., Vezzoli M., Scorletti E., Perugini O., Pasini S. M., Pacetti V., Ferrari L., de Paduanis G. A., Del Duca S., Dell'ara F., Brocchieri A., Minoja G., Storti E., Pitagora L., Costa I., Delfanti F., Orlandi M., Ruggeri R., Ruggieri L., Livigni S., Silengo D., Ageno W., Pedrini L., Artiol S., Morbidoni L., De Donno G., Ravagnani V., Inglese F., Scotton P. G., Costantini P., Delucchi M., Clini E., Ansuini A., Marco B., Giuseppe L., Vincenzo B., Rastelli G., Doria A., Vianello A., Cattelan A. M., Bindoli S., Felicietti M., Canetta C., Scartabellati A., Accordino S., Ferrara M., Cocco L., Cirillo F., Pace E., De Caro M., Alberico M., Benigni G., Damiano T., Fusco P., Iuorio A., Torretta G., Racagni M., Muttini S., Sala G., Ghiringhelli P., Chiumiento F., Baccari L., Luca B., Bocchi F., Benatti F., Catellani J., Coppola M., Papi A., Bosco E., Lazzeri C., Cesira N., Puttini C., Carli T., Croci L., Corridi M., Arlotti M., Guerrini G., Cola L., Romanelli M., Bonifazi M., Gasparini S., Mei F., Cerutti E., Lacedonia D., Santoro A., Guidelli G. M., Greco S., Castellan A., Infantino G., Camici L., Frigieri F. C., Pavoni V., Migliori L., Rossetti B., Montagnini F., Mauro I., Genovese E., Capuozzo A., Vitiello L., Sirignano E., Gnesin P., Servillo G., Marinelli A., Pasero D., Casadio L., Babudieri S., Madeddu G., De Vito A., Ranghitta M., Passalacqua R., Antonio F., Gentile I., Buonomo A. R., Scotto R., Zappulo E., Dell'aquila G., Bianchetti A., Guerini F., Vallone A., Oppedisano P., Pusterla L., Giglio O., Sartori E., Zanardini C., Gatti P., Vincenzo V., Piconi S., Molteni C., Dognini G., Cosimo F., Guarneri L., Pulvirenti F., Mondino V., Traballi G., Iemoli E., Grisolia A., Giorgi R., Nucera G., Raffaelli V., Marino P., Negro E., Serati L., Silvia T., Iacobello C., Strano G., Boglione L., Catania A., Gipponi P., Di Cato L., Panaccione A., Vitale G., Crippa I. A., Giacomini M., Basile A., Andrea B., Tundo P., Buzzigoli S., Palmiero G., Magnaca A., Silva M., Ricci M., Crespi S., Pasquino B., Consales G., Bragantini D., Mastroianni F., Righetti G., Scarafino A., Bitetto M., Franzetti F., Piga S., Delmonte V., Carbonara S., Losappio R., Dejaco C., Mastroianni C., Del Bono V., Gilioli F., Barzan D., De Struppi S., Carlotto A., Guadagnin M. L., Girardis M., Bertellini E., Dentali F., Foresta G., Baratta A., Viviani R., Agrati A. M., Perego G. B., Montineri A., Manuele R., Bonfante S., Aquilini D., Prozzo A., Santopuoli D., Di Rosa Z., Alborghetti A., Peci P., Bakhtadze N., Pandini C. S., Ashofarir N., Casella G., Spagnolli W., Urru S., Marchesoni I., Caminiti G., Argilloni E., Danieli E., Ghirardi G., Antonioli C. M., Lipari A., Zavarise P., Kokaly F., Polati E., Gottin L., Lucernoni P., De Conti F., Marcon E., Pontali E., Vacca E. B., Saffioti C., Zunino A., Pognuz E. R., Berlot G., Saltori M., Tedesco A., Agostini C., Di Rosolini M. A., Marino F., Bellinzona G., Grassi W., Di Carlo M., Scimonello G., Nonini S., Mondino M., Mantovani L. F., Tenti E., Tropea C. M. G., Di Stefano D. E., Guelfi P., Dagna L., Morgana G., Montemurro L., Girelli D., Crisafulli E., Maroccia A., Cemuschi A. M., Bernasconi M., Zummo U., Barbato V., Bevilacqua S., Buonfanti G., Canzanella G., De Matteis G., Florio M., Martino M., Ribecco M. T., Romano F., Savio A., Sparavigna L., Curvietto M., Citarella M., Nava V., Maggioni P., Magni M., Iommelli C., Bianco A., Corsini R., Valli L., Ruggieri M. P., Mancini A., Melica T., Ferrari A., Cicognini D., Delliponti M., Zuccarini A., Ciani S., Raffaeli D., Donati L., Cannizzo S., Lui S., Santini L., Roncaglia E., Mighali P., Eisendle F., Cerino G., Citterio C., Di Nunzio C., Lamonica S., Resimini S., Sarteschi G., Pavei C., Battistini N., Gazzola E., Miceli M., Pontiggia S., Lonati V., Giannandrea G., Sortino C., Ravani S., Uggeri C., Jocolle G., Bare C., Baroni I., De Candia D., Fiorini B., Chierico K., Romeo F., Bottega R., Boccasile L., Corsaro A., Spadoni C., Ria E., Chiari S., Ercolino G., Dell'uomo V., Viri S., Minato M., Gazzola L., Dorina B., Gianelli D., Maspero S., Farinazzo M., Zanini P., Sangiovanni A., Del Giudice A., Dragonetti M. M., Bordignon S., Machiavelli A. M., Chiodelli G., Spatarella M., Zenoni D., Beretta F. N., Santilli G., Badagliacca R., Angileri M., Giannelli L., Campomori A., Maimone P., Fadda A., Faoro S., Pisterna A., Cacopardo B., Marino A., Pampaloni A., Celesia B. M., Cinnella G., Labella D., Caporusso R. R., Danzi M., Fiscon M., Malena M., Fendt D., Nardi S., Stobbione P., Savi M. L., De Monte A., Scala A., Liberato N. L., Luchi S., Vincenti A., Cabrini L., Pinelli G., Brugioni L., Potenza D., Numis F. G., Porta G., D'amico M., Iengo B., Angarano G., Saracino A., Blasi L., De Negri P., Angelici S., Farina A., Martino G. P., Bitti G., Tedeschi A., De Ponti S., Agostinone A., Parruti G., Consorte A., Frattari A., Filippelli A., Pagliano P., Masullo A., Sellitto C., Reta M., Rossi N., Raumer L., Andreassi S., Brancaleoni P., Carai A., Salerno A. M., Marinangeli F., Mariani R., Ciccone A., Meschini C., Santoboni G., Angrisani C., Micarelli D., Tarquini G., Fregoni V., Volta C. A., Cherubini A., Del Prete M. S., Ciarrochi E., Tasca F., Ballarin A., Bianchin A., Flocco R., Cuzzone V., Carpinteri M., Gallotti P., Torre F., Zannetti P., Crapis M., Venturini S., Barattini M., Gori G., Mastroianni A., De Stefano G., Gilio M., Rapisarda G., Gulisano L., Granata M. L., Saglimbene S., Montalto M. T., Grasso I., De Luca S., Magro G., Messina F., Scapino B., Abrate P., Francisco C., Pesce L., Navarra M., Agosti M., Pagani S., Piluso M., Ricioppo A., Tognella S., Rovere P., Vincenzi M., Ghirardi L., Generali D., Ingrosso M., Desiderio E., Molaro R., Vitiello S., Lancione L., Paone T. C., Meli A., Mainardi S., Rastellino V., Ursillo A., Grigoli P. D., Bovetto E., Stefanetto I. M., Mazzola F., Daniele A., Bisio C., Delnero P., Morando G., Nava A., Francesco L., Fiammengo F., Regis M., Roccatello D., Sabato E., Liccardi M. M., Bretto C., Lutri L., Castenetto E., Roberti G., Guidi M. F., Bini F., Zappa M. C., Trequattrini T., Rivitti R., Vigliarolo R., Succu A., Lilli M., Serao M., Giogre G., Ruggieri A., Flores K., Vairo G., Satira R., Lingua A., Spina R., Nicastri E., Maffongelli G., Barreca F., Scollet S., Franchi F., Fabbri C., Minuz P., Dalbeni A., Zanatta P., Gelormini D., Mandelli A., Galderisi F., Zoia E., Marchi M. R., Neves N. D. A., Carbone G., Di Caterino E., Petrone A., Usai C. A., Bandiera F., Monti R., Hofer A., Castiglione G., Angeletti C., Tarsia P., Veronese L., Artoni P. D., Larussa D., Fumagalli R., Brioschi P., Cerutti A., Pasquino P., Gilberto F., Cantadori L., Tomasoni L. R., Coppola N., Spolveri S., Pollastri C., Fico L., Principi T., Pierantozzi S., Fontana C. C., Lubrano G., Martinelli L., Navalesi P., Serra E., Cogi E., Manzi A., Furino E., Dasseni N., Gentilini C., Benatti E., Pignatti A., Aiello G., Milia M., Covesnon M. G., Brianti A., Francesco C., Ilaria B., Pagnozzi F., Mietta S., Rossi A., Maroni L., Borroni V., Bellintani C., Sgarabotto C., Bizzotto G., Bucci L., Spagnuolo G., Agostini M., Caria F. C., Testa F., De Palma R., Murdaca G., Zanolini G., Sala N., Righini E., Pontremoli R., Aondio G., Riccardi F., De Cristoforo M. G., De Michele F., Storti A., Perra R., Deidda S., Enrica C., Valastro F., Pierfranceschi M. G., De Gennaro F., Nardecchia A. L., Castellini M., Buetto G., Ippoliti G., Sicheri D., Bottoli M. G., De Arroyabe B. M. L., Versaci A., Pallotti G., Civita M., Grio M., Liuzzi N., Molino P., Pastorelli M., Ricchiardi A., Varbella F., Zeme A. D., Sighieri C., Portale G., Olivetti A., Pagnoni C., Moschini G., Boni S., Guerra A., Scudellari R., Vella S., Inchiostro S., Piazza O., Guarino S., Aldegheri G., Napoli G., Morettini A., Caldini E., Menicacci L., Pieralli F., Torrini M., Poggesi L., Visetti E. M., Mangano C., Visconti S., Maietta P., Banfi E., Cartella S., Venturi B., Nuceri A., Chiesa E., Pacentra E., Panzolato G., Giannotti M., Bianchi C., Pietrangelo A., Para O., Rutili M. S., Russo R., Lanfranco M., Scalabrino E., Tafuri A., Chiarello T., Perfetti E., Cancanelli L., Otero M., Pannella G., Bellucci F., Ferrero G., Vico C., Stillante M. S., D'andrea G., Amoroso F., Arcidiacono A., Bella A. M., Belsito A., Berte Y., Carubia G., Caruso M. G., Casella O., Chiereleson F., Costa C., De Franco D., Germana G., Messina A., Musumeci D., Noto C., Valenti M., Sorrentino C., Panico R., Schettino G., Piccoli J., Pepe A., De Rosa F., Ottaviano M., Marrazzo G., Raponi G., Diberardino S., Bausi S., Marini S. F., Giubellino E., Innocenti G., Gugliemi G., Maccari D., and Baciu I.
Abstract: Background: Tocilizumab blocks pro-inflammatory activity of interleukin-6 (IL-6), involved in pathogenesis of pneumonia the most frequent cause of death in COVID-19 patients. Methods: A multicenter, single-arm, hypothesis-driven trial was planned, according to a phase 2 design, to study the effect of tocilizumab on lethality rates at 14 and 30 days (co-primary endpoints, a priori expected rates being 20 and 35%, respectively). A further prospective cohort of patients, consecutively enrolled after the first cohort was accomplished, was used as a secondary validation dataset. The two cohorts were evaluated jointly in an exploratory multivariable logistic regression model to assess prognostic variables on survival. Results: In the primary intention-to-treat (ITT) phase 2 population, 180/301 (59.8%) subjects received tocilizumab, and 67 deaths were observed overall. Lethality rates were equal to 18.4% (97.5% CI: 13.6-24.0, P = 0.52) and 22.4% (97.5% CI: 17.2-28.3, P < 0.001) at 14 and 30 days, respectively. Lethality rates were lower in the validation dataset, that included 920 patients. No signal of specific drug toxicity was reported. In the exploratory multivariable logistic regression analysis, older age and lower PaO2/FiO2 ratio negatively affected survival, while the concurrent use of steroids was associated with greater survival. A statistically significant interaction was found between tocilizumab and respiratory support, suggesting that tocilizumab might be more effective in patients not requiring mechanical respiratory support at baseline. Conclusions: Tocilizumab reduced lethality rate at 30 days compared with null hypothesis, without significant toxicity. Possibly, this effect could be limited to patients not requiring mechanical respiratory support at baseline. Registration EudraCT (2020-001110-38); clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04317092).
Published: 2020

20. Training, competence, and quality improvement in echocardiography: the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging Recommendations: update 2020

Author: Popescu Chair, B, Stefanidis, A, Fox, K, Cosyns, B, Delgado, V, Di Salvo, G, Donal, E, Flachskampf, F, Galderisi, M, Lancellotti, P, Muraru, D, Sade, L, Edvardsen, T, Popescu Chair, Bogdan A, Stefanidis, Alexandros, Fox, Kevin F, Cosyns, Bernard, Delgado, Victoria, Di Salvo, Giovanni Di, Donal, Erwan, Flachskampf, Frank A, Galderisi, Maurizio, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Muraru, Denisa, Sade, Leyla Elif, Edvardsen, Thor, Popescu Chair, B, Stefanidis, A, Fox, K, Cosyns, B, Delgado, V, Di Salvo, G, Donal, E, Flachskampf, F, Galderisi, M, Lancellotti, P, Muraru, D, Sade, L, Edvardsen, T, Popescu Chair, Bogdan A, Stefanidis, Alexandros, Fox, Kevin F, Cosyns, Bernard, Delgado, Victoria, Di Salvo, Giovanni Di, Donal, Erwan, Flachskampf, Frank A, Galderisi, Maurizio, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Muraru, Denisa, Sade, Leyla Elif, and Edvardsen, Thor
Abstract: The primary mission of the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) is 'to promote excellence in clinical diagnosis, research, technical development, and education in cardiovascular imaging'. Echocardiography is a key component in the evaluation of patients with known or suspected cardiovascular disease and is essential for the high quality and effective practice of clinical cardiology. The EACVI aims to update the previously published recommendations for training, competence, and quality improvement in echocardiography since these activities are increasingly recognized by patients, physicians, and payers. The purpose of this document is to provide the general requirements for training and competence in echocardiography, to outline the principles of quality evaluation, and to recommend a set of measures for improvement, with the ultimate goal of raising the standards of echocardiographic practice. Moreover, the document aims to provide specific guidance for advanced echo techniques, which have dramatically evolved since the previous publication in 2009.
Published: 2020

21. COVID-19 pandemic and cardiac imaging: EACVI recommendations on precautions, indications, prioritization, and protection for patients and healthcare personnel

Author: Skulstad, H, Cosyns, B, Popescu, B, Galderisi, M, Salvo, G, Donal, E, Petersen, S, Gimelli, A, Haugaa, K, Muraru, D, Almeida, A, Schulz-Menger, J, Dweck, M, Pontone, G, Sade, L, Gerber, B, Maurovich-Horvat, P, Bharucha, T, Cameli, M, Magne, J, Westwood, M, Maurer, G, Edvardsen, T, Skulstad H., Cosyns B., Popescu B. A., Galderisi M., Salvo G. D., Donal E., Petersen S., Gimelli A., Haugaa K. H., Muraru D., Almeida A. G., Schulz-Menger J., Dweck M. R., Pontone G., Sade L. E., Gerber B., Maurovich-Horvat P., Bharucha T., Cameli M., Magne J., Westwood M., Maurer G., Edvardsen T., Skulstad, H, Cosyns, B, Popescu, B, Galderisi, M, Salvo, G, Donal, E, Petersen, S, Gimelli, A, Haugaa, K, Muraru, D, Almeida, A, Schulz-Menger, J, Dweck, M, Pontone, G, Sade, L, Gerber, B, Maurovich-Horvat, P, Bharucha, T, Cameli, M, Magne, J, Westwood, M, Maurer, G, Edvardsen, T, Skulstad H., Cosyns B., Popescu B. A., Galderisi M., Salvo G. D., Donal E., Petersen S., Gimelli A., Haugaa K. H., Muraru D., Almeida A. G., Schulz-Menger J., Dweck M. R., Pontone G., Sade L. E., Gerber B., Maurovich-Horvat P., Bharucha T., Cameli M., Magne J., Westwood M., Maurer G., and Edvardsen T.
Published: 2020

22. Multicentric Atrial Strain COmparison between Two Different Modalities: MASCOT HIT Study

Author: Cameli, M, Miglioranza, M, Magne, J, Mandoli, G, Benfari, G, Ancona, R, Sibilio, G, Reskovic Luksic, V, Dejan, D, Griseli, L, Van De Heyning, C, Mortelmans, P, Michalski, B, Kupczynska, K, Di Giannuario, G, Devito, F, Dulgheru, R, Ilardi, F, Salustri, A, Abushahba, G, Morrone, D, Fabiani, I, Penicka, M, Katbeh, A, Sammarco, G, Esposito, R, Santoro, C, Pastore, M, Comenale Pinto, S, Kalinin, A, Pičkure, Ž, Ažman Juvan, K, Zupan Mežnar, A, Coisne, A, Coppin, A, Opris, M, Nistor, D, Paakkanen, R, Biering-Sørensen, T, Olsen, F, Lapinskas, T, Vaškelyté, J, Galian-Gay, L, Casas, G, Motoc, A, Papadopoulos, C, Loizos, S, Ágoston, G, Szabó, I, Hristova, K, Tsonev, S, Galli, E, Vinereanu, D, Mihaila Baldea, S, Muraru, D, Mondillo, S, Donal, E, Galderisi, M, Cosyns, B, Edvardsen, T, Popescu, B, Cameli, Matteo, Miglioranza, Marcelo Haertel, Magne, Julien, Mandoli, Giulia Elena, Benfari, Giovanni, Ancona, Roberta, Sibilio, Gerolamo, Reskovic Luksic, Vlatka, Dejan, Dosen, Griseli, Leonardo, Van De Heyning, Caroline M, Mortelmans, Philippe, Michalski, Blazej, Kupczynska, Karolina, Di Giannuario, Giovanna, Devito, Fiorella, Dulgheru, Raluca, Ilardi, Federica, Salustri, Alessandro, Abushahba, Galal, Morrone, Doralisa, Fabiani, Iacopo, Penicka, Martin, Katbeh, Asim, Sammarco, Giuseppe, Esposito, Roberta, Santoro, Ciro, Pastore, Maria Concetta, Comenale Pinto, Salvatore, Kalinin, Artem, Pičkure, Žanna, Ažman Juvan, Katja, Zupan Mežnar, Anja, Coisne, Augustine, Coppin, Amandine, Opris, Mihaela Maria, Nistor, Dan Octavian, Paakkanen, Riitta, Biering-Sørensen, Tor, Olsen, Flemming Javier, Lapinskas, Tomas, Vaškelyté, Jolanta Justina, Galian-Gay, Laura, Casas, Guillem, Motoc, Andreea Iulia, Papadopoulos, Constantinos Hristou, Loizos, Savvas, Ágoston, Gergely, Szabó, Istvan, Hristova, Krasimira, Tsonev, Svetlin Netkov, Galli, Elena, Vinereanu, Dragos, Mihaila Baldea, Sorina, Muraru, Denisa, Mondillo, Sergio, Donal, Erwan, Galderisi, Maurizio, Cosyns, Bernard, Edvardsen, Thor, Popescu, Bogdan A, Cameli, M, Miglioranza, M, Magne, J, Mandoli, G, Benfari, G, Ancona, R, Sibilio, G, Reskovic Luksic, V, Dejan, D, Griseli, L, Van De Heyning, C, Mortelmans, P, Michalski, B, Kupczynska, K, Di Giannuario, G, Devito, F, Dulgheru, R, Ilardi, F, Salustri, A, Abushahba, G, Morrone, D, Fabiani, I, Penicka, M, Katbeh, A, Sammarco, G, Esposito, R, Santoro, C, Pastore, M, Comenale Pinto, S, Kalinin, A, Pičkure, Ž, Ažman Juvan, K, Zupan Mežnar, A, Coisne, A, Coppin, A, Opris, M, Nistor, D, Paakkanen, R, Biering-Sørensen, T, Olsen, F, Lapinskas, T, Vaškelyté, J, Galian-Gay, L, Casas, G, Motoc, A, Papadopoulos, C, Loizos, S, Ágoston, G, Szabó, I, Hristova, K, Tsonev, S, Galli, E, Vinereanu, D, Mihaila Baldea, S, Muraru, D, Mondillo, S, Donal, E, Galderisi, M, Cosyns, B, Edvardsen, T, Popescu, B, Cameli, Matteo, Miglioranza, Marcelo Haertel, Magne, Julien, Mandoli, Giulia Elena, Benfari, Giovanni, Ancona, Roberta, Sibilio, Gerolamo, Reskovic Luksic, Vlatka, Dejan, Dosen, Griseli, Leonardo, Van De Heyning, Caroline M, Mortelmans, Philippe, Michalski, Blazej, Kupczynska, Karolina, Di Giannuario, Giovanna, Devito, Fiorella, Dulgheru, Raluca, Ilardi, Federica, Salustri, Alessandro, Abushahba, Galal, Morrone, Doralisa, Fabiani, Iacopo, Penicka, Martin, Katbeh, Asim, Sammarco, Giuseppe, Esposito, Roberta, Santoro, Ciro, Pastore, Maria Concetta, Comenale Pinto, Salvatore, Kalinin, Artem, Pičkure, Žanna, Ažman Juvan, Katja, Zupan Mežnar, Anja, Coisne, Augustine, Coppin, Amandine, Opris, Mihaela Maria, Nistor, Dan Octavian, Paakkanen, Riitta, Biering-Sørensen, Tor, Olsen, Flemming Javier, Lapinskas, Tomas, Vaškelyté, Jolanta Justina, Galian-Gay, Laura, Casas, Guillem, Motoc, Andreea Iulia, Papadopoulos, Constantinos Hristou, Loizos, Savvas, Ágoston, Gergely, Szabó, Istvan, Hristova, Krasimira, Tsonev, Svetlin Netkov, Galli, Elena, Vinereanu, Dragos, Mihaila Baldea, Sorina, Muraru, Denisa, Mondillo, Sergio, Donal, Erwan, Galderisi, Maurizio, Cosyns, Bernard, Edvardsen, Thor, and Popescu, Bogdan A
Abstract: Two methods are currently available for left atrial (LA) strain measurement by speckle tracking echocardiography, with two different reference timings for starting the analysis: QRS (QRS-LASr) and P wave (P-LASr). The aim of MASCOT HIT study was to define which of the two was more reproducible, more feasible, and less time consuming. In 26 expert centers, LA strain was analyzed by two different echocardiographers (young vs senior) in a blinded fashion. The study population included: healthy subjects, patients with arterial hypertension or aortic stenosis (LA pressure overload, group 2) and patients with mitral regurgitation or heart failure (LA volume-pressure overload, group 3). Difference between the inter-correlation coefficient (ICC) by the two echocardiographers using the two techniques, feasibility and analysis time of both methods were analyzed. A total of 938 subjects were included: 309 controls, 333 patients in group 2, and 296 patients in group 3. The ICC was comparable between QRS-LASr (0.93) and P-LASr (0.90). The young echocardiographers calculated QRS-LASr in 90% of cases, the expert ones in 95%. The feasibility of P-LASr was 85% by young echocardiographers and 88% by senior ones. QRS-LASr young median time was 110 s (interquartile range, IR, 78-149) vs senior 110 s (IR 78-155); for P-LASr, 120 s (IR 80-165) and 120 s (IR 90-161), respectively. LA strain was feasible in the majority of patients with similar reproducibility for both methods. QRS complex guaranteed a slightly higher feasibility and a lower time wasting compared to the use of P wave as the reference.
Published: 2020

23. Echocardiographic reference ranges for normal left ventricular layer-specific strain: results from the EACVI NORRE study

Author: Tsugu, T, Postolache, A, Dulgheru, R, Sugimoto, T, Tridetti, J, Nguyen Trung, M, Piette, C, Moonen, M, Manganaro, R, Ilardi, F, Chitroceanu, A, Sperlongano, S, Go, Y, Kacharava, G, Athanassopoulos, G, Barone, D, Baroni, M, Cardim, N, Hagendorff, A, Hristova, K, Lopez, T, de la Morena, G, Popescu, B, Penicka, M, Ozyigit, T, Rodrigo Carbonero, J, van de Veire, N, Von Bardeleben, R, Vinereanu, D, Zamorano, J, Rosca, M, Calin, A, Magne, J, Cosyns, B, Galli, E, Donal, E, Santoro, C, Galderisi, M, Badano, L, Lang, R, Lancellotti, P, Tsugu, Toshimitsu, Postolache, Adriana, Dulgheru, Raluca, Sugimoto, Tadafumi, Tridetti, Julien, Nguyen Trung, Mai-Linh, Piette, Caroline, Moonen, Marie, Manganaro, Roberta, Ilardi, Federica, Chitroceanu, Alexandra Maria, Sperlongano, Simona, Go, Yun Yun, Kacharava, George, Athanassopoulos, George D, Barone, Daniele, Baroni, Monica, Cardim, Nuno, Hagendorff, Andreas, Hristova, Krasimira, Lopez, Teresa, de la Morena, Gonzalo, Popescu, Bogdan A, Penicka, Martin, Ozyigit, Tolga, Rodrigo Carbonero, Jose David, van de Veire, Nico, Von Bardeleben, Ralph Stephan, Vinereanu, Dragos, Zamorano, Jose Luis, Rosca, Monica, Calin, Andreea, Magne, Julien, Cosyns, Bernard, Galli, Elena, Donal, Erwan, Santoro, Ciro, Galderisi, Maurizio, Badano, Luigi, Lang, Roberto M, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Tsugu, T, Postolache, A, Dulgheru, R, Sugimoto, T, Tridetti, J, Nguyen Trung, M, Piette, C, Moonen, M, Manganaro, R, Ilardi, F, Chitroceanu, A, Sperlongano, S, Go, Y, Kacharava, G, Athanassopoulos, G, Barone, D, Baroni, M, Cardim, N, Hagendorff, A, Hristova, K, Lopez, T, de la Morena, G, Popescu, B, Penicka, M, Ozyigit, T, Rodrigo Carbonero, J, van de Veire, N, Von Bardeleben, R, Vinereanu, D, Zamorano, J, Rosca, M, Calin, A, Magne, J, Cosyns, B, Galli, E, Donal, E, Santoro, C, Galderisi, M, Badano, L, Lang, R, Lancellotti, P, Tsugu, Toshimitsu, Postolache, Adriana, Dulgheru, Raluca, Sugimoto, Tadafumi, Tridetti, Julien, Nguyen Trung, Mai-Linh, Piette, Caroline, Moonen, Marie, Manganaro, Roberta, Ilardi, Federica, Chitroceanu, Alexandra Maria, Sperlongano, Simona, Go, Yun Yun, Kacharava, George, Athanassopoulos, George D, Barone, Daniele, Baroni, Monica, Cardim, Nuno, Hagendorff, Andreas, Hristova, Krasimira, Lopez, Teresa, de la Morena, Gonzalo, Popescu, Bogdan A, Penicka, Martin, Ozyigit, Tolga, Rodrigo Carbonero, Jose David, van de Veire, Nico, Von Bardeleben, Ralph Stephan, Vinereanu, Dragos, Zamorano, Jose Luis, Rosca, Monica, Calin, Andreea, Magne, Julien, Cosyns, Bernard, Galli, Elena, Donal, Erwan, Santoro, Ciro, Galderisi, Maurizio, Badano, Luigi, Lang, Roberto M, and Lancellotti, Patrizio
Abstract: Aims : To obtain the normal range for 2D echocardiographic (2DE) measurements of left ventricular (LV) layer-specific strain from a large group of healthy volunteers of both genders over a wide range of ages. Methods and results : A total of 287 (109 men, mean age: 46 ± 14 years) healthy subjects were enrolled at 22 collaborating institutions of the EACVI Normal Reference Ranges for Echocardiography (NORRE) study. Layer-specific strain was analysed from the apical two-, three-, and four-chamber views using 2DE software. The lowest values of layer-specific strain calculated as ±1.96 standard deviations from the mean were -15.0% in men and -15.6% in women for epicardial strain, -16.8% and -17.7% for mid-myocardial strain, and -18.7% and -19.9% for endocardial strain, respectively. Basal-epicardial and mid-myocardial strain decreased with age in women (epicardial; P = 0.008, mid-myocardial; P = 0.003) and correlated with age (epicardial; r = -0.20, P = 0.007, mid-myocardial; r = -0.21, P = 0.006, endocardial; r = -0.23, P = 0.002), whereas apical-epicardial, mid-myocardial strain increased with the age in women (epicardial; P = 0.006, mid-myocardial; P = 0.03) and correlated with age (epicardial; r = 0.16, P = 0.04). End/Epi ratio at the apex was higher than at the middle and basal levels of LV in men (apex; 1.6 ± 0.2, middle; 1.2 ± 0.1, base 1.1 ± 0.1) and women (apex; 1.6 ± 0.1, middle; 1.1 ± 0.1, base 1.2 ± 0.1). Conclusion : The NORRE study provides useful 2DE reference ranges for novel indices of layer-specific strain.
Published: 2020

24. Do reverse dippers have the highest risk of right ventricular remodeling?

Author: Tadic, M, Cuspidi, C, Sljivic, A, Pencic, B, Mancia, G, Bombelli, M, Grassi, G, Galderisi, M, Kocijancic, V, Celic, V, Tadic M, Cuspidi C, Sljivic A, Pencic B, Mancia G, Bombelli M, Grassi G, Galderisi M, Kocijancic V, Celic V, Tadic, M, Cuspidi, C, Sljivic, A, Pencic, B, Mancia, G, Bombelli, M, Grassi, G, Galderisi, M, Kocijancic, V, Celic, V, Tadic M, Cuspidi C, Sljivic A, Pencic B, Mancia G, Bombelli M, Grassi G, Galderisi M, Kocijancic V, and Celic V
Abstract: We aimed to evaluate right ventricular (RV) deformation in recently diagnosed untreated hypertensive patients with different 24-h blood pressure (BP) patterns (dipping, nondipping, extreme dipping and reverse dipping). This cross-sectional study involved 190 untreated hypertensive patients who underwent 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring and a detailed two-dimensional echocardiographic examination, including the assessment of layer-specific strain. We found that 24-h and daytime BP values did not differ between the four groups. Nighttime BP significantly and gradually increased from extreme dippers across dippers and nondippers to reverse dippers. RV structure and systolic and diastolic function did not significantly differ among the four groups. However, RV global and RV free wall longitudinal strains were significantly lower in nondippers and reverse dippers than in dippers and extreme dippers. The endocardial and epicardial RV longitudinal strains of the whole RV and free wall RV were the lowest in reverse dippers and highest in extreme dippers. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that only reverse dipping patterns were associated with reduced RV global longitudinal strain [OR 2.9 (95% CI: 1.5–8.2)], independent of age, sex, 24-h systolic BP, LV mass index, RV wall thickness and E/e’t. Similarly, the reverse dipping pattern was associated with reduced RV free wall longitudinal strain, independently of the mentioned parameters [OR 3.8 (95% CI: 1.8–8.5)]. In conclusion, in the hypertensive population, the reverse dipping BP pattern had an adverse effect on RV deformation. RV remodeling progressively deteriorated from extreme dippers to reverse dippers, but only the reverse dipping BP pattern was independently associated with the reduction in RV longitudinal strain.
Published: 2020

25. Correlation between non-invasive myocardial work indices and main parameters of systolic and diastolic function: results from the EACVI NORRE study

Author: Manganaro, R, Marchetta, S, Dulgheru, R, Sugimoto, T, Tsugu, T, Ilardi, F, Cicenia, M, Ancion, A, Postolache, A, Martinez, C, Kacharava, G, Athanassopoulos, G, Barone, D, Baroni, M, Cardim, N, Hagendorff, A, Hristova, K, Lopez, T, de la Morena, G, Popescu, B, Penicka, M, Ozyigit, T, Rodrigo Carbonero, J, van de Veire, N, Von Bardeleben, R, Vinereanu, D, Zamorano, J, Rosca, M, Calin, A, Moonen, M, Magne, J, Cosyns, B, Galli, E, Donal, E, Carerj, S, Zito, C, Santoro, C, Galderisi, M, Badano, L, Lang, R, Lancellotti, P, Manganaro, Roberta, Marchetta, Stella, Dulgheru, Raluca, Sugimoto, Tadafumi, Tsugu, Toshimitsu, Ilardi, Federica, Cicenia, Marianna, Ancion, Arnaud, Postolache, Adriana, Martinez, Christophe, Kacharava, George, Athanassopoulos, George D, Barone, Daniele, Baroni, Monica, Cardim, Nuno, Hagendorff, Andreas, Hristova, Krasimira, Lopez, Teresa, de la Morena, Gonzalo, Popescu, Bogdan A, Penicka, Martin, Ozyigit, Tolga, Rodrigo Carbonero, Jose David, van de Veire, Nico, Von Bardeleben, Ralph Stephan, Vinereanu, Dragos, Zamorano, Jose Luis, Rosca, Monica, Calin, Andreea, Moonen, Marie, Magne, Julien, Cosyns, Bernard, Galli, Elena, Donal, Erwan, Carerj, Scipione, Zito, Concetta, Santoro, Ciro, Galderisi, Maurizio, Badano, Luigi, Lang, Roberto M, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Manganaro, R, Marchetta, S, Dulgheru, R, Sugimoto, T, Tsugu, T, Ilardi, F, Cicenia, M, Ancion, A, Postolache, A, Martinez, C, Kacharava, G, Athanassopoulos, G, Barone, D, Baroni, M, Cardim, N, Hagendorff, A, Hristova, K, Lopez, T, de la Morena, G, Popescu, B, Penicka, M, Ozyigit, T, Rodrigo Carbonero, J, van de Veire, N, Von Bardeleben, R, Vinereanu, D, Zamorano, J, Rosca, M, Calin, A, Moonen, M, Magne, J, Cosyns, B, Galli, E, Donal, E, Carerj, S, Zito, C, Santoro, C, Galderisi, M, Badano, L, Lang, R, Lancellotti, P, Manganaro, Roberta, Marchetta, Stella, Dulgheru, Raluca, Sugimoto, Tadafumi, Tsugu, Toshimitsu, Ilardi, Federica, Cicenia, Marianna, Ancion, Arnaud, Postolache, Adriana, Martinez, Christophe, Kacharava, George, Athanassopoulos, George D, Barone, Daniele, Baroni, Monica, Cardim, Nuno, Hagendorff, Andreas, Hristova, Krasimira, Lopez, Teresa, de la Morena, Gonzalo, Popescu, Bogdan A, Penicka, Martin, Ozyigit, Tolga, Rodrigo Carbonero, Jose David, van de Veire, Nico, Von Bardeleben, Ralph Stephan, Vinereanu, Dragos, Zamorano, Jose Luis, Rosca, Monica, Calin, Andreea, Moonen, Marie, Magne, Julien, Cosyns, Bernard, Galli, Elena, Donal, Erwan, Carerj, Scipione, Zito, Concetta, Santoro, Ciro, Galderisi, Maurizio, Badano, Luigi, Lang, Roberto M, and Lancellotti, Patrizio
Abstract: AIMS: The present study sought to evaluate the correlation between indices of non-invasive myocardial work (MW) and left ventricle (LV) size, traditional and advanced parameters of LV systolic and diastolic function by 2D echocardiography (2DE). METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 226 (85 men, mean age: 45 ± 13 years) healthy subjects were enrolled at 22 collaborating institutions of the Normal Reference Ranges for Echocardiography (NORRE) study. Global work index (GWI), global constructive work (GCW), global work waste (GWW), and global work efficiency (GWE) were estimated from LV pressure-strain loops using custom software. Peak LV pressure was estimated non-invasively from brachial artery cuff pressure. LV size, parameters of systolic and diastolic function and ventricular-arterial coupling were measured by echocardiography. As advanced indices of myocardial performance, global longitudinal strain (GLS), global circumferential strain (GCS), and global radial strain (GRS) were obtained. On multivariable analysis, GWI was significantly correlated with GLS (standardized beta-coefficient = -0.23, P < 0.001), ejection fraction (EF) (standardized beta-coefficient = 0.15, P = 0.02), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (standardized beta-coefficient = 0.56, P < 0.001) and GRS (standardized beta-coefficient = 0.19, P = 0.004), while GCW was correlated with GLS (standardized beta-coefficient = -0.55, P < 0.001), SBP (standardized beta-coefficient = 0.71, P < 0.001), GRS (standardized beta-coefficient = 0.11, P = 0.02), and GCS (standardized beta-coefficient = -0.10, P = 0.01). GWE was directly correlated with EF and inversely correlated with Tei index (standardized beta-coefficient = 0.18, P = 0.009 and standardized beta-coefficient = -0.20, P = 0.004, respectively), the opposite occurred for GWW (standardized beta-coefficient =--0.14, P = 0.03 and standardized beta-coefficient = 0.17, P = 0.01, respectively). CONCLUSION: The non-invasive MW indices show a good correlati
Published: 2020

26. Multimodality imaging in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction: an expert consensus document of the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging.

Author: UCL - SSS/IREC/CARD - Pôle de recherche cardiovasculaire, UCL - (SLuc) Service de pathologie cardiovasculaire, Smiseth, Otto A, Morris, Daniel A, Cardim, Nuno, Cikes, Maja, Delgado, Victoria, Donal, Erwan, Flachskampf, Frank A, Galderisi, Maurizio, Gerber, Bernhard, Gimelli, Alessia, Klein, Allan L, Knuuti, Juhani, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Mascherbauer, Julia, Milicic, Davor, Seferovic, Petar, Solomon, Scott, Edvardsen, Thor, Popescu, Bogdan A, Reviewers: This document was reviewed by members of the 2018–2020 EACVI Scientific Documents Committee, UCL - SSS/IREC/CARD - Pôle de recherche cardiovasculaire, UCL - (SLuc) Service de pathologie cardiovasculaire, Smiseth, Otto A, Morris, Daniel A, Cardim, Nuno, Cikes, Maja, Delgado, Victoria, Donal, Erwan, Flachskampf, Frank A, Galderisi, Maurizio, Gerber, Bernhard, Gimelli, Alessia, Klein, Allan L, Knuuti, Juhani, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Mascherbauer, Julia, Milicic, Davor, Seferovic, Petar, Solomon, Scott, Edvardsen, Thor, Popescu, Bogdan A, and Reviewers: This document was reviewed by members of the 2018–2020 EACVI Scientific Documents Committee
Abstract: Nearly half of all patients with heart failure (HF) have a normal left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) and the condition is termed heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). It is assumed that in these patients HF is due primarily to LV diastolic dysfunction. The prognosis in HFpEF is almost as severe as in HF with reduced EF (HFrEF). In contrast to HFrEF where drugs and devices are proven to reduce mortality, in HFpEF there has been limited therapy available with documented effects on prognosis. This may reflect that HFpEF encompasses a wide range of different pathological processes, which multimodality imaging is well placed to differentiate. Progress in developing therapies for HFpEF has been hampered by a lack of uniform diagnostic criteria. The present expert consensus document from the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) provides recommendations regarding how to determine elevated LV filling pressure in the setting of suspected HFpEF and how to use multimodality imaging to determine specific aetiologies in patients with HFpEF.
Published: 2022

27. Multimodality imaging in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction : an expert consensus document of the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging.

Author: Smiseth, Otto A, Morris, Daniel A, Cardim, Nuno, Cikes, Maja, Delgado, Victoria, Donal, Erwan, Flachskampf, Frank, Galderisi, Maurizio, Gerber, Bernhard L, Gimelli, Alessia, Klein, Allan L, Knuuti, Juhani, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Mascherbauer, Julia, Milicic, Davor, Seferovic, Petar, Solomon, Scott, Edvardsen, Thor, Popescu, Bogdan A, Smiseth, Otto A, Morris, Daniel A, Cardim, Nuno, Cikes, Maja, Delgado, Victoria, Donal, Erwan, Flachskampf, Frank, Galderisi, Maurizio, Gerber, Bernhard L, Gimelli, Alessia, Klein, Allan L, Knuuti, Juhani, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Mascherbauer, Julia, Milicic, Davor, Seferovic, Petar, Solomon, Scott, Edvardsen, Thor, and Popescu, Bogdan A
Abstract: Nearly half of all patients with heart failure (HF) have a normal left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) and the condition is termed heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). It is assumed that in these patients HF is due primarily to LV diastolic dysfunction. The prognosis in HFpEF is almost as severe as in HF with reduced EF (HFrEF). In contrast to HFrEF where drugs and devices are proven to reduce mortality, in HFpEF there has been limited therapy available with documented effects on prognosis. This may reflect that HFpEF encompasses a wide range of different pathological processes, which multimodality imaging is well placed to differentiate. Progress in developing therapies for HFpEF has been hampered by a lack of uniform diagnostic criteria. The present expert consensus document from the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) provides recommendations regarding how to determine elevated LV filling pressure in the setting of suspected HFpEF and how to use multimodality imaging to determine specific aetiologies in patients with HFpEF.
Published: 2022
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28. Linear Cities as an Alternative for the Sustainable Transition of Urban Areas in Harmony with Natural Environment Principles

Author: Alberti, Francesco, Amer, Mourad, Mahgoub, Yasser, Gallo, Paola, Galderisi, Adriana, Strauss, Eric, Zaręba, A., Krzemińska, A., Truch, E., Modelska, M., Grijalva, F.J., Monrealf, N.R., Alberti, Francesco, Amer, Mourad, Mahgoub, Yasser, Gallo, Paola, Galderisi, Adriana, Strauss, Eric, Zaręba, A., Krzemińska, A., Truch, E., Modelska, M., Grijalva, F.J., and Monrealf, N.R.
Abstract: Intensive urbanization influences the quality of urban green areas, pollution, shrinking of forests, intensification of erosion as well as the fragmentation of habitats and loss of biodiversity. Despite the important role of urban ecosystems, they are exposed to the increasing destruction of the ever-expanding city. The decentralization of the compact city and balanced development, in harmony with natural environment principles, is beginning to shape city-regions. The transport system is one of the main development-stimulating factors which is beneficial to the society and contributes to the economic and cultural activation of urbanized regions. The simplicity of the linear system, based on a transport network, is expressed in its functionality—the separation of collision-free, pedestrian traffic from roads, and easy access to industrial, service, residential and recreation centers. The paper examines studies and contemporary practices of linear urban systems, based on the backbone of road network, in response to the need to find a model solution for an increasing demand for new residential, industrial, and recreational green areas, and attempts to define the role of the linear settlement system in the transition of spatial connections networks.
Published: 2022

29. European Psychiatric Association guidance on assessment of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia

Author: Vita, Antonio, Gaebel, Wolfgang, Mucci, Armida, Sachs, Gabriele, Erfurth, Andreas, Barlati, Stefano, Zanca, Federico, Giordano, Giulia Maria, Birkedal Glenthoj, Louise, Nordentoft, Merete, Galderisi, Silvana, Vita, Antonio, Gaebel, Wolfgang, Mucci, Armida, Sachs, Gabriele, Erfurth, Andreas, Barlati, Stefano, Zanca, Federico, Giordano, Giulia Maria, Birkedal Glenthoj, Louise, Nordentoft, Merete, and Galderisi, Silvana
Abstract: Background Impairment in a wide range of cognitive abilities has been consistently reported in individuals with schizophrenia. Both neurocognitive and social cognitive deficits are thought to underlie severe functional disabilities associated with schizophrenia. Despite the key role in schizophrenia outcome, cognition is still poorly assessed in both research and clinical settings. Methods In this guidance paper, we provide a systematic review of the scientific literature and elaborate several recommendations for the assessment of cognitive functions in schizophrenia both in research settings and in real-world clinical practice. Results Expert consensus and systematic reviews provided guidance for the optimal assessment of cognitive functions in schizophrenia. Based on the reviewed evidence, we recommend a comprehensive and systematic assessment of neurocognitive and social cognitive domains in schizophrenia, in all phases of the disorder, as well as in subjects at risk to develop psychosis. This European Psychiatric Association guidance recommends not only the use of observer reports but also self-reports and interview-based cognitive assessment tools. The guidance also provides a systematic review of the state of the art of assessment in the first episode of psychosis patients and in individuals at risk for psychosis. Conclusion The comprehensive review of the evidence and the recommendations might contribute to advance the field, allowing a better cognitive assessment, and avoiding overlaps with other psychopathological dimensions. The dissemination of this guidance paper may promote the development of shared guidelines concerning the assessment of cognitive functions in schizophrenia, with the purpose to improve the quality of care and to obtain recovery.
Published: 2022

30. Linear Cities as an Alternative for the Sustainable Transition of Urban Areas in Harmony with Natural Environment Principles

Author: Alberti, Francesco, Amer, Mourad, Mahgoub, Yasser, Gallo, Paola, Galderisi, Adriana, Strauss, Eric, Zaręba, A., Krzemińska, A., Truch, E., Modelska, M., Grijalva, F.J., Monrealf, N.R., Alberti, Francesco, Amer, Mourad, Mahgoub, Yasser, Gallo, Paola, Galderisi, Adriana, Strauss, Eric, Zaręba, A., Krzemińska, A., Truch, E., Modelska, M., Grijalva, F.J., and Monrealf, N.R.
Abstract: Intensive urbanization influences the quality of urban green areas, pollution, shrinking of forests, intensification of erosion as well as the fragmentation of habitats and loss of biodiversity. Despite the important role of urban ecosystems, they are exposed to the increasing destruction of the ever-expanding city. The decentralization of the compact city and balanced development, in harmony with natural environment principles, is beginning to shape city-regions. The transport system is one of the main development-stimulating factors which is beneficial to the society and contributes to the economic and cultural activation of urbanized regions. The simplicity of the linear system, based on a transport network, is expressed in its functionality—the separation of collision-free, pedestrian traffic from roads, and easy access to industrial, service, residential and recreation centers. The paper examines studies and contemporary practices of linear urban systems, based on the backbone of road network, in response to the need to find a model solution for an increasing demand for new residential, industrial, and recreational green areas, and attempts to define the role of the linear settlement system in the transition of spatial connections networks.
Published: 2022

31. European Psychiatric Association guidance on assessment of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia

Author: Vita, Antonio, Gaebel, Wolfgang, Mucci, Armida, Sachs, Gabriele, Erfurth, Andreas, Barlati, Stefano, Zanca, Federico, Giordano, Giulia Maria, Birkedal Glenthoj, Louise, Nordentoft, Merete, Galderisi, Silvana, Vita, Antonio, Gaebel, Wolfgang, Mucci, Armida, Sachs, Gabriele, Erfurth, Andreas, Barlati, Stefano, Zanca, Federico, Giordano, Giulia Maria, Birkedal Glenthoj, Louise, Nordentoft, Merete, and Galderisi, Silvana
Abstract: Background Impairment in a wide range of cognitive abilities has been consistently reported in individuals with schizophrenia. Both neurocognitive and social cognitive deficits are thought to underlie severe functional disabilities associated with schizophrenia. Despite the key role in schizophrenia outcome, cognition is still poorly assessed in both research and clinical settings. Methods In this guidance paper, we provide a systematic review of the scientific literature and elaborate several recommendations for the assessment of cognitive functions in schizophrenia both in research settings and in real-world clinical practice. Results Expert consensus and systematic reviews provided guidance for the optimal assessment of cognitive functions in schizophrenia. Based on the reviewed evidence, we recommend a comprehensive and systematic assessment of neurocognitive and social cognitive domains in schizophrenia, in all phases of the disorder, as well as in subjects at risk to develop psychosis. This European Psychiatric Association guidance recommends not only the use of observer reports but also self-reports and interview-based cognitive assessment tools. The guidance also provides a systematic review of the state of the art of assessment in the first episode of psychosis patients and in individuals at risk for psychosis. Conclusion The comprehensive review of the evidence and the recommendations might contribute to advance the field, allowing a better cognitive assessment, and avoiding overlaps with other psychopathological dimensions. The dissemination of this guidance paper may promote the development of shared guidelines concerning the assessment of cognitive functions in schizophrenia, with the purpose to improve the quality of care and to obtain recovery.
Published: 2022

32. European Psychiatric Association guidance on treatment of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia

Author: Vita, Antonio, Gaebel, Wolfgang, Mucci, Armida, Sachs, Gabriele, Barlati, Stefano, Giordano, Giulia Maria, Nibbio, Gabriele, Nordentoft, Merete, Wykes, Til, Galderisi, Silvana, Vita, Antonio, Gaebel, Wolfgang, Mucci, Armida, Sachs, Gabriele, Barlati, Stefano, Giordano, Giulia Maria, Nibbio, Gabriele, Nordentoft, Merete, Wykes, Til, and Galderisi, Silvana
Abstract: Background Although cognitive impairment is a core symptom of schizophrenia related to poorer outcomes in different functional domains, it still remains a major therapeutic challenge. To date, no comprehensive treatment guidelines for cognitive impairment in schizophrenia are implemented. Methods The aim of the present guidance paper is to provide a comprehensive meta-review of the current available evidence-based treatments for cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. The guidance is structured into three sections: Pharmacological treatment, psychosocial interventions, and somatic treatments. Results Based on the reviewed evidence, this European Psychiatric Association guidance recommends an appropriate pharmacological management as a fundamental starting point in the treatment of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. In particular, second-generation antipsychotics are recommended for their favorable cognitive profile compared to first-generation antipsychotics, although no clear superiority of a single second-generation antipsychotic has currently been found. Anticholinergic and benzodiazepine burdens should be kept to a minimum, considering the negative impact on cognitive functioning. Among psychosocial interventions, cognitive remediation and physical exercise are recommended for the treatment of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. Noninvasive brain stimulation techniques could be taken into account as add-on therapy. Conclusions Overall, there is definitive progress in the field, but further research is needed to develop specific treatments for cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. The dissemination of this guidance paper may promote the development of shared guidelines concerning the treatment of cognitive functions in schizophrenia, with the purpose to improve the quality of care and to achieve recovery in this population.
Published: 2022

33. European Psychiatric Association guidance on treatment of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia

Author: Vita, Antonio, Gaebel, Wolfgang, Mucci, Armida, Sachs, Gabriele, Barlati, Stefano, Giordano, Giulia Maria, Nibbio, Gabriele, Nordentoft, Merete, Wykes, Til, Galderisi, Silvana, Vita, Antonio, Gaebel, Wolfgang, Mucci, Armida, Sachs, Gabriele, Barlati, Stefano, Giordano, Giulia Maria, Nibbio, Gabriele, Nordentoft, Merete, Wykes, Til, and Galderisi, Silvana
Abstract: Background Although cognitive impairment is a core symptom of schizophrenia related to poorer outcomes in different functional domains, it still remains a major therapeutic challenge. To date, no comprehensive treatment guidelines for cognitive impairment in schizophrenia are implemented. Methods The aim of the present guidance paper is to provide a comprehensive meta-review of the current available evidence-based treatments for cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. The guidance is structured into three sections: Pharmacological treatment, psychosocial interventions, and somatic treatments. Results Based on the reviewed evidence, this European Psychiatric Association guidance recommends an appropriate pharmacological management as a fundamental starting point in the treatment of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. In particular, second-generation antipsychotics are recommended for their favorable cognitive profile compared to first-generation antipsychotics, although no clear superiority of a single second-generation antipsychotic has currently been found. Anticholinergic and benzodiazepine burdens should be kept to a minimum, considering the negative impact on cognitive functioning. Among psychosocial interventions, cognitive remediation and physical exercise are recommended for the treatment of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. Noninvasive brain stimulation techniques could be taken into account as add-on therapy. Conclusions Overall, there is definitive progress in the field, but further research is needed to develop specific treatments for cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. The dissemination of this guidance paper may promote the development of shared guidelines concerning the treatment of cognitive functions in schizophrenia, with the purpose to improve the quality of care and to achieve recovery in this population.
Published: 2022

34. European Validation of the Self-Evaluation of Negative Symptoms (SNS):A Large Multinational and Multicenter Study

Author: Dollfus, Sonia, Mucci, Armida, Giordano, Giulia M., Bitter, István, Austin, Stephen F., Delouche, Camille, Erfurth, Andreas, Fleischhacker, W. Wolfgang, Movina, Larisa, Glenthøj, Birte, Gütter, Karoline, Hofer, Alex, Hubenak, Jan, Kaiser, Stefan, Libiger, Jan, Melle, Ingrid, Nielsen, Mette, Papsuev, Oleg, Rybakowski, Janusz K., Sachs, Gabriele, Üçok, Alp, Brando, Francesco, Wojciak, Pawel, Galderisi, Silvana, Dollfus, Sonia, Mucci, Armida, Giordano, Giulia M., Bitter, István, Austin, Stephen F., Delouche, Camille, Erfurth, Andreas, Fleischhacker, W. Wolfgang, Movina, Larisa, Glenthøj, Birte, Gütter, Karoline, Hofer, Alex, Hubenak, Jan, Kaiser, Stefan, Libiger, Jan, Melle, Ingrid, Nielsen, Mette, Papsuev, Oleg, Rybakowski, Janusz K., Sachs, Gabriele, Üçok, Alp, Brando, Francesco, Wojciak, Pawel, and Galderisi, Silvana
Abstract: Background: Negative symptoms are usually evaluated with scales based on observer ratings and up to now self-assessments have been overlooked. The aim of this paper was to validate the Self-evaluation of Negative Symptoms (SNS) in a large European sample coming from 12 countries. We wanted to demonstrate: (1) good convergent and divergent validities; (2) relationships between SNS scores and patients' functional outcome; (3) the capacity of the SNS compared to the Brief Negative Symptom Scale (BNSS) to detect negative symptoms; and (4) a five-domain construct in relation to the 5 consensus domains (social withdrawal, anhedonia, alogia, avolition, blunted affect) as the best latent structure of SNS. Methods: Two hundred forty-five subjects with a DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia completed the SNS, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the BNSS, the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), and the Personal and Social Performance (PSP) scale. Spearman's Rho correlations, confirmatory factor analysis investigating 4 models of the latent structure of SNS and stepwise multiple regression were performed. Results: Significant positive correlations were observed between the total score of the SNS and the total scores of the PANSS negative subscale (r = 0.37; P < 0.0001) and the BNSS (r = 0.43; p < 0.0001). SNS scores did not correlate with the level of insight, parkinsonism, or the total score of the PANSS positive subscale. A positive correlation was found between SNS and CDSS (r = 0.35; p < 0.0001). Among the 5 SNS subscores, only avolition subscores entered the regression equation explaining a lower functional outcome. The 1-factor and 2-factor models provided poor fit, while the 5-factor model and the hierarchical model provided the best fit, with a small advantage of the 5-factor model. The frequency of each negative dimension was systematically higher using the BNSS and the SNS vs. the PANSS and was higher for alogia and avolition usin
Published: 2022

35. European Validation of the Self-Evaluation of Negative Symptoms (SNS):A Large Multinational and Multicenter Study

Author: Dollfus, Sonia, Mucci, Armida, Giordano, Giulia M., Bitter, István, Austin, Stephen F., Delouche, Camille, Erfurth, Andreas, Fleischhacker, W. Wolfgang, Movina, Larisa, Glenthøj, Birte, Gütter, Karoline, Hofer, Alex, Hubenak, Jan, Kaiser, Stefan, Libiger, Jan, Melle, Ingrid, Nielsen, Mette, Papsuev, Oleg, Rybakowski, Janusz K., Sachs, Gabriele, Üçok, Alp, Brando, Francesco, Wojciak, Pawel, Galderisi, Silvana, Dollfus, Sonia, Mucci, Armida, Giordano, Giulia M., Bitter, István, Austin, Stephen F., Delouche, Camille, Erfurth, Andreas, Fleischhacker, W. Wolfgang, Movina, Larisa, Glenthøj, Birte, Gütter, Karoline, Hofer, Alex, Hubenak, Jan, Kaiser, Stefan, Libiger, Jan, Melle, Ingrid, Nielsen, Mette, Papsuev, Oleg, Rybakowski, Janusz K., Sachs, Gabriele, Üçok, Alp, Brando, Francesco, Wojciak, Pawel, and Galderisi, Silvana
Abstract: Background: Negative symptoms are usually evaluated with scales based on observer ratings and up to now self-assessments have been overlooked. The aim of this paper was to validate the Self-evaluation of Negative Symptoms (SNS) in a large European sample coming from 12 countries. We wanted to demonstrate: (1) good convergent and divergent validities; (2) relationships between SNS scores and patients' functional outcome; (3) the capacity of the SNS compared to the Brief Negative Symptom Scale (BNSS) to detect negative symptoms; and (4) a five-domain construct in relation to the 5 consensus domains (social withdrawal, anhedonia, alogia, avolition, blunted affect) as the best latent structure of SNS. Methods: Two hundred forty-five subjects with a DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia completed the SNS, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the BNSS, the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), and the Personal and Social Performance (PSP) scale. Spearman's Rho correlations, confirmatory factor analysis investigating 4 models of the latent structure of SNS and stepwise multiple regression were performed. Results: Significant positive correlations were observed between the total score of the SNS and the total scores of the PANSS negative subscale (r = 0.37; P < 0.0001) and the BNSS (r = 0.43; p < 0.0001). SNS scores did not correlate with the level of insight, parkinsonism, or the total score of the PANSS positive subscale. A positive correlation was found between SNS and CDSS (r = 0.35; p < 0.0001). Among the 5 SNS subscores, only avolition subscores entered the regression equation explaining a lower functional outcome. The 1-factor and 2-factor models provided poor fit, while the 5-factor model and the hierarchical model provided the best fit, with a small advantage of the 5-factor model. The frequency of each negative dimension was systematically higher using the BNSS and the SNS vs. the PANSS and was higher for alogia and avolition usin
Published: 2022

36. Scalability of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale in first-episode schizophrenia assessed by Rasch models

Author: Baandrup, Lone, Allerup, Peter, Nielsen, Mette Ø., Düring, Signe W., Bojesen, Kirsten B., Leucht, Stefan, Galderisi, Silvana, Mucci, Armida, Bucci, Paola, Arango, Celso, Díaz-Caneja, Covadonga M., Dazzan, Paola, McGuire, Philip, Demjaha, Arsime, Ebdrup, Bjørn H., Fleischhacker, Wolfgang W., Kahn, René S., Glenthøj, Birte Y., Baandrup, Lone, Allerup, Peter, Nielsen, Mette Ø., Düring, Signe W., Bojesen, Kirsten B., Leucht, Stefan, Galderisi, Silvana, Mucci, Armida, Bucci, Paola, Arango, Celso, Díaz-Caneja, Covadonga M., Dazzan, Paola, McGuire, Philip, Demjaha, Arsime, Ebdrup, Bjørn H., Fleischhacker, Wolfgang W., Kahn, René S., and Glenthøj, Birte Y.
Abstract: Objective: Historically, assessment of the psychometric properties of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) has had several foci: (1) calculation of reliability indexes, (2) extraction of subdimensions from the scale, and (3) assessment of the validity of the total score. In this study, we aimed to examine the scalability and to assess the clinical performance of the 30-item PANSS total score as well as the scalability of a shorter version (PANSS-6) of the scale. Methods: A composite data set of 1073 patients with first-episode schizophrenia or schizophrenia spectrum disorder was subjected to Rasch analysis of PANSS data from baseline and 4–6 weeks follow-up. Results: The central tests of fit of the Rasch model failed to satisfy the statistical requirements behind item homogeneity for the PANSS-30 as well as the PANSS-6 total score. For the PANSS-30, Differential Item Functioning was pronounced both for the 7-point Likert scale rating categories and when dichotomizing the rating categories. Subsequently, the Rasch structure analysis in the context of dichotomized items was used to isolate and estimate a systematic error because of item inhomogeneity, as well as a random error. The size of the combined sources of error for the PANSS-30 total score approximated 20% which is often regarded as clinical cut-off between response versus no-response. Conclusion: The results demonstrate the operational consequences of a lack of statistical fit of the Rasch model and suggest that the calculated measure of uncertainty needs to be considered when using the PANSS-30 total score.
Published: 2022

37. Scalability of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale in first-episode schizophrenia assessed by Rasch models

Author: Baandrup, Lone, Allerup, Peter, Nielsen, Mette Ø., Düring, Signe W., Bojesen, Kirsten B., Leucht, Stefan, Galderisi, Silvana, Mucci, Armida, Bucci, Paola, Arango, Celso, Díaz-Caneja, Covadonga M., Dazzan, Paola, McGuire, Philip, Demjaha, Arsime, Ebdrup, Bjørn H., Fleischhacker, Wolfgang W., Kahn, René S., Glenthøj, Birte Y., Baandrup, Lone, Allerup, Peter, Nielsen, Mette Ø., Düring, Signe W., Bojesen, Kirsten B., Leucht, Stefan, Galderisi, Silvana, Mucci, Armida, Bucci, Paola, Arango, Celso, Díaz-Caneja, Covadonga M., Dazzan, Paola, McGuire, Philip, Demjaha, Arsime, Ebdrup, Bjørn H., Fleischhacker, Wolfgang W., Kahn, René S., and Glenthøj, Birte Y.
Abstract: Objective: Historically, assessment of the psychometric properties of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) has had several foci: (1) calculation of reliability indexes, (2) extraction of subdimensions from the scale, and (3) assessment of the validity of the total score. In this study, we aimed to examine the scalability and to assess the clinical performance of the 30-item PANSS total score as well as the scalability of a shorter version (PANSS-6) of the scale. Methods: A composite data set of 1073 patients with first-episode schizophrenia or schizophrenia spectrum disorder was subjected to Rasch analysis of PANSS data from baseline and 4–6 weeks follow-up. Results: The central tests of fit of the Rasch model failed to satisfy the statistical requirements behind item homogeneity for the PANSS-30 as well as the PANSS-6 total score. For the PANSS-30, Differential Item Functioning was pronounced both for the 7-point Likert scale rating categories and when dichotomizing the rating categories. Subsequently, the Rasch structure analysis in the context of dichotomized items was used to isolate and estimate a systematic error because of item inhomogeneity, as well as a random error. The size of the combined sources of error for the PANSS-30 total score approximated 20% which is often regarded as clinical cut-off between response versus no-response. Conclusion: The results demonstrate the operational consequences of a lack of statistical fit of the Rasch model and suggest that the calculated measure of uncertainty needs to be considered when using the PANSS-30 total score.
Published: 2022

38. Scalability of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale in first-episode schizophrenia assessed by Rasch models

Author: Onderzoeksgroep 11, Brain, Baandrup, Lone, Allerup, Peter, Nielsen, Mette Ø, Düring, Signe W, Bojesen, Kirsten B, Leucht, Stefan, Galderisi, Silvana, Mucci, Armida, Bucci, Paola, Arango, Celso, Díaz-Caneja, Covadonga M, Dazzan, Paola, McGuire, Philip, Demjaha, Arsime, Ebdrup, Bjørn H, Fleischhacker, Wolfgang W, Kahn, René S, Glenthøj, Birte Y, Onderzoeksgroep 11, Brain, Baandrup, Lone, Allerup, Peter, Nielsen, Mette Ø, Düring, Signe W, Bojesen, Kirsten B, Leucht, Stefan, Galderisi, Silvana, Mucci, Armida, Bucci, Paola, Arango, Celso, Díaz-Caneja, Covadonga M, Dazzan, Paola, McGuire, Philip, Demjaha, Arsime, Ebdrup, Bjørn H, Fleischhacker, Wolfgang W, Kahn, René S, and Glenthøj, Birte Y
Published: 2022

39. Multimodality imaging in the diagnosis, risk stratification, and management of patients with dilated cardiomyopathies: An expert consensus document from the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging

Author: Donal, E, Delgado, V, Bucciarelli-Ducci, C, Galli, E, Haugaa, K, Charron, P, Voigt, J, Cardim, N, Masci, P, Galderisi, M, Gaemperli, O, Gimelli, A, Pinto, Y, Lancellotti, P, Habib, G, Elliott, P, Edvardsen, T, Cosyns, B, Popescu, B, Gerber, B, Muraru, D, Flachskampf, F, Plein, S, Neglia, D, Cameli, M, Weytjens, C, Donal E., Delgado V., Bucciarelli-Ducci C., Galli E., Haugaa K. H., Charron P., Voigt J. -U., Cardim N., Masci P. G., Galderisi M., Gaemperli O., Gimelli A., Pinto Y. M., Lancellotti P., Habib G., Elliott P., Edvardsen T., Cosyns B., Popescu B. A., Gerber B., Muraru D., Flachskampf F., Plein S., Neglia D., Cameli M., Weytjens C., Donal, E, Delgado, V, Bucciarelli-Ducci, C, Galli, E, Haugaa, K, Charron, P, Voigt, J, Cardim, N, Masci, P, Galderisi, M, Gaemperli, O, Gimelli, A, Pinto, Y, Lancellotti, P, Habib, G, Elliott, P, Edvardsen, T, Cosyns, B, Popescu, B, Gerber, B, Muraru, D, Flachskampf, F, Plein, S, Neglia, D, Cameli, M, Weytjens, C, Donal E., Delgado V., Bucciarelli-Ducci C., Galli E., Haugaa K. H., Charron P., Voigt J. -U., Cardim N., Masci P. G., Galderisi M., Gaemperli O., Gimelli A., Pinto Y. M., Lancellotti P., Habib G., Elliott P., Edvardsen T., Cosyns B., Popescu B. A., Gerber B., Muraru D., Flachskampf F., Plein S., Neglia D., Cameli M., and Weytjens C.
Abstract: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is defined by the presence of left ventricular or biventricular dilatation and systolic dysfunction in the absence of abnormal loading conditions or coronary artery disease sufficient to explain these changes. This is a heterogeneous disease frequently having a genetic background. Imaging is important for the diagnosis, the prognostic assessment and for guiding therapy. A multimodality imaging approach provides a comprehensive evaluation of all the issues related to this disease. The present document aims to provide recommendations for the use of multimodality imaging according to the clinical question. Selection of one or another imaging technique should be based on the clinical condition and context. Techniques are presented with the aim to underscore what is 'clinically relevant' and what are the tools that 'can be used'. There remain some gaps in evidence on the impact of multimodality imaging on the management and the treatment of DCM patients where ongoing research is important.
Published: 2019

40. Echocardiographic reference ranges for normal non-invasive myocardial work indices: Results from the EACVI NORRE study

Author: Manganaro, R, Marchetta, S, Dulgheru, R, Ilardi, F, Sugimoto, T, Robinet, S, Cimino, S, Go, Y, Bernard, A, Kacharava, G, Athanassopoulos, G, Barone, D, Baroni, M, Cardim, N, Hagendorff, A, Hristova, K, López-Fernández, T, de la Morena, G, Popescu, B, Penicka, M, Ozyigit, T, Rodrigo Carbonero, J, van de Veire, N, Von Bardeleben, R, Vinereanu, D, Zamorano, J, Rosca, M, Calin, A, Moonen, M, Magne, J, Cosyns, B, Galli, E, Donal, E, Carerj, S, Zito, C, Santoro, C, Galderisi, M, Badano, L, Lang, R, Oury, C, Lancellotti, P, Manganaro, Roberta, Marchetta, Stella, Dulgheru, Raluca, Ilardi, Federica, Sugimoto, Tadafumi, Robinet, Sébastien, Cimino, Sara, Go, Yun Yun, Bernard, Anne, Kacharava, George, Athanassopoulos, George D, Barone, Daniele, Baroni, Monica, Cardim, Nuno, Hagendorff, Andreas, Hristova, Krasimira, López-Fernández, Teresa, de la Morena, Gonzalo, Popescu, Bogdan A, Penicka, Martin, Ozyigit, Tolga, Rodrigo Carbonero, Jose David, van de Veire, Nico, Von Bardeleben, Ralph Stephan, Vinereanu, Dragos, Zamorano, Jose Luis, Rosca, Monica, Calin, Andreea, Moonen, Marie, Magne, Julien, Cosyns, Bernard, Galli, Elena, Donal, Erwan, Carerj, Scipione, Zito, Concetta, Santoro, Ciro, Galderisi, Maurizio, Badano, Luigi, Lang, Roberto M, Oury, Cecile, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Manganaro, R, Marchetta, S, Dulgheru, R, Ilardi, F, Sugimoto, T, Robinet, S, Cimino, S, Go, Y, Bernard, A, Kacharava, G, Athanassopoulos, G, Barone, D, Baroni, M, Cardim, N, Hagendorff, A, Hristova, K, López-Fernández, T, de la Morena, G, Popescu, B, Penicka, M, Ozyigit, T, Rodrigo Carbonero, J, van de Veire, N, Von Bardeleben, R, Vinereanu, D, Zamorano, J, Rosca, M, Calin, A, Moonen, M, Magne, J, Cosyns, B, Galli, E, Donal, E, Carerj, S, Zito, C, Santoro, C, Galderisi, M, Badano, L, Lang, R, Oury, C, Lancellotti, P, Manganaro, Roberta, Marchetta, Stella, Dulgheru, Raluca, Ilardi, Federica, Sugimoto, Tadafumi, Robinet, Sébastien, Cimino, Sara, Go, Yun Yun, Bernard, Anne, Kacharava, George, Athanassopoulos, George D, Barone, Daniele, Baroni, Monica, Cardim, Nuno, Hagendorff, Andreas, Hristova, Krasimira, López-Fernández, Teresa, de la Morena, Gonzalo, Popescu, Bogdan A, Penicka, Martin, Ozyigit, Tolga, Rodrigo Carbonero, Jose David, van de Veire, Nico, Von Bardeleben, Ralph Stephan, Vinereanu, Dragos, Zamorano, Jose Luis, Rosca, Monica, Calin, Andreea, Moonen, Marie, Magne, Julien, Cosyns, Bernard, Galli, Elena, Donal, Erwan, Carerj, Scipione, Zito, Concetta, Santoro, Ciro, Galderisi, Maurizio, Badano, Luigi, Lang, Roberto M, Oury, Cecile, and Lancellotti, Patrizio
Abstract: Aims: To obtain the normal ranges for 2D echocardiographic (2DE) indices of myocardial work (MW) from a large group of healthy volunteers over a wide range of ages and gender. Methods and results: A total of 226 (85 men, mean age: 45 ± 13 years) healthy subjects were enrolled at 22 collaborating institutions of the Normal Reference Ranges for Echocardiography (NORRE) study. Global work index (GWI), global constructive work (GCW), global work waste (GWW), and global work efficiency (GWE) were estimated from left ventricle (LV) pressure-strain loops. Peak LV systolic pressure was non-invasively derived from brachial artery cuff pressure. The lowest values of MW indices in men and women were 1270 mmHg% and 1310 mmHg% for GWI, 1650 mmHg% and 1544 mmHg% for GCW, and 90% and 91% for GWE, respectively. The highest value for GWW was 238 mmHg% in men and 239 mmHg% in women. Men had significant lower values of GWE and higher values of GWW. GWI and GCW significantly increased with age in women. Conclusion: The NORRE study provides useful 2DE reference ranges for novel indices of non-invasive MW.
Published: 2019

41. Is there association between left atrial function and functional capacity in patients with uncomplicated type 2 diabetes?

Author: Vukomanovic, V, Suzic-Lazic, J, Celic, V, Cuspidi, C, Grassi, G, Galderisi, M, Djukic, V, Tadic, M, Vukomanovic V, Suzic-Lazic J, Celic V, Cuspidi C, Grassi G, Galderisi M, Djukic V, Tadic M., Vukomanovic, V, Suzic-Lazic, J, Celic, V, Cuspidi, C, Grassi, G, Galderisi, M, Djukic, V, Tadic, M, Vukomanovic V, Suzic-Lazic J, Celic V, Cuspidi C, Grassi G, Galderisi M, Djukic V, and Tadic M.
Abstract: We sought to investigate the relationship between phasic left atrial function (LA) and functional capacity in the patients with type 2 diabetes (DM). This cross-sectional investigation included 72 controls and 64 uncomplicated DM subjects. All participants underwent echocardiographic examination and cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Total and passive LA emptying fractions (EF), demonstrating LA reservoir and conduit function, were significantly lower in DM patients than in controls. Active LA EF, the parameter of LA booster pump function, was similar between DM and controls. Total and positive LA strains, corresponding with reservoir and conduit function, were also significantly reduced in DM subjects comparing with controls. However, negative LA strain—parameter of LA booster pump function, was significantly increased in DM patients in comparison with controls. Peak oxygen consumption was significantly reduced and ventilation/carbon dioxide slope was elevated in DM patients. In the whole study population LA global longitudinal strain was associated with heart rate recovery in the first minute, peak oxygen consumption and ventilation/carbon dioxide slope independently of other clinical parameters and LV hypertrophy and LV diastolic function. In conclusion, LA phasic function and functional capacity were significantly impaired in the patients with DM. LA longitudinal strain, but not LA volume index, was independently related with functional capacity in the whole study population. Our results suggest that evaluation of LA function and functional capacity could detect subclinical target organ damage and prevent development of further complications in uncomplicated DM patients
Published: 2019

42. Echocardiography in Athletes in Primary Prevention of Sudden Death

Author: Radmilovic, J, D'Andrea, A, D'Amato, A, Tagliamonte, E, Sperlongano, S, Riegler, L, Scarafile, R, Forni, A, Muscogiuri, G, Pontone, G, Galderisi, M, Russo, M, Radmilovic J., D'Andrea A., D'Amato A., Tagliamonte E., Sperlongano S., Riegler L., Scarafile R., Forni A., Muscogiuri G, Pontone G., Galderisi M, Russo M., Radmilovic, J, D'Andrea, A, D'Amato, A, Tagliamonte, E, Sperlongano, S, Riegler, L, Scarafile, R, Forni, A, Muscogiuri, G, Pontone, G, Galderisi, M, Russo, M, Radmilovic J., D'Andrea A., D'Amato A., Tagliamonte E., Sperlongano S., Riegler L., Scarafile R., Forni A., Muscogiuri G, Pontone G., Galderisi M, and Russo M.
Abstract: Echocardiography is a noninvasive imaging technique useful to provide clinical data regarding physiological adaptations of athlete's heart. Echocardiographic characteristics may be helpful for the clinicians to identify structural cardiac disease, responsible of sudden death during sport activities. The application of echocardiography in preparticipation screening might be essential: it shows high sensitivity and specificity for identification of structural cardiac disease and it is the first-line imagining technique for primary prevention of SCD in athletes. Moreover, new echocardiographic techniques distinguish extreme sport cardiac remodeling from beginning state of cardiomyopathy, as hypertrophic or dilated cardiomyopathy and arrhythmogenic right ventricle dysplasia. The aim of this paper is to review the scientific literature and the clinical knowledge about athlete's heart and main structural heart disease and to describe the rule of echocardiography in primary prevention of SCD in athletes.
Published: 2019

43. The clinical characterization of the patient with primary psychosis aimed at personalization of management.

Author: Maj, Mario, Maj, Mario, van Os, Jim, De Hert, Marc, Gaebel, Wolfgang, Galderisi, Silvana, Green, Michael, Guloksuz, Sinan, Harvey, Philip, Jones, Peter, Malaspina, Dolores, McGorry, Patrick, Miettunen, Jouko, Murray, Robin, Nuechterlein, Keith, Peralta, Victor, Thornicroft, Graham, van Winkel, Ruud, Ventura, Joseph, Maj, Mario, Maj, Mario, van Os, Jim, De Hert, Marc, Gaebel, Wolfgang, Galderisi, Silvana, Green, Michael, Guloksuz, Sinan, Harvey, Philip, Jones, Peter, Malaspina, Dolores, McGorry, Patrick, Miettunen, Jouko, Murray, Robin, Nuechterlein, Keith, Peralta, Victor, Thornicroft, Graham, van Winkel, Ruud, and Ventura, Joseph
Abstract: The current management of patients with primary psychosis worldwide is often remarkably stereotyped. In almost all cases an antipsychotic medica-tion is prescribed, with second-generation antipsychotics usually preferred to first-generation ones. Cognitive behavioral therapy is rarely used in the vast majority of countries, although there is evidence to support its efficacy. Psychosocial interventions are often provided, especially in chronic cases, but those applied are frequently not validated by research. Evidence-based family interventions and supported employment programs are seldom implemented in ordinary practice. Although the notion that patients with primary psychosis are at increased risk for cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus is widely shared, it is not frequent that appropriate measures be implemented to address this problem. The view that the management of the patient with primary psychosis should be personalized is endorsed by the vast majority of clinicians, but this personalization is lacking or inadequate in most clinical contexts. Although many mental health services would declare themselves recovery-oriented, it is not common that a focus on empowerment, identity, meaning and resilience is ensured in ordinary practice. The present paper aims to address this situation. It describes systematically the salient domains that should be considered in the characterization of the individual patient with primary psychosis aimed at personalization of management. These include positive and negative symptom dimensions, other psychopathological components, onset and course, neurocognition and social cognition, neurodevelopmental indicators; social functioning, quality of life and unmet needs; clinical staging, antecedent and concomitant psychiatric conditions, physical comorbidities, family history, history of obstetric complications, early and recent environmental exposures, protective factors and resilience, and internalized stigma. For each domain
Published: 2021

44. Primary prevention of depression: An umbrella review of controlled interventions

Author: de Pablo, Gonzalo Salazar, Solmi, Marco, Vaquerizo-Serrano, Julio, Radua, Joaquim, Passina, Anastassia, Mosillo, Pierluca, Correll, Christoph U., Borgwardt, Stefan, Galderisi, Silvana, Bechdolf, Andreas, Pfennig, Andrea, Bauer, Michael, Kessing, Lars Vedel, van Amelsvoort, Therese, Nieman, Dorien H., Domschke, Katharina, Krebs, Marie-Odile, Sand, Michael, Vieta, Eduard, McGuire, Philip, Arango, Celso, Il Shin, Jae, Fusar-Poli, Paolo, de Pablo, Gonzalo Salazar, Solmi, Marco, Vaquerizo-Serrano, Julio, Radua, Joaquim, Passina, Anastassia, Mosillo, Pierluca, Correll, Christoph U., Borgwardt, Stefan, Galderisi, Silvana, Bechdolf, Andreas, Pfennig, Andrea, Bauer, Michael, Kessing, Lars Vedel, van Amelsvoort, Therese, Nieman, Dorien H., Domschke, Katharina, Krebs, Marie-Odile, Sand, Michael, Vieta, Eduard, McGuire, Philip, Arango, Celso, Il Shin, Jae, and Fusar-Poli, Paolo
Abstract: Background: Primary prevention has the potential to modify the course of depression, but the consistency and magnitude of this effect are currently undetermined. Methods: PRISMA and RIGHT compliant (PROSPERO:CRD42020179659) systematic meta-review, PubMed/ Web of Science, up to June 2020. Meta-analyses of controlled interventions for the primary prevention of depressive symptoms [effect measures: standardized mean difference (SMD)] or depressive disorders [effect measure: relative risk (RR)] were carried out. Results were stratified by: (i) age range; (ii) target population (general and/or at-risk); (iii) intervention type. Quality (assessed with AMSTAR/AMSTAR-PLUS content) and credibility (graded as high/moderate/low) were assessed. USPSTF grading system was used for recommendations. Results: Forty-six meta-analyses (k=928 individual studies, n=286,429 individuals, mean age=22.4 years, 81.1% female) were included. Effect sizes were: SMD=0.08-0.53; for depressive symptoms; RR=0.90-0.28 for depressive disorders. Sensitivity analyses including only RCTs did not impact the findings. AMSTAR median=9 (IQR=8-9); AMSTAR-PLUS content median=4.25 (IQR=4-5). Credibility of the evidence was insufficient/low in 43 (93.5%) meta-analyses, moderate in two (4.3%), and high in one (2.2%): reduction of depressive symptoms using psychosocial interventions for young adults only, and a combination of psychological and educational interventions in primary care had moderate credibility; preventive administration of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for depressive disorders in individuals with a stroke had high credibility. Limitations: Intervention heterogeneity and lack of long-term efficacy evaluation. Conclusions: Primary preventive interventions for depression might be effective. Among them, clinicians may offer SSRIs post-stroke to prevent depressive disorders, and psychosocial interventions for children/adolescents/ young adults with risk factors or during the prenatal
Published: 2021

45. Primary prevention of depression: An umbrella review of controlled interventions.

Author: Salazar de Pablo, G, Solmi, M, Vaquerizo-Serrano, J, Radua, J, Passina, A, Mosillo, P, Correll, CU, Borgwardt, S, Galderisi, S, Bechdolf, A, Pfennig, A, Bauer, M, Kessing, LV, van Amelsvoort, T, Nieman, DH, Domschke, K, Krebs, M-O, Sand, M, Vieta, E, McGuire, P, Arango, C, Shin, JI, Fusar-Poli, P, Salazar de Pablo, G, Solmi, M, Vaquerizo-Serrano, J, Radua, J, Passina, A, Mosillo, P, Correll, CU, Borgwardt, S, Galderisi, S, Bechdolf, A, Pfennig, A, Bauer, M, Kessing, LV, van Amelsvoort, T, Nieman, DH, Domschke, K, Krebs, M-O, Sand, M, Vieta, E, McGuire, P, Arango, C, Shin, JI, and Fusar-Poli, P
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Primary prevention has the potential to modify the course of depression, but the consistency and magnitude of this effect are currently undetermined. METHODS: PRISMA and RIGHT compliant (PROSPERO:CRD42020179659) systematic meta-review, PubMed/Web of Science, up to June 2020. Meta-analyses of controlled interventions for the primary prevention of depressive symptoms [effect measures: standardized mean difference (SMD)] or depressive disorders [effect measure: relative risk (RR)] were carried out. Results were stratified by: (i) age range; (ii) target population (general and/or at-risk); (iii) intervention type. Quality (assessed with AMSTAR/AMSTAR-PLUS content) and credibility (graded as high/moderate/low) were assessed. USPSTF grading system was used for recommendations. RESULTS: Forty-six meta-analyses (k=928 individual studies, n=286,429 individuals, mean age=22.4 years, 81.1% female) were included. Effect sizes were: SMD=0.08-0.53; for depressive symptoms; RR=0.90-0.28 for depressive disorders. Sensitivity analyses including only RCTs did not impact the findings. AMSTAR median=9 (IQR=8-9); AMSTAR-PLUS content median=4.25 (IQR=4-5). Credibility of the evidence was insufficient/low in 43 (93.5%) meta-analyses, moderate in two (4.3%), and high in one (2.2%): reduction of depressive symptoms using psychosocial interventions for young adults only, and a combination of psychological and educational interventions in primary care had moderate credibility; preventive administration of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for depressive disorders in individuals with a stroke had high credibility. LIMITATIONS: Intervention heterogeneity and lack of long-term efficacy evaluation. CONCLUSIONS: Primary preventive interventions for depression might be effective. Among them, clinicians may offer SSRIs post-stroke to prevent depressive disorders, and psychosocial interventions for children/adolescents/young adults with risk factors or during the prenatal/pe
Published: 2021

46. Multimodality imaging in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction: an expert consensus document of the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging.

Author: UCL - SSS/IREC/CARD - Pôle de recherche cardiovasculaire, UCL - (SLuc) Service de pathologie cardiovasculaire, Smiseth Chair, Otto A, Morris, Daniel A, Cardim, Nuno, Cikes, Maja, Delgado, Victoria, Donal, Erwan, Flachskampf, Frank A, Galderisi, Maurizio, Gerber, Bernhard, Gimelli, Alessia, Klein, Allan L, Knuuti, Juhani, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Mascherbauer, Julia, Milicic, Davor, Seferovic, Petar, Solomon, Scott, Edvardsen, Thor, Popescu Co-Chair, Bogdan A, UCL - SSS/IREC/CARD - Pôle de recherche cardiovasculaire, UCL - (SLuc) Service de pathologie cardiovasculaire, Smiseth Chair, Otto A, Morris, Daniel A, Cardim, Nuno, Cikes, Maja, Delgado, Victoria, Donal, Erwan, Flachskampf, Frank A, Galderisi, Maurizio, Gerber, Bernhard, Gimelli, Alessia, Klein, Allan L, Knuuti, Juhani, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Mascherbauer, Julia, Milicic, Davor, Seferovic, Petar, Solomon, Scott, Edvardsen, Thor, and Popescu Co-Chair, Bogdan A
Abstract: Nearly half of all patients with heart failure (HF) have a normal left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) and the condition is termed heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). It is assumed that in these patients HF is due primarily to LV diastolic dysfunction. The prognosis in HFpEF is almost as severe as in HF with reduced EF (HFrEF). In contrast to HFrEF where drugs and devices are proven to reduce mortality, in HFpEF there has been limited therapy available with documented effects on prognosis. This may reflect that HFpEF encompasses a wide range of different pathological processes, which multimodality imaging is well placed to differentiate. Progress in developing therapies for HFpEF has been hampered by a lack of uniform diagnostic criteria. The present expert consensus document from the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) provides recommendations regarding how to determine elevated LV filling pressure in the setting of suspected HFpEF and how to use multimodality imaging to determine specific aetiologies in patients with HFpEF.
Published: 2021

47. The clinical characterization of the patient with primary psychosis aimed at personalization of management

Author: Maj, M. (Mario), van Os, J. (Jim), De Hert, M. (Marc), Gaebel, W. (Wolfgang), Galderisi, S. (Silvana), Green, M. F. (Michael F.), Guloksuz, S. (Sinan), Harvey, P. D. (Philip D.), Jones, P. B. (Peter B.), Malaspina, D. (Dolores), McGorry, P. (Patrick), Miettunen, J. (Jouko), Murray, R. M. (Robin M.), Nuechterlein, K. H. (Keith H.), Peralta, V. (Victor), Thornicroft, G. (Graham), van Winkel, R. (Ruud), Ventura, J. (Joseph), Maj, M. (Mario), van Os, J. (Jim), De Hert, M. (Marc), Gaebel, W. (Wolfgang), Galderisi, S. (Silvana), Green, M. F. (Michael F.), Guloksuz, S. (Sinan), Harvey, P. D. (Philip D.), Jones, P. B. (Peter B.), Malaspina, D. (Dolores), McGorry, P. (Patrick), Miettunen, J. (Jouko), Murray, R. M. (Robin M.), Nuechterlein, K. H. (Keith H.), Peralta, V. (Victor), Thornicroft, G. (Graham), van Winkel, R. (Ruud), and Ventura, J. (Joseph)
Abstract: The current management of patients with primary psychosis worldwide is often remarkably stereotyped. In almost all cases an antipsychotic medication is prescribed, with second-generation antipsychotics usually preferred to first-generation ones. Cognitive behavioral therapy is rarely used in the vast majority of countries, although there is evidence to support its efficacy. Psychosocial interventions are often provided, especially in chronic cases, but those applied are frequently not validated by research. Evidence-based family interventions and supported employment programs are seldom implemented in ordinary practice. Although the notion that patients with primary psychosis are at increased risk for cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus is widely shared, it is not frequent that appropriate measures be implemented to address this problem. The view that the management of the patient with primary psychosis should be personalized is endorsed by the vast majority of clinicians, but this personalization is lacking or inadequate in most clinical contexts. Although many mental health services would declare themselves “recovery-oriented”, it is not common that a focus on empowerment, identity, meaning and resilience is ensured in ordinary practice. The present paper aims to address this situation. It describes systematically the salient domains that should be considered in the characterization of the individual patient with primary psychosis aimed at personalization of management. These include positive and negative symptom dimensions, other psychopathological components, onset and course, neurocognition and social cognition, neurodevelopmental indicators; social functioning, quality of life and unmet needs; clinical staging, antecedent and concomitant psychiatric conditions, physical comorbidities, family history, history of obstetric complications, early and recent environmental exposures, protective factors and resilience, and internalized stigma. For
Published: 2021

48. Primary prevention of depression: An umbrella review of controlled interventions

Author: de Pablo, Gonzalo Salazar, Solmi, Marco, Vaquerizo-Serrano, Julio, Radua, Joaquim, Passina, Anastassia, Mosillo, Pierluca, Correll, Christoph U., Borgwardt, Stefan, Galderisi, Silvana, Bechdolf, Andreas, Pfennig, Andrea, Bauer, Michael, Kessing, Lars Vedel, van Amelsvoort, Therese, Nieman, Dorien H., Domschke, Katharina, Krebs, Marie-Odile, Sand, Michael, Vieta, Eduard, McGuire, Philip, Arango, Celso, Il Shin, Jae, Fusar-Poli, Paolo, de Pablo, Gonzalo Salazar, Solmi, Marco, Vaquerizo-Serrano, Julio, Radua, Joaquim, Passina, Anastassia, Mosillo, Pierluca, Correll, Christoph U., Borgwardt, Stefan, Galderisi, Silvana, Bechdolf, Andreas, Pfennig, Andrea, Bauer, Michael, Kessing, Lars Vedel, van Amelsvoort, Therese, Nieman, Dorien H., Domschke, Katharina, Krebs, Marie-Odile, Sand, Michael, Vieta, Eduard, McGuire, Philip, Arango, Celso, Il Shin, Jae, and Fusar-Poli, Paolo
Abstract: Background: Primary prevention has the potential to modify the course of depression, but the consistency and magnitude of this effect are currently undetermined. Methods: PRISMA and RIGHT compliant (PROSPERO:CRD42020179659) systematic meta-review, PubMed/ Web of Science, up to June 2020. Meta-analyses of controlled interventions for the primary prevention of depressive symptoms [effect measures: standardized mean difference (SMD)] or depressive disorders [effect measure: relative risk (RR)] were carried out. Results were stratified by: (i) age range; (ii) target population (general and/or at-risk); (iii) intervention type. Quality (assessed with AMSTAR/AMSTAR-PLUS content) and credibility (graded as high/moderate/low) were assessed. USPSTF grading system was used for recommendations. Results: Forty-six meta-analyses (k=928 individual studies, n=286,429 individuals, mean age=22.4 years, 81.1% female) were included. Effect sizes were: SMD=0.08-0.53; for depressive symptoms; RR=0.90-0.28 for depressive disorders. Sensitivity analyses including only RCTs did not impact the findings. AMSTAR median=9 (IQR=8-9); AMSTAR-PLUS content median=4.25 (IQR=4-5). Credibility of the evidence was insufficient/low in 43 (93.5%) meta-analyses, moderate in two (4.3%), and high in one (2.2%): reduction of depressive symptoms using psychosocial interventions for young adults only, and a combination of psychological and educational interventions in primary care had moderate credibility; preventive administration of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for depressive disorders in individuals with a stroke had high credibility. Limitations: Intervention heterogeneity and lack of long-term efficacy evaluation. Conclusions: Primary preventive interventions for depression might be effective. Among them, clinicians may offer SSRIs post-stroke to prevent depressive disorders, and psychosocial interventions for children/adolescents/ young adults with risk factors or during the prenatal
Published: 2021

49. Primary prevention of depression:An umbrella review of controlled interventions

Author: Salazar de Pablo, Gonzalo, Solmi, Marco, Vaquerizo-Serrano, Julio, Radua, Joaquim, Passina, Anastassia, Morsillo, Pierluca, Correll, Christoph U., Borgwardt, Stefan, Galderisi, Silvana, Bechdolf, Andreas, Pfennig, Andrea, Bauer, Michael, Kessing, Lars Vedel, van Amelsvoort, Therese, Nieman, Dorien H., Domschke, Katharina, Krebs, Marie Odile, Sand, Michael, Vieta, Eduard, McGuire, Philip, Arango, Celso, Shin, Jae Il, Fusar-Poli, Paolo, Salazar de Pablo, Gonzalo, Solmi, Marco, Vaquerizo-Serrano, Julio, Radua, Joaquim, Passina, Anastassia, Morsillo, Pierluca, Correll, Christoph U., Borgwardt, Stefan, Galderisi, Silvana, Bechdolf, Andreas, Pfennig, Andrea, Bauer, Michael, Kessing, Lars Vedel, van Amelsvoort, Therese, Nieman, Dorien H., Domschke, Katharina, Krebs, Marie Odile, Sand, Michael, Vieta, Eduard, McGuire, Philip, Arango, Celso, Shin, Jae Il, and Fusar-Poli, Paolo
Abstract: Background: Primary prevention has the potential to modify the course of depression, but the consistency and magnitude of this effect are currently undetermined. Methods: PRISMA and RIGHT compliant (PROSPERO:CRD42020179659) systematic meta-review, PubMed/Web of Science, up to June 2020. Meta-analyses of controlled interventions for the primary prevention of depressive symptoms [effect measures: standardized mean difference (SMD)] or depressive disorders [effect measure: relative risk (RR)] were carried out. Results were stratified by: (i) age range; (ii) target population (general and/or at-risk); (iii) intervention type. Quality (assessed with AMSTAR/AMSTAR-PLUS content) and credibility (graded as high/moderate/low) were assessed. USPSTF grading system was used for recommendations. Results: Forty-six meta-analyses (k=928 individual studies, n=286,429 individuals, mean age=22.4 years, 81.1% female) were included. Effect sizes were: SMD=0.08-0.53; for depressive symptoms; RR=0.90-0.28 for depressive disorders. Sensitivity analyses including only RCTs did not impact the findings. AMSTAR median=9 (IQR=8-9); AMSTAR-PLUS content median=4.25 (IQR=4-5). Credibility of the evidence was insufficient/low in 43 (93.5%) meta-analyses, moderate in two (4.3%), and high in one (2.2%): reduction of depressive symptoms using psychosocial interventions for young adults only, and a combination of psychological and educational interventions in primary care had moderate credibility; preventive administration of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for depressive disorders in individuals with a stroke had high credibility. Limitations: Intervention heterogeneity and lack of long-term efficacy evaluation. Conclusions: Primary preventive interventions for depression might be effective. Among them, clinicians may offer SSRIs post-stroke to prevent depressive disorders, and psychosocial interventions for children/adolescents/young adults with risk factors or during the prenatal
Published: 2021

50. Primary prevention of depression:An umbrella review of controlled interventions

Author: Salazar de Pablo, Gonzalo, Solmi, Marco, Vaquerizo-Serrano, Julio, Radua, Joaquim, Passina, Anastassia, Morsillo, Pierluca, Correll, Christoph U., Borgwardt, Stefan, Galderisi, Silvana, Bechdolf, Andreas, Pfennig, Andrea, Bauer, Michael, Kessing, Lars Vedel, van Amelsvoort, Therese, Nieman, Dorien H., Domschke, Katharina, Krebs, Marie Odile, Sand, Michael, Vieta, Eduard, McGuire, Philip, Arango, Celso, Shin, Jae Il, Fusar-Poli, Paolo, Salazar de Pablo, Gonzalo, Solmi, Marco, Vaquerizo-Serrano, Julio, Radua, Joaquim, Passina, Anastassia, Morsillo, Pierluca, Correll, Christoph U., Borgwardt, Stefan, Galderisi, Silvana, Bechdolf, Andreas, Pfennig, Andrea, Bauer, Michael, Kessing, Lars Vedel, van Amelsvoort, Therese, Nieman, Dorien H., Domschke, Katharina, Krebs, Marie Odile, Sand, Michael, Vieta, Eduard, McGuire, Philip, Arango, Celso, Shin, Jae Il, and Fusar-Poli, Paolo
Abstract: Background: Primary prevention has the potential to modify the course of depression, but the consistency and magnitude of this effect are currently undetermined. Methods: PRISMA and RIGHT compliant (PROSPERO:CRD42020179659) systematic meta-review, PubMed/Web of Science, up to June 2020. Meta-analyses of controlled interventions for the primary prevention of depressive symptoms [effect measures: standardized mean difference (SMD)] or depressive disorders [effect measure: relative risk (RR)] were carried out. Results were stratified by: (i) age range; (ii) target population (general and/or at-risk); (iii) intervention type. Quality (assessed with AMSTAR/AMSTAR-PLUS content) and credibility (graded as high/moderate/low) were assessed. USPSTF grading system was used for recommendations. Results: Forty-six meta-analyses (k=928 individual studies, n=286,429 individuals, mean age=22.4 years, 81.1% female) were included. Effect sizes were: SMD=0.08-0.53; for depressive symptoms; RR=0.90-0.28 for depressive disorders. Sensitivity analyses including only RCTs did not impact the findings. AMSTAR median=9 (IQR=8-9); AMSTAR-PLUS content median=4.25 (IQR=4-5). Credibility of the evidence was insufficient/low in 43 (93.5%) meta-analyses, moderate in two (4.3%), and high in one (2.2%): reduction of depressive symptoms using psychosocial interventions for young adults only, and a combination of psychological and educational interventions in primary care had moderate credibility; preventive administration of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for depressive disorders in individuals with a stroke had high credibility. Limitations: Intervention heterogeneity and lack of long-term efficacy evaluation. Conclusions: Primary preventive interventions for depression might be effective. Among them, clinicians may offer SSRIs post-stroke to prevent depressive disorders, and psychosocial interventions for children/adolescents/young adults with risk factors or during the prenatal
Published: 2021

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