Search

Nonprofit community service organisations have operated in Australia as values-based, mission-driven social services since colonisation. By the 1990s, the effects of neo-liberal government policies such as greater emphasis on competition for funds; outputs-based contracts; and enforcement of more stringent accountability and compliance regimes, had started to significantly impact their operations. In this context one of the changes identified in the media of the time was the increasing appointment of ex-senior public servants and ex-corporate business managers to management and CEO positions in nonprofit organisations. The suggestion was that the sector needed to look beyond its own workforce for superior financial and organisational management skills. In the light of the emerging recruitment trend reported in the media, this thesis identifies and analyses the role of organisational values in the recruitment and selection of managers and executives in nonprofit community service organisations. The study draws on the interdisciplinary sources of research and scholarship that focus on three themes: nonprofit organisations, values and careers. The methodology is developed from social constructivism and grounded research theory and involves analysis of the following three datasets. 1. A content analysis of 700 recruitment advertisements for nonprofit community service managers from 2002–08. One hundred advertisements were randomly selected from The Sydney Morning Herald for each year. SPSS, Statistica and Excel were used to analyse the multivariate data. A qualitative approach was also employed to see what other themes emerged from the content analysis. 2. An analysis of 22 in-depth interviews of newly appointed CEOs and the Chairs of their selection panels completed between 2005 and 2007. Organisations were selected in a purposeful sampling process based on organisational size, service type, location and the recent appointment of the CEO. The interviews were analysed u

Nonprofit community service organisations have operated in Australia as values-based, mission-driven social services since colonisation. By the 1990s, the effects of neo-liberal government policies such as greater emphasis on competition for funds; outputs-based contracts; and enforcement of more stringent accountability and compliance regimes, had started to significantly impact their operations. In this context one of the changes identified in the media of the time was the increasing appointment of ex-senior public servants and ex-corporate business managers to management and CEO positions in nonprofit organisations. The suggestion was that the sector needed to look beyond its own workforce for superior financial and organisational management skills. In the light of the emerging recruitment trend reported in the media, this thesis identifies and analyses the role of organisational values in the recruitment and selection of managers and executives in nonprofit community service organisations. The study draws on the interdisciplinary sources of research and scholarship that focus on three themes: nonprofit organisations, values and careers. The methodology is developed from social constructivism and grounded research theory and involves analysis of the following three datasets. 1. A content analysis of 700 recruitment advertisements for nonprofit community service managers from 2002–08. One hundred advertisements were randomly selected from The Sydney Morning Herald for each year. SPSS, Statistica and Excel were used to analyse the multivariate data. A qualitative approach was also employed to see what other themes emerged from the content analysis. 2. An analysis of 22 in-depth interviews of newly appointed CEOs and the Chairs of their selection panels completed between 2005 and 2007. Organisations were selected in a purposeful sampling process based on organisational size, service type, location and the recent appointment of the CEO. The interviews were analysed u

Costimulation mediated by the CD28 receptor has been shown to play an important role in the development of a vigorous T cell immune response. Nevertheless, CD28-deficient mice can mount effective T cell-dependent immune responses. These data suggest that other costimulatory molecules may play a role in T cell activation. In a search for other costimulatory receptors on T cells, we have characterized a monoclonal antibody (mAb) that can costimulate T cells in the absence of accessory cells. Similar to CD28 antibodies, this mAb, R2/60, was found to synergize with T cell receptor engagement in inducing proliferation. Independent ligation of CD3 and the ligand recognized by R2/60 results in T cell proliferation, suggesting that the two molecules do not have to colocalize to activate the R2/60 costimulatory pathway. R2/60 does not react with CD28, and furthermore, R2/60 costimulates in a CD28-independent fashion since the mAb costimulates T cells from the CD28-deficient mice as well as wild-type mice. Expression cloning of the R2/60 antigen identified the ligand as murine CD43. Together, these data demonstrate that CD43 can serve as a receptor on T cells that can provide CD28-independent costimulation.

Costimulation mediated by the CD28 receptor has been shown to play an important role in the development of a vigorous T cell immune response. Nevertheless, CD28-deficient mice can mount effective T cell-dependent immune responses. These data suggest that other costimulatory molecules may play a role in T cell activation. In a search for other costimulatory receptors on T cells, we have characterized a monoclonal antibody (mAb) that can costimulate T cells in the absence of accessory cells. Similar to CD28 antibodies, this mAb, R2/60, was found to synergize with T cell receptor engagement in inducing proliferation. Independent ligation of CD3 and the ligand recognized by R2/60 results in T cell proliferation, suggesting that the two molecules do not have to colocalize to activate the R2/60 costimulatory pathway. R2/60 does not react with CD28, and furthermore, R2/60 costimulates in a CD28-independent fashion since the mAb costimulates T cells from the CD28-deficient mice as well as wild-type mice. Expression cloning of the R2/60 antigen identified the ligand as murine CD43. Together, these data demonstrate that CD43 can serve as a receptor on T cells that can provide CD28-independent costimulation.