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In this paper, we present the spherically symmetric wormhole in Einstein's gravity coupling phantom field and nonlinear electromagnetic field. Numerical results show that this solution violates the Null Energy Condition (NEC), and as the parameters change, the ADM mass of the entire spacetime changes from positive to negative. In addition, we analyze the light ring (LR) of the solution and demonstrate the astronomical observation properties. Especially when negative mass appears, the general LR will not appear, only a ``special unstable LR" exists at the throat, which is caused by the repulsive effect of the negative mass on both sides of the wormhole. Finally, we draw the embedding diagram to reflect the geometric characteristics of the wormhole., Comment: 21 pages, 8 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2311.17557

In this paper, we study the spherically symmetric traversable wormholes with a scalar field supported by a phantom field in the anti-de Sitter (AdS) asymptotic spacetime. Despite coupling the scalar matter field, these wormholes remain massless and symmetric for reflection of the radial coordinate $r \rightarrow -r$. The solution possesses a finite Noether charge $Q$, which varies as a function of frequency $\omega$ with changes in the cosmological constant $\Lambda$ and the throat size $r_0$. Under specific conditions, an approximate ``event horizon'' will appear at the throat., Comment: 23 pages, 8 figures

We develop a symmetric traversable wormhole model, integrating Einstein's gravitational coupling phantom field and a nonlinear electromagnetic field. This work indicates the emergence of negative ADM mass within a specific parameter range, coinciding with distinct alterations in the wormhole's spacetime properties. Despite violating the Null Energy Condition (NEC) and other energy conditions, the solution exhibits unique characteristics in certain energy-momentum tensor components, potentially accounting for the manifestation of negative mass., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures

In this paper, we present the spherically symmetric Proca star in the presence of a phantom field and obtain a traversable wormhole solution for non-trivial topological spacetime. Using numerical methods, symmetric solutions and asymmetric solutions are obtained in two asymptotically flat regions. We find that when changing the throat size $r_{0}$, both the mass $M$ and the Noether charge $Q$ no longer have the spiral characteristics of an independent Proca star, furthermore, the asymmetric solution can be turned into the symmetric solution at some frequency $\omega$ in certain $r_{0}$. In particular, we find that when the frequency takes a certain value, for each solution, there is an extremely approximate black hole solution, and there is even a case where an event horizon appears on both sides of the wormhole throat., Comment: 32 pages, 19 figures

In this paper, we study the spherically symmetric Dirac star model in the presence of a phantom field, obtaining a traversable wormhole solution in non-trivial topological spacetime. This solution exhibits asymmetry in both the field configuration and the metric and possesses a finite ADM mass $M$ and Noether charge $Q$. Furthermore, we find that due to the presence of a wormhole at the center, this solution exhibits many differences from the Dirac star under trivial spacetime. Notably, when the wormhole throat size is small, our numerical calculations indicate the emergence of an extremely approximate black hole solution on one side of the wormhole spacetime, a phenomenon unexplored. At this time, the Kretschmann scalar near the throat tends to infinity, indicating the wormhole becomes untraversable., Comment: 32 pages, 23 figures

Denna slutrapport är resultatet av ett direktuppdrag som tilldelades RISE Research Institute of Sweden AB, efter avrop från ramavtal, av Energimyndigheten i maj 2023. Direktuppdraget är en delmängd av regeringsuppdraget ”Handlingsprogram för laddinfrastruktur och tankinfrastruktur för vätgas”. Uppdraget har genomförts av tre forskare från RISE under perioden juni till augusti år 2023 med en total budget på 250 029 kr. Det huvudsakliga syftet har varit att belysa sex teknik- och användartrender inom elektromobilitet som har potential att påverka utbyggnadsbehovet av laddinfrastruktur och tankinfrastruktur för vätgas. De sex teknik- och användartrenderna som identifierats är: Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X), batteribyten, laddhybrider 2.0, batteristorlek, bilpooler och vätgas. Teknik- och användartrenderna har analyserats individuellt genom omvärldsanalys där marknads- och teknikmognad, ledande länder/regioner och företag samt aktuell forskning är huvudsakliga källor. Vidare har varje teknik- och användartrend analyserats utifrån deras möjliga påverkan på utbyggnadsbehovet av laddinfrastruktur eller tankinfrastruktur för vätgas. I rapporten används begreppen DC snabbladdning och AC destinationsladdning. DC snabbladdning utgår ifrån EU:s definition vilket inkluderar DC laddning över 50 kW, i denna rapport innefattas även DC laddning över 150 kW vilket av EU benämns som Ultrasnabbladdning1. AC destinationsladdning syftar i denna rapport på AC laddning på upp till 22 kW, vilket av EU klassificeras som långsam (upp till 7,4 kW) och mediumsnabb AC laddning2. Arbetet bör ses som en övergripande nulägesbild över hur dessa teknik- och användartrender har utvecklats och en preliminär kvalitativ bedömning av dess möjliga påverkan på Sveriges framtida behov av infrastruktur för laddning och vätgas. För huvuddelen av teknik- och användartrenderna råder alltjämt stor osäkerhet kring framtida utveckling och den möjliga påverkan på utbyggnadsbehovet av laddinfrastruktur och tankinfrastr

Dual super massive black holes at sub-kpc to kpc scales, the product of galaxy mergers, are progenitors of eventually coalescing binary SMBHs. If both or one of the dual SMBHs are accreting, they may appear as dual AGNs or off-nucleus AGNs. Studying such systems is essential to learn the dynamical evolution of binary SMBHs as well as the process of galaxy merging. Recently a novel astrometry-based method named varstrometry has been put forward to search for dual SMBHs at high redshift, as the unsynchronized flux variability of dual AGNs (or off-nucleus AGNs) will cause astrometric jitters detectable by Gaia without spatially resolving them. Based on Gaia varstrometry we select a rare sample of 5 radio loud quasars with clear Gaia astrometric jitters. With e-MERLIN observations we have revealed a single compact radio source for each of them. Remarkably all but one exhibit clear Gaia-radio offsets of ~ 9 -- 60 mas. The observed Gaia jitters appear consistent with the expected values. These detected Gaia-radio offsets suggest these candidate dual SMBHs may have projected separations as small as ~ 0.01 -- 0.1'' (~ 0.1 kpc, depending on the optical flux ratio of two SMBHs). Meanwhile, this work highlights the remarkably high efficiency of Gaia varstrometry selection of jittering sources., Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, 1 table; accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters

A simple prediction of the well-known unification model of active galactic nuclei is that a sample of sources should exhibit an anti-correlation between the solid angle of the dusty torus and of the ionization cone (as the sum of them shall equal 4$\pi$), which however has never been detected. In this work, we analyze the correlation between [OIII] 5007 narrow emission line equivalent width and $L_{\rm IR}(\lambda)/L_{\rm bol}$ for a large sample of luminous quasars. For the first time, we detect a clear intrinsic anti-correlation between them, which immediately verifies the torus/ionization-cone geometry in luminous quasars. More interestingly, the anti-correlation significantly weakens with increasing wavelength from $\sim$ 2 to 12 $\mu$m, and disappears at $\sim$ 12 $\mu$m. Simulations show a cool dust component (in addition to equatorial torus) with its strength positively correlating with the solid angle of the ionization cone is required to explain the observations. This shows that the polar dust seen in nearby active galaxies also exists in luminous quasars, with its contribution to total dust emission increasing with $\lambda$ (from $\sim$ 2 to 12 $\mu$m) and reaching between 39%-62% (model dependent) at rest frame 12 $\mu$m. Our findings provide a unique approach to map the otherwise spatially unresolvable inner structure of quasars., Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS

The detection of flooded areas using high-resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery is a critical task with applications in crisis and disaster management, as well as environmental resource planning. However, the complex nature of SAR images presents a challenge that often leads to an overestimation of the flood extent. To address this issue, we propose a novel differential attention metric-based network (DAM-Net) in this study. The DAM-Net comprises two key components: a weight-sharing Siamese backbone to obtain multi-scale change features of multi-temporal images and tokens containing high-level semantic information of water-body changes, and a temporal differential fusion (TDF) module that integrates semantic tokens and change features to generate flood maps with reduced speckle noise. Specifically, the backbone is split into multiple stages. In each stage, we design three modules, namely, temporal-wise feature extraction (TWFE), cross-temporal change attention (CTCA), and temporal-aware change enhancement (TACE), to effectively extract the change features. In TACE of the last stage, we introduce a class token to record high-level semantic information of water-body changes via the attention mechanism. Another challenge faced by data-driven deep learning algorithms is the limited availability of flood detection datasets. To overcome this, we have created the S1GFloods open-source dataset, a global-scale high-resolution Sentinel-1 SAR image pairs dataset covering 46 global flood events between 2015 and 2022. The experiments on the S1GFloods dataset using the proposed DAM-Net showed top results compared to state-of-the-art methods in terms of overall accuracy, F1-score, and IoU, which reached 97.8%, 96.5%, and 93.2%, respectively. Our dataset and code will be available online at https://github.com/Tamer-Saleh/S1GFlood-Detection., Comment: 16 pages, 11 figures

Accurately recommending candidate news articles to users is a basic challenge faced by personalized news recommendation systems. Traditional methods are usually difficult to grasp the complex semantic information in news texts, resulting in unsatisfactory recommendation results. Besides, these traditional methods are more friendly to active users with rich historical behaviors. However, they can not effectively solve the "long tail problem" of inactive users. To address these issues, this research presents a novel general framework that combines Large Language Models (LLM) and Knowledge Graphs (KG) into semantic representations of traditional methods. In order to improve semantic understanding in complex news texts, we use LLMs' powerful text understanding ability to generate news representations containing rich semantic information. In addition, our method combines the information about news entities and mines high-order structural information through multiple hops in KG, thus alleviating the challenge of long tail distribution. Experimental results demonstrate that compared with various traditional models, the framework significantly improves the recommendation effect. The successful integration of LLM and KG in our framework has established a feasible path for achieving more accurate personalized recommendations in the news field. Our code is available at https://github.com/Xuan-ZW/LKPNR.

In the financial market, predicting stock trends based on stock market news is a challenging task, and researchers are devoted to developing forecasting models. From the existing literature, the performance of the forecasting model is better when news sentiment and technical analysis are considered than when only one of them is used. However, analyzing news sentiment for trend forecasting is a difficult task, especially for Chinese news, because it is unstructured data and extracting the most important features is difficult. Moreover, positive or negative news does not always affect stock prices in a certain way. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an approach to build an ensemble classifier using sentiment in Chinese news at sentence level and technical indicators to predict stock trends. In the training stages, we first divide each news item into a set of sentences. TextRank and word2vec are then used to generate a predefined number of key sentences. The sentiment scores of these key sentences are computed using the given financial lexicon. The sentiment values of the key phrases, the three values of the technical indicators and the stock trend label are merged as a training instance. Based on the sentiment values of the key sets, the corpora are divided into positive and negative news datasets. The two datasets formed are then used to build positive and negative stock trend prediction models using the support vector machine. To increase the reliability of the prediction model, a third classifier is created using the Bollinger Bands. These three classifiers are combined to form an ensemble classifier. In the testing phase, a voting mechanism is used with the trained ensemble classifier to make the final decision based on the trading signals generated by the three classifiers. Finally, experiments were conducted on five years of news and stock prices of one company to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach, and results show that the accuracy and P / L rat

It's a puzzle game where you navigate a maze of work to get to the sign in machine and clock in on time. The map is built around doors, keys, and enemies. In order to move further into the work place, you will have to collect keys and choose which doors to open to get to the end. There will also be enemies, which will take away a certain amount of health every time you attack. There are health potions to accommodate, but this is part of the puzzle aspect of the whole game

Wine is an exciting and complex product with distinctive qualities that makes it different from other manufactured products. Therefore, the testing approach to determine the quality of wine is complex and diverse. Several elements influence wine quality, but the views of experts can cause the most considerable influence on how people view the quality of wine. The views of experts on quality is very subjective, and may not match the taste of consumer. In addition, the experts may not always be available for the wine testing. To overcome this issue, many approaches based on machine learning techniques that get the attention of the wine industry have been proposed to solve it. However, they focused only on using a particular classifier with a specific set of wine dataset. In this paper, we thus firstly propose the generalized wine quality prediction framework to provide a mechanism for finding a useful hybrid model for wine quality prediction. Secondly, based on the framework, the generalized wine quality prediction algorithm using the genetic algorithms is proposed. It first encodes the classifiers as well as their hyperparameters into a chromosome. The fitness of a chromosome is then evaluated by the average accuracy of the employed classifiers. The genetic operations are performed to generate new offspring. The evolution process is continuing until reaching the stop criteria. As a result, the proposed approach can automatically find an appropriate hybrid set of classifiers and their hyperparameters for optimizing the prediction result and independent on the dataset. At last, experiments on the wine datasets were made to show the merits and effectiveness of the proposed approach.

PR, IFPRI3; ISI; DCA; CRP2; 1 Fostering Climate-Resilient and Sustainable Food Supply, EPTD; PIM, CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM), Paddy rice agriculture plays an important role in food security and has a considerable influence on natural systems. In the context of climate change, understanding the nature and drivers of shifts in the northern limit of paddy rice (NLPR) is crucial for adaptation strategies and food security. However, quantitative studies on the effect of climate change on paddy rice distribution shifts have not been well performed. Here, we mapped the NLPR in China using Landsat imagery from 1984 to 2013, analyzed the latitudinal and elevational dynamics of the NLPR using Fishnet analysis, and explored the factors driving the changes in rice area across the NLPR regions using a linear regression model. Our results show that between 1984 and 2013, the NLPR shifted 24.93 km northward (the greatest movement was 88.01 km occurring at approximately 133° E) and elevational limits increased by 39.15 m (the greatest movement was 117.08 m occurring at approximately 129° E). While socioeconomic factors (e.g. benefits, policies, irrigation, and mulch) played significant roles in rice area changes, the changes in rice area across the NLPR regions had the strongest positive association with the increase in the previous temperature, indicating that rice cultivation in the NLPR regions has moved to higher latitudes over the 30 year study period to adapt to climate change. Our study highlighted that quantifying the interactions between climate change and crop production systems can facilitate a better understanding of the human responses to changes in the growing conditions in the face of climate change and ensuring regional and global food security.

In this report, emplectite (CuBiS2) semiconductor has been deposited on mesoporous TiO2 using gas–solid reaction method. For the first time, CuCl2 and BiCl3 are solution-coated on mesoporous TiO2 films, and thereafter reacted with H2S gas in an H2S atmosphere. The CuBiS2 film is further confirmed using X-ray diffraction; thus, demonstrating the pure phase of CuBiS2. CuBiS2 film shows high spectral absorption with an energy gap (E g) of 2.18 eV. Furthermore, devices have a structure consisting of FTO/compact-TiO2/mesoporous-TiO2/CuBiS2/P3HT/Ag have been fabricated and hence exhibit high photoresponse performance.

Ni-50at%Sc alloy was prepared by centrifugal casting method. Volume fraction, the actual content of B2-NiSc and second phase Ni2Sc in alloy were analyzed with an Image-Pro Plus software. The cooling rates for the solidified thin plate with thickness of 2.65mm, 1.2mm, 0.75mm and 0.35 mm are 1164, 2570, 4112 and 8811 K·s- 1, respectively. It is found that d=0.5 mm was an critical dimension which corresponds to an abrupt change in the solidification rate. It is also found that (Ni2Sc+NiSc)eutectic was dispersed at grain boundary or between dendritic arms due to the loss of Sc element during melting. While d＞ 0.5mm (corresponding to the thin plate with thickness of 0.75mm, 1.20mm and 2.65 mm), the solidification structure consists of primary phase B2-NiSc and (Ni2Sc+NiSc)eutectic. While d ＜ 0.5mm (corresponding to the thin plate with thickness of 0.35 mm), the solidification structure is composed of fine globular B2-NiSc and relatively small amounts of (Ni2Sc+NiSc)eutectic. Based on the phase volumetric analyzing of the microstructure with an Image-Pro Plus software, the loss of Sc element during melting was about 3.01~3.10 at%. The eutectic NiSc in the lamellar eutectic structure together with the primary phase B2-NiSc form a larger single phase NiSc, while Ni2Sc with the form of particles is distributed on the grain boundaries after (970 ℃, 72 h) homogenization heat treatment.

Development of efficient ocular drug delivery systems was still a challenging task. The objective of this article was to develop a thermosensitive PEG–PCL–PEG (PECE) hydrogel and investigate its potential application for ocular drug delivery of diclofenac sodium (DIC). PECE block polymers were synthesized by coupling MPEG-PCL co-polymer using IPDI reagent, and then its sol–gel transition as a function with temperature was investigated by a rheometer. The results showed that 30% (w/v) PECE aqueous solution exhibited sol–gel transition at approximately 35 °C. In vitro release profiles showed the entrapped DIC was sustained release from PECE hydrogels up to 7 days and the initial drug loading greatly effect on release behavior of DIC from PECE hydrogels. MTT assay results indicated that no matter PECE or 0.1% (w/v) DIC-loaded PECE hydrogels were nontoxic to HCEC and L929 cells after 24 h culturing. In vivo eye irritation test showed that the instillation of either 30% (w/v) PECE hydrogels or 0.1% (w/v) DIC-loaded PECE hydrogels to rabbit eye did not result in eye irritation within 72 h. In vivo results showed that the AUC0–48 h of 0.1% (w/v) DIC-loaded PECE hydrogels exhibited 1.6-fold increment as compared with that of commercial 0.1% (w/v) DIC eye drops, suggesting the better ophthalmic bioavailability could be obtained by the instillation of 0.1% (w/v) DIC-loaded PECE hydrogels.

A 70 day trial was conducted to investigate the effects of surfactin on growth, digestive enzyme activity, and antioxidant potential in the intestine of growth retarded marbled eels (Anguilla marmorata) at the elver stage. Six hundred and forty marbled eels at elver stage were randomly divided into four treatment groups with four replicates per group, and 40 fish per replicate. The dietary surfactin level of the four experimental diets was 0, 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, respectively. Final body weight, weight gain rate, survival rate, protease activity in the intestine, malondialdehyde level, total antioxidation capacity level, and activities of superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase in the intestine of fish, increased significantly with surfactin supplementation, and feed conversion rates improved significantly (P<0.05). No significant differences of growth performance, lipase activity (except in the 25 mg/kg surfactin supplementation group), amylase activity and CAT activities were found among surfactin supplemented groups (P>0.05). Results demonstrated that dietary surfactin supplementation could improve growth performance, some digestive enzyme activities, and antioxidant potential, in the intestine of growth retarded marbled eel at elver stage. Surfactin could be used as a dietary growth promoter for growth retarded eels.

Development of efficient ocular drug delivery systems was still a challenging task. The objective of this article was to develop a thermosensitive PEG–PCL–PEG (PECE) hydrogel and investigate its potential application for ocular drug delivery of diclofenac sodium (DIC). PECE block polymers were synthesized by coupling MPEG-PCL co-polymer using IPDI reagent, and then its sol–gel transition as a function with temperature was investigated by a rheometer. The results showed that 30% (w/v) PECE aqueous solution exhibited sol–gel transition at approximately 35 °C. In vitro release profiles showed the entrapped DIC was sustained release from PECE hydrogels up to 7 days and the initial drug loading greatly effect on release behavior of DIC from PECE hydrogels. MTT assay results indicated that no matter PECE or 0.1% (w/v) DIC-loaded PECE hydrogels were nontoxic to HCEC and L929 cells after 24 h culturing. In vivo eye irritation test showed that the instillation of either 30% (w/v) PECE hydrogels or 0.1% (w/v) DIC-loaded PECE hydrogels to rabbit eye did not result in eye irritation within 72 h. In vivo results showed that the AUC0–48 h of 0.1% (w/v) DIC-loaded PECE hydrogels exhibited 1.6-fold increment as compared with that of commercial 0.1% (w/v) DIC eye drops, suggesting the better ophthalmic bioavailability could be obtained by the instillation of 0.1% (w/v) DIC-loaded PECE hydrogels.

The glucocorticoid receptor (GR), a transcription factor regulating gene expression in a ligand-dependent fashion, is known for flexibility in adapting various ligands with their structures ranging from steroid to non-steroid. However, in our previous study, GR shows a stringent discrimination against a set of steroid ligands with highly similar structures for triggering its nuclear migration. In order to resolve this puzzle, we employed molecular docking simulations to investigate the origin of this structural discrimination. By analyzing the docking orientations and the related ligand–GR interaction patterns, we found that the hydrophilicity mismatch between the docking ligand and the GR ligand-binding site is the main cause combined with the steric hindrance and structural rigidness of these steroid ligands. Furthermore, we utilized this knowledge to rationalize how the structure–binding interaction of non-steroid ligands triggers GR nuclear migration with their structures available in Protein Data Bank.

In this study, the growth performance and apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude lipid (EE), gross energy (GE), phosphorus (P), essential amino acids (EAA), and nonessential amino acids (NEAA) for fish meal (local) (FM), soybean meal (SBM), rapeseed meal (RM), cottonseed meal (CM), peanut meal (PM), and extruded soybean (ESB) were determined for red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkia, (weight 5.43 ± 0.21 g), using a reference diet (RF) and test diets (70% RF diet plus 30% of tested ingredient) containing 0.1% Yttrium oxide as an inert marker. The results showed that there was no significant difference in SGR, FCR, and survival among all groups (P>0.05). Apparent digestibility of DM, CP, EE, P, and GE of six feed ingredients ranged from 62.8 to 71.4%, 71.2 to 90.3%, 44.2 to 92.1%, 70.1 to 83.9% and 40.3 to 63.5 %, respectively. From the data for the six feed ingredients, SBM was found to contain the highest ADCs levels in DM (71.4%) and GE (83.9%). FM recorded the highest ADC in EE (92.1%), while PM and CM had the highest ADCs of CP (90.3%), and P (63.5%), respectively. The lowest apparent digestibility of DM, CP, and GE was found in RM, the lowest apparent digestibility of EE was found in ESB, and FM had the lowest ADC of amino acids. Based on the current findings, SBM, CM, and PM could be considered potential substitutes for FM in diets for red swamp crayfish.

Development of efficient ocular drug delivery systems was still a challenging task. The objective of this article was to develop a thermosensitive PEG–PCL–PEG (PECE) hydrogel and investigate its potential application for ocular drug delivery of diclofenac sodium (DIC). PECE block polymers were synthesized by coupling MPEG-PCL co-polymer using IPDI reagent, and then its sol–gel transition as a function with temperature was investigated by a rheometer. The results showed that 30% (w/v) PECE aqueous solution exhibited sol–gel transition at approximately 35 °C. In vitro release profiles showed the entrapped DIC was sustained release from PECE hydrogels up to 7 days and the initial drug loading greatly effect on release behavior of DIC from PECE hydrogels. MTT assay results indicated that no matter PECE or 0.1% (w/v) DIC-loaded PECE hydrogels were nontoxic to HCEC and L929 cells after 24 h culturing. In vivo eye irritation test showed that the instillation of either 30% (w/v) PECE hydrogels or 0.1% (w/v) DIC-loaded PECE hydrogels to rabbit eye did not result in eye irritation within 72 h. In vivo results showed that the AUC0–48 h of 0.1% (w/v) DIC-loaded PECE hydrogels exhibited 1.6-fold increment as compared with that of commercial 0.1% (w/v) DIC eye drops, suggesting the better ophthalmic bioavailability could be obtained by the instillation of 0.1% (w/v) DIC-loaded PECE hydrogels.

Tsung-Lin Tsai,1,5 Chia-Cheng Hou,1,5 Hao-Chen Wang,1,5 Zih-Syuan Yang,2 Chen-Sheng Yeh,4 Dar-Bin Shieh,2,3 Wu-Chou Su1,51Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 2Institute of Oral Medicine and Department of Stomatology, 3Center for Micro/Nano Science and Technology, 4Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; 5Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, TaiwanAbstract: Gold nanoparticles modified with the nuclear localization signal from simian virus 40 large T antigen (GNP-PEG/SV40) accumulate on the cytoplasmic side of the nuclear membrane in HeLa cells. Accumulation of GNP-PEG/SV40 around the nucleus blocks nucleocytoplasmic transport and prevents RNA export and nuclear shuttling of signaling proteins. This long-term blockage of nucleocytoplasmic transport results in cell death. This cell death is not caused by apoptosis or necrosis because caspases 3 and 9 are not activated, and the expression of annexin V/propidium iodide is not enhanced in HeLa cells after treatment. Using transmission electron microscopy, autophagosomes and autolysosomes were seen to appear after 72 hours of treatment with GNP-PEG/SV40. Increasing levels of enhanced green fluorescent protein-microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (EGFP-LC3)-positive punctate and LC3-II confirmed GNP-PEG/SV40-induced autophagy. In SiHa cells, treatment did not induce accumulation of GNP-PEG/SV40 around the nucleus and autophagy. Treating cells with wheat germ agglutinin, a nuclear pore complex inhibitor, induced autophagy in both HeLa and SiHa cells. GNP-PEG/SV40-induced autophagy plays a role in cell death, not survival, and virus-mediated small hairpin RNA silencing of Beclin-1 attenuates cell death. Taken together, the results indicate that long-term blockade of nucleocytoplasmic transport results in autophagic cell death.Keywords: gold nanoparticles, nucleocytoplasmic transport blo

In this paper, instabilities and bifurcation behavior in a DC–DC digitally controlled voltagemode synchronous buck converter (SBC) are studied. The bifurcation diagram of the system under a proportional-integral (PI) compensation is presented. Following the system mathematical description in the continuous time domain, the z-domain pulse transfer function is derived in terms of system parameters. The stability range of the design parameter is obtained in closed form by using the Jury test combined with the describing function (DF) method. Experimental measurements from a laboratory prototype are used to validate the theoretical predictions and the numerical simulations., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

An important priority for the Sarawak State of Malaysia is ofproviding road networks to enhance connectivity and economic developmentthroughout the State. However, the more populated coastal areas along the SouthChina Sea are covered by peat and other soft soil deposits. Construction of roads insuch areas requires extensive ground improvement by preloading that is timeconsuming and at times also expensive. Electro-osmotic consolidation is a wellknown ground improvement technique for improvement of fine grained soft soilswhere a direct current introduced into the soil induces electro-osmotic flow of waterfrom the anode to the cathode. Experiments were carried out in the laboratory to studythe feasibility of electro-osmotic consolidation of an organic soil sample from NorthSarawak. Commercially available prefabricated electric vertical drains were used aselectrodes. This paper presents the experimental set-up, geotechnical characterizationof the soil sample and the results of the tests conducted with incremental voltagegradient. Voltage and current were measured to assess the power consumption. Thewater content decreased and the shear strength increased significantly after 8 days ofelectrokinetic treatment. The results indicated a good potential for the application ofelectro-osmotic consolidation in organic soils.

This study aims to introduce alternative design procedures for a flexible pavement base course by utilizing ultimate strength criteria with the sophisticated laboratory results of base course materials. Based on the design protocol, only the design criteria of the horizontal tension and the vertical compression occur at the bottom of the asphalt layer and at the top of the subgrade, respectively are employed. The real behavior of a base course under traffic loads has been rarely accounted into the pavement design protocol. Nowadays, traffic is growing in terms of magnitude and frequency far beyond the past causing premature deterioration in base course layers leading to major damage in pavements. The study presents theoretically a more suitable approach of stress and strain distributions in a flexible pavement using the finite element method. The effects of uniform design pressure and material attributes generated when a vehicle travels, namely the stress and strain contributions between tires and pavement layers, were investigated. Moreover, new design criteria for an unbound granular layer were defined as the ultimate strength design and the bearing capacity factor resulting from the application of the shallow foundation bearing capacity concept within the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) results.

We study the fermionic T-duality symmetry of integrable Green-Schwarz sigma models on AdS backgrounds. We show that the sigma model on $AdS_5\times S^1$ background is self-dual under fermionic T-duality. We also construct new integrable sigma models on $AdS_2\times CP^n$. These backgrounds could be realized as supercosets of SU supergroups for arbitrary $n$, but could also be realized as supercosets of OSp supergroups for $n=1,3$. We find that the supercosets based on SU supergroups are self-dual under fermionic T-duality, while the supercosets based on OSp supergroups are not. However, the reasons of OSp supercosets being not self-dual under fermionic T-duality are different. For $OSp(6|2)$ case, corresponding to $AdS_2\times CP^3$ background, the failure is due to the singular fermionic quadratic terms, just like $AdS_4\times CP^3$ case. For $OSp(3|2)$ case, the failure is due to the shortage of right number of $\kappa$-symmetry to gauge away the fermionic degrees of freedom, even though the fermionic quadratic term is not singular any more. More general, for the supercosets of the OSp supergroups with superalgebra $B(n,m)$, including $AdS_2\times S^{2n}$ and $AdS_4\times S^{2n}$ backgrounds, the sigma models are not self-dual under fermionic T-duality as well, obstructed by the $\kappa$-symmetry., Comment: 17 pages; Clarfications on kappa symmetries, references added;Published version

Studies were done on a type of single stage base band switching network. Stress is laid on the introduction of its single stage storage/repeating structure. Analysis is made of its primary characteristics and limitations. We also derive calculations, and, in conjunction with this, simulate the primary system characteristics and parameters. After that, we put forward and, in conjunction, carry research a step further on base band switching network structures. Finally, there is a look ahead at application prospects associated with the networks., Trans. CAMA, China Astronautics and Missilery Abstracts, v3 n1 p6-14 1996.

With the development of new information technology, HRM also changes in many aspects, in which recruitment method has the greatest change, because online recruitment emerges and develops in many countries. While in China, there are fewer researches on online recruitment, not to mention the study on its development and problems, so this study aims to fill up with the gap between theoretical and practical. In this dissertation, there are totally five chapters. The main contents are included as: first is the introduction part, which includes the research background, research significance, and research aim and so on. Then the author discusses the literature review, which includes the definitions of online recruitment, method of online recruitment, the development of online recruitment, the reasons that online recruitment used by enterprises, online recruitment process and difficulties. Then in the research method part, firstly the author introduces the aim, research methods, the design of questionnaire and interviews, the limitations and so on. In the research findings part, the author analyzes the results of questionnaire and interview, and then these results will be discussed to answer the research questions which are proposed above. At last is the discussion and conclusion, which mainly contain the research conclusions and recommendations. Keyword: Online Recruitment; Development; Problems; Solutions; Human Resource Management

With the development of new information technology, HRM also changes in many aspects, in which recruitment method has the greatest change, because online recruitment emerges and develops in many countries. While in China, there are fewer researches on online recruitment, not to mention the study on its development and problems, so this study aims to fill up with the gap between theoretical and practical. In this dissertation, there are totally five chapters. The main contents are included as: first is the introduction part, which includes the research background, research significance, and research aim and so on. Then the author discusses the literature review, which includes the definitions of online recruitment, method of online recruitment, the development of online recruitment, the reasons that online recruitment used by enterprises, online recruitment process and difficulties. Then in the research method part, firstly the author introduces the aim, research methods, the design of questionnaire and interviews, the limitations and so on. In the research findings part, the author analyzes the results of questionnaire and interview, and then these results will be discussed to answer the research questions which are proposed above. At last is the discussion and conclusion, which mainly contain the research conclusions and recommendations. Keyword: Online Recruitment; Development; Problems; Solutions; Human Resource Management

With the development of new information technology, HRM also changes in many aspects, in which recruitment method has the greatest change, because online recruitment emerges and develops in many countries. While in China, there are fewer researches on online recruitment, not to mention the study on its development and problems, so this study aims to fill up with the gap between theoretical and practical. In this dissertation, there are totally five chapters. The main contents are included as: first is the introduction part, which includes the research background, research significance, and research aim and so on. Then the author discusses the literature review, which includes the definitions of online recruitment, method of online recruitment, the development of online recruitment, the reasons that online recruitment used by enterprises, online recruitment process and difficulties. Then in the research method part, firstly the author introduces the aim, research methods, the design of questionnaire and interviews, the limitations and so on. In the research findings part, the author analyzes the results of questionnaire and interview, and then these results will be discussed to answer the research questions which are proposed above. At last is the discussion and conclusion, which mainly contain the research conclusions and recommendations. Keyword: Online Recruitment; Development; Problems; Solutions; Human Resource Management

With the development of new information technology, HRM also changes in many aspects, in which recruitment method has the greatest change, because online recruitment emerges and develops in many countries. While in China, there are fewer researches on online recruitment, not to mention the study on its development and problems, so this study aims to fill up with the gap between theoretical and practical. In this dissertation, there are totally five chapters. The main contents are included as: first is the introduction part, which includes the research background, research significance, and research aim and so on. Then the author discusses the literature review, which includes the definitions of online recruitment, method of online recruitment, the development of online recruitment, the reasons that online recruitment used by enterprises, online recruitment process and difficulties. Then in the research method part, firstly the author introduces the aim, research methods, the design of questionnaire and interviews, the limitations and so on. In the research findings part, the author analyzes the results of questionnaire and interview, and then these results will be discussed to answer the research questions which are proposed above. At last is the discussion and conclusion, which mainly contain the research conclusions and recommendations. Keyword: Online Recruitment; Development; Problems; Solutions; Human Resource Management

This study investigates the impact of SVB crisis on the banking and technology sectors of Israel. There are many research papers that have investigated the impact of SVB crisis on the global equity markets. However, there is none that has done a sectoral analysis on the countries that are impacted by the collapse of SVB. By using event study methodology, the results of this paper have shown that the banking sector is negatively impacted at the beginning of the collapse of the SVB but turns to positively impacted after few days of the collapse of the SVB and the technology sector is positively impacted from the collapse of SVB. The results also proved that financial contagion is present and the banking and technology sector of Israel are not efficient during the SVB crisis. Furthermore, the results prove that the impact of SVB crisis is different for both the banking and technology sectors of Israel. This paper purposed that investors should short sell or not include the banking stocks in the portfolio for the first two days after the collapse of SVB and should include the banking stocks in the portfolio starting from the third day after SVB has collapse to increase expected returns of the portfolio. Besides that, the results suggest that investors should invest more in the technology sector after the collapse of SVB compared to the period before the collapse of SVB.