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Europese Unie een Aalherstelplan aangenomen. In de nationale beheersplannen moet hiervoor worden aangegeven welke maatregelen voor herstel van het aalbestand worden ingevoerd en welke effecten die maatregelen op het aalbestand zullen hebben. Voor het aalherstelplan wordt Nederland verplicht de vangsten van beroepsvissers te registreren. Hiervoor moeten zowel de totale gevangen hoeveelheid aal als de samenstelling van de vangsten geregistreerd worden. Dit houdt in dat vangsten bij vissers door het hele land bemonsterd moeten worden. Dit datarapport geeft een samenvatting van de gegevens die verzameld zijn van aal bij beroepsvissers gedurende 2011-2017 voor lengtemetingen en 2009-2017 voor biologische gegevens. De gegevens worden gebruikt in de modellen die ten grondslag liggen aan het advies over de voortgang van het nationale aalbeheerplan voor Nederland. In deze rapportage worden lengtegegevens en biologische gegevens gepresenteerd uit de marktbemonstering aal. Voor de biologische gegevens worden lengte-gewicht relatie, aandeel mannetje vrouwtje, aandeel schieraal, aandeel zwemblaasparasiet en bepaling leeftijden van aal gepresenteerd. Deze gegevens worden gebruikt in de modellen om de effectiviteit van maatregelen in relatie tot beheerdoelen opgesteld door de Raad van de Europese Unie te evalueren. Deze modellen worden kort besproken.

The soil of several floodplain areas along large European rivers shows increased levels of heavy metals as a relict from past sedimentation of contaminants. These levels may pose risks of accumulation in food webs and toxicologic effects on flora and fauna. However, for floodplains, data on heavy-metal concentrations in vertebrates are scarce. Moreover, these environments are characterised by periodical flooding cycles influencing ecologic processes and patterns. To investigate whether the suggested differences in accumulation risks for insectivores and carnivores, omnivores, and herbivores are reflected in the actual heavy-metal concentrations in the species, we measured the current levels of Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cd in 199 specimens of 7 small mammal species (voles, mice, and shrews) and in their habitats in a diffusely polluted floodplain. The highest metal concentrations were found in the insectivorous and carnivorous shrew, Sorex araneus. Significant differences between the other shrew species, Crocidura russula, and the vole and mouse species was only found for Cd. The Cu concentration in Clethrionomys glareolus, however, was significantly higher than in several other vole and mouse species. To explain the metal concentrations found in the specimens, we related them to environmental variables at the trapping locations and to certain characteristics of the mammals. Variables taken into account were soil total and CaCl2-extractable metal concentrations at the trapping locations; whether locations were flooded or nonflooded; the trapping season; and the life stage; sex; and fresh weight of the specimens. Correlations between body and soil concentrations and location or specimen characteristics were weak. Therefore; we assumed that exposure of small mammals to heavy-metal contamination in floodplains is significantly influenced by exposure time, which is age related, as well as by dispersal and changes in foraging and feeding patterns under influence of periodic floodin

The soil of several floodplain areas along large European rivers shows increased levels of heavy metals as a relict from past sedimentation of contaminants. These levels may pose risks of accumulation in food webs and toxicologic effects on flora and fauna. However, for floodplains, data on heavy-metal concentrations in vertebrates are scarce. Moreover, these environments are characterised by periodical flooding cycles influencing ecologic processes and patterns. To investigate whether the suggested differences in accumulation risks for insectivores and carnivores, omnivores, and herbivores are reflected in the actual heavy-metal concentrations in the species, we measured the current levels of Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cd in 199 specimens of 7 small mammal species (voles, mice, and shrews) and in their habitats in a diffusely polluted floodplain. The highest metal concentrations were found in the insectivorous and carnivorous shrew, Sorex araneus. Significant differences between the other shrew species, Crocidura russula, and the vole and mouse species was only found for Cd. The Cu concentration in Clethrionomys glareolus, however, was significantly higher than in several other vole and mouse species. To explain the metal concentrations found in the specimens, we related them to environmental variables at the trapping locations and to certain characteristics of the mammals. Variables taken into account were soil total and CaCl2-extractable metal concentrations at the trapping locations; whether locations were flooded or nonflooded; the trapping season; and the life stage; sex; and fresh weight of the specimens. Correlations between body and soil concentrations and location or specimen characteristics were weak. Therefore; we assumed that exposure of small mammals to heavy-metal contamination in floodplains is significantly influenced by exposure time, which is age related, as well as by dispersal and changes in foraging and feeding patterns under influence of periodic floodin