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12 results on '"MARTIN, LARRY D."'

1. Species-specific responses of Late Quaternary megafauna to climate and humans

Author

Lorenzen, Eline D., Nogues-Bravo, David, Orlando, Ludovic, Weinstock, Jaco, Binladen, Jonas, Marske, Katharine A., Ugan, Andrew, Borregaard, Michael K., Gilbert, M. Thomas P., Nielsen, Rasmus, Ho, Simon Y. W., Goebel, Ted, Graf, Kelly E., Byers, David, Stenderup, Jesper T., Rasmussen, Morten, Campos, Paula F., Leonard, Jennifer A., Koepfli, Klaus-Peter, Froese, Duane, Zazula, Grant, Stafford, Thomas W., Jr., Aaris-Sorensen, Kim, Batra, Persaram, Haywood, Alan M., Singarayer, Joy S., Valdes, Paul J., Boeskorov, Gennady, Burns, James A., Davydov, Sergey P., Haile, James, Jenkins, Dennis L., Kosintsev, Pavel, Kuznetsova, Tatyana, Lai, Xulong, Martin, Larry D., McDonald, H. Gregory, Mol, Dick, Meldgaard, Morten, Munch, Kasper, Stephan, Elisabeth, Sablin, Mikhail, Sommer, Robert S., Sipko, Taras, Scott, Eric, Suchard, Marc A., Tikhonov, Alexei, Willerslev, Rane, Wayne, Robert K., Cooper, Alan, Hofreiter, Michael, Sher, Andrei, Shapiro, Beth, Rahbek, Carsten, Willerslev, Eske, Lorenzen, Eline D., Nogues-Bravo, David, Orlando, Ludovic, Weinstock, Jaco, Binladen, Jonas, Marske, Katharine A., Ugan, Andrew, Borregaard, Michael K., Gilbert, M. Thomas P., Nielsen, Rasmus, Ho, Simon Y. W., Goebel, Ted, Graf, Kelly E., Byers, David, Stenderup, Jesper T., Rasmussen, Morten, Campos, Paula F., Leonard, Jennifer A., Koepfli, Klaus-Peter, Froese, Duane, Zazula, Grant, Stafford, Thomas W., Jr., Aaris-Sorensen, Kim, Batra, Persaram, Haywood, Alan M., Singarayer, Joy S., Valdes, Paul J., Boeskorov, Gennady, Burns, James A., Davydov, Sergey P., Haile, James, Jenkins, Dennis L., Kosintsev, Pavel, Kuznetsova, Tatyana, Lai, Xulong, Martin, Larry D., McDonald, H. Gregory, Mol, Dick, Meldgaard, Morten, Munch, Kasper, Stephan, Elisabeth, Sablin, Mikhail, Sommer, Robert S., Sipko, Taras, Scott, Eric, Suchard, Marc A., Tikhonov, Alexei, Willerslev, Rane, Wayne, Robert K., Cooper, Alan, Hofreiter, Michael, Sher, Andrei, Shapiro, Beth, Rahbek, Carsten, and Willerslev, Eske

Abstract

Despite decades of research, the roles of climate and humans in driving the dramatic extinctions of large-bodied mammals during the Late Quaternary period remain contentious. Here we use ancient DNA, species distribution models and the human fossil record to elucidate how climate and humans shaped the demographic history of woolly rhinoceros, woolly mammoth, wild horse, reindeer, bison and musk ox. We show that climate has been a major driver of population change over the past 50,000 years. However, each species responds differently to the effects of climatic shifts, habitat redistribution and human encroachment. Although climate change alone can explain the extinction of some species, such as Eurasian musk ox and woolly rhinoceros, a combination of climatic and anthropogenic effects appears to be responsible for the extinction of others, including Eurasian steppe bison and wild horse. We find no genetic signature or any distinctive range dynamics distinguishing extinct from surviving species, emphasizing the challenges associated with predicting future responses of extant mammals to climate and human-mediated habitat change.

Published
2011
Full Text
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2. Species-specific responses of Late Quaternary megafauna to climate and humans

Author

Lorenzen, Eline, Nogues, David Bravo, Orlando, Ludovic Antoine Alexandre, Weinstock Arenovitz, Jacobo, Binladen, Jonas Khalid Mohamed Awad, Marske, Katharine Ann, Ugan, Andrew, Borregaard, Michael Krabbe, Gilbert, M. Thomas P., Nielsen, Rasmus, Ho, Simon Y. W., Goebel, Ted, Graf, Kelly E., Byers, David, Stenderup, Jesper, Rasmussen, Morten, Campos, Paula, Leonard, Jennifer A., Koepfli, Klaus-Peter, Froese, Duane, Zazula, Grant, Stafford jr., Thomas, Aaris-Sørensen, Kim, Batra, Persaram, Haywood, Alan M., Singarayer, Joy S., Valdes, Paul J., Boeskorov, Gennady, Burns, James A., Davydov, Sergey P., Haile, James Seymour, Jenkins, Dennis L., Kosintsev, Pavel, Kuznetsova, Tatyana, Lai, Xulong, Martin, Larry D., McDonald, H. Gregory, Mol, Dick, Meldgaard, Morten, Munch, Kasper, Stephan, Elisabeth, Sablin, Mikhail, Sommer, Robert S., Sipko, Taras, Scott, Eric, Suchard, Marc A., Tikhonov, Alexei, Willerslev, Rane, Wayne, Robert K., Cooper, Alan, Hofreiter, Michael, Sher, Andrei, Shapiro, Beth, Rahbek, Carsten, Willerslev, Eske, Lorenzen, Eline, Nogues, David Bravo, Orlando, Ludovic Antoine Alexandre, Weinstock Arenovitz, Jacobo, Binladen, Jonas Khalid Mohamed Awad, Marske, Katharine Ann, Ugan, Andrew, Borregaard, Michael Krabbe, Gilbert, M. Thomas P., Nielsen, Rasmus, Ho, Simon Y. W., Goebel, Ted, Graf, Kelly E., Byers, David, Stenderup, Jesper, Rasmussen, Morten, Campos, Paula, Leonard, Jennifer A., Koepfli, Klaus-Peter, Froese, Duane, Zazula, Grant, Stafford jr., Thomas, Aaris-Sørensen, Kim, Batra, Persaram, Haywood, Alan M., Singarayer, Joy S., Valdes, Paul J., Boeskorov, Gennady, Burns, James A., Davydov, Sergey P., Haile, James Seymour, Jenkins, Dennis L., Kosintsev, Pavel, Kuznetsova, Tatyana, Lai, Xulong, Martin, Larry D., McDonald, H. Gregory, Mol, Dick, Meldgaard, Morten, Munch, Kasper, Stephan, Elisabeth, Sablin, Mikhail, Sommer, Robert S., Sipko, Taras, Scott, Eric, Suchard, Marc A., Tikhonov, Alexei, Willerslev, Rane, Wayne, Robert K., Cooper, Alan, Hofreiter, Michael, Sher, Andrei, Shapiro, Beth, Rahbek, Carsten, and Willerslev, Eske

Abstract

Despite decades of research, the roles of climate and humans in driving the dramatic extinctions of large-bodied mammals during the Late Quaternary period remain contentious. Here we use ancient DNA, species distribution models and the human fossil record to elucidate how climate and humans shaped the demographic history of woolly rhinoceros, woolly mammoth, wild horse, reindeer, bison and musk ox. We show that climate has been a major driver of population change over the past 50,000 years. However, each species responds differently to the effects of climatic shifts, habitat redistribution and human encroachment. Although climate change alone can explain the extinction of some species, such as Eurasian musk ox and woolly rhinoceros, a combination of climatic and anthropogenic effects appears to be responsible for the extinction of others, including Eurasian steppe bison and wild horse. We find no genetic signature or any distinctive range dynamics distinguishing extinct from surviving species, emphasizing the challenges associated with predicting future responses of extant mammals to climate and human-mediated habitat change.

Published
2011

3. Species-specific responses of Late Quaternary megafauna to climate and humans

Author

Lorenzen, Eline, Nogues, David Bravo, Orlando, Ludovic Antoine Alexandre, Weinstock Arenovitz, Jacobo, Binladen, Jonas Khalid Mohamed Awad, Marske, Katharine Ann, Ugan, Andrew, Borregaard, Michael Krabbe, Gilbert, M. Thomas P., Nielsen, Rasmus, Ho, Simon Y. W., Goebel, Ted, Graf, Kelly E., Byers, David, Stenderup, Jesper, Rasmussen, Morten, Campos, Paula, Leonard, Jennifer A., Koepfli, Klaus-Peter, Froese, Duane, Zazula, Grant, Stafford jr., Thomas, Aaris-Sørensen, Kim, Batra, Persaram, Haywood, Alan M., Singarayer, Joy S., Valdes, Paul J., Boeskorov, Gennady, Burns, James A., Davydov, Sergey P., Haile, James Seymour, Jenkins, Dennis L., Kosintsev, Pavel, Kuznetsova, Tatyana, Lai, Xulong, Martin, Larry D., McDonald, H. Gregory, Mol, Dick, Meldgaard, Morten, Munch, Kasper, Stephan, Elisabeth, Sablin, Mikhail, Sommer, Robert S., Sipko, Taras, Scott, Eric, Suchard, Marc A., Tikhonov, Alexei, Willerslev, Rane, Wayne, Robert K., Cooper, Alan, Hofreiter, Michael, Sher, Andrei, Shapiro, Beth, Rahbek, Carsten, Willerslev, Eske, Lorenzen, Eline, Nogues, David Bravo, Orlando, Ludovic Antoine Alexandre, Weinstock Arenovitz, Jacobo, Binladen, Jonas Khalid Mohamed Awad, Marske, Katharine Ann, Ugan, Andrew, Borregaard, Michael Krabbe, Gilbert, M. Thomas P., Nielsen, Rasmus, Ho, Simon Y. W., Goebel, Ted, Graf, Kelly E., Byers, David, Stenderup, Jesper, Rasmussen, Morten, Campos, Paula, Leonard, Jennifer A., Koepfli, Klaus-Peter, Froese, Duane, Zazula, Grant, Stafford jr., Thomas, Aaris-Sørensen, Kim, Batra, Persaram, Haywood, Alan M., Singarayer, Joy S., Valdes, Paul J., Boeskorov, Gennady, Burns, James A., Davydov, Sergey P., Haile, James Seymour, Jenkins, Dennis L., Kosintsev, Pavel, Kuznetsova, Tatyana, Lai, Xulong, Martin, Larry D., McDonald, H. Gregory, Mol, Dick, Meldgaard, Morten, Munch, Kasper, Stephan, Elisabeth, Sablin, Mikhail, Sommer, Robert S., Sipko, Taras, Scott, Eric, Suchard, Marc A., Tikhonov, Alexei, Willerslev, Rane, Wayne, Robert K., Cooper, Alan, Hofreiter, Michael, Sher, Andrei, Shapiro, Beth, Rahbek, Carsten, and Willerslev, Eske

Abstract

Despite decades of research, the roles of climate and humans in driving the dramatic extinctions of large-bodied mammals during the Late Quaternary period remain contentious. Here we use ancient DNA, species distribution models and the human fossil record to elucidate how climate and humans shaped the demographic history of woolly rhinoceros, woolly mammoth, wild horse, reindeer, bison and musk ox. We show that climate has been a major driver of population change over the past 50,000 years. However, each species responds differently to the effects of climatic shifts, habitat redistribution and human encroachment. Although climate change alone can explain the extinction of some species, such as Eurasian musk ox and woolly rhinoceros, a combination of climatic and anthropogenic effects appears to be responsible for the extinction of others, including Eurasian steppe bison and wild horse. We find no genetic signature or any distinctive range dynamics distinguishing extinct from surviving species, emphasizing the challenges associated with predicting future responses of extant mammals to climate and human-mediated habitat change.

Published
2011

4. Species-specific responses of Late Quaternary megafauna to climate and humans

Author

Lorenzen, Eline, Nogues, David Bravo, Orlando, Ludovic Antoine Alexandre, Weinstock Arenovitz, Jacobo, Binladen, Jonas Khalid Mohamed Awad, Marske, Katharine Ann, Ugan, Andrew, Borregaard, Michael Krabbe, Gilbert, M. Thomas P., Nielsen, Rasmus, Ho, Simon Y. W., Goebel, Ted, Graf, Kelly E., Byers, David, Stenderup, Jesper, Rasmussen, Morten, Campos, Paula, Leonard, Jennifer A., Koepfli, Klaus-Peter, Froese, Duane, Zazula, Grant, Stafford jr., Thomas, Aaris-Sørensen, Kim, Batra, Persaram, Haywood, Alan M., Singarayer, Joy S., Valdes, Paul J., Boeskorov, Gennady, Burns, James A., Davydov, Sergey P., Haile, James Seymour, Jenkins, Dennis L., Kosintsev, Pavel, Kuznetsova, Tatyana, Lai, Xulong, Martin, Larry D., McDonald, H. Gregory, Mol, Dick, Meldgaard, Morten, Munch, Kasper, Stephan, Elisabeth, Sablin, Mikhail, Sommer, Robert S., Sipko, Taras, Scott, Eric, Suchard, Marc A., Tikhonov, Alexei, Willerslev, Rane, Wayne, Robert K., Cooper, Alan, Hofreiter, Michael, Sher, Andrei, Shapiro, Beth, Rahbek, Carsten, Willerslev, Eske, Lorenzen, Eline, Nogues, David Bravo, Orlando, Ludovic Antoine Alexandre, Weinstock Arenovitz, Jacobo, Binladen, Jonas Khalid Mohamed Awad, Marske, Katharine Ann, Ugan, Andrew, Borregaard, Michael Krabbe, Gilbert, M. Thomas P., Nielsen, Rasmus, Ho, Simon Y. W., Goebel, Ted, Graf, Kelly E., Byers, David, Stenderup, Jesper, Rasmussen, Morten, Campos, Paula, Leonard, Jennifer A., Koepfli, Klaus-Peter, Froese, Duane, Zazula, Grant, Stafford jr., Thomas, Aaris-Sørensen, Kim, Batra, Persaram, Haywood, Alan M., Singarayer, Joy S., Valdes, Paul J., Boeskorov, Gennady, Burns, James A., Davydov, Sergey P., Haile, James Seymour, Jenkins, Dennis L., Kosintsev, Pavel, Kuznetsova, Tatyana, Lai, Xulong, Martin, Larry D., McDonald, H. Gregory, Mol, Dick, Meldgaard, Morten, Munch, Kasper, Stephan, Elisabeth, Sablin, Mikhail, Sommer, Robert S., Sipko, Taras, Scott, Eric, Suchard, Marc A., Tikhonov, Alexei, Willerslev, Rane, Wayne, Robert K., Cooper, Alan, Hofreiter, Michael, Sher, Andrei, Shapiro, Beth, Rahbek, Carsten, and Willerslev, Eske

Abstract

Despite decades of research, the roles of climate and humans in driving the dramatic extinctions of large-bodied mammals during the Late Quaternary period remain contentious. Here we use ancient DNA, species distribution models and the human fossil record to elucidate how climate and humans shaped the demographic history of woolly rhinoceros, woolly mammoth, wild horse, reindeer, bison and musk ox. We show that climate has been a major driver of population change over the past 50,000 years. However, each species responds differently to the effects of climatic shifts, habitat redistribution and human encroachment. Although climate change alone can explain the extinction of some species, such as Eurasian musk ox and woolly rhinoceros, a combination of climatic and anthropogenic effects appears to be responsible for the extinction of others, including Eurasian steppe bison and wild horse. We find no genetic signature or any distinctive range dynamics distinguishing extinct from surviving species, emphasizing the challenges associated with predicting future responses of extant mammals to climate and human-mediated habitat change.

Published
2011

5. The earliest North American record of the Antilocapridae (Artiodactyla, Mammalia)

Author

Beatty, Brian L., Beatty, Brian L., Martin, Larry D., Beatty, Brian L., Beatty, Brian L., and Martin, Larry D.

Abstract

The Family Antilocapridae is considered to have first appeared in the Early Hemingfordian of western North America. Here we report a mandible of a merycodontine antilocaprid from the Late Arikareean Harrison Formation of eastern Wyoming. The mandible has three lower molars preserved and mandibular ramus features that allow it to be differentiated from other contemporaneous selenodont artiodactyl families, yet the lack of detailed understanding of intraspecific variation in Paracosoryx and Merycodus warrant caution in assigning this to a genus. This new material predates the previous first appearance of antilocaprids by approximately 3–4 million years and suggests that antilocaprid immigration from Eurasian ruminant stock occurred earlier than previously assumed and that caution should be exercised when using first appearances in broader analyses.

Published
2009

6. The earliest North American record of the Antilocapridae (Artiodactyla, Mammalia)

Author

Beatty, Brian L., Beatty, Brian L., Martin, Larry D., Beatty, Brian L., Beatty, Brian L., and Martin, Larry D.

Abstract

The Family Antilocapridae is considered to have first appeared in the Early Hemingfordian of western North America. Here we report a mandible of a merycodontine antilocaprid from the Late Arikareean Harrison Formation of eastern Wyoming. The mandible has three lower molars preserved and mandibular ramus features that allow it to be differentiated from other contemporaneous selenodont artiodactyl families, yet the lack of detailed understanding of intraspecific variation in Paracosoryx and Merycodus warrant caution in assigning this to a genus. This new material predates the previous first appearance of antilocaprids by approximately 3–4 million years and suggests that antilocaprid immigration from Eurasian ruminant stock occurred earlier than previously assumed and that caution should be exercised when using first appearances in broader analyses.

Published
2009

7. Phylogeography of lions ( Panthera leo ssp.) reveals three distinct taxa and a late Pleistocene reduction in genetic diversity

Author

Barnett, Ross, Shapiro, Beth, Barnes, Ian, Ho, Simon, Burger, Joachim, Yamaguchi, Nobuyuki, Higham, Thomas F. G., Wheeler, H. Todd, Rosendahl, Wilfried, Sher, Andrei, Sotnikova, Marina, Kuznetsova, Tatiana, Baryshnikov, Gennady F., Martin, Larry D., Harington, C Richard, Burns, James A., Cooper, Alan, Barnett, Ross, Shapiro, Beth, Barnes, Ian, Ho, Simon, Burger, Joachim, Yamaguchi, Nobuyuki, Higham, Thomas F. G., Wheeler, H. Todd, Rosendahl, Wilfried, Sher, Andrei, Sotnikova, Marina, Kuznetsova, Tatiana, Baryshnikov, Gennady F., Martin, Larry D., Harington, C Richard, Burns, James A., and Cooper, Alan

Abstract

Lions were the most widespread carnivores in the late Pleistocene, ranging from southern Africa to the southern USA, but little is known about the evolutionary relationships among these Pleistocene populations or the dynamics that led to their extinction. Using ancient DNA techniques, we obtained mitochondrial sequences from 52 individuals sampled across the present and former range of lions. Phylogenetic analysis revealed three distinct clusters: (i) modern lions, Panthera leo; (ii) extinct Pleistocene cave lions, which formed a homogeneous population extending from Europe across Beringia (Siberia, Alaska and western Canada); and (iii) extinct American lions, which formed a separate population south of the Pleistocene ice sheets. The American lion appears to have become genetically isolated around 340 000 years ago, despite the apparent lack of significant barriers to gene flow with Beringian populations through much of the late Pleistocene. We found potential evidence of a severe population bottleneck in the cave lion during the previous interstadial, sometime after 48 000 years, adding to evidence from bison, mammoths, horses and brown bears that megafaunal populations underwent major genetic alterations throughout the last interstadial, potentially presaging the processes involved in the subsequent end-Pleistocene mass extinctions.

Published
2009

8. Phylogeography of lions (Panthera leossp.) reveals three distinct taxa and a late Pleistocene reduction in genetic diversity

Author

Barnett, Ross, Shapiro, Bet, Barnes, Ian, Ho, Simon Y. W., Burger, Joachim, Yamaguchi, Nobujuki, Hicham, Thomas F. G., Wheeler, H. Todd, Rosendahl, Wilfried, Sher, Andrei V., Sotnikova, Marina, Kuznetsova, Tatiana, Baryshnikov, Gennady F., Martin, Larry D., Harington, C. Richard, Burns, James A., Cooper, Alan, Barnett, Ross, Shapiro, Bet, Barnes, Ian, Ho, Simon Y. W., Burger, Joachim, Yamaguchi, Nobujuki, Hicham, Thomas F. G., Wheeler, H. Todd, Rosendahl, Wilfried, Sher, Andrei V., Sotnikova, Marina, Kuznetsova, Tatiana, Baryshnikov, Gennady F., Martin, Larry D., Harington, C. Richard, Burns, James A., and Cooper, Alan

Abstract

Lions were the most widespread carnivores in the late Pleistocene, ranging from southern Africa to the southern USA, but little is known about the evolutionary relationships among these Pleistocene populations or the dynamics that led to their extinction. Using ancient DNA techniques, we obtained mitochondrial sequences from 52 individuals sampled across the present and former range of lions. Phylogenetic analysis revealed three distinct clusters: (i) modern lions, Panthera leo; (ii) extinct Pleistocene cave lions, which formed a homogeneous population extending from Europe across Beringia (Siberia, Alaska and western Canada); and (iii) extinct American lions, which formed a separate population south of the Pleistocene ice sheets. The American lion appears to have become genetically isolated around 340 000 years ago, despite the apparent lack of significant barriers to gene flow with Beringian populations through much of the late Pleistocene. We found potential evidence of a severe population bottleneck in the cave lion during the previous interstadial, sometime after 48 000 years, adding to evidence from bison, mammoths, horses and brown bears that megafaunal populations underwent major genetic alterations throughout the last interstadial, potentially presaging the processes involved in the subsequent end-Pleistocene mass extinctions.

Published
2009
Full Text
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9. Phylogeography of lions (Panthera leossp.) reveals three distinct taxa and a late Pleistocene reduction in genetic diversity

Author

Barnett, Ross, Shapiro, Bet, Barnes, Ian, Ho, Simon Y. W., Burger, Joachim, Yamaguchi, Nobujuki, Hicham, Thomas F. G., Wheeler, H. Todd, Rosendahl, Wilfried, Sher, Andrei V., Sotnikova, Marina, Kuznetsova, Tatiana, Baryshnikov, Gennady F., Martin, Larry D., Harington, C. Richard, Burns, James A., Cooper, Alan, Barnett, Ross, Shapiro, Bet, Barnes, Ian, Ho, Simon Y. W., Burger, Joachim, Yamaguchi, Nobujuki, Hicham, Thomas F. G., Wheeler, H. Todd, Rosendahl, Wilfried, Sher, Andrei V., Sotnikova, Marina, Kuznetsova, Tatiana, Baryshnikov, Gennady F., Martin, Larry D., Harington, C. Richard, Burns, James A., and Cooper, Alan

Abstract

Lions were the most widespread carnivores in the late Pleistocene, ranging from southern Africa to the southern USA, but little is known about the evolutionary relationships among these Pleistocene populations or the dynamics that led to their extinction. Using ancient DNA techniques, we obtained mitochondrial sequences from 52 individuals sampled across the present and former range of lions. Phylogenetic analysis revealed three distinct clusters: (i) modern lions, Panthera leo; (ii) extinct Pleistocene cave lions, which formed a homogeneous population extending from Europe across Beringia (Siberia, Alaska and western Canada); and (iii) extinct American lions, which formed a separate population south of the Pleistocene ice sheets. The American lion appears to have become genetically isolated around 340 000 years ago, despite the apparent lack of significant barriers to gene flow with Beringian populations through much of the late Pleistocene. We found potential evidence of a severe population bottleneck in the cave lion during the previous interstadial, sometime after 48 000 years, adding to evidence from bison, mammoths, horses and brown bears that megafaunal populations underwent major genetic alterations throughout the last interstadial, potentially presaging the processes involved in the subsequent end-Pleistocene mass extinctions.

Published
2009
Full Text
View/download PDF

11. Rise and fall of the Beringian steppe bison.

Author

Shapiro, Beth, Shapiro, Beth, Drummond, Alexei J, Rambaut, Andrew, Wilson, Michael C, Matheus, Paul E, Sher, Andrei V, Pybus, Oliver G, Gilbert, M Thomas P, Barnes, Ian, Binladen, Jonas, Willerslev, Eske, Hansen, Anders J, Baryshnikov, Gennady F, Burns, James A, Davydov, Sergei, Driver, Jonathan C, Froese, Duane G, Harington, C Richard, Keddie, Grant, Kosintsev, Pavel, Kunz, Michael L, Martin, Larry D, Stephenson, Robert O, Storer, John, Tedford, Richard, Zimov, Sergei, Cooper, Alan, Shapiro, Beth, Shapiro, Beth, Drummond, Alexei J, Rambaut, Andrew, Wilson, Michael C, Matheus, Paul E, Sher, Andrei V, Pybus, Oliver G, Gilbert, M Thomas P, Barnes, Ian, Binladen, Jonas, Willerslev, Eske, Hansen, Anders J, Baryshnikov, Gennady F, Burns, James A, Davydov, Sergei, Driver, Jonathan C, Froese, Duane G, Harington, C Richard, Keddie, Grant, Kosintsev, Pavel, Kunz, Michael L, Martin, Larry D, Stephenson, Robert O, Storer, John, Tedford, Richard, Zimov, Sergei, and Cooper, Alan

Abstract

The widespread extinctions of large mammals at the end of the Pleistocene epoch have often been attributed to the depredations of humans; here we present genetic evidence that questions this assumption. We used ancient DNA and Bayesian techniques to reconstruct a detailed genetic history of bison throughout the late Pleistocene and Holocene epochs. Our analyses depict a large diverse population living throughout Beringia until around 37,000 years before the present, when the population's genetic diversity began to decline dramatically. The timing of this decline correlates with environmental changes associated with the onset of the last glacial cycle, whereas archaeological evidence does not support the presence of large populations of humans in Eastern Beringia until more than 15,000 years later.

Published
2004

12. Rise and fall of the Beringian steppe bison.

Author

Shapiro, Beth, Shapiro, Beth, Drummond, Alexei J, Rambaut, Andrew, Wilson, Michael C, Matheus, Paul E, Sher, Andrei V, Pybus, Oliver G, Gilbert, M Thomas P, Barnes, Ian, Binladen, Jonas, Willerslev, Eske, Hansen, Anders J, Baryshnikov, Gennady F, Burns, James A, Davydov, Sergei, Driver, Jonathan C, Froese, Duane G, Harington, C Richard, Keddie, Grant, Kosintsev, Pavel, Kunz, Michael L, Martin, Larry D, Stephenson, Robert O, Storer, John, Tedford, Richard, Zimov, Sergei, Cooper, Alan, Shapiro, Beth, Shapiro, Beth, Drummond, Alexei J, Rambaut, Andrew, Wilson, Michael C, Matheus, Paul E, Sher, Andrei V, Pybus, Oliver G, Gilbert, M Thomas P, Barnes, Ian, Binladen, Jonas, Willerslev, Eske, Hansen, Anders J, Baryshnikov, Gennady F, Burns, James A, Davydov, Sergei, Driver, Jonathan C, Froese, Duane G, Harington, C Richard, Keddie, Grant, Kosintsev, Pavel, Kunz, Michael L, Martin, Larry D, Stephenson, Robert O, Storer, John, Tedford, Richard, Zimov, Sergei, and Cooper, Alan

Abstract

The widespread extinctions of large mammals at the end of the Pleistocene epoch have often been attributed to the depredations of humans; here we present genetic evidence that questions this assumption. We used ancient DNA and Bayesian techniques to reconstruct a detailed genetic history of bison throughout the late Pleistocene and Holocene epochs. Our analyses depict a large diverse population living throughout Beringia until around 37,000 years before the present, when the population's genetic diversity began to decline dramatically. The timing of this decline correlates with environmental changes associated with the onset of the last glacial cycle, whereas archaeological evidence does not support the presence of large populations of humans in Eastern Beringia until more than 15,000 years later.

Published
2004

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