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FePt, FePd, CoPt, and CoPd in equilibrium exhibit the L1₀ structure with high perpendicular magnetic anisotropy making them attractive candidates for high-density magnetic recording. Magnetic properties of these films depend on the distribution and orientation of the L1₀ fraction controlled by diffusion on atomic scale. Epitaxial isotope-periodic natFePd/⁵⁷FePd alloy films were prepared by molecular beam epitaxy and heat treated at 500°C for various retention times. Isotope-sensitive non-destructive methods, neutron reflectometry and synchrotron Mössbauer reflectometry were applied to follow very short diffusion paths normal to the film plane. Squared diffusion lengths and diffusion profiles were obtained from the fitting of experimental reflectivity curves for each annealing treatment steps. The somewhat different diffusion lengths obtained for the neutron and synchrotronMössbauer reflectograms of the same samples are explained by the larger footprint of the sample in the neutron experiment for which interface inhomogeneities are to be averaged. Diffusion in the microscopically different local environments were modelled by piecewise constant diffusion coefficients in the regions identified as different species by conversion electron Mössbauer spectroscopy.

This paper presents results from a review of methods of agricultural extension, including the evidence for the effectiveness of methods in supporting farm practice change, how they affect the change process, and the critical success factors involved. Agricultural scientists face challenges in aligning their research outputs to the change process on farm. These challenges are exacerbated by the funding environment for research, development, and extension (RD&E), the complexity of the adoption process and the privatisation and commercialisation of advisory and extension services. To assist scientists in navigating these challenges, a structured literature review of extension methods was conducted, examining the following: group-learning/peer-to-peer; technology development; training; information provision; one-on-one advice/coaching; e-extension; co-innovation; best management practice; and social marketing. In addition, two case studies outlining the application of combinations of extension methods in the context of feeding system challenges in the Australian dairy industry, and their effects, are described. While the evidence across the studies reviewed was strongest for the effect on adoption of small group-learning and one to one consulting, it was combinations of methods that resulted in larger effects (for example, in practice change or profitability), which was credited to how they addressed the human and social dimensions of the adoption process. Case studies of adoption in the dairy sector found that scientists influenced adoption by collaborating with the private sector, being directly involved with on-farm trials and demonstrations, and supporting group-learning approaches to help the adoption of past research. This role for scientists in adoption was enabled by investment in programs of RD&E rather than discreet research experiments, and research designs and methods that incorporated the social dimensions of adoption. This synthesis demonstrates the need f

Oxygen in single crystalline antimony triselenide (Sb₂Se₃) is addressed by infrared (IR) absorption spectroscopy. Measurements conducted on Sb₂Se₃ samples doped—during growth, post-growth annealing in the O₂ ambient, or by O ion implantation—with ¹⁶O reveal an IR absorption line at 527 cm⁻¹ (10 K). Substitution of ¹⁶O by ¹⁸O “red”-shifts the signal down to 500 cm⁻¹ based on which the line is assigned to a local vibrational mode of an isolated oxygen defect. Annealing of O-enriched samples in hydrogen atmosphere at temperatures above 380 °C results in the suppression of the 527-cm⁻¹ line and concurrent appearance of the signals due to hydroxyl groups, suggesting formation of oxygen-hydrogen complexes. The configuration of the 527-cm⁻¹ oxygen center is discussed.

In an increasingly internationalized, interconnected and globalized world, characterized in many school education contexts by diverse classrooms and varied student needs, the importance for teachers to develop an intercultural competence has become urgent. International experiences, embedded within teacher education, are seen as one means to enhance this capability. In this Australian study, coordinators of international professional experiences from four NSW universities discuss and interrogate the strengths and weaknesses of their own and each other’s programs, guided by an established evaluation framework for such programs. Findings indicate that, while support for such programs is strong in the lead-up to and during such international experiences, subsequent evaluation of these programs and reflection remain underdeveloped. Implications for international professional experience programs are discussed.

Analysis of zircons from Australian affinity Permian-Triassic units of the Timor region yield age distributions with large age peaks at 230-400. Ma and 1750-1900. Ma, which are similar to zircon age spectra found in rocks from NE Australia and crustal fragments now found in Tibet and SE Asia. It is likely that these terranes, which are now widely separated, were once part of the northern edge of Gondwana near what is now the northern margin of Australia. The Cimmerian Block rifted from Gondwana in the Early Permian during the initial formation of the Neo-Tethys Ocean. The zircon age spectra of the Gondwana Sequence of NE Australia and in the Timor region are most similar to the terranes of northern Tibet and Malaysia, further substantiating a similar tectonic affinity. A large 1750-1900. Ma zircon peak is also very common in other terranes in SE Asia.Hf analysis of zircon from the Aileu Complex in Timor and Kisar Islands shows a bimodal distribution (both radiogenically enriched and depleted) in the Gondwana Sequence at ~. 300. Ma. The magmatic event from which these zircons were derived was likely bimodal (i.e. mafic and felsic). This is substantiated by the presence of Permian mafic and felsic rocks interlayered with the sandstone used in this study. Similar rock types and isotopic signatures are also found in Permian-Triassic igneous units throughout the Cimmerian continental block.The Permian-Triassic rocks of the Timor region fill syn-rift intra-cratonic basins that successfully rifted in the Jurassic to form the NW margin of Australia. This passive continental margin first entered the Sunda Trench in the Timor region at around 7-8. Ma causing the Permo-Triassic rocks to accrete to the edge of the Asian Plate and emerge as a series of mountainous islands in the young Banda collision zone. Eventually, the Australian continental margin will collide with the southern edge of the Asian plate and these Gondwanan terranes will rejoin.

The setup, capabilities, and operation parameters of the neutron reflectometer GINA, the recently installed “Grazing Incidence Neutron Apparatus” at the Budapest Neutron Centre, are introduced. GINA, a dance-floor-type, constant-energy, angle-dispersive reflectometer is equipped with a 2D position-sensitive detector to study specular and off-specular scattering. Wavelength options between 3.2 and 5.7 Å are available for unpolarized and polarized neutrons. Spin polarization and analysis are achieved by magnetized transmission supermirrors and radio-frequency adiabatic spin flippers. As a result of vertical focusing by a five-element pyrolytic graphite monochromator, the reflected intensity from a 20 × 20 mm2 sample has been doubled. GINA is dedicated to studies of magnetic films and heterostructures, but unpolarized options for non-magnetic films, membranes, and other surfaces are also provided. Shortly after its startup, reflectivity values as low as 3 × 10−5 have been measured by the instrument. The instrument capabilities are demonstrated by a non-polarized and a polarized reflectivity experiment on a Si wafer and on a magnetic film of [62Ni/natNi]5 isotope-periodic layer composition. The facility is now open for the international user community. Its further development is underway establishing new sample environment options and spin analysis of off-specularly scattered radiation as well as further decreasing the background., Funding agencies: This work was partially supported by the National Office for Research and Technology of Hungary and the Hungarian National Science Fund (OTKA) under contracts NAP-VENEUS'05 and K 62272, respectively. Mobility support for A. V. Petrenko by the bilateral project between JINR (Dubna) and the Hungarian Academy of Sciences is gratefully appreciated.

To address the biological heterogeneity of lung cancer, we studied 199 lung adenocarcinomas by integrating genome-wide data on copy number alterations and gene expression with full annotation for major known somatic mutations in this cancer. This showed non-random patterns of copy number alterations significantly linked to EGFR and KRAS mutation status and to distinct clinical outcomes, and led to the discovery of a striking association of EGFR mutations with underexpression of DUSP4, a gene within a broad region of frequent single-copy loss on 8p. DUSP4 is involved in negative feedback control of EGFR signaling, and we provide functional validation for its role as a growth suppressor in EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma. DUSP4 loss also associates with p16/CDKN2A deletion and defines a distinct clinical subset of lung cancer patients. Another novel observation is that of a reciprocal relationship between EGFR and LKB1 mutations. These results highlight the power of integrated genomics to identify candidate driver genes within recurrent broad regions of copy number alteration and to delineate distinct oncogenetic pathways in genetically complex common epithelial cancers.

New kind of positron sources for future linear colliders, where the converter is a tungsten crystal oriented on the <111> axis, has been studied at CERN in the WA103 experiment. In such sources the photons which create the $e^+ e^-$ pairs result from channeling radiation and coherent bremsstrahlung. In this experiment electron beams of 6 and 10 GeV were sent on different kinds of targets: a 4 mm thick crystal, a 8 mm thick crystal and a compound taraget (4 mm crystal + 4 mm amorphous disk). An amorphous tungsten target 20 mm thick was also used for comparison with the 8 mm crystal. Tracks of outgoing charged particles were detected and analyzed by a drift chamber in a magnetic field. The energy and angle spectra of the positrons were obtained for energies up to 150 MeV and angles up to 30 degrees. The measured positron distribution in momentum space (longitudinal versus transverse) is also presented, giving a full momentum space description of the source. Results on outgoing photons are also presented. A significant enhancement of both photon and positron production is clearly observed. At 10 GeV incident energy, the positron enhancement factor is 4 for the 4 mm crystal, about 2 for the 8 mm crystal. Besides, the simulation code for the crystal processes is validated by a quite good agreement between the simulated and experimental spectra, both for positrons and photons.

For some time interests have been aroused by the III-V quantum well heterostructures (QWHs) and superlattices (SLs) and, in addition to fundamental effects, the special opportunities QWHs and SLs afford in making possible improved forms of lasers, not to mention other devices and optoelectronic systems. In this report, studies have been made of: (1) Al(x)Ga(1-x)As-GaAs lasers on Si, (2) impurity induced layer disordering (which is an especially advantageous phenomenon in QWHs and SLs), (3) phonon-assisted laser operation and its unambiguous identification by control of the cavity Q of QWH samples, (4) the use of cavity Q to fill the recombination spectrum of QWHs, and (5) hydrolization and reliability of Al(x)Ga(1-x)As-GaAs QWHs and SLs, and (6) various other laser problems associated with higher gap crystals such as In(y) (Al(x)Ga(1-x)(1-y)P. Keywords: Lasers; Silicon; Semiconductors.

Electronic access restricted; authentication may be required, American Council of Learned Societies History E-Book Project, (heb) heb00413.0001.001, http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.00413, Permission must be received for any subsequent distribution in print or electronically. Please contact info@hebook.org for more information.

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Ouvrages avant 1800

Inscripción en ángulo inf. derech.: "Nº 23", Estampa basada en una pintura de D. Teniers, Resumen: Descripción: paisaje con montaña. En primer término, un grupo de personajes, uno de ellos sentado y el resto dialogando, Datos del grabador tomados de: Benezit, vol. IX p. 83

200 p. incl. front., illus. fold. maps. 20cm., Making of America (MOA), (dlps) AJQ5466.0001.001, (lccallno) T 860 .A1 S14, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

200 p. incl. front., illus. fold. maps. 20cm., Making of America (MOA), (dlps) AJQ5466.0001.001, (lccallno) T 860 .A1 S14, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

Original copyright held by: National Association of Cost Accountants

Original copyright held by: National Association of Cost Accountants

Original copyright held by: National Association of Cost Accountants

Original copyright held by: National Association of Cost Accountants

This audio features a brief presentation by Major J. Jones. The topic of his presentation is the theology of enough. In her response Dr. Jacqueline Grant discusses the relevancy of theology to the community of faith. Charles Lee also responds and discusses the need for universal theology. Major J. Jones then explains the differences in the liberation struggles of Africa and America., The Atlanta University Center Robert W. Woodruff Library acknowledges the generous support of the National Endowment for Humanities - Humanities Collections and Reference Resources Implementation Project Grant in supporting the processing and digitization of a number of its major archival collections as part of the project: Spreading the Word: Expanding Access to African American Religious Archival Collections at the Atlanta University Center Robert W. Woodruff Library.