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Background: Multiple gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are extremely rare entities that exist either as spontaneous GISTs or as part of various syndromes, such as Carney’s triad and type I neurofibromatosis (NF1). Attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis (AFAP) is a variant of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) with a milder clinical presentation. Both GISTs and AFAP have been reported to coexist with colorectal cancer, but the coexistence of GISTs and AFAP has never been reported in the literature before. Case report: A 45-year-old male patient with known AFAP arrived scheduled for a total colectomy and ileo-rectal anastomosis due to the malignancy of one of the previously biopsied polyps of the upper rectum. Intraoperatively, multiple nodular tumors were found at the jejunum within a length of 45 cm, for which an enterectomy and enteroanastomosis were performed. A histopathological examination of the whole colectomy specimen confirmed the presence of multiple polyps in the large intestine along with a rectal invasive adenocarcinoma. At the same time, in the examined part of the small intestine, 15 GISTs sized from 0.5 to 2.0 cm of prognostic group I, were identified. The patient’s postoperative course was uncomplicated. Conclusion: Multiple GISTs may present as an asymptomatic disease, and the same thing is true for colorectal cancer. Therefore, the appropriate screening is crucial for entities such as AFAP, since the surgery was performed because of the malignant transformation in one of the polyps and revealed multiple GISTs, as well. © 2022 by the authors.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the injury pre-vention program FIFA 11+ (level 2) application, on lower limb balance ability and knee muscle strength, as an effective approach to reduce injury risk in male soccer players. Thirty-two players were randomly divided into two subject groups (N = 16 each), one control group (CON group), and one training group (INT group). The INT group followed the FIFA 11+ injury prevention program 3 times per week for 8 weeks. The CON group continued the usual warm-up. Biodex Stability System was used to assess balance ability in both groups at baseline and after completing the FIFA 11+ program. Additional isokinetic knee joint moment measurements (concentric flexors / extensors and eccentric flexors) performed at two different angular velocities, first at 60°/s and then at 180° /s. Beneficial effects were found of the implementation of the FIFA 11+ in total stability index and anterior - posterior index, concentric and eccentric flexors strength and conventional H/Q ratio (p < .05). Performing FIFA 11+ inju-ry prevention program for 8 weeks can improve lower limb balance ability and hamstrings muscle strength, elements which are very important for prevention of hamstring muscle strains and lower limb ligament injuries in soccer., Цель этого исследования состояла в том, чтобы оценить влия-ние применения программы FIFA 11+ (уровень 2) для профилактики травм на способность балансировать нижние конечности и силу мышц колена как эффективный подход к снижению риска травм у футболистов-мужчин. Тридцать два игрока были случайным образом разделены на две предметные группы (N = 16 каждая), одну контрольную группу (группа CON) и одну тренировочную группу (группа INT). Группа INT следовала программе профилактики травм FIFA 11+ 3 раза в неделю в течение 8 недель. Группа CON продолжила обычную разминку. Система стабильности Biodex использовалась для оценки способности баланса в обеих группах на исходном уровне и после завершения программы FIFA 11+. Дополнительные изокинетические измерения момента в коленном суставе (концентрические сгибатели / разгибатели и эксцентрические сгибатели) проводят при двух разных угловых скоростях, сначала при 60 ° / с, а затем при 180 ° / с. Были обнаружены положительные эффекты применения FIFA 11+ в отношении общего индекса стабильности и переднезаднего индекса, прочности концентрических и эксцентрических сгибателей и обычного отношения H / Q (p <0,05). Выполнение программы FIFA 11+ по предотвращению травм в течение 8 недель может улучшить способность баланса нижних конечностей и силу мышц подколенных сухожилий, элементы, которые очень важны для предотвращения растяжений мышц подколенных сухожилий и травм связок нижних конечностей в футболе.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the warm up and injury prevention program “Wrestling +” application, on lower limb balance ability and knee muscle strength, as an effective approach to re-duce injury risk in female wrestlers. The key elements of “Wrestling +” are core strength, shoulder and leg strength and balance. The “Wrestling +” has three parts with a total of 14 exercises. A key point in the program is to use the proper technique during all of the exercises. Thirteen female wrestlers participated in the study. The wrestlers followed the “Wrestling +” warm up – injury prevention program 3 times per week for 8 weeks. Before and after the completion of the eight-week intervention program, participants completed a single leg static balance assessment for both limbs on the Biodex stability system (Biodex Medical Systems, USA) (devi-ations from the horizontal plane, Total (SI), Anterior-Posterior (API), and Medial-Lateral (MLI)). Additional isokinetic knee joint moment measurements (concentric flexors / extensors) performed at two different angular velocities, first at 60°/s and then at 180° /s. Beneficial effects were found of the implementation of the Wrestling + in all stability indices (Total, Anterior - Posterior and Medial-Lateral), concentric strength of flexors and extensors and conventional H/Q ratio (p<.05). Performing Wrestling+ warm up- injury prevention program for 8 weeks can improve lower limb balance ability and quadriceps and hamstrings muscle strength, elements which are very important for prevention of lower limb and specific knee injuries in female wrestlers., Цель данного исследования состояла в том, чтобы оценить влияние программы «Wrestling +» на прогрев и профилактику травматизма на способность балансировать нижние конечности и силу мышц колена как эффективный подход к снижению риска травмирования у борцов женского пола. Ключевыми элементами «Wrestling +» являются сила ядра, сила плеч и ног и баланс. «Борьба +» состоит из трех частей, всего 14 упражнений. Ключевым моментом в программе является использование правильной техники во время всех упраж-нений. В исследовании приняли участие 13 женщин-борцов. Борцы следовали программе «Wrestling +» – профилактика травм 3 раза в неделю в течение 8 недель. До и после завершения восьминедельной программы вмешательства, участники выполнили оценку статического равновесия одной ноги для обеих конечностей в системе стабильности Biodex (Biodex Medical Systems, США) (отклонения от горизонтальной плоскости, Total (SI), Anterior-Posterior (API) и Medial-Lateral (MLI)). Дополнительные изокинетические измерения момента в коленном суставе (концентрические сгибатели / разгибатели) проводят при двух разных угловых скоростях, сначала при 60 ° / с, а за-тем при 180 ° / с. Были обнаружены положительные эффекты от применения Wrestling + по всем показателям стабильности (общая, передняя - задняя и медиально-боковая), концентрическая сила сгибателей и разгибателей и традиционное соотношение H / Q (p <.05). Выполнение программы Wrestling + профилактика травм в течение 8 недель может улучшить способность баланса нижних конечностей и силу мышц четырехглавых мышц и подколенных сухожилий, которые очень важны для предотвращения травм нижней конечности и специфических травм колена у женщин-борцов.

Dance aerobic instructors guide, organize and entertain all aerobics classes suffering, thus, from a number of frequently appearing injuries. The purpose of this study was to examine the musculoskeletal injuries in professional female dance aerobic instructors in relation to external factors such as frequency of participation per day or week, intensity of exercise, the type of aerobic dance, the footwear or the equipment used generally. The sample constituted of 273 female aerobic instructors who were educated in public and state colleges of physical education and sports in Greece. The most important external factors that influence injury appearance were the excessive working hours per day and per week, the mixed and high intensity classes, the different dance aerobic styles, the resilient floor and the inadequate shoes. In conclusion, the present study, in order to eliminate the external injury factors, suggests that dance aerobic instructor should not work for more than three hours a day or more than six hours a week, not participate in a variety of different dance styles, use proper footwear and work on a wooden floor. Finally, further research is needed to monitor all these innovations and the incidence and nature of injuries that are associated with them and to inform instructors of injury prevention developments. © Faculty of Education. University of Alicante.

Dance aerobic has been increasingly popular in the last years, engaging people of all ages, improving cardiovascular system and ameliorating psychological mood. Dance aerobic instructors guide, organize and entertain all classes suffering, thus, from a number of frequently appearing injuries. The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of muscular-skeletal injuries in female dance aerobic instructors in Greece. The sample of the study was constituted of 273 female aerobic instructors who were educated in public and state colleges of physical education and sports in Greece and were observed over a period of three years (2006-2009). For the statistical treatment of the data, the method used was the analysis of frequencies and the nonparametric test X2. According to the results, 57.1% of the instructors were injured, most of them (19.8%) were injured once, 69.2% twice and 11% three times. The injury rate was 0.18 injuries per aerobic instructor per year. Out of all injuries, 79.5% was overuse syndromes. The most frequent site of injury was the leg (33.7%) followed by the knee (27.5%) and the back (22.9%). Tendonitis (22.1%), compartment syndrome (15.6%), low back pain (13.4%), and sprain (16.3%), were the most common diagnoses. Further research is needed to correlate the injury rate in aerobic instructors to the external risk factors, in order to prevent the high injury rate that the present study has recorded. In conclusion lowering the risk of injuries still further will benefit both female dance aerobic instructors and participants by enabling a greater enjoyment of the sport, better fitness, and less cost to the individual and the community. © 2013 University of Alicante.

Background: Obesity is associated with osteoarthritis and it is accompanied by chronic inflammation and elevated oxidative stress. Strengthening-type exercise is used in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) rehabilitation. This study determined how acute isokinetic exercise influences inflammatory responses of obese middle-aged women with KOA. Methods: Ten obese women with KOA and 10 age/weight-matched controls performed an isokinetic exercise protocol. Assessment of performance (knee extensor/flexor torque), muscle soreness (DOMS), knee flexibility (KJRM), and pain, and blood collection were performed pre-exercise, post-exercise, and at 24. h post-exercise. Blood was analyzed for creatine kinase activity (CK), lactate dehydrogenase activity (LDH), CRP, leukocytes, uric acid, IL-6, TBARS, lipid hydroperoxides (LPX), protein carbonyls (PC), oxidized (GSH) and reduced glutathione (GSSG), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase activity, and glutathione peroxidase activity (GPX). Results: Physical function remained unaltered by exercise (only torque at 90°/s decreased at 24 h). Exercise increased DOMS throughout recovery but KJRM and pain remained unchanged. CK, LDH, and uric acid increased similarly in both groups. CRP remained unaffected by exercise while IL-6 increased only post-exercise. TBARS, PC, LPH, GSSG, and TAC increased only post-exercise in both groups. GSH and GSH/GSSG declined post-exercise and normalized thereafter. Catalase and GPX increased only in patients post-exercise. Conclusion: Isokinetic exercise induces only a mild inflammatory response of very short duration (< 24 h) without affecting physical function and pain in KOA patients suggesting that moderate strengthening-type exercise may be safe for this patient cohort. These results indicate that KOA patients may be able to receive another exercise stimulus after only 48. h. Clinical relevance: Isokinetic exercise produces minimal inflammation and pain in knee osteoarthritis patients, could be performe

The objectives of the present investigation were to study the inflammatory and performance responses after an acute bout of intense plyometric exercise during a prolonged recovery period. Participants were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (P, n = 12) that performed intense plyometric exercises or a control group (C, n = 12) that rested. The delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS), knee range of motion (KROM), creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, white blood cell count, C reactive protein (CRP), uric acid (UA), cortisol, testosterone, IL-6, IL-1b strength (isometric and isokinetic), and countermovement (CMJ) and static (SJ) jumping performance were measured at rest, immediately postexercise and at 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours of recovery. Lactate was measured at rest and postexercise. Strength remained unchanged throughout recovery, but CMJ and SJ declined (p < 0.05) by 8-20%. P induced a marked rise in DOMS, CK, and LDH (peaked 24-48 hours postexercise) and a KROM decline. An acute-phase inflammatory response consisting of leukocytosis (postexercise and at 24 hours), an IL-6, IL-1b, CRP, and cortisol elevation (during the first 24 hours of recovery) and a delayed increase of UA (peaked at 48 hours) and testosterone (peaked at 72 hours) was observed in P. The results of this investigation indicate that performing an acute bout of intense plyometric exercise may induce a short-term muscle damage and marked but transient inflammatory responses. Jumping performance seems to deteriorate for as long as 72 hours postexercise, whereas strength appears to remain unchanged. The acute-phase inflammatory response after a plyometric exercise protocol appears to follow the same pattern as in other exercise models. These results clearly indicate the need of sufficient recovery between successive plyometric exercise training sessions. © 2010 National Strength and Conditioning Association.

It is unclear whether fatigue induced by a tennis training session influences the effectiveness of balance exercise training program. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to investigate whether a balance program is more effective when performed before or after the regular tennis training session. The study was conducted on 36 young tennis players participating in the national young tennis championship. The participants were randomly divided into three subject groups, one control group (C group), and two intervention groups that performed a specific balance program for 12 weeks, three times per week, 16 min per session. One intervention group performed the balance program immediately before the regular tennis training session (Pre training group) and the other group performed the same balance program immediately after tennis training (Post training group). Balance performance was assessed in all subjects at baseline (T0) and after the completion of the 12-week balance program (T12). The balance performance assessment was performed with two different balance boards and the Biodex Stability System. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA revealed that there was no difference (p > 0.05) in balance performance in the C group between T0 and T12. In contrast, there was significant improvement between T0 and T12 for Pre and Post training groups. Furthermore, there were significant differences between group C and the two intervention groups after the 12-week balance training program, while there was no significant difference between the Pre and Post training groups. In conclusion, there was significant improvement in balance performance with the balance training program and there was no effect of the time the tennis training sessions were performed. © 2008 IOS Press. All rights reserved.

The purpose of this study was to determine the reproducibility of measures for maximum knee extensor and flexor concentric strength on an isokinetic dynamometer in individuals with mild and moderate osteoarthritis of the knee. Twenty eight female patients with 1st (n=14) and 3rd (n=14) grade unilateral knee OA volunteered for the study. Peak muscle torque of the knee extensors and flexors was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer at angular velocities of 90, 120 and 150°/s. Test-retest reproducibility of maximal isokinetic torque was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Absolute reproducibility was assessed using Bland-Altman analysis, the standard error of measurement (SEM and SEM%) and the smallest real differences (SRD & SRD%). Inter-session relative reproducibility was found to be high in extensor and flexor muscles of individuals with mild OA, with the ICCs values ranging from 0.89 to 0.92 for the concentric knee extension and from 0.90 to 0.93 for the concentric knee flexion, while in the group of individuals with moderate knee OA the same values varied from 0.79 to 0.91 and from 0.75 to 0.93 for the concentric knee extension and flexion, respectively. The Bland-Altman analyses support the findings of high relative reproducibility for the two groups of patients in almost all measurements, except for the extension at 120 and 90°/s and the flexion at 150°/s conducted by the individuals with moderate OA. SEM and relative SEM values ranged from 6.7 to 9.4 Nm and from 14.4% to 21.5%Nm for the group with mild OA and from 4.4 to 7.7 Nm and from 14.6% to 21.8%Nm for the group with moderate OA, respectively. SRD and SRD% values across all movement speeds for both knee flexors and extensors ranged from 18.6 to 26.1 Nm and from 39.9% to 59.6%Nm for the mild OA group, respectively, while the same values for the moderate OA group ranged from 12.2 to 21.3 Nm and from 40.5% to 56.8%Nm, respectively. These results indicate that measurements of isok

The purpose of this study was to investigate the external risk factors that contribute to sports injuries experienced by Volleyball players. 114 Greek Volleyball players (61 male and 53 female) who participate in the Volleyball Championship including the A1 and A2 national division and the local championships, age 22.77 (SD = 4.85) participated in this study. A questionnaire survey was used for data collection purposes and the interviews were conducted on a personal level. Of the 114 volley ball players (94.5 response rate), reported 363 injuries, during a total exposure time of 34200 h/year for 5 years, representing an overall incidence of 0.63 injuries per player. The majority of the injuries were located in the ankle region (51.3%), followed by the knee (18.2%) and the back (12.4%). Most injuries (58.1%) were classified as being of moderate severity. Most injuries occurred during training (52.3%), and the 69.1% of them during the competitive season. The present study indicates that the risk of suffering an injury in volleyball is relatevly high therefore more researches are needed to accomplish in order practitioners and clinics prevent injuries in training period and competitions. © 2006 IOS Press. All rights reserved.