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1. Application of causal inference methods in individual-participant data meta-analyses in medicine: addressing data handling and reporting gaps with new proposed reporting guidelines

Author

Epi Methoden Team 1, Epi Methoden Team 2, Hufstedler, Heather, Mauer, Nicole, Yeboah, Edmund, Carr, Sinclair, Rahman, Sabahat, Danzer, Alexander M., Debray, Thomas P.A., de Jong, Valentijn M.T., Campbell, Harlan, Gustafson, Paul, Maxwell, Lauren, Jaenisch, Thomas, Matthay, Ellicott C., Bärnighausen, Till, Epi Methoden Team 1, Epi Methoden Team 2, Hufstedler, Heather, Mauer, Nicole, Yeboah, Edmund, Carr, Sinclair, Rahman, Sabahat, Danzer, Alexander M., Debray, Thomas P.A., de Jong, Valentijn M.T., Campbell, Harlan, Gustafson, Paul, Maxwell, Lauren, Jaenisch, Thomas, Matthay, Ellicott C., and Bärnighausen, Till

Published
2024

2. Adjusting for misclassification of an exposure in an individual participant data meta-analysis

Author

Epi Methoden Team 2, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Methodology, de Jong, Valentijn M.T., Campbell, Harlan, Maxwell, Lauren, Jaenisch, Thomas, Gustafson, Paul, Debray, Thomas P.A., Epi Methoden Team 2, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Methodology, de Jong, Valentijn M.T., Campbell, Harlan, Maxwell, Lauren, Jaenisch, Thomas, Gustafson, Paul, and Debray, Thomas P.A.

Published
2023

3. Clinical prediction models for mortality in patients with covid-19:external validation and individual participant data meta-analysis

Author

de Jong, Valentijn M T, Rousset, Rebecca Z, Antonio-Villa, Neftalí Eduardo, Buenen, Arnoldus G, Van Calster, Ben, Bello-Chavolla, Omar Yaxmehen, Brunskill, Nigel J, Curcin, Vasa, Damen, Johanna A A, Fermín-Martínez, Carlos A, Fernández-Chirino, Luisa, Ferrari, Davide, Free, Robert C, Gupta, Rishi K, Haldar, Pranabashis, Hedberg, Pontus, Korang, Steven Kwasi, Kurstjens, Steef, Kusters, Ron, Major, Rupert W, Maxwell, Lauren, Nair, Rajeshwari, Naucler, Pontus, Nguyen, Tri-Long, Noursadeghi, Mahdad, Rosa, Rossana, Soares, Felipe, Takada, Toshihiko, van Royen, Florien S, van Smeden, Maarten, Wynants, Laure, Modrák, Martin, Asselbergs, Folkert W, Linschoten, Marijke, Moons, Karel G M, Debray, Thomas P A, de Jong, Valentijn M T, Rousset, Rebecca Z, Antonio-Villa, Neftalí Eduardo, Buenen, Arnoldus G, Van Calster, Ben, Bello-Chavolla, Omar Yaxmehen, Brunskill, Nigel J, Curcin, Vasa, Damen, Johanna A A, Fermín-Martínez, Carlos A, Fernández-Chirino, Luisa, Ferrari, Davide, Free, Robert C, Gupta, Rishi K, Haldar, Pranabashis, Hedberg, Pontus, Korang, Steven Kwasi, Kurstjens, Steef, Kusters, Ron, Major, Rupert W, Maxwell, Lauren, Nair, Rajeshwari, Naucler, Pontus, Nguyen, Tri-Long, Noursadeghi, Mahdad, Rosa, Rossana, Soares, Felipe, Takada, Toshihiko, van Royen, Florien S, van Smeden, Maarten, Wynants, Laure, Modrák, Martin, Asselbergs, Folkert W, Linschoten, Marijke, Moons, Karel G M, and Debray, Thomas P A

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To externally validate various prognostic models and scoring rules for predicting short term mortality in patients admitted to hospital for covid-19.DESIGN: Two stage individual participant data meta-analysis.SETTING: Secondary and tertiary care.PARTICIPANTS: 46 914 patients across 18 countries, admitted to a hospital with polymerase chain reaction confirmed covid-19 from November 2019 to April 2021.DATA SOURCES: Multiple (clustered) cohorts in Brazil, Belgium, China, Czech Republic, Egypt, France, Iran, Israel, Italy, Mexico, Netherlands, Portugal, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom, and United States previously identified by a living systematic review of covid-19 prediction models published in The BMJ, and through PROSPERO, reference checking, and expert knowledge.MODEL SELECTION AND ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Prognostic models identified by the living systematic review and through contacting experts. A priori models were excluded that had a high risk of bias in the participant domain of PROBAST (prediction model study risk of bias assessment tool) or for which the applicability was deemed poor.METHODS: Eight prognostic models with diverse predictors were identified and validated. A two stage individual participant data meta-analysis was performed of the estimated model concordance (C) statistic, calibration slope, calibration-in-the-large, and observed to expected ratio (O:E) across the included clusters.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: 30 day mortality or in-hospital mortality.RESULTS: Datasets included 27 clusters from 18 different countries and contained data on 46 914patients. The pooled estimates ranged from 0.67 to 0.80 (C statistic), 0.22 to 1.22 (calibration slope), and 0.18 to 2.59 (O:E ratio) and were prone to substantial between study heterogeneity. The 4C Mortality Score by Knight et al (pooled C statistic 0.80, 95% confidence interval 0.75 to 0.84, 95% prediction interval 0.72 to

Published
2022

4. Clinical prediction models for mortality in patients with covid-19:external validation and individual participant data meta-analysis

Author

de Jong, Valentijn M T, Rousset, Rebecca Z, Antonio-Villa, Neftalí Eduardo, Buenen, Arnoldus G, Van Calster, Ben, Bello-Chavolla, Omar Yaxmehen, Brunskill, Nigel J, Curcin, Vasa, Damen, Johanna A A, Fermín-Martínez, Carlos A, Fernández-Chirino, Luisa, Ferrari, Davide, Free, Robert C, Gupta, Rishi K, Haldar, Pranabashis, Hedberg, Pontus, Korang, Steven Kwasi, Kurstjens, Steef, Kusters, Ron, Major, Rupert W, Maxwell, Lauren, Nair, Rajeshwari, Naucler, Pontus, Nguyen, Tri-Long, Noursadeghi, Mahdad, Rosa, Rossana, Soares, Felipe, Takada, Toshihiko, van Royen, Florien S, van Smeden, Maarten, Wynants, Laure, Modrák, Martin, Asselbergs, Folkert W, Linschoten, Marijke, Moons, Karel G M, Debray, Thomas P A, de Jong, Valentijn M T, Rousset, Rebecca Z, Antonio-Villa, Neftalí Eduardo, Buenen, Arnoldus G, Van Calster, Ben, Bello-Chavolla, Omar Yaxmehen, Brunskill, Nigel J, Curcin, Vasa, Damen, Johanna A A, Fermín-Martínez, Carlos A, Fernández-Chirino, Luisa, Ferrari, Davide, Free, Robert C, Gupta, Rishi K, Haldar, Pranabashis, Hedberg, Pontus, Korang, Steven Kwasi, Kurstjens, Steef, Kusters, Ron, Major, Rupert W, Maxwell, Lauren, Nair, Rajeshwari, Naucler, Pontus, Nguyen, Tri-Long, Noursadeghi, Mahdad, Rosa, Rossana, Soares, Felipe, Takada, Toshihiko, van Royen, Florien S, van Smeden, Maarten, Wynants, Laure, Modrák, Martin, Asselbergs, Folkert W, Linschoten, Marijke, Moons, Karel G M, and Debray, Thomas P A

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To externally validate various prognostic models and scoring rules for predicting short term mortality in patients admitted to hospital for covid-19.DESIGN: Two stage individual participant data meta-analysis.SETTING: Secondary and tertiary care.PARTICIPANTS: 46 914 patients across 18 countries, admitted to a hospital with polymerase chain reaction confirmed covid-19 from November 2019 to April 2021.DATA SOURCES: Multiple (clustered) cohorts in Brazil, Belgium, China, Czech Republic, Egypt, France, Iran, Israel, Italy, Mexico, Netherlands, Portugal, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom, and United States previously identified by a living systematic review of covid-19 prediction models published in The BMJ, and through PROSPERO, reference checking, and expert knowledge.MODEL SELECTION AND ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Prognostic models identified by the living systematic review and through contacting experts. A priori models were excluded that had a high risk of bias in the participant domain of PROBAST (prediction model study risk of bias assessment tool) or for which the applicability was deemed poor.METHODS: Eight prognostic models with diverse predictors were identified and validated. A two stage individual participant data meta-analysis was performed of the estimated model concordance (C) statistic, calibration slope, calibration-in-the-large, and observed to expected ratio (O:E) across the included clusters.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: 30 day mortality or in-hospital mortality.RESULTS: Datasets included 27 clusters from 18 different countries and contained data on 46 914patients. The pooled estimates ranged from 0.67 to 0.80 (C statistic), 0.22 to 1.22 (calibration slope), and 0.18 to 2.59 (O:E ratio) and were prone to substantial between study heterogeneity. The 4C Mortality Score by Knight et al (pooled C statistic 0.80, 95% confidence interval 0.75 to 0.84, 95% prediction interval 0.72 to

Published
2022

5. BAYESIAN ADJUSTMENT FOR PREFERENTIAL TESTING IN ESTIMATING INFECTION FATALITY RATES, AS MOTIVATED BY THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Author

Epi Methoden Team 2, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Methodologie, Campbell, Harlan, De Valpine, Perry, Maxwell, Lauren, De Jong, Valentijn M.T., Debray, Thomas P.A., Jaenisch, Thomas, Gustafson, Paul, Epi Methoden Team 2, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Methodologie, Campbell, Harlan, De Valpine, Perry, Maxwell, Lauren, De Jong, Valentijn M.T., Debray, Thomas P.A., Jaenisch, Thomas, and Gustafson, Paul

Published
2022

6. Systematic Review Reveals Lack of Causal Methodology Applied to Pooled Longitudinal Observational Infectious Disease Studies

Author

Epi Methoden Team 2, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Methodology, Hufstedler, Heather, Rahman, Sabahat, Danzer, Alexander M., Goymann, Hannah, de Jong, Valentijn M.T., Campbell, Harlan, Gustafson, Paul, Debray, Thomas P.A., Jaenisch, Thomas, Maxwell, Lauren, Matthay, Ellicott C., Bärnighausen, Till, Epi Methoden Team 2, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Methodology, Hufstedler, Heather, Rahman, Sabahat, Danzer, Alexander M., Goymann, Hannah, de Jong, Valentijn M.T., Campbell, Harlan, Gustafson, Paul, Debray, Thomas P.A., Jaenisch, Thomas, Maxwell, Lauren, Matthay, Ellicott C., and Bärnighausen, Till

Published
2022

7. Current trends in the application of causal inference methods to pooled longitudinal non-randomised data: A protocol for a methodological systematic review

Author

Epi Methoden Team 2, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Methodologie, Yeboah, Edmund, Mauer, Nicole Sibilla, Hufstedler, Heather, Carr, Sinclair, Matthay, Ellicott C., Maxwell, Lauren, Rahman, Sabahat, Debray, Thomas, De Jong, Valentijn M.T., Campbell, Harlan, Gustafson, Paul, Jänisch, Thomas, Bärnighausen, Till, Epi Methoden Team 2, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Methodologie, Yeboah, Edmund, Mauer, Nicole Sibilla, Hufstedler, Heather, Carr, Sinclair, Matthay, Ellicott C., Maxwell, Lauren, Rahman, Sabahat, Debray, Thomas, De Jong, Valentijn M.T., Campbell, Harlan, Gustafson, Paul, Jänisch, Thomas, and Bärnighausen, Till

Published
2021

8. Current trends in the application of causal inference methods to pooled longitudinal observational infectious disease studies—A protocol for a methodological systematic review

Author

Epi Methoden Team 2, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Methodologie, Hufstedler, Heather, Matthay, Ellicott C., Rahman, Sabahat, de Jong, Valentijn M.T., Campbell, Harlan, Gustafson, Paul, Debray, Thomas, Jaenisch, Thomas, Maxwell, Lauren, Bärnighausen, Till, Epi Methoden Team 2, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Methodologie, Hufstedler, Heather, Matthay, Ellicott C., Rahman, Sabahat, de Jong, Valentijn M.T., Campbell, Harlan, Gustafson, Paul, Debray, Thomas, Jaenisch, Thomas, Maxwell, Lauren, and Bärnighausen, Till

Published
2021

9. Measurement error in meta-analysis (MEMA)—A Bayesian framework for continuous outcome data subject to non-differential measurement error

Author

Epi Methoden Team 2, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Methodologie, Campbell, Harlan, de Jong, Valentijn M.T., Maxwell, Lauren, Jaenisch, Thomas, Debray, Thomas P.A., Gustafson, Paul, Epi Methoden Team 2, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Methodologie, Campbell, Harlan, de Jong, Valentijn M.T., Maxwell, Lauren, Jaenisch, Thomas, Debray, Thomas P.A., and Gustafson, Paul

Published
2021

10. Intimate partner violence and pregnancy spacing: results from a meta-analysis of individual participant time-to-event data from 29 low-and-middle-income countries.

Author

Maxwell, Lauren, Maxwell, Lauren, Nandi, Arijit, Benedetti, Andrea, Devries, Karen, Wagman, Jennifer, García-Moreno, Claudia, Maxwell, Lauren, Maxwell, Lauren, Nandi, Arijit, Benedetti, Andrea, Devries, Karen, Wagman, Jennifer, and García-Moreno, Claudia

Abstract

IntroductionInadequately spaced pregnancies, defined as pregnancies fewer than 18 months apart, are linked to maternal, infant, and child morbidity and mortality, and adverse social, educational and economic outcomes in later life for women and children. Quantifying the relation between intimate partner violence (IPV) and women's ability to space and time their pregnancies is an important part of understanding the burden of disease related to IPV.MethodsWe applied Cox proportional hazards models to monthly data from the Demographic and Health Surveys' Reproductive Health Calendar to compare interpregnancy intervals for women who experienced physical, sexual and/or emotional IPV in 29 countries. We conducted a one-stage meta-analysis to identify the periods when women who experienced IPV were at the highest risk of unintended and incident pregnancy, and a two-stage meta-analysis to explore cross-country variations in the magnitude of the relation between women's experience of IPV and pregnancy spacing.ResultsFor the one-stage analysis, considering 52 959 incident pregnancies from 90 446 women, which represented 232 394 person-years at risk, women's experience of IPV was associated with a 51% increase in the risk of pregnancy (95% CI 1.38 to 1.66), although this association decreased over time. When limiting our inference to unintended pregnancies that resulted in live births, women's experience of IPV was associated with a 30% increase in the risk of unintended pregnancy (95% CI 1.25 to 1.34; n=13 541 pregnancies, 92 848 women, 310 319 person-years at risk). In the two-stage meta-analyses, women's experience of IPV was associated with a 13% increase in the probability of incident pregnancy (95% CI 1.07 to 1.20) and a 28% increase in the likelihood of unintended pregnancy (95% CI 1.19 to 1.38).ConclusionsAcross countries, women's experience of IPV is associated with a reduction in time between pregnancies and an increase in the risk of unintended pregnancy; the magnit

Published
2018

11. The impact of intimate partner violence on women's contraceptive use: Evidence from the Rakai Community Cohort Study in Rakai, Uganda.

Author

Maxwell, Lauren, Maxwell, Lauren, Brahmbhatt, Heena, Ndyanabo, Anthony, Wagman, Jennifer, Nakigozi, Gertrude, Kaufman, Jay S, Nalugoda, Fred, Serwadda, David, Nandi, Arijit, Maxwell, Lauren, Maxwell, Lauren, Brahmbhatt, Heena, Ndyanabo, Anthony, Wagman, Jennifer, Nakigozi, Gertrude, Kaufman, Jay S, Nalugoda, Fred, Serwadda, David, and Nandi, Arijit

Abstract

A systematic review of longitudinal studies suggests that intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with reduced contraceptive use, but most included studies were limited to two time points. We used seven waves of data from the Rakai Community Cohort Study in Rakai, Uganda to estimate the effect of prior year IPV at one visit on women's current contraceptive use at the following visit. We used inverse probability of treatment-weighted marginal structural models (MSMs) to estimate the relative risk of current contraceptive use comparing women who were exposed to emotional, physical, and/or sexual IPV during the year prior to interview to those who were not. We accounted for time-fixed and time-varying confounders and prior IPV and adjusted standard errors for repeated measures within individuals. The analysis included 7923 women interviewed between 2001 and 2013. In the weighted MSMs, women who experienced any form of prior year IPV were 20% less likely to use condoms at last sex than women who had not (95% CI: 0.12, 0.26). We did not find evidence that IPV affects current use of modern contraception (RR: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.95, 1.03); however, current use of a partner-dependent method was 27% lower among women who reported any form of prior-year IPV compared to women who had not (95% CI: 0.20, 0.33). Women who experienced prior-year IPV were less likely to use condoms and other forms of contraception that required negotiation with their male partners and more likely to use contraception that they could hide from their male partners. Longitudinal studies in Rakai and elsewhere have found that women who experience IPV have a higher rate of HIV than women who do not. Our finding that women who experience IPV are less likely to use condoms may help explain the relation between IPV and HIV.

Published
2018

12. The impact of intimate partner violence on women's contraceptive use: Evidence from the Rakai Community Cohort Study in Rakai, Uganda.

Author

Maxwell, Lauren, Maxwell, Lauren, Brahmbhatt, Heena, Ndyanabo, Anthony, Wagman, Jennifer, Nakigozi, Gertrude, Kaufman, Jay S, Nalugoda, Fred, Serwadda, David, Nandi, Arijit, Maxwell, Lauren, Maxwell, Lauren, Brahmbhatt, Heena, Ndyanabo, Anthony, Wagman, Jennifer, Nakigozi, Gertrude, Kaufman, Jay S, Nalugoda, Fred, Serwadda, David, and Nandi, Arijit

Abstract

A systematic review of longitudinal studies suggests that intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with reduced contraceptive use, but most included studies were limited to two time points. We used seven waves of data from the Rakai Community Cohort Study in Rakai, Uganda to estimate the effect of prior year IPV at one visit on women's current contraceptive use at the following visit. We used inverse probability of treatment-weighted marginal structural models (MSMs) to estimate the relative risk of current contraceptive use comparing women who were exposed to emotional, physical, and/or sexual IPV during the year prior to interview to those who were not. We accounted for time-fixed and time-varying confounders and prior IPV and adjusted standard errors for repeated measures within individuals. The analysis included 7923 women interviewed between 2001 and 2013. In the weighted MSMs, women who experienced any form of prior year IPV were 20% less likely to use condoms at last sex than women who had not (95% CI: 0.12, 0.26). We did not find evidence that IPV affects current use of modern contraception (RR: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.95, 1.03); however, current use of a partner-dependent method was 27% lower among women who reported any form of prior-year IPV compared to women who had not (95% CI: 0.20, 0.33). Women who experienced prior-year IPV were less likely to use condoms and other forms of contraception that required negotiation with their male partners and more likely to use contraception that they could hide from their male partners. Longitudinal studies in Rakai and elsewhere have found that women who experience IPV have a higher rate of HIV than women who do not. Our finding that women who experience IPV are less likely to use condoms may help explain the relation between IPV and HIV.

Published
2018

13. Intimate partner violence and pregnancy spacing: results from a meta-analysis of individual participant time-to-event data from 29 low-and-middle-income countries.

Author

Maxwell, Lauren, Maxwell, Lauren, Nandi, Arijit, Benedetti, Andrea, Devries, Karen, Wagman, Jennifer, García-Moreno, Claudia, Maxwell, Lauren, Maxwell, Lauren, Nandi, Arijit, Benedetti, Andrea, Devries, Karen, Wagman, Jennifer, and García-Moreno, Claudia

Abstract

IntroductionInadequately spaced pregnancies, defined as pregnancies fewer than 18 months apart, are linked to maternal, infant, and child morbidity and mortality, and adverse social, educational and economic outcomes in later life for women and children. Quantifying the relation between intimate partner violence (IPV) and women's ability to space and time their pregnancies is an important part of understanding the burden of disease related to IPV.MethodsWe applied Cox proportional hazards models to monthly data from the Demographic and Health Surveys' Reproductive Health Calendar to compare interpregnancy intervals for women who experienced physical, sexual and/or emotional IPV in 29 countries. We conducted a one-stage meta-analysis to identify the periods when women who experienced IPV were at the highest risk of unintended and incident pregnancy, and a two-stage meta-analysis to explore cross-country variations in the magnitude of the relation between women's experience of IPV and pregnancy spacing.ResultsFor the one-stage analysis, considering 52 959 incident pregnancies from 90 446 women, which represented 232 394 person-years at risk, women's experience of IPV was associated with a 51% increase in the risk of pregnancy (95% CI 1.38 to 1.66), although this association decreased over time. When limiting our inference to unintended pregnancies that resulted in live births, women's experience of IPV was associated with a 30% increase in the risk of unintended pregnancy (95% CI 1.25 to 1.34; n=13 541 pregnancies, 92 848 women, 310 319 person-years at risk). In the two-stage meta-analyses, women's experience of IPV was associated with a 13% increase in the probability of incident pregnancy (95% CI 1.07 to 1.20) and a 28% increase in the likelihood of unintended pregnancy (95% CI 1.19 to 1.38).ConclusionsAcross countries, women's experience of IPV is associated with a reduction in time between pregnancies and an increase in the risk of unintended pregnancy; the magnit

Published
2018

14. Understanding the relation between Zika virus infection during pregnancy and adverse fetal, infant and child outcomes : A protocol for a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis of longitudinal studies of pregnant women and their infants and children

Author

Wilder-Smith, Annelies, Wei, Yinghui, Araújo, Thalia Velho Barreto De, Vankerkhove, Maria, Turchi Martelli, Celina Maria, Turchi, Marília Dalva, Teixeira, Mauro, Tami, Adriana, Souza, João, Sousa, Patricia, Soriano-Arandes, Antoni, Soria-Segarra, Carmen, Sanchez Clemente, Nuria, Rosenberger, Kerstin Daniela, Reveiz, Ludovic, Prata-Barbosa, Arnaldo, Pomar, Léo, Pelá Rosado, Luiza Emylce, Perez, Freddy, Passos, Saulo D., Nogueira, Mauricio, Noel, Trevor P., Moura Da Silva, Antônio, Moreira, Maria Elisabeth, Morales, Ivonne, Miranda Montoya, Maria Consuelo, Miranda-Filho, Demócrito De Barros, Maxwell, Lauren, Macpherson, Calum N.L., Low, Nicola, Lan, Zhiyi, Labeaud, Angelle Desiree, Koopmans, Marion, Kim, Caron, João, Esaú, Jaenisch, Thomas, Hofer, Cristina Barroso, Gustafson, Paul, Gérardin, Patrick, Ganz, Jucelia S., Dias, Ana Carolina Fialho, Elias, Vanessa, Duarte, Geraldo, Debray, Thomas Paul Alfons, Cafferata, María Luisa, Buekens, Pierre, Broutet, Nathalie, Brickley, Elizabeth B., Brasil, Patrícia, Brant, Fátima, Bethencourt, Sarah, Benedetti, Andrea, Avelino-Silva, Vivian Lida, Ximenes, Ricardo Arraes De Alencar, Alves Da Cunha, Antonio, Alger, Jackeline, Wilder-Smith, Annelies, Wei, Yinghui, Araújo, Thalia Velho Barreto De, Vankerkhove, Maria, Turchi Martelli, Celina Maria, Turchi, Marília Dalva, Teixeira, Mauro, Tami, Adriana, Souza, João, Sousa, Patricia, Soriano-Arandes, Antoni, Soria-Segarra, Carmen, Sanchez Clemente, Nuria, Rosenberger, Kerstin Daniela, Reveiz, Ludovic, Prata-Barbosa, Arnaldo, Pomar, Léo, Pelá Rosado, Luiza Emylce, Perez, Freddy, Passos, Saulo D., Nogueira, Mauricio, Noel, Trevor P., Moura Da Silva, Antônio, Moreira, Maria Elisabeth, Morales, Ivonne, Miranda Montoya, Maria Consuelo, Miranda-Filho, Demócrito De Barros, Maxwell, Lauren, Macpherson, Calum N.L., Low, Nicola, Lan, Zhiyi, Labeaud, Angelle Desiree, Koopmans, Marion, Kim, Caron, João, Esaú, Jaenisch, Thomas, Hofer, Cristina Barroso, Gustafson, Paul, Gérardin, Patrick, Ganz, Jucelia S., Dias, Ana Carolina Fialho, Elias, Vanessa, Duarte, Geraldo, Debray, Thomas Paul Alfons, Cafferata, María Luisa, Buekens, Pierre, Broutet, Nathalie, Brickley, Elizabeth B., Brasil, Patrícia, Brant, Fátima, Bethencourt, Sarah, Benedetti, Andrea, Avelino-Silva, Vivian Lida, Ximenes, Ricardo Arraes De Alencar, Alves Da Cunha, Antonio, and Alger, Jackeline

Published
2019

15. Understanding the relation between Zika virus infection during pregnancy and adverse fetal, infant and child outcomes : a protocol for a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis of longitudinal studies of pregnant women and their infants and children

Author

Wilder-Smith, Annelies, Wei, Yinghui, de Araújo, Thalia Velho Barreto, VanKerkhove, Maria, Turchi Martelli, Celina Maria, Turchi, Marília Dalva, Teixeira, Mauro, Tami, Adriana, Souza, João, Sousa, Patricia, Soriano-Arandes, Antoni, Soria-Segarra, Carmen, Sanchez Clemente, Nuria, Rosenberger, Kerstin Daniela, Reveiz, Ludovic, Prata-Barbosa, Arnaldo, Pomar, Léo, Pelá Rosado, Luiza Emylce, Perez, Freddy, Passos, Saulo D., Nogueira, Mauricio, Noel, Trevor P., Moura da Silva, Antônio, Moreira, Maria Elisabeth, Morales, Ivonne, Miranda Montoya, Maria Consuelo, Miranda-Filho, Demócrito de Barros, Maxwell, Lauren, Macpherson, Calum N. L., Low, Nicola, Lan, Zhiyi, LaBeaud, Angelle Desiree, Koopmans, Marion, Kim, Caron, João, Esaú, Jaenisch, Thomas, Hofer, Cristina Barroso, Gustafson, Paul, Gérardin, Patrick, Ganz, Jucelia S., Dias, Ana Carolina Fialho, Elias, Vanessa, Duarte, Geraldo, Debray, Thomas Paul Alfons, Cafferata, María Luisa, Buekens, Pierre, Broutet, Nathalie, Brickley, Elizabeth B., Brasil, Patrícia, Brant, Fátima, Bethencourt, Sarah, Benedetti, Andrea, Avelino-Silva, Vivian Lida, Ximenes, Ricardo Arraes de Alencar, Alves da Cunha, Antonio, Alger, Jackeline, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Wilder-Smith, Annelies, Wei, Yinghui, de Araújo, Thalia Velho Barreto, VanKerkhove, Maria, Turchi Martelli, Celina Maria, Turchi, Marília Dalva, Teixeira, Mauro, Tami, Adriana, Souza, João, Sousa, Patricia, Soriano-Arandes, Antoni, Soria-Segarra, Carmen, Sanchez Clemente, Nuria, Rosenberger, Kerstin Daniela, Reveiz, Ludovic, Prata-Barbosa, Arnaldo, Pomar, Léo, Pelá Rosado, Luiza Emylce, Perez, Freddy, Passos, Saulo D., Nogueira, Mauricio, Noel, Trevor P., Moura da Silva, Antônio, Moreira, Maria Elisabeth, Morales, Ivonne, Miranda Montoya, Maria Consuelo, Miranda-Filho, Demócrito de Barros, Maxwell, Lauren, Macpherson, Calum N. L., Low, Nicola, Lan, Zhiyi, LaBeaud, Angelle Desiree, Koopmans, Marion, Kim, Caron, João, Esaú, Jaenisch, Thomas, Hofer, Cristina Barroso, Gustafson, Paul, Gérardin, Patrick, Ganz, Jucelia S., Dias, Ana Carolina Fialho, Elias, Vanessa, Duarte, Geraldo, Debray, Thomas Paul Alfons, Cafferata, María Luisa, Buekens, Pierre, Broutet, Nathalie, Brickley, Elizabeth B., Brasil, Patrícia, Brant, Fátima, Bethencourt, Sarah, Benedetti, Andrea, Avelino-Silva, Vivian Lida, Ximenes, Ricardo Arraes de Alencar, Alves da Cunha, Antonio, Alger, Jackeline, and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Abstract

Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy is a known cause of microcephaly and other congenital and developmental anomalies. In the absence of a ZIKV vaccine or prophylactics, principal investigators (PIs) and international leaders in ZIKV research have formed the ZIKV Individual Participant Data (IPD) Consortium to identify, collect and synthesise IPD from longitudinal studies of pregnant women that measure ZIKV infection during pregnancy and fetal, infant or child outcomes. We will identify eligible studies through the ZIKV IPD Consortium membership and a systematic review and invite study PIs to participate in the IPD meta-analysis (IPD-MA). We will use the combined dataset to estimate the relative and absolute risk of congenital Zika syndrome (CZS), including microcephaly and late symptomatic congenital infections; identify and explore sources of heterogeneity in those estimates and develop and validate a risk prediction model to identify the pregnancies at the highest risk of CZS or adverse developmental outcomes. The variable accuracy of diagnostic assays and differences in exposure and outcome definitions means that included studies will have a higher level of systematic variability, a component of measurement error, than an IPD-MA of studies of an established pathogen. We will use expert testimony, existing internal and external diagnostic accuracy validation studies and laboratory external quality assessments to inform the distribution of measurement error in our models. We will apply both Bayesian and frequentist methods to directly account for these and other sources of uncertainty. The IPD-MA was deemed exempt from ethical review. We will convene a group of patient advocates to evaluate the ethical implications and utility of the risk stratification tool. Findings from these analyses will be shared via national and international conferences and through publication in open access, peer-reviewed journals. PROSPERO International prospective register of s

Published
2019

16. Understanding the relation between Zika virus infection during pregnancy and adverse fetal, infant and child outcomes : A protocol for a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis of longitudinal studies of pregnant women and their infants and children

Author

Wilder-Smith, Annelies, Wei, Yinghui, Araújo, Thalia Velho Barreto De, Vankerkhove, Maria, Turchi Martelli, Celina Maria, Turchi, Marília Dalva, Teixeira, Mauro, Tami, Adriana, Souza, João, Sousa, Patricia, Soriano-Arandes, Antoni, Soria-Segarra, Carmen, Sanchez Clemente, Nuria, Rosenberger, Kerstin Daniela, Reveiz, Ludovic, Prata-Barbosa, Arnaldo, Pomar, Léo, Pelá Rosado, Luiza Emylce, Perez, Freddy, Passos, Saulo D., Nogueira, Mauricio, Noel, Trevor P., Moura Da Silva, Antônio, Moreira, Maria Elisabeth, Morales, Ivonne, Miranda Montoya, Maria Consuelo, Miranda-Filho, Demócrito De Barros, Maxwell, Lauren, Macpherson, Calum N.L., Low, Nicola, Lan, Zhiyi, Labeaud, Angelle Desiree, Koopmans, Marion, Kim, Caron, João, Esaú, Jaenisch, Thomas, Hofer, Cristina Barroso, Gustafson, Paul, Gérardin, Patrick, Ganz, Jucelia S., Dias, Ana Carolina Fialho, Elias, Vanessa, Duarte, Geraldo, Debray, Thomas Paul Alfons, Cafferata, María Luisa, Buekens, Pierre, Broutet, Nathalie, Brickley, Elizabeth B., Brasil, Patrícia, Brant, Fátima, Bethencourt, Sarah, Benedetti, Andrea, Avelino-Silva, Vivian Lida, Ximenes, Ricardo Arraes De Alencar, Alves Da Cunha, Antonio, Alger, Jackeline, Wilder-Smith, Annelies, Wei, Yinghui, Araújo, Thalia Velho Barreto De, Vankerkhove, Maria, Turchi Martelli, Celina Maria, Turchi, Marília Dalva, Teixeira, Mauro, Tami, Adriana, Souza, João, Sousa, Patricia, Soriano-Arandes, Antoni, Soria-Segarra, Carmen, Sanchez Clemente, Nuria, Rosenberger, Kerstin Daniela, Reveiz, Ludovic, Prata-Barbosa, Arnaldo, Pomar, Léo, Pelá Rosado, Luiza Emylce, Perez, Freddy, Passos, Saulo D., Nogueira, Mauricio, Noel, Trevor P., Moura Da Silva, Antônio, Moreira, Maria Elisabeth, Morales, Ivonne, Miranda Montoya, Maria Consuelo, Miranda-Filho, Demócrito De Barros, Maxwell, Lauren, Macpherson, Calum N.L., Low, Nicola, Lan, Zhiyi, Labeaud, Angelle Desiree, Koopmans, Marion, Kim, Caron, João, Esaú, Jaenisch, Thomas, Hofer, Cristina Barroso, Gustafson, Paul, Gérardin, Patrick, Ganz, Jucelia S., Dias, Ana Carolina Fialho, Elias, Vanessa, Duarte, Geraldo, Debray, Thomas Paul Alfons, Cafferata, María Luisa, Buekens, Pierre, Broutet, Nathalie, Brickley, Elizabeth B., Brasil, Patrícia, Brant, Fátima, Bethencourt, Sarah, Benedetti, Andrea, Avelino-Silva, Vivian Lida, Ximenes, Ricardo Arraes De Alencar, Alves Da Cunha, Antonio, and Alger, Jackeline

Published
2019

17. Understanding the relation between Zika virus infection during pregnancy and adverse fetal, infant and child outcomes: A protocol for a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis of longitudinal studies of pregnant women and their infants and children

Author

Epi Methoden Team 2, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Methodologie, Wilder-Smith, Annelies, Wei, Yinghui, Araújo, Thalia Velho Barreto De, Vankerkhove, Maria, Turchi Martelli, Celina Maria, Turchi, Marília Dalva, Teixeira, Mauro, Tami, Adriana, Souza, João, Sousa, Patricia, Soriano-Arandes, Antoni, Soria-Segarra, Carmen, Sanchez Clemente, Nuria, Rosenberger, Kerstin Daniela, Reveiz, Ludovic, Prata-Barbosa, Arnaldo, Pomar, Léo, Pelá Rosado, Luiza Emylce, Perez, Freddy, Passos, Saulo D., Nogueira, Mauricio, Noel, Trevor P., Moura Da Silva, Antônio, Moreira, Maria Elisabeth, Morales, Ivonne, Miranda Montoya, Maria Consuelo, Miranda-Filho, Demócrito De Barros, Maxwell, Lauren, Macpherson, Calum N.L., Low, Nicola, Lan, Zhiyi, Labeaud, Angelle Desiree, Koopmans, Marion, Kim, Caron, João, Esaú, Jaenisch, Thomas, Hofer, Cristina Barroso, Gustafson, Paul, Gérardin, Patrick, Ganz, Jucelia S., Dias, Ana Carolina Fialho, Elias, Vanessa, Duarte, Geraldo, Debray, Thomas Paul Alfons, Cafferata, María Luisa, Buekens, Pierre, Broutet, Nathalie, Brickley, Elizabeth B., Brasil, Patrícia, Brant, Fátima, Bethencourt, Sarah, Benedetti, Andrea, Avelino-Silva, Vivian Lida, Ximenes, Ricardo Arraes De Alencar, Alves Da Cunha, Antonio, Alger, Jackeline, Epi Methoden Team 2, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Methodologie, Wilder-Smith, Annelies, Wei, Yinghui, Araújo, Thalia Velho Barreto De, Vankerkhove, Maria, Turchi Martelli, Celina Maria, Turchi, Marília Dalva, Teixeira, Mauro, Tami, Adriana, Souza, João, Sousa, Patricia, Soriano-Arandes, Antoni, Soria-Segarra, Carmen, Sanchez Clemente, Nuria, Rosenberger, Kerstin Daniela, Reveiz, Ludovic, Prata-Barbosa, Arnaldo, Pomar, Léo, Pelá Rosado, Luiza Emylce, Perez, Freddy, Passos, Saulo D., Nogueira, Mauricio, Noel, Trevor P., Moura Da Silva, Antônio, Moreira, Maria Elisabeth, Morales, Ivonne, Miranda Montoya, Maria Consuelo, Miranda-Filho, Demócrito De Barros, Maxwell, Lauren, Macpherson, Calum N.L., Low, Nicola, Lan, Zhiyi, Labeaud, Angelle Desiree, Koopmans, Marion, Kim, Caron, João, Esaú, Jaenisch, Thomas, Hofer, Cristina Barroso, Gustafson, Paul, Gérardin, Patrick, Ganz, Jucelia S., Dias, Ana Carolina Fialho, Elias, Vanessa, Duarte, Geraldo, Debray, Thomas Paul Alfons, Cafferata, María Luisa, Buekens, Pierre, Broutet, Nathalie, Brickley, Elizabeth B., Brasil, Patrícia, Brant, Fátima, Bethencourt, Sarah, Benedetti, Andrea, Avelino-Silva, Vivian Lida, Ximenes, Ricardo Arraes De Alencar, Alves Da Cunha, Antonio, and Alger, Jackeline

Published
2019

18. Measurement properties of the project-level Women's Empowerment in Agriculture Index

Author

Yount, Kathryn M.; Cheong, Yuk Fai; Maxwell, Lauren; Heckert, Jessica; Martinez, Elena M.; Seymour, Gregory, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3022-8298 Heckert, Jessica; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9800-6651 Martinez, Elena; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2213-0450 Seymour, Gregory, Yount, Kathryn M.; Cheong, Yuk Fai; Maxwell, Lauren; Heckert, Jessica; Martinez, Elena M.; Seymour, Gregory, and http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3022-8298 Heckert, Jessica; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9800-6651 Martinez, Elena; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2213-0450 Seymour, Gregory

Abstract

PR, IFPRI3; ISI; GAAP; CRP4; 2 Promoting Healthy Diets and Nutrition for all; G Cross-cutting gender theme, PHND; EPTD; A4NH, CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH), Women’s empowerment is a process that includes increases in intrinsic agency (power within); instrumental agency (power to); and collective agency (power with). We used baseline data from two studies—Targeting and Realigning Agriculture for Improved Nutrition (TRAIN) in Bangladesh and Building Resilience in Burkina Faso (BRB)—to assess the measurement properties of survey questions operationalizing selected dimensions of intrinsic, instrumental, and collective agency in the project-level Women’s Empowerment in Agricultural Index (pro-WEAI). We applied unidimensional item-response models to question (item) sets to assess their measurement properties, and when possible, their cross-context measurement equivalence—a requirement of measures designed for cross-group comparisons. For intrinsic agency in the right to bodily integrity, measured with five attitudinal questions about intimate partner violence (IPV) against women, model assumptions of unidimensionality and local independence were met. Four items showed good model fit and measurement equivalence across TRAIN and BRB. For item sets designed to capture autonomy in income, intrinsic agency in livelihoods activities, and instrumental agency in: livelihoods activities, the sale or use of outputs, the use of income, and borrowing from financial services, model assumptions were not met, model fit was poor, and items generally were weakly related to the latent (unobserved) agency construct. For intrinsic and instrumental agency in livelihoods activities and for instrumental agency in the sale or use of outputs and in the use of income, items sets had similar precision along the latent-agency continuum, suggesting that similar item sets could be dropped without a loss of precision. IRT models for collective agency were not estimable because of low reported presence and membership in community groups. This analysis demonstrates the use of IRT methods to assess the measurement properties of item sets in pro-WEAI, and empo

Published
2019

19. Measurement properties of the Project-Level Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index

Author

Yount, Kathryn M.; Cheong, Yuk Fai; Maxwell, Lauren; Heckert, Jessica; Martinez, Elena M.; Seymour, Gregory, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3022-8298 Heckert, Jessica; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9800-6651 Martinez, Elena; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2213-0450 Seymour, Gregory, Yount, Kathryn M.; Cheong, Yuk Fai; Maxwell, Lauren; Heckert, Jessica; Martinez, Elena M.; Seymour, Gregory, and http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3022-8298 Heckert, Jessica; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9800-6651 Martinez, Elena; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2213-0450 Seymour, Gregory

Subjects
item response theory; women’s agency; women’s empowerment; Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (WEAI)
Abstract

Non-PR, IFPRI1; CRP4; GAAP; Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index; G Cross-cutting gender theme; Capacity Strengthening, PHND; EPTD; A4NH, CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH), Given the need for valid measures of women’s empowerment to monitor SDG5 and design advantages of pro-WEAI, an assessment of its measurement properties is warranted. This paper has three aims: 1) to assess in two GAAP2 projects the measurement properties of survey question (item) sets used to compute pro-WEAI indicators, 2) to offer guidance, based on study findings, for questionnaire revisions to shorten the full pro-WEAI to improve it as a measure for women’s empowerment in agricultural development programs, and 3) to make a call for a validated ‘short form’1 version of pro-WEAI and improved measures of women’s collective agency.

Published
2019

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