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Globalization requires a sustainable development strategy. The current stage of globalization is accompanied by an enormous development of the productive forces of mankind and its rapid growth. Unregulated development can cause environmental destruction and threaten life on Earth. The material and ecological resources of the planet are not unlimited. The reserves of oil, gas, ore, minerals, arable land and forests are limited. These limits impose a natural limitation on humanity's drive for unbridled growth. Forests remain one of the main components of the planet's ecosystem. The quality of the environment largely depends on the presence and condition of forests. Forests play an extremely important and multifaceted role in ensuring sustainable socio-economic development of human society. Forests stabilize natural processes, regulate climate, perform soil protection, water conservation, sanitary, hygienic, recreational and many other environmental and social functions. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO of the UN) estimates that forests currently cover about 30% of the world's land area. The total area of forests is over 4 billion hectares. Every year humanity loses more than twenty million hectares of forest area. Degradation and loss of forests cause local, regional and global environmental problems. The world community needs international legal regulation of forest. The recognition of the global role of forests is reflected in several international conventions and treaties. Sustainable forest management is critical to economic and social development, environmental protection and sustaining life on the planet. All UN member states are encouraged to coordinate approaches to forest conservation and protection. Russia is a member of the UN. It actively participates in the legislative mission to implement the assumed international obligations. © 14th International Scientific Conference WoodEMA 2021 - The Response of the Forest-Based Sector

Globalization requires a sustainable development strategy. The current stage of globalization is accompanied by an enormous development of the productive forces of mankind and its rapid growth. Unregulated development can cause environmental destruction and threaten life on Earth. The material and ecological resources of the planet are not unlimited. The reserves of oil, gas, ore, minerals, arable land and forests are limited. These limits impose a natural limitation on humanity's drive for unbridled growth. Forests remain one of the main components of the planet's ecosystem. The quality of the environment largely depends on the presence and condition of forests. Forests play an extremely important and multifaceted role in ensuring sustainable socio-economic development of human society. Forests stabilize natural processes, regulate climate, perform soil protection, water conservation, sanitary, hygienic, recreational and many other environmental and social functions. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO of the UN) estimates that forests currently cover about 30% of the world's land area. The total area of forests is over 4 billion hectares. Every year humanity loses more than twenty million hectares of forest area. Degradation and loss of forests cause local, regional and global environmental problems. The world community needs international legal regulation of forest. The recognition of the global role of forests is reflected in several international conventions and treaties. Sustainable forest management is critical to economic and social development, environmental protection and sustaining life on the planet. All UN member states are encouraged to coordinate approaches to forest conservation and protection. Russia is a member of the UN. It actively participates in the legislative mission to implement the assumed international obligations. © 14th International Scientific Conference WoodEMA 2021 - The Response of the Forest-Based Sector

The global energy system is experiencing a transformation. An analysis of the dynamics of global energy production and consumption indicates that a paradigm shift is occurring toward more reliable and sustainable energy sources with the dominance of natural gas. Even though the reserves-to-production ratio for hydrocarbons is declining, it is natural gas that can ensure the sustainable development of the energy system to meet the growing energy needs of humankind. Natural gas can also significantly reduce the environmental burden. In the medium term, it will be the main source of energy along a gradual transition to renewable energy. Natural gas can serve as a transition fuel within a broader deployment of hybrid energy technologies. Hybridization - the generation of energy using both fossil fuels and renewable energy sources - is one of the most promising areas of energy system development, contributing to a significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. In our opinion, hybridization based on natural gas is a "bridge to the future" for the world energy system., QC 20210906

In the 20th century, giant reserves of natural gas were discovered, intensive construction of main gas pipelines began, and effective technologies for liquefying and transporting natural gas in a reduced state appeared. This led to the fact that in the first decade of the 21st century the share of natural gas in the world energy balance increased significantly. The developed and well-established transportation system and modern fuel and energy equipment allow the delivery of natural gas to almost any place on the planet at a relatively low price. Natural gas is a relatively clean source of energy; when it is burned, an insignificant amount of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide is formed with almost no ash and dust. Currently, a paradigm shift is observed in the global energy market. The global world energy system has entered a new period of its development-the era of natural gas. One of the main questions for this period is for how long will we have natural gas resources? Based the proven reserves and annual production of natural gas data, it is not difficult to calculate that these reserves will be sufficient only for the next 50-60 years. Is this correct? What are the real reserves of natural gas on our planet? Scientific considerations about the origin of hydrocarbons, plus discovered reserves of unconventional gas, particularly shale gas and gas hydrates, provide evidence of the presence of enormous, virtually inexhaustible hydrocarbon resources in our planet. We clearly have sufficient natural gas for several hundred years. To ensure the sustainable development of this energy resource we need to create and implement into the market innovative technologies for natural gas deposit exploration and exploitation. The environmental aspect should be one of the main criteria to assess these new technologies., QC 20220613

В статье рассмотрены вопросы состояния ресурсной базы по основным полезным ископаемым в России; дан анализ особенностей по разведанным запасам; приведены конкретные данные по углеводородным ресурсам (нефти, природного газа), по редким и редкоземельным металлам. Рассмотрены понятия «страны – сырьевые придатки» и «страны – сырьевые державы». Приведен анализ методологии долговременного регулирования использования исчерпаемых ресурсов; рассмотрены особенности рыночного характера в недропользовании и государственного участия., The article discusses the state of the resource base for primary-helpful resources in Russia; the analysis of the characteristics in explored reserves; the specific data for hydrocarbon resources (oil, natural gas), rare and rare-earth metals. Discusses the concept of «country – a raw material append-age» and «country – rawtions of power» The analysis methodology the long-term regulation of use of exhaustible resources; the peculiarities of the market of nature in the subsoil and public participation.

В статье приводится характеристика состояния запасов и добычи основных видов топливно-энергетических ресурсов. Рассмотрены эколого-экономические последствия экстенсивного развития мировой энергетики. Проведена оценка динамики экономического ущерба от выбросов углекислого газа при сгорании моторного топлива, производимого в России., The paper presents the characteristics of the state of reserves and production of major energy resources. The environmental and economic consequences of the extensive development of the global energy industry are considered. The dynamics of the economic impact of carbon dioxide emissions from the combustion of motor fuel produced in Russia is estimated.

Cette thèse comprend trois essais en économie de l’environnement et des ressources naturelles sous incertitude. Le premier essai propose un modèle de jeu différentiel qui analyse la pollution globale à travers la quête à l’hégémonie politique entre pays. Le second essai utilise des données boursières pour estimer une version stochastique de la règle de Hotelling et ainsi inférer sur le rôle des ressources naturelles non renouvelables dans la diversification du risque. Le troisième essai montre comment la prise en compte des perspectives futures modifie la règle de Hotelling dans un contexte de diversification du risque., My thesis is composed of three essays on environmental and natural resource economics under uncertainty. The first essay proposes a differential game analysis of the quest for hegemony among countries as a generator of global pollution. The second essay uses stock market data on market capitalization to estimate a stochastic version of the Hotelling rule of exhaustible resource exploitation and uses it to infer on the riskiness of investment in nonrenewable resources and its effect on the resource price paths. The third essay shows how uncertainty about future prospects modifies the Hotelling rule in a context of risk diversification.

The Caspian Sea is a 700-mile-long body of water in central Asia bordered by Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia and Turkmenistan. Among the five nations, only Iran is a member of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Turkmenistan became independent when the Soviet Union dissolved in 1991. The Caspian Sea region historically has been an oil and natural gas producer, but many believe that the region contains large reserves of oil and gas capable of much greater production than at present. Because diversity of energy sources is a consideration in Congressional deliberations on energy policy, this prospect could play a role in such discussions. However, there are notable obstacles to increases in Caspian Sea region production of oil and gas that may slow development. This report will be updated as events warrant., CRS Report for Congress.

Yu, H., Wang, Z., Rezaee, R., Zhang, Y., Nwidee, L. N., Liu, X., ... & Iglauer, S. (2019). Formation water geochemistry for carbonate reservoirs in Ordos basin, China: Implications for hydrocarbon preservation by machine learning. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 185, Article 106673. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2019.106673

Xu, D., Yang, L., Ding, K., Zhang, Y., Gao, W., Huang, Y., ... & Zhang, H. (2019). Mini-Review on Char Catalysts for Tar Reforming during Biomass Gasification: The Importance of Char Structure. Energy & Fuels, 34(2), 1219-1229. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.9b03725

The shelf zone plays an important role in maintaining world oil and gas production. One of the most promising regions is the area of hydrocarbon production of the Sea of Okhotsk. The deposits of Sakhalin Island are investigated most well. On the shelf of Northeastern Sakhalin there were discovered seven large deposits and a small gas field in the Strait of Tartary. Total gas reserves on the Sakhalin shelf are estimated at 3.5 trillion cubic meters. Predicting possible hazards in providing oil and gas production in coastal and offshore fields is extremely important. It is extremely important to adequately and promptly assess the ice situation in the work area to reduce production, financial and environmental risks. To monitor the ice cover, radar stations of aircraft and space bases are widely used. However, the known aerospace methods do not provide the required accuracy and promptness of the receipt of the most important information on ice fields in the areas of drilling platforms, namely, their degree of hummocking, thickness, speed and direction of drift. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the ice situation in areas where oil and gas facilities are operated using ground-based radar systems. This article deals with the issue of creation of transport-Technological complex of monitoring ice conditions of offshore zones, capable of carrying measurement equipment, including radar. To predict the chassis motion of the complex, the parameters of the support base in the coastal zone of Sakhalin Island were analysed. A study of changes in the characteristics of the snow cover during the winter period was carried out.