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Photograph © Alan S. Heilman; Digital Image © 2011 The University of Tennessee Libraries. Creative Commons License Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0) with attribution as follows: [Photograph title and item number], The Botanical Photography of Alan S. Heilman, © Alan S. Heilman, © The University of Tennessee Libraries, 2011., This object was added to the Digital Preservation Network in November 2016.

Photograph © Alan S. Heilman; Digital Image © 2011 The University of Tennessee Libraries. Creative Commons License Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0) with attribution as follows: [Photograph title and item number], The Botanical Photography of Alan S. Heilman, © Alan S. Heilman, © The University of Tennessee Libraries, 2011., This object was added to the Digital Preservation Network in November 2016.

DNA sequence analysis of rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) were exploited for their applications in differentiating medicinal species Codonopsis pilosula, C.tangshen, C.modesta, and C.nervosa var. macrantha, from two related adulterants Campanumoeo javania and Platycodon grandiflorus. The data demonstrated that the rDNA ITSI and ITSII sequences of the four Codonopsis are highly homologous but not identical, and are significantly different from those of the two adulterants. The sequence difference allows effective and reliable differentiation of Codonopsis from the adulterants by PCR-RFLP.

DNA sequence analysis of rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) were exploited for their applications in differentiating medicinal species Codonopsis pilosula, C.tangshen, C.modesta, and C.nervosa var. macrantha, from two related adulterants Campanumoeo javania and Platycodon grandiflorus. The data demonstrated that the rDNA ITSI and ITSII sequences of the four Codonopsis are highly homologous but not identical, and are significantly different from those of the two adulterants. The sequence difference allows effective and reliable differentiation of Codonopsis from the adulterants by PCR-RFLP.

DNA sequence analysis of rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) were exploited for their applications in differentiating medicinal species Codonopsis pilosula, C.tangshen, C.modesta, and C.nervosa var. macrantha, from two related adulterants Campanumoeo javania and Platycodon grandiflorus. The data demonstrated that the rDNA ITSI and ITSII sequences of the four Codonopsis are highly homologous but not identical, and are significantly different from those of the two adulterants. The sequence difference allows effective and reliable differentiation of Codonopsis from the adulterants by PCR-RFLP.

Photograph © Alan S. Heilman; Digital Image © 2011 The University of Tennessee Libraries. Creative Commons License Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0) with attribution as follows: [Photograph title and item number], The Botanical Photography of Alan S. Heilman, © Alan S. Heilman, © The University of Tennessee Libraries, 2011., This object was added to the Digital Preservation Network in November 2016.

Photograph © Alan S. Heilman; Digital Image © 2011 The University of Tennessee Libraries. Creative Commons License Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0) with attribution as follows: [Photograph title and item number], The Botanical Photography of Alan S. Heilman, © Alan S. Heilman, © The University of Tennessee Libraries, 2011., This object was added to the Digital Preservation Network in November 2016.