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This paper proposes a Federated Learning-based Zeroing Neural Network (FL-ZNN) tuned optimal proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control strategy for frequency control of Multi-Microgrid (MMG) system. The proposed FL-ZNN technique employs a distributed learning approach that allows each neuron to train the network based on its own local data. The local models are then aggregated into a global model, which is used to update the neurons of the network to auto-tune the PID controller's parameters in each microgrid. The proposed FL-ZNN-based PID controller is able to provide robust and efficient frequency control in MMG under different operating conditions, including successive load variations and communication delay. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed FL-ZNN-based control strategy over the ZNN PID, and conventional ZNN controller in terms of response time, overshoot, and settling time. Further, the proposed controller has been validated using Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) in OPAL-RT.

This paper proposes a Federated Learning-based Zeroing Neural Network (FL-ZNN) tuned optimal proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control strategy for frequency control of Multi-Microgrid (MMG) system. The proposed FL-ZNN technique employs a distributed learning approach that allows each neuron to train the network based on its own local data. The local models are then aggregated into a global model, which is used to update the neurons of the network to auto-tune the PID controller's parameters in each microgrid. The proposed FL-ZNN-based PID controller is able to provide robust and efficient frequency control in MMG under different operating conditions, including successive load variations and communication delay. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed FL-ZNN-based control strategy over the ZNN PID, and conventional ZNN controller in terms of response time, overshoot, and settling time. Further, the proposed controller has been validated using Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) in OPAL-RT.

This book chapter presents a comprehensive set of MATLAB/Simulink models used to simulate various power quality disturbances. The models presented include distribution line fault, induction motor starting, and transformer energizing that are used to simulate various types of voltage sag event. Capacitor bank switching model used to simulate oscillatory transient event, lightning impulse model used to simulate impulsive transient event, nonlinear load models used to simulate triplen harmonic and voltage notching disturbances generated from the load side, and lastly electric arc furnace model used to simulate flicker disturbance are also presented. This chapter presents each power quality disturbance in MATLAB/Simulink model. The presented models are used to simulate various power quality disturbances and waveforms for power quality analysis research as well as contribute to the development of power quality education and learning curriculum.