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Omar F Altal,1 Ahmed H Al Sharie,2 Yazan O Al Zu’bi,2 Saif Aldin Rawabdeh,3 Wasim Khasawneh,3 Tamara Dawaymeh,2 Haneen Tashtoush,2 Rawan Obeidat,1 Omar M Halalsheh4 1Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid, Jordan; 2Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid, Jordan; 3Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; 4Department of General Surgery and Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid, JordanCorrespondence: Omar F AltalDepartment of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science & Technology, P. O. Box: 3030, Irbid, 22110, JordanTel +962797423400Fax +962 2 7201064Email altal_omar@yahoo.comObjective: The aim of this study is to compare the respiratory neonatal outcomes utilizing antenatal dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DSP) versus a mixture of betamethasone dipropionate and betamethasone sodium phosphate (B-DP/SP) for preterm births.Patients and Methods: All neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions for prematurity were retrospectively identified at our center in the period between September 2016 and September 2018. Pregnant women expected to give preterm birth and received steroid injections whether it is DSP or B-DP/SP were included in the study. Maternal and obstetrical data along with the corresponding respiratory neonatal outcomes were extracted and analyzed. The population was categorized according to the gestational age into extremely preterm (less than 28 weeks), very preterm (28 up to 32 weeks) and moderate or late preterm (32 up to 37 weeks) in which the repository outcomes were compared in each sub-group.Results: A total of 650 premature neonates were included in the analysis. B-DP/SP illustrated a significant reduction in the occurrence of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) among moder

The intent of this research is to undertake a systematic methodical study of Jordanian governmental administrative improvement and investigate the experiences and characteristics of such a reform. The study revealed that the degree of legitimacy ascribed to both the state and its administrative apparatus is clearly the major factor that can either impede or promote effective levels of accountability and responsiveness. In conclusion, underperformance management, input-oriented budgets are turned into performance budgets, cash-based accounting systems are changed into accrual-based cost accounting systems or performance reporting systems

Wasim Khasawneh,1 Amer Sindiani,2 Saif Aldeen Rawabdeh,1 Abdelwahhab Aleshawi,3 Dana Kanaan1 1Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; 3Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, JordanCorrespondence: Wasim KhasawnehDepartment of Pediatrics, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, JordanTel +962796041117Fax +96227095777Email wakhasawneh@just.edu.joPurpose: To review the indications and clinical profile of neonatal admissions at King Abdullah University Hospital in Jordan.Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional review of all neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit between September 2016 and September 2018. Collected data include demographic characteristics, indications for admission, morbidities and mortality, and discharge outcomes. Findings were reported among term and preterm infants.Results: A total of 1444 infants were admitted during the study period of whom 1332 (92.2%) were inborn and 612 (42.4%) were term neonates. Of the 832 preterm infants, 545 were late preterm (34– 36 6/7 gestation) and 125 had very low birth weight (Ë‚ 1500 grams); 925 (64%) were born by cesarean section. Respiratory failure of the newborn (41.2%) and prematurity (33.3%) were the main indications for admission among the whole cohort. Maternal prolonged premature rupture of membranes (PROM) was observed in nearly half the admissions of term infants. Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (3.2% vs 0.7%, p 0.01) and congenital anomalies (5% vs 1.2%, p 0.03) were more common in term infants. The rate of bronchopulmonary dysplasia was 39% among < 28-week and 28% among < 32-week premature infants. Sepsis was encountered in 59 infants. The overall mortality rate was 3.8%.

Filtration materials coating with metallic oxides represented a good method for phosphate sorption. However, most of the researchers utilize chemicals as a source of metallic oxides and heating process to set the chemicals over the filtration materials. This study is aimed to introduce the furnace bottom ash FBA as a source of metallic oxides; it is available free because it is dumped as a waste material from power generation plants. The method of creating new filter media involves coating the limestone and sand by FBA, and the ordinary Portland cement OPC utilized as binder to binding the mixture materials. The water is the factor which is responsible for activating the OPC. All factors such as mixed materials ratio, water content and age of reaction have subjected to optimization process. The results revealed that the optimal mixture for phosphate removal consists of 40% FBA, 5% OPC from dry weight of supporting material, 35% water ratio from the total weight of FBA and OPC, and 14 days are enough to complete the materials reaction. Limestone-furnace bottom ash LFBA indicated high capacity for phosphate sorption and possibility of efficiency regenerate. This study demonstrates a new method for coating the filtration materials more convenient with sustainability approach., Validerad;2020;Nivå 1;2019-12-19 (johcin)

Iraq relies greatly on the flow of the Euphrates and Tigris Rivers and their tributaries. Five tributaries namely Khabour, Greater Zab, Lesser Zab, AlAd- hiam and Daylia, which are the major tributaries of Tigris River, sustain Northern Iraq Region, a semi-arid, mainly a pastureland. These tributaries contribute about 24 km3 of water annually. The discharge in the tributaries, in recent times, has been suffering increasing variability contributing to more severe droughts and floods apparently due to climate change. This is because there were no dams constructed outside Iraq previously. For an appropriate appreciation, Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used to evaluate the impact of climate change on their discharge for a half-centennial lead time to 2046-2064 and a centennial lead time to 2080-2100. The suitability of the model was first evaluated, and then, outputs from six GCMs were incorporated to evaluate the impacts of climate change on water resources under three emission scenarios: A1B, A2 and B1. The results showed that wa-ter resources are expected to decrease with time., Validerad;2020;Nivå 1;2019-12-19 (johcin)

This article aims at endorsing unmistakable ways of evaluating and upgrading the quality of higher education and making them basic to social and economic demands via comparative qualitative research methods. As a result, the standard of quality assurance (one of the eight quality Pillars of the local agency) committee has to advise all University units through meetings and mailings that this deficiency needs addressing, and AQAC is entrusting the modern quality administrators to focus on this issue. In conclusion, teaching and learning are the core tasks of faculty who expected to acknowledge unimaginable commitment for that work.

Coir geotextiles are permeable natural fibres that are developed from the husk of the coconut to enhance the engineering properties of soil. Coir geotextile reinforcement is one of the most significant methods that has been used successfully in the recent years for variant number of geotechnical applications. The main reasons for using coir geotextiles are; the ease of placement, eco-friendliness, ubiquitousness, low cost, and biodegradability properties. In the recent past, many laboratory investigations have been carried out on the effect of coir geotextiles as soil reinforcement. However, these studies have not captured the stabilising mechanism of coir geotextiles reinforced soil under monotonic loading condition. In addition, only limited studies have discussed the cyclic behaviour of coir geotextiles reinforced soil. In this study, a robust finite element model was developed to understand and investigate the behaviour of coir geotextile reinforced soil during monotonic and cyclic loading. The finite model has captured the bearing pressure response of coir geotextile reinforced soil similar to the laboratory experiments. The inclusion of coir geotextiles increases the bearing capacity and reduces the settlement of soil during monotonic and cyclic loading. The inclusion of coir geotextiles in the soil creates a shear interface between the geotextile and the subbase soil. During monotonic and cyclic loading an axial force developed along the reinforcement. Due to the applied load at the surface of the structure, the subbase soil moves in a horizontal direction which leads to create the maximum axial forces under the footing, the forces gradually reduced when moving away from the applied load.

The main purpose of selecting proper designs for landfills is to accommodate quantities of waste without having a negative effect on the surrounding environment and human health. The Babylon Governorate (province) in Iraq was taken as an example of an arid area with very shallow groundwater and where irregular waste disposal sites had developed that had not been subject to international standards when they were selected for landfill use. In the current study, the suggested design for landfills is a base liner and final cover system. In this suggested design, the final cover system allows for three scenarios. The first scenario considers an evapotranspiration soil cover (ET) (capillary barriers type), the second scenario is a modified cover design of “RCRA Subtitle D”, and the third scenario is a combination of the first and second scenarios. The HELP 3.95 D model was applied to the selected landfill sites in the governorate to check if there was any penetration of the leachate that might in future percolate from the landfill’s bottom barrier layer in arid areas. The results from the suggested landfill design showed that there was no leachate percolation from the bottom barrier layer using the second and third scenarios. For the first scenario, however, there was a small amount of leachate through the bottom barrier layer in the years 2013 and 2014., Validerad;2018;Nivå 2;2018-12-07 (svasva)

Landslides are major and constantly changing threats to urban landscapes and infrastructure. It is essential to detect and capture landslide changes regularly. Traditional methods for monitoring landslides are time-consuming, costly, dangerous, and the quality and quantity of the data is sometimes unable to meet the necessary requirements of geotechnical projects. This motivates the development of more automatic and efficient remote sensing approaches for landslide progression evaluation. Automatic change detection involving low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle image-based point clouds, although proven, is relatively unexplored, and little research has been done in terms of accounting for volumetric changes. In this study, a methodology for automatically deriving change displacement rates, in a horizontal direction based on comparisons between extracted landslide scarps from multiple time periods, has been developed. Compared with the iterative closest projected point (ICPP) registration method, the developed method takes full advantage of automated geometric measuring, leading to fast processing. The proposed approach easily processes a large number of images from different epochs and enables the creation of registered image-based point clouds without the use of extensive ground control point information or further processing such as interpretation and image correlation. The produced results are promising for use in the field of landslide research.

In city planning managing the third dimension is becoming a necessity. Using 3D GIS modeling within a GIS environment offers a flexible interactive system for providing the best visual interpretation because it aids the planning and decision-process. Previous 3D virtual models did not have to be completely accurate. It did need to be a relatively accurate representation of the true simulation of reality. Every point in 3D GIS models has their true coordinates, so they can express terrain features in an intuitive way which enhances the management and analysis of a proposed project through 3D visualization.A university campus is a complex infrastructure. New students and first- time visitors have a hard time orientating themselves and finding places. This paper discusses the concept of 3D GIS modeling techniques using the following simple procedure to generate a university campus as a real 3D GIS model which will show the effectiveness of the 3D GIS modeling approach. The 3D GIS model provides access to mapping data to support planning, design, and data management. Intelligent GIS models and GIS tools help community planning and apply regional and discipline-specific standards. Integration of GIS spatial data with campus organization helps to improve quality, productivity, and asset management. The following study built 3D GIS map and all utility information for Al al-Bayt University campus as a case study. The primary objective is to establish a 3D GIS for the Al al-Bayt university campus, Jordan to improved data management (e.g., maps, plans, usage of facilities, services) and to develop methods using 3D spatial analysis for specific applications., Validerad; 2014; 20131021 (nadhir)

Amman-Zerqa Basin (AZB) is the second largest groundwater basin in Jordan with the highest abstraction rate, where more than 28% of total abstractions in Jordan come from this basin. In view of the extensive reliance on this basin, contamination of AZB groundwater became an alarming issue. This paper develops a Modified DRASTIC model by combining the generic DRASTIC model with land use activities and lineament density for the study area with a new model map that evaluates pollution potential of groundwater resources in AZB to various types of pollution. It involves the comparison of modified DRASTIC model that integrates nitrate loading along with other DRASTIC parameters. In addition, parameters to account for differences in land use and lineaments density were added to the DRASTIC model to reflect their influences on groundwater pollution potential. The DRASTIC model showed only 0.08% (3 km2) of the AZB is situated in the high vulnerability area and about 30% of the basin is located in the moderately vulnerable zone (mainly in central basin). After modifying the DRASTIC to account for lineament density, about 87% of the area was classified as having low pollution potential and no vulnerability class accounts for about 5.01% of the AZB area. The moderately susceptible zone covers 7.83% of the basin’s total area and the high vulnerability area constitutes 0.13%. The vulnerability map based on land use revealed that about 71% of the study area has low pollution potential and no vulnerability area accounts for about 0.55%, whereas moderate pollution potential zone covers an area of 28.35% and the high vulnerability class constitutes 0.11% of AZB. The final DRASTIC model which combined all DRASTIC models shows that slightly more than 89% of the study area falls under low pollution risk and about 6% is considered areas with no vulnerability. The moderate pollution risk potential covers an area of about 4% of AZB and the high vulnerability class constitutes 0.21% of the, Validerad; 2014; 20140331 (nadhir)

Amman-Zerqa Basin (AZB) is a major basin in Jordan. The concentration of economic, agricultural and social activities within the basin makes it of prime importance to Jordan. Intensive agricultural practices are widespread and located close to groundwater wells, which pose imminent threats to these resources. Groundwater contamination is of particular concern as groundwater resources are the principal source of water for irrigation, drinking and industrial activities. A DRASTIC model integrated with, and GIS tool has been used to evaluate the groundwater vulnerability of AZB. The Drastic index map showed that only 1.2% of the basin’s total area of 3792 km2 lies in the no vulnerable zone and about 69% is classified as having low pollution potential. The results also revealed that about 30% of the catchment area is moderately susceptible to pollution potential and slightly 1% is potentially under high pollution risk. These results suggest that almost one third of the AZB is at moderate risk of pollution potential. These areas are mainly in the north-east and central parts of the basin where the physical factors like gentle slope and high water table well support the chances of getting shallow aquifer water polluted. Areas with high vulnerable pollution are mainly the central of Amman old city., Validerad; 2013; 20130314 (nadhir)