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PR, IFPRI1; 3 Building Inclusive and Efficient Markets, Trade Systems, and Food Industry; 1 Fostering Climate-Resilient and Sustainable Food Supply; 5 Strengthening Institutions and Governance, DGO; MTID, Humanitarian interventions that have the greatest likelihood of success involve investing in local agrifood systems and including conflict-affected people in strategies for building, reviving, or strengthening these systems. KEY FINDINGS - More than half of all undernourished people live in countries affected by conflict. - Food insecurity and dispossession of agricultural assets can both trigger and result from civil strife. - Most conflict-affected countries are overwhelmingly rural, and rural populations are more vulnerable to climate shocks that often compound conflict situations. - Refugee host countries must often decide whether to focus responses on preparing affected populations to return home or helping them become economically self-reliant. - Integrating conflict-affected people into food systems— either in their new homes or the places they fled—can help them rebuild their lives.