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1. Author Correction: Open-access quantitative MRI data of the spinal cord and reproducibility across participants, sites and manufacturers (vol 8, 219, 2021)

Author

Cohen-Adad, Julien, Alonso Ortiz, Eva, Abramovic, Mihael, Arneitz, Carina, Atcheson, Nicole, Barlow, Laura, Barry, Robert L., Barth, Markus, Battiston, Marco, Büchel, Christian, Budde, Matthew, Callot, Virginie, Combes, Anna J. E., De Leener, Benjamin, Descoteaux, Maxime, de Sousa, Paulo Loureiro, Dostál, Marek, Doyon, Julien, Dvorak, Adam, Eippert, Falk, Epperson, Karla R., Epperson, Kevin S., Freund, Patrick, Finsterbusch, Jürgen, Foias, Alexandru, Fratini, Michela, Fukunaga, Issei, Wheeler-Kingshott, Claudia Angela M. Gandini, Germani, Giancarlo, Gilbert, Guillaume, Giove, Federico, Gros, Charley, Grussu, Francesco, Hagiwara, Akifumi, Henry, Pierre-Gilles, Horák, Tomáš, Hori, Masaaki, Joers, James, Kamiya, Kouhei, Karbasforoushan, Haleh, Keřkovský, Miloš, Khatibi, Ali, Kim, Joo-Won, Kinany, Nawal, Kitzler, Hagen H., Kolind, Shannon, Kong, Yazhuo, Kudlička, Petr, Kuntke, Paul, Kurniawan, Nyoman D., Kusmia, Slawomir, Labounek, René, Laganà, Maria Marcella, Laule, Cornelia, Law, Christine S., Lenglet, Christophe, Leutritz, Tobias, Liu, Yaou, Llufriu, Sara, Mackey, Sean, Martinez-Heras, Eloy, Mattera, Loan, Nestrasil, Igor, O’Grady, Kristin P., Papinutto, Nico, Papp, Daniel, Pareto, Deborah, Parrish, Todd B., Pichiecchio, Anna, Prados, Ferran, Rovira, Àlex, Ruitenberg, Marc J., Samson, Rebecca S., Savini, Giovanni, Seif, Maryam, Seifert, Alan C., Smith, Alex K., Smith, Seth A., Smith, Zachary A., Solana, Elisabeth, Suzuki, Y., Tackley, George, Tinnermann, Alexandra, Valošek, Jan, Van De Ville, Dimitri, Yiannakas, Marios C., Weber II, Kenneth A., Weiskopf, Nikolaus, Wise, Richard G., Wyss, Patrik O., Xu, Junqian, Cohen-Adad, Julien, Alonso Ortiz, Eva, Abramovic, Mihael, Arneitz, Carina, Atcheson, Nicole, Barlow, Laura, Barry, Robert L., Barth, Markus, Battiston, Marco, Büchel, Christian, Budde, Matthew, Callot, Virginie, Combes, Anna J. E., De Leener, Benjamin, Descoteaux, Maxime, de Sousa, Paulo Loureiro, Dostál, Marek, Doyon, Julien, Dvorak, Adam, Eippert, Falk, Epperson, Karla R., Epperson, Kevin S., Freund, Patrick, Finsterbusch, Jürgen, Foias, Alexandru, Fratini, Michela, Fukunaga, Issei, Wheeler-Kingshott, Claudia Angela M. Gandini, Germani, Giancarlo, Gilbert, Guillaume, Giove, Federico, Gros, Charley, Grussu, Francesco, Hagiwara, Akifumi, Henry, Pierre-Gilles, Horák, Tomáš, Hori, Masaaki, Joers, James, Kamiya, Kouhei, Karbasforoushan, Haleh, Keřkovský, Miloš, Khatibi, Ali, Kim, Joo-Won, Kinany, Nawal, Kitzler, Hagen H., Kolind, Shannon, Kong, Yazhuo, Kudlička, Petr, Kuntke, Paul, Kurniawan, Nyoman D., Kusmia, Slawomir, Labounek, René, Laganà, Maria Marcella, Laule, Cornelia, Law, Christine S., Lenglet, Christophe, Leutritz, Tobias, Liu, Yaou, Llufriu, Sara, Mackey, Sean, Martinez-Heras, Eloy, Mattera, Loan, Nestrasil, Igor, O’Grady, Kristin P., Papinutto, Nico, Papp, Daniel, Pareto, Deborah, Parrish, Todd B., Pichiecchio, Anna, Prados, Ferran, Rovira, Àlex, Ruitenberg, Marc J., Samson, Rebecca S., Savini, Giovanni, Seif, Maryam, Seifert, Alan C., Smith, Alex K., Smith, Seth A., Smith, Zachary A., Solana, Elisabeth, Suzuki, Y., Tackley, George, Tinnermann, Alexandra, Valošek, Jan, Van De Ville, Dimitri, Yiannakas, Marios C., Weber II, Kenneth A., Weiskopf, Nikolaus, Wise, Richard G., Wyss, Patrik O., and Xu, Junqian

Published
2021

2. Author Correction: Open-access quantitative MRI data of the spinal cord and reproducibility across participants, sites and manufacturers

Author

Cohen-Adad, Julien, Alonso Ortiz, Eva, Abramovic, Mihael, Arneitz, Carina, Atcheson, Nicole, Barlow, Laura, Barry, Robert, Barth, Markus, Battiston, Marco, Büchel, Christian, Budde, Matthew D., Callot, Virginie, Combes, Anna J.E., De Leener, Benjamin, Descoteaux, Maxime, Sousa, Paulo Loureiro de, Dostál, Marek, Doyon, Julien, Dvorak, Adam, Eippert, Falk, Epperson, Karla R., Epperson, Kevin S., Freund, Patrick, Finsterbusch, Jürgen, Foias, Alexandru, Fratini, Michela, Fukunaga, Issei, Wheeler-Kingshott, Claudia Angela M. Gandini, Gilbert, Guillaume, Giove, Federico, Gros, Charley, Grussu, Francesco, Hagiwara, Akifumi, Henry, Pierre-Gilles, Horak, Tomas, Hori, Masaaki, Joers, James M., Kamiya, Kazutaka, Karbasforoushan, Haleh, Keřkovský, Miloš, Khatibi, Ali, Kim, Joo-Won, Kinany, Nawal, Kitzler, Hagen H., Kolind, Shannon, Kong, Yazhuo, Kudlička, Petr, Kuntke, Paul, Kurniawan, Nyoman D., Kusmia, Slawomir, Labounek, René, Lagana, Maria Marcella, Laule, Cornelia, Law, Christine S., Lenglet, Christophe, Leutritz, Tobias, Liu, Yaou, Llufriu, Sara, Mackey, Sean, Martinez-Heras, Eloy, Nestrasil, Igor, O'Grady, Kristin P., Papinutto, Nico, Papp, Daniel S., Pareto, Deborah, Parrish, Todd B., Pichiecchio, Anna, Prados, Ferran, Rovira, Alex, Ruitenberg, Marc J., Samson, R., Seif, Maryam, Seifert, Alan C., Smith, Alex K., Smith, Seth A., Smith, Zachary A., Solana, Elisabeth, Suzuki, Yudai, Tackley, George, Tinnermann, Alexandra, Valošek, Jan, Ville, Dimitri Van De, Yiannakas, Marios C., Weber, Kenneth A., Weiskopf, Nikolaus, Wise, Richard G., Wyss, Patrik O., Xu, Junqian, Cohen-Adad, Julien, Alonso Ortiz, Eva, Abramovic, Mihael, Arneitz, Carina, Atcheson, Nicole, Barlow, Laura, Barry, Robert, Barth, Markus, Battiston, Marco, Büchel, Christian, Budde, Matthew D., Callot, Virginie, Combes, Anna J.E., De Leener, Benjamin, Descoteaux, Maxime, Sousa, Paulo Loureiro de, Dostál, Marek, Doyon, Julien, Dvorak, Adam, Eippert, Falk, Epperson, Karla R., Epperson, Kevin S., Freund, Patrick, Finsterbusch, Jürgen, Foias, Alexandru, Fratini, Michela, Fukunaga, Issei, Wheeler-Kingshott, Claudia Angela M. Gandini, Gilbert, Guillaume, Giove, Federico, Gros, Charley, Grussu, Francesco, Hagiwara, Akifumi, Henry, Pierre-Gilles, Horak, Tomas, Hori, Masaaki, Joers, James M., Kamiya, Kazutaka, Karbasforoushan, Haleh, Keřkovský, Miloš, Khatibi, Ali, Kim, Joo-Won, Kinany, Nawal, Kitzler, Hagen H., Kolind, Shannon, Kong, Yazhuo, Kudlička, Petr, Kuntke, Paul, Kurniawan, Nyoman D., Kusmia, Slawomir, Labounek, René, Lagana, Maria Marcella, Laule, Cornelia, Law, Christine S., Lenglet, Christophe, Leutritz, Tobias, Liu, Yaou, Llufriu, Sara, Mackey, Sean, Martinez-Heras, Eloy, Nestrasil, Igor, O'Grady, Kristin P., Papinutto, Nico, Papp, Daniel S., Pareto, Deborah, Parrish, Todd B., Pichiecchio, Anna, Prados, Ferran, Rovira, Alex, Ruitenberg, Marc J., Samson, R., Seif, Maryam, Seifert, Alan C., Smith, Alex K., Smith, Seth A., Smith, Zachary A., Solana, Elisabeth, Suzuki, Yudai, Tackley, George, Tinnermann, Alexandra, Valošek, Jan, Ville, Dimitri Van De, Yiannakas, Marios C., Weber, Kenneth A., Weiskopf, Nikolaus, Wise, Richard G., Wyss, Patrik O., and Xu, Junqian

Published
2021

3. Generic acquisition protocol for quantitative MRI of the spinal cord

Author

Cohen-Adad, Julien, Alonso Ortiz, Eva, Abramovic, Mihael, Arneitz, Carina, Atcheson, Nicole, Barlow, Laura, Barry, Robert L., Barth, Markus, Battiston, Marco, Büchel, Christian, Budde, Matthew, Callot, Virginie, Combes, Anna J. E., De Leener, Benjamin, Descoteaux, Maxime, de Sousa, Paulo Loureiro, Dostál, Marek, Doyon, Julien, Dvorak, Adam, Eippert, Falk, Epperson, Karla R., Epperson, Kevin S., Freund, Patrick, Finsterbusch, Jürgen, Foias, Alexandru, Fratini, Michela, Fukunaga, Issei, Wheeler-Kingshott, Claudia Angela M. Gandini, Germani, Giancarlo, Gilbert, Guillaume, Giove, Federico, Gros, Charley, Grussu, Francesco, Hagiwara, Akifumi, Henry, Pierre-Gilles, Horák, Tomáš, Hori, Masaaki, Joers, James, Kamiya, Kouhei, Karbasforoushan, Haleh, Keřkovský, Miloš, Khatibi, Ali, Kim, Joo-Won, Kinany, Nawal, Kitzler, Hagen, Kolind, Shannon, Kong, Yazhuo, Kudlička, Petr, Kuntke, Paul, Kurniawan, Nyoman D., Kusmia, Slawomir, Labounek, René, Laganà, Maria Marcella, Laule, Cornelia, Law, Christine S., Lenglet, Christophe, Leutritz, Tobias, Liu, Yaou, Llufriu, Sara, Mackey, Sean, Martinez-Heras, Eloy, Mattera, Loan, Nestrasil, Igor, O'Grady, Kristin P., Papinutto, Nico, Papp, Daniel, Pareto, Deborah, Parrish, Todd B., Pichiecchio, Anna, Prados, Ferran, Rovira, Àlex, Ruitenberg, Marc J., Samson, Rebecca S., Savini, Giovanni, Seif, Maryam, Seifert, Alan C., Smith, Alex K., Smith, Seth A., Smith, Zachary A., Solana, Elisabeth, Suzuki, Yuichi, Tackley, George, Tinnermann, Alexandra, Valošek, Jan, Van De Ville, Dimitri, Yiannakas, Marios C., Weber, Kenneth A., Weiskopf, Nikolaus, Wise, Richard G., Wyss, Patrik O., Xu, Junqian, Cohen-Adad, Julien, Alonso Ortiz, Eva, Abramovic, Mihael, Arneitz, Carina, Atcheson, Nicole, Barlow, Laura, Barry, Robert L., Barth, Markus, Battiston, Marco, Büchel, Christian, Budde, Matthew, Callot, Virginie, Combes, Anna J. E., De Leener, Benjamin, Descoteaux, Maxime, de Sousa, Paulo Loureiro, Dostál, Marek, Doyon, Julien, Dvorak, Adam, Eippert, Falk, Epperson, Karla R., Epperson, Kevin S., Freund, Patrick, Finsterbusch, Jürgen, Foias, Alexandru, Fratini, Michela, Fukunaga, Issei, Wheeler-Kingshott, Claudia Angela M. Gandini, Germani, Giancarlo, Gilbert, Guillaume, Giove, Federico, Gros, Charley, Grussu, Francesco, Hagiwara, Akifumi, Henry, Pierre-Gilles, Horák, Tomáš, Hori, Masaaki, Joers, James, Kamiya, Kouhei, Karbasforoushan, Haleh, Keřkovský, Miloš, Khatibi, Ali, Kim, Joo-Won, Kinany, Nawal, Kitzler, Hagen, Kolind, Shannon, Kong, Yazhuo, Kudlička, Petr, Kuntke, Paul, Kurniawan, Nyoman D., Kusmia, Slawomir, Labounek, René, Laganà, Maria Marcella, Laule, Cornelia, Law, Christine S., Lenglet, Christophe, Leutritz, Tobias, Liu, Yaou, Llufriu, Sara, Mackey, Sean, Martinez-Heras, Eloy, Mattera, Loan, Nestrasil, Igor, O'Grady, Kristin P., Papinutto, Nico, Papp, Daniel, Pareto, Deborah, Parrish, Todd B., Pichiecchio, Anna, Prados, Ferran, Rovira, Àlex, Ruitenberg, Marc J., Samson, Rebecca S., Savini, Giovanni, Seif, Maryam, Seifert, Alan C., Smith, Alex K., Smith, Seth A., Smith, Zachary A., Solana, Elisabeth, Suzuki, Yuichi, Tackley, George, Tinnermann, Alexandra, Valošek, Jan, Van De Ville, Dimitri, Yiannakas, Marios C., Weber, Kenneth A., Weiskopf, Nikolaus, Wise, Richard G., Wyss, Patrik O., and Xu, Junqian

Abstract

Quantitative spinal cord (SC) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) presents many challenges, including a lack of standardized imaging protocols. Here we present a prospectively harmonized quantitative MRI protocol, which we refer to as the spine generic protocol, for users of 3T MRI systems from the three main manufacturers: GE, Philips and Siemens. The protocol provides guidance for assessing SC macrostructural and microstructural integrity: T1-weighted and T2-weighted imaging for SC cross-sectional area computation, multi-echo gradient echo for gray matter cross-sectional area, and magnetization transfer and diffusion weighted imaging for assessing white matter microstructure. In a companion paper from the same authors, the spine generic protocol was used to acquire data across 42 centers in 260 healthy subjects. The key details of the spine generic protocol are also available in an open-access document that can be found at https://github.com/spine-generic/protocols. The protocol will serve as a starting point for researchers and clinicians implementing new SC imaging initiatives so that, in the future, inclusion of the SC in neuroimaging protocols will be more common. The protocol could be implemented by any trained MR technician or by a researcher/clinician familiar with MRI acquisition.

Published
2021

4. Open-access quantitative MRI data of the spinal cord and reproducibility across participants, sites and manufacturers

Author

Cohen-Adad, Julien, Alonso Ortiz, Eva, Abramovic, Mihael, Arneitz, Carina, Atcheson, Nicole, Barlow, Laura, Barry, Robert L., Barth, Markus, Battiston, Marco, Büchel, Christian, Budde, Matthew, Callot, Virginie, Combes, Anna J. E., De Leener, Benjamin, Descoteaux, Maxime, de Sousa, Paulo Loureiro, Dostál, Marek, Doyon, Julien, Dvorak, Adam, Eippert, Falk, Epperson, Karla R., Epperson, Kevin S., Freund, Patrick, Finsterbusch, Jürgen, Foias, Alexandru, Fratini, Michela, Fukunaga, Issei, Wheeler-Kingshott, Claudia Angela M. Gandini, Germani, Giancarlo, Gilbert, Guillaume, Giove, Federico, Gros, Charley, Grussu, Francesco, Hagiwara, Akifumi, Henry, Pierre-Gilles, Horák, Tomáš, Hori, Masaaki, Joers, James, Kamiya, Kouhei, Karbasforoushan, Haleh, Keřkovský, Miloš, Khatibi, Ali, Kim, Joo-Won, Kinany, Nawal, Kitzler, Hagen H., Kolind, Shannon, Kong, Yazhuo, Kudlička, Petr, Kuntke, Paul, Kurniawan, Nyoman D., Kusmia, Slawomir, Labounek, René, Laganà, Maria Marcella, Laule, Cornelia, Law, Christine S., Lenglet, Christophe, Leutritz, Tobias, Liu, Yaou, Llufriu, Sara, Mackey, Sean, Martinez-Heras, Eloy, Mattera, Loan, Nestrasil, Igor, O’Grady, Kristin P., Papinutto, Nico, Papp, Daniel, Pareto, Deborah, Parrish, Todd B., Pichiecchio, Anna, Prados, Ferran, Rovira, Àlex, Ruitenberg, Marc J., Samson, Rebecca S., Savini, Giovanni, Seif, Maryam, Seifert, Alan C., Smith, Alex K., Smith, Seth A., Smith, Zachary A., Solana, Elisabeth, Suzuki, Y., Tackley, George, Tinnermann, Alexandra, Valošek, Jan, Van De Ville, Dimitri, Yiannakas, Marios C., Weber II, Kenneth A., Weiskopf, Nikolaus, Wise, Richard G., Wyss, Patrik O., Xu, Junqian, Cohen-Adad, Julien, Alonso Ortiz, Eva, Abramovic, Mihael, Arneitz, Carina, Atcheson, Nicole, Barlow, Laura, Barry, Robert L., Barth, Markus, Battiston, Marco, Büchel, Christian, Budde, Matthew, Callot, Virginie, Combes, Anna J. E., De Leener, Benjamin, Descoteaux, Maxime, de Sousa, Paulo Loureiro, Dostál, Marek, Doyon, Julien, Dvorak, Adam, Eippert, Falk, Epperson, Karla R., Epperson, Kevin S., Freund, Patrick, Finsterbusch, Jürgen, Foias, Alexandru, Fratini, Michela, Fukunaga, Issei, Wheeler-Kingshott, Claudia Angela M. Gandini, Germani, Giancarlo, Gilbert, Guillaume, Giove, Federico, Gros, Charley, Grussu, Francesco, Hagiwara, Akifumi, Henry, Pierre-Gilles, Horák, Tomáš, Hori, Masaaki, Joers, James, Kamiya, Kouhei, Karbasforoushan, Haleh, Keřkovský, Miloš, Khatibi, Ali, Kim, Joo-Won, Kinany, Nawal, Kitzler, Hagen H., Kolind, Shannon, Kong, Yazhuo, Kudlička, Petr, Kuntke, Paul, Kurniawan, Nyoman D., Kusmia, Slawomir, Labounek, René, Laganà, Maria Marcella, Laule, Cornelia, Law, Christine S., Lenglet, Christophe, Leutritz, Tobias, Liu, Yaou, Llufriu, Sara, Mackey, Sean, Martinez-Heras, Eloy, Mattera, Loan, Nestrasil, Igor, O’Grady, Kristin P., Papinutto, Nico, Papp, Daniel, Pareto, Deborah, Parrish, Todd B., Pichiecchio, Anna, Prados, Ferran, Rovira, Àlex, Ruitenberg, Marc J., Samson, Rebecca S., Savini, Giovanni, Seif, Maryam, Seifert, Alan C., Smith, Alex K., Smith, Seth A., Smith, Zachary A., Solana, Elisabeth, Suzuki, Y., Tackley, George, Tinnermann, Alexandra, Valošek, Jan, Van De Ville, Dimitri, Yiannakas, Marios C., Weber II, Kenneth A., Weiskopf, Nikolaus, Wise, Richard G., Wyss, Patrik O., and Xu, Junqian

Abstract

In a companion paper by Cohen-Adad et al. we introduce the spine generic quantitative MRI protocol that provides valuable metrics for assessing spinal cord macrostructural and microstructural integrity. This protocol was used to acquire a single subject dataset across 19 centers and a multi-subject dataset across 42 centers (for a total of 260 participants), spanning the three main MRI manufacturers: GE, Philips and Siemens. Both datasets are publicly available via git-annex. Data were analysed using the Spinal Cord Toolbox to produce normative values as well as inter/intra-site and inter/intra-manufacturer statistics. Reproducibility for the spine generic protocol was high across sites and manufacturers, with an average inter-site coefficient of variation of less than 5% for all the metrics. Full documentation and results can be found at https://spine-generic.rtfd.io/. The datasets and analysis pipeline will help pave the way towards accessible and reproducible quantitative MRI in the spinal cord.

Published
2021

5. ZOOM or non-ZOOM? Assessing spinal cord diffusion tensor imaging protocols for multi-centre studies

Author

Samson, Rebecca S., Lévy, Simon, Schneider, Torben, Smith, Alex K., Smith, Seth A., Cohen-Adad, Julien, Wheeler-Kingshott, Claudia Angela M. Gandini, Samson, Rebecca S., Lévy, Simon, Schneider, Torben, Smith, Alex K., Smith, Seth A., Cohen-Adad, Julien, and Wheeler-Kingshott, Claudia Angela M. Gandini

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate two spinal cord (SC) diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) protocols, implemented at multiple sites (using scanners from two different manufacturers), one available on any clinical scanner, and one using more advanced options currently available in the research setting, and to use an automated processing method for unbiased quantification. DTI parameters are sensitive to changes in the diseased SC. However, imaging the cord can be technically challenging due to various factors including its small size, patient-related and physiological motion, and field inhomogeneities. Rapid acquisition sequences such as Echo Planar Imaging (EPI) are desirable but may suffer from image distortions. We present a multi-centre comparison of two acquisition protocols implemented on scanners from two different vendors (Siemens and Philips), one using a reduced field-of-view (rFOV) EPI sequence, and one only using options available on standard clinical scanners such as outer volume suppression (OVS). Automatic analysis was performed with the Spinal Cord Toolbox for unbiased and reproducible quantification of DTI metrics in the white matter. Images acquired using the rFOV sequence appear less distorted than those acquired using OVS alone. SC DTI parameter values obtained using both sequences at all sites were consistent with previous measurements made at 3T. For the same scanner manufacturer, DTI parameter inter-site SDs were smaller for the rFOV sequence compared to the OVS sequence. The higher inter-site reproducibility (for the same manufacturer and acquisition details, i.e. ZOOM data acquired at the two Philips sites) of rFOV compared to the OVS sequence supports the idea that making research options such as rFOV more widely available would improve accuracy of measurements obtained in multi-centre clinical trials. Future multi-centre studies should also aim to match the rFOV technique and signal-to-noise ratios in all sequences

Published
2016

6. Pain in Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Dementia: Results from the National Health and Aging Trends Study.

Author

Hunt, Lauren J, Hunt, Lauren J, Covinsky, Kenneth E, Yaffe, Kristine, Stephens, Caroline E, Miao, Yinghui, Boscardin, W John, Smith, Alex K, Hunt, Lauren J, Hunt, Lauren J, Covinsky, Kenneth E, Yaffe, Kristine, Stephens, Caroline E, Miao, Yinghui, Boscardin, W John, and Smith, Alex K

Abstract

ObjectivesTo report prevalence, correlates, and medication management of pain in community-dwelling older adults with dementia.DesignCross-sectional.SettingIn-person interviews with self- or proxy respondents living in private residences or non-nursing home residential care settings.ParticipantsNationally representative sample of community-dwelling Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 and older enrolled in the National Health and Aging Trends Study 2011 wave.MeasurementsDementia status was determined using a modified previously validated algorithm. Participants were asked whether they had had bothersome and activity-limiting pain over the past month. A multivariable Poisson regression model was used to determine the relationship between bothersome pain and sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.ResultsOf the 7,609 participants with complete data on cognitive function, 802 had dementia (67.2% aged ≥80, 65.0% female, 67.9% white, 49.7% proxy response, 32.0% lived alone, 18.8% lived in residential care); 670 (63.5%) participants with dementia experienced bothersome pain, and 347 (43.3%) had pain that limited activities. These rates were significantly higher than in a propensity score-matched cohort without dementia (54.5% bothersome pain, P < .001, 27.2% pain that limited activity, P < .001). Proxies reported slightly higher rates of pain than self-respondents, but differences were statistically significant only for activity-limiting pain (46.6% proxy vs 40.1% self, P = .03). Correlates of bothersome pain included arthritis, heart and lung disease, less than high school education, activity of daily living disability, depressive and anxiety symptoms, and low energy. Of those reporting pain, 30.3% stated that they rarely or never took any medications for pain.ConclusionCommunity-living older adults with dementia are at high risk of having pain. Creative interventions and programs are needed to manage pain adequately in this vulnerable population.

Published
2015

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