Search

Hamai R., Sakai S., Shiwaku Y., et al. Octacalcium phosphate crystals including a higher density dislocation improve its materials osteogenecity. Applied Materials Today, 26, 101279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2021.101279., Herein, we show that the enhanced osteogenecity of octacalcium phosphate (OCP) biomaterial, recently identified as an important element in hybrid organic–inorganic nanocomposites involved in the initial hydroxyapatite crystal expansion in mammal bones, results from an enhanced chemical property, stemming from the presence of lattice strain and dislocations. Two types of OCPs were synthesized by wet-chemical processing in the presence (c-OCP) and absence (w-OCP) of gelatin, respectively, and subjected to structural, chemical, and biological analyses. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and fast Fourier transform (FFT) analyses revealed that c-OCP crystals contained approximately six times higher edge dislocations with Burgers vectors perpendicular to a-axis than that in the case of w-OCP. The dissolution of c-OCP crystal in tris-HCl buffer occurred toward the long axis of the crystal, most likely, toward the lattice strain along the c-axis direction, while w-OCP crystal dissolved toward the a-axis direction. The study suggested that the increment of internal energy by the higher dislocation density contributed promoting c-OCP dissolution and hydrolysis through decreasing the activation energy. c-OCP crystal displayed enhanced in vitro mesenchymal stem 2D cell and 3D spheroid differentiation, in vivo bone formation, and apatite crystallographic orientation in critical-sized rat calvarial defect model as compared to w-OCP crystal, at the same time, converting to apatite structure earlier than w-OCP. The present study demonstrates that dislocation-related dissolution along with enhanced conversion of OCP is a determinant in bone induction, which may be relevant to normal bone development utilizing OCP biomaterials.

Hamai R., Sakai S., Shiwaku Y., et al. Octacalcium phosphate crystals including a higher density dislocation improve its materials osteogenecity. Applied Materials Today, 26, 101279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2021.101279., Herein, we show that the enhanced osteogenecity of octacalcium phosphate (OCP) biomaterial, recently identified as an important element in hybrid organic–inorganic nanocomposites involved in the initial hydroxyapatite crystal expansion in mammal bones, results from an enhanced chemical property, stemming from the presence of lattice strain and dislocations. Two types of OCPs were synthesized by wet-chemical processing in the presence (c-OCP) and absence (w-OCP) of gelatin, respectively, and subjected to structural, chemical, and biological analyses. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and fast Fourier transform (FFT) analyses revealed that c-OCP crystals contained approximately six times higher edge dislocations with Burgers vectors perpendicular to a-axis than that in the case of w-OCP. The dissolution of c-OCP crystal in tris-HCl buffer occurred toward the long axis of the crystal, most likely, toward the lattice strain along the c-axis direction, while w-OCP crystal dissolved toward the a-axis direction. The study suggested that the increment of internal energy by the higher dislocation density contributed promoting c-OCP dissolution and hydrolysis through decreasing the activation energy. c-OCP crystal displayed enhanced in vitro mesenchymal stem 2D cell and 3D spheroid differentiation, in vivo bone formation, and apatite crystallographic orientation in critical-sized rat calvarial defect model as compared to w-OCP crystal, at the same time, converting to apatite structure earlier than w-OCP. The present study demonstrates that dislocation-related dissolution along with enhanced conversion of OCP is a determinant in bone induction, which may be relevant to normal bone development utilizing OCP biomaterials.

Kameoka Y, Kishi F, Koura M, et al. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2019;13:555–568.  The authors have advised that there was an error in the text.  Page 561, beginning at the left-hand bottom of the page, “The number of peripheral blood lymphocytes and granulocytes did not change in the aVAP2-administered mice: WBCs: 4.42 (1.36–7.57)×109 cells/L vs 3.14 (1.48–15.7)×109 cells/L (Figure S3A). The number of granulocytes decreased: 0.15 (0.05–1.04)×109 cells/L vs 0.22 (0.04 0.69)×109 cells/L (Figure S3B).” should instead read “The number of peripheral blood lymphocytes and granulocytes did not change in the aVAP2-administered mice: WBCs: 2.11 (1.36–2.44)×109 cells/L vs 3.14 (1.48–15.7)×109 cells/L (Figure S3A). The number of granulocytes decreased: 0.055 (0.03–0.08)×109 cells/L vs 0.22 (0.04–0.69)×109 cells/L (Figure S3B).”  Read the original article &nbsp

Yosuke Kameoka,1 Fukuko Kishi,1 Minako Koura,2 Yoshio Yamakawa,1 Rora Nagasawa,1 Fuyu Ito,3 Junichiro Matsuda,2 Osamu Suzuki,2 Toshinori Nakayama,4 Kazuo Suzuki1,3–5 1Department of Research and Development, A-CLIP Institute, Ltd., Chiba, Japan; 2Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan; 3Asia International Institute of Infectious Disease Control, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan; 4Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; 5Department of Immunology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan Background: Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA) associated vasculitis is a pauci-immune disease with the inflammation of the small blood vessels. The efficacies of antibody drugs for induction therapies of vasculitis vary among cases. Here, we developed a novel clone of a single chain Fv region (ScFv) with vasculitis-specific therapeutic potential.Materials and methods: The clone, termed VasSF, was selected from our Escherichia coli expression library of recombinant human ScFv based on the therapeutic efficacy in an SCG/Kj mouse model of MPO-ANCA-associated vasculitis (MAAV), such as improvement of the urinary score and decreased crescent formation in glomeruli, granulomatous in lung, MPO-ANCA biomarkers, the anti-moesin antibody, and some cytokine levels.Results: We identified vasculitis-associated apolipoprotein A-II (VAP2) as a target molecule of the clone and confirmed the independently-established VAP2 antibodies were also therapeutic in SCG/Kj mice. In MAAV, MPO-ANCA and cytokines stimulate neutrophils by facilitating heterodimer formation of VAP2 with apolipoprotein A-I in HDL. Conclusion: VasSF would constitute a novel antibody drug for vasculitis by suppressing the heterodimer formation of the apolipoproteins. Keywords: VasSF, ANCA antibody drug, apolipoprotein, HDL, myeloperoxidase, MPO, SCG/Kj, vasculit

Recently, cobalt (Co) is reported to be taken as a supplement by athletes for improving anaerobic performance. For the diagnosis of abuse, the limit of detection (LOD) of Co in the analysis should be lower than the concentrations of Co in plasma and urine of normal persons. A simple, rapid and sensitive method has been developed for the determination of Co in urine. Co was complexed with diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) and extracted with isoamyl alcohol in the presence of citric acid. The detection of Co was achieved by injecting a 1 ?l aliquot of isoamyl alcohol containing Co-DDC complex directly into an electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric (ESI-MS-MS) instrument without chromatographic separation. The quantification was performed using selected reaction monitoring at m/z 291 of the product ion Co(C4H10NCS)2+ which was produced by collision-induced dissociation from the precursor ion Co(DDC)2+ at m/z 355. ESI-MS-MS data were obtained in less than 10 min with an LOD of 0.05 ?gl-1 and a linear calibration range of 0.1 ? 100 ?gl-1 using 10 ?l of urine. The procedure was validated with certified reference materials (SRM 2670a and SRM 1643e). This method is suitable for the analysis of Co in the laboratories already equipped with an ESI-MS-MS instrument.

Determination of platinum (Pt) derived from cisplatin in tissues was performed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) using silver (Ag) as the internal standard. Pt and Ag reacted with diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC), and were extracted using isoamylalcohol and acidified with oxalic acid. The compounds were termed Pt(DDC)3 + and Ag(DDC)2 +, based on their m/z values exhibiting the highest peaks at m/z 639 and m/z 405, respectively. The limit of detection was 30 pg and the quantitation range was from 100 to 10000 pg using 5 mg tissue. The present method allowed the determination of Pt in wet-ashed tissue in 10 minutes.

Melamine is a raw ingredient for plastics, but it is frequently misused by adding it to food to give the false impression of a high protein content, since the molecule has a very high nitrogen content. Samples of dried milk obtained from 5 manufacturers containing varying levels of melamine were illuminated by a small cross-section of a laser beam and the scattered light was examined. The presence of melamine in contaminated milk could be immediately detected without any chemical or physical alteration of the milk by interpreting its Raman scattering spectra. Among its many Raman bands, the intense 676 cm-1 band was the most useful for detecting melamine; detection limit was about 1% (w/w). Because this method does not extract melamine from the dried milk sample, it reduces the risk of error that may occur during the extraction and interaction with chemical reagents. The method provides a very rapid screening test for melamine-adulterated dried milk in food chemistry and forensic toxicology.

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2002., Includes bibliographical references (leaves 155-156)., by Osamu Suzuki., S.M.

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2002., Includes bibliographical references (leaves 155-156)., by Osamu Suzuki., S.M.

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2002., Includes bibliographical references (leaves 155-156)., by Osamu Suzuki., S.M.

type:Text, Glycosylation has recently become one of the most significant subjects in tumor biology, and cell surface glycosylation is closely associated with various biological phenomena in tumor cells. However, the biological significance of cell surface glycosylation and sialic acid linked to glycans in human malignant lymphoma is not well elucidated. We have determined that 1) sialylation or loss of N-glycosylation is closely associated with a worse prognosis in human diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and 2) glycosylation or sialic acid on the surface of lymphoma cells plays significant roles in cell adhesion or invasion to the extracellular matrix, cell growth, apoptosis and cell death. In the present review, the biological functions of glycosylation or sialic acid in human malignant lymphoma are discussed.

Hamai R., Sakai S., Shiwaku Y., et al. Octacalcium phosphate crystals including a higher density dislocation improve its materials osteogenecity. Applied Materials Today, 26, 101279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2021.101279., Herein, we show that the enhanced osteogenecity of octacalcium phosphate (OCP) biomaterial, recently identified as an important element in hybrid organic–inorganic nanocomposites involved in the initial hydroxyapatite crystal expansion in mammal bones, results from an enhanced chemical property, stemming from the presence of lattice strain and dislocations. Two types of OCPs were synthesized by wet-chemical processing in the presence (c-OCP) and absence (w-OCP) of gelatin, respectively, and subjected to structural, chemical, and biological analyses. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and fast Fourier transform (FFT) analyses revealed that c-OCP crystals contained approximately six times higher edge dislocations with Burgers vectors perpendicular to a-axis than that in the case of w-OCP. The dissolution of c-OCP crystal in tris-HCl buffer occurred toward the long axis of the crystal, most likely, toward the lattice strain along the c-axis direction, while w-OCP crystal dissolved toward the a-axis direction. The study suggested that the increment of internal energy by the higher dislocation density contributed promoting c-OCP dissolution and hydrolysis through decreasing the activation energy. c-OCP crystal displayed enhanced in vitro mesenchymal stem 2D cell and 3D spheroid differentiation, in vivo bone formation, and apatite crystallographic orientation in critical-sized rat calvarial defect model as compared to w-OCP crystal, at the same time, converting to apatite structure earlier than w-OCP. The present study demonstrates that dislocation-related dissolution along with enhanced conversion of OCP is a determinant in bone induction, which may be relevant to normal bone development utilizing OCP biomaterials.

Hamai R., Sakai S., Shiwaku Y., et al. Octacalcium phosphate crystals including a higher density dislocation improve its materials osteogenecity. Applied Materials Today, 26, 101279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2021.101279., Herein, we show that the enhanced osteogenecity of octacalcium phosphate (OCP) biomaterial, recently identified as an important element in hybrid organic–inorganic nanocomposites involved in the initial hydroxyapatite crystal expansion in mammal bones, results from an enhanced chemical property, stemming from the presence of lattice strain and dislocations. Two types of OCPs were synthesized by wet-chemical processing in the presence (c-OCP) and absence (w-OCP) of gelatin, respectively, and subjected to structural, chemical, and biological analyses. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and fast Fourier transform (FFT) analyses revealed that c-OCP crystals contained approximately six times higher edge dislocations with Burgers vectors perpendicular to a-axis than that in the case of w-OCP. The dissolution of c-OCP crystal in tris-HCl buffer occurred toward the long axis of the crystal, most likely, toward the lattice strain along the c-axis direction, while w-OCP crystal dissolved toward the a-axis direction. The study suggested that the increment of internal energy by the higher dislocation density contributed promoting c-OCP dissolution and hydrolysis through decreasing the activation energy. c-OCP crystal displayed enhanced in vitro mesenchymal stem 2D cell and 3D spheroid differentiation, in vivo bone formation, and apatite crystallographic orientation in critical-sized rat calvarial defect model as compared to w-OCP crystal, at the same time, converting to apatite structure earlier than w-OCP. The present study demonstrates that dislocation-related dissolution along with enhanced conversion of OCP is a determinant in bone induction, which may be relevant to normal bone development utilizing OCP biomaterials.