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1. Cell markers for air chamber development in Marchantia polymorpha

Author

Tomaselli, Marta, Haseloff, Jim, and Schornack, Sebastian

Subjects
marchantia polymorpha, plant sciences, synthetic biology
Abstract

Marchantia polymorpha, thanks to its small genome and its simple cellular architecture, is an excellent model for the study of developmental processes. Marchantia can propagate asexually producing small flat disc-like propagules, called gemmae, that develop into adult plants. Gemmae have an open mode of development, which facilitates the live observation of developmental processes. The fundamental processes underlying morphogenesis in plants are poorly understood and epidermal patterning represents one of the key events during plant development. Marchantia produces characteristic epidermal structures called air chambers that represent an example of a self-organising, three-dimensional morphological unit that has a modular and repetitive arrangement, similar to the one observed in stomata meristemoid cells in vascular plants. To date, the cellular scale and the genetic description of air chamber development are poorly resolved. Therefore, in this dissertation I applied modern genetic and microscopy tools to better map the process of air chamber morphogenesis at a cellular scale and to generate genetic markers to understand the steps involved in this developmental process. Similar tools have been used in Arabidopsis thaliana, and they have shown that patterning and cell differentiation can be dissected into discrete steps that provide insights into the mechanisms controlling the process and can also represent valuable targets for engineering the entire process. In my thesis, I developed high resolution imaging techniques to produce a systematic description of air chamber development. I generated genetic resources to identify potential candidate genes involved in air chamber development by comparing the transcriptome of wild type plants and the nopperabo1 (nop1) mutants that are unable to produce air chambers. Candidate genes were used to build a collection of cellular markers to be screened for their potential involvement in air chamber patterning. The screening led to the identification of two potential transcription factors, MpbHLH24 and MpWRKY10.

Published
2020
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2. Clinical Impact of the Volumetric Quantification of Ventricular Secondary Mitral Regurgitation by Three-dimensional Echocardiography

Author

Tomaselli, M, Badano, L, Oliverio, G, Curti, E, Pece, C, Springhetti, P, Milazzo, S, Clement, A, Penso, M, Gavazzoni, M, Hădăreanu, D, Mihaila, S, Pugliesi, G, Delcea, C, Muraru, D, Tomaselli M, Badano L, Oliverio G, Curti E, Pece C, Springhetti P, Milazzo S, Clement A, Penso M, Gavazzoni M, Hădăreanu DR, Mihaila SB, Pugliesi GM, Delcea C, Muraru D., Tomaselli, M, Badano, L, Oliverio, G, Curti, E, Pece, C, Springhetti, P, Milazzo, S, Clement, A, Penso, M, Gavazzoni, M, Hădăreanu, D, Mihaila, S, Pugliesi, G, Delcea, C, Muraru, D, Tomaselli M, Badano L, Oliverio G, Curti E, Pece C, Springhetti P, Milazzo S, Clement A, Penso M, Gavazzoni M, Hădăreanu DR, Mihaila SB, Pugliesi GM, Delcea C, and Muraru D.

Abstract

Background: The assessment of ventricular secondary mitral regurgitation (v-SMR) severity through effective regurgitant orifice area (EROA) and regurgitant volume (RegVol) calculations using the proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA) method and the two-dimensional echocardiography volumetric method (2DEVM) is prone to underestimation. Accordingly, we sought to investigate the accuracy of the three-dimensional echocardiography volumetric method (3DEVM) and its association with outcomes in v-SMR patients. Methods: We included 229 patients (70 ± 13 years, 74% men) with v-SMR. We compared EROA and RegVol calculated by the 3DEVM, 2DEVM, and PISA methods. The end point was a composite of heart failure hospitalization and death for any cause. Results: After a mean follow-up of 20 ±11 months, 98 patients (43%) reached the end point. Regurgitant volume and EROA calculated by 3DEVM were larger than those calculated by 2DEVM and PISA. Using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, both EROA (area under the curve, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.68-0.81; P = .008) and RegVol (AUC, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.68-0.82; P = .02) measured by 3DEVM showed the highest association with the outcome at 2 years compared to PISA and 2DEVM (P < .05 for all). Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated a significantly higher rate of events in patients with EROA ≥ 0.3 cm2 (cumulative survival at 2 years: 28% ± 7% vs 32% ± 10% vs 30% ± 11%) and RegVol ≥ 45 mL (cumulative survival at 2 years: 21% ± 7% vs 24% ± 13% vs 22% ± 10%) by 3DEVM compared to those by PISA and 2DEVM, respectively. In Cox multivariable analysis, 3DEVM EROA remained independently associated with the end point (hazard ratio, 1.02, 95% CI, 1.00-1.05; P = .02). The model including EROA by 3DEVM provided significant incremental value to predict the combined end point compared to those using 2DEVM (net reclassification index = 0.51, P = .003; integrated discrimination index = 0.04, P = .014) and PISA (net reclassification index = 0.80, P < .001; i

Published
2024

3. The resonant history of gravitational atoms in black hole binaries

Author

Tomaselli, Giovanni Maria, Spieksma, Thomas F. M., Bertone, Gianfranco, Tomaselli, Giovanni Maria, Spieksma, Thomas F. M., and Bertone, Gianfranco

Abstract

Rotating black holes can produce superradiant clouds of ultralight bosons. When the black hole is part of a binary system, its cloud can undergo resonances and ionization. These processes leave a distinct signature on the gravitational waveform that depends on the cloud's properties. To determine the state of the cloud by the time the system enters the band of future millihertz detectors, we study the chronological sequence of resonances encountered during the inspiral. For the first time, we consistently take into account the nonlinearities induced by the orbital backreaction and we allow the orbit to have generic eccentricity and inclination. We find that the resonance phenomenology exhibits striking new features. Resonances can "start" or "break" above critical thresholds of the parameters, which we compute analytically, and induce dramatic changes in eccentricity and inclination. Applying these results to realistic systems, we find two possible outcomes. If the binary and the cloud are sufficiently close to counter-rotating, the cloud survives in its original state until the system enters in band; otherwise, the cloud is destroyed during a resonance at large separations, but leaves an imprint on the eccentricity and inclination. In both scenarios, we characterize the observational signatures, with particular focus on future gravitational wave detectors., Comment: 36+9 pages, 16 figures

Published
2024

4. Reading tea leaves worldwide : decoupled drivers of initial litter decomposition mass-loss rate and stabilization

Author

Sarneel, Judith M., Hefting, Mariet M., Sandén, Taru, van den Hoogen, Johan, Routh, Devin, Adhikari, Bhupendra S., Alatalo, Juha M., Aleksanyan, Alla, Althuizen, Inge H. J., Alsafran, Mohammed H. S. A., Atkins, Jeff W., Augusto, Laurent, Aurela, Mika, Azarov, Aleksej V., Barrio, Isabel C., Beier, Claus, Bejarano, María D., Benham, Sue E., Berg, Björn, Bezler, Nadezhda V., Björnsdóttir, Katrín, Bolinder, Martin A., Carbognani, Michele, Cazzolla Gatti, Roberto, Chelli, Stefano, Chistotin, Maxim V., Christiansen, Casper T., Courtois, Pascal, Crowther, Thomas W., Dechoum, Michele S., Djukic, Ika, Duddigan, Sarah, Egerton-Warburton, Louise M., Fanin, Nicolas, Fantappiè, Maria, Fares, Silvano, Fernandes, Geraldo W., Filippova, Nina V., Fliessbach, Andreas, Fuentes, David, Godoy, Roberto, Grünwald, Thomas, Guzmán, Gema, Hawes, Joseph E., He, Yue, Hero, Jean-Marc, Hess, Laura L., Hogendoorn, Katja, Høye, Toke T., Jans, Wilma W. P., Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg S., Keller, Sabina, Kepfer-Rojas, Sebastian, Kuz'menko, Natalya N., Larsen, Klaus S., Laudon, Hjalmar, Lembrechts, Jonas J., Li, Junhui, Limousin, Jean-Marc, Lukin, Sergey M., Marques, Renato, Marín, César, McDaniel, Marshall D., Meek, Qi, Merzlaya, Genrietta E., Michelsen, Anders, Montagnani, Leonardo, Mueller, Peter, Murugan, Rajasekaran, Myers-Smith, Isla H., Nolte, Stefanie, Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl, Okafor, Bernard N., Okorkov, Vladimir V., Onipchenko, Vladimir G., Orozco, María C., Parkhurst, Tina, Peres, Carlos A., Petit Bon, Matteo, Petraglia, Alessandro, Pingel, Martin, Rebmann, Corinna, Scheffers, Brett R., Schmidt, Inger, Scholes, Mary C., Sheffer, Efrat, Shevtsova, Lyudmila K., Smith, Stuart W., Sofo, Adriano, Stevenson, Pablo R., Strouhalová, Barbora, Sundsdal, Anders, Sühs, Rafael B., Tamene, Gebretsadik, Thomas, Haydn J. D., Tolunay, Duygu, Tomaselli, Marcello, Tresch, Simon, Tucker, Dominique L., Ulyshen, Michael D., Valdecantos, Alejandro, Vandvik, Vigdis, Vanguelova, Elena I., Verheyen, Kris, Wang, Xuhui, Yahdjian, Laura, Yumashev, Xaris S., Keuskamp, Joost A., Sarneel, Judith M., Hefting, Mariet M., Sandén, Taru, van den Hoogen, Johan, Routh, Devin, Adhikari, Bhupendra S., Alatalo, Juha M., Aleksanyan, Alla, Althuizen, Inge H. J., Alsafran, Mohammed H. S. A., Atkins, Jeff W., Augusto, Laurent, Aurela, Mika, Azarov, Aleksej V., Barrio, Isabel C., Beier, Claus, Bejarano, María D., Benham, Sue E., Berg, Björn, Bezler, Nadezhda V., Björnsdóttir, Katrín, Bolinder, Martin A., Carbognani, Michele, Cazzolla Gatti, Roberto, Chelli, Stefano, Chistotin, Maxim V., Christiansen, Casper T., Courtois, Pascal, Crowther, Thomas W., Dechoum, Michele S., Djukic, Ika, Duddigan, Sarah, Egerton-Warburton, Louise M., Fanin, Nicolas, Fantappiè, Maria, Fares, Silvano, Fernandes, Geraldo W., Filippova, Nina V., Fliessbach, Andreas, Fuentes, David, Godoy, Roberto, Grünwald, Thomas, Guzmán, Gema, Hawes, Joseph E., He, Yue, Hero, Jean-Marc, Hess, Laura L., Hogendoorn, Katja, Høye, Toke T., Jans, Wilma W. P., Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg S., Keller, Sabina, Kepfer-Rojas, Sebastian, Kuz'menko, Natalya N., Larsen, Klaus S., Laudon, Hjalmar, Lembrechts, Jonas J., Li, Junhui, Limousin, Jean-Marc, Lukin, Sergey M., Marques, Renato, Marín, César, McDaniel, Marshall D., Meek, Qi, Merzlaya, Genrietta E., Michelsen, Anders, Montagnani, Leonardo, Mueller, Peter, Murugan, Rajasekaran, Myers-Smith, Isla H., Nolte, Stefanie, Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl, Okafor, Bernard N., Okorkov, Vladimir V., Onipchenko, Vladimir G., Orozco, María C., Parkhurst, Tina, Peres, Carlos A., Petit Bon, Matteo, Petraglia, Alessandro, Pingel, Martin, Rebmann, Corinna, Scheffers, Brett R., Schmidt, Inger, Scholes, Mary C., Sheffer, Efrat, Shevtsova, Lyudmila K., Smith, Stuart W., Sofo, Adriano, Stevenson, Pablo R., Strouhalová, Barbora, Sundsdal, Anders, Sühs, Rafael B., Tamene, Gebretsadik, Thomas, Haydn J. D., Tolunay, Duygu, Tomaselli, Marcello, Tresch, Simon, Tucker, Dominique L., Ulyshen, Michael D., Valdecantos, Alejandro, Vandvik, Vigdis, Vanguelova, Elena I., Verheyen, Kris, Wang, Xuhui, Yahdjian, Laura, Yumashev, Xaris S., and Keuskamp, Joost A.

Abstract

The breakdown of plant material fuels soil functioning and biodiversity. Currently, process understanding of global decomposition patterns and the drivers of such patterns are hampered by the lack of coherent large-scale datasets. We buried 36,000 individual litterbags (tea bags) worldwide and found an overall negative correlation between initial mass-loss rates and stabilization factors of plant-derived carbon, using the Tea Bag Index (TBI). The stabilization factor quantifies the degree to which easy-to-degrade components accumulate during early-stage decomposition (e.g. by environmental limitations). However, agriculture and an interaction between moisture and temperature led to a decoupling between initial mass-loss rates and stabilization, notably in colder locations. Using TBI improved mass-loss estimates of natural litter compared to models that ignored stabilization. Ignoring the transformation of dead plant material to more recalcitrant substances during early-stage decomposition, and the environmental control of this transformation, could overestimate carbon losses during early decomposition in carbon cycle models.

Published
2024
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5. Reading tea leaves worldwide: Decoupled drivers of initial litter decomposition mass-loss rate and stabilization

Author

Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Alicante. Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramón Margalef", Sarneel, Judith M., Hefting, Mariet, Sandén, Taru, van den Hoogen, Johan, Routh, Devin, Adhikari, Bhupendra S., Alatalo, Juha M., Aleksanyan, Alla, Althuizen, Inge H. J., Alsafran, Mohammed H. S. A., Atkins, Jeff W., Augusto, Laurent, Aurela, Mika, Azarov, Aleksej V., Barrio, Isabel C., Beier, Claus, Bejarano, María D., Benham, Sue E., Berg, Björn, Bezler, Nadezhda V., Björnsdóttir, Katrín, Bolinder, Martin A., Carbognani, Michele, Cazzolla Gatti, Roberto, Chelli, Stefano, Chistotin, Maxim V., Christiansen, Casper T., Courtois, Pascal, Crowther, Thomas W., Dechoum, Michele S., Djukic, Ika, Duddigan, Sarah, Egerton-Warburton, Louise M., Fanin, Nicolas, Fantappiè, Maria, Fares, Silvano, Fernandes, Geraldo W., Filippova, Nina V., Fliessbach, Andreas, Fuentes, David, Godoy, Roberto, Grünwald, Thomas, Guzmán, Gema, Hawes, Joseph E., He, Yue, Hero, Jean-Marc, Hess, Laura L., Hogendoorn, Katja, Høye, Toke T., Jans, Wilma W. P., Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg S., Keller, Sabina, Kepfer-Rojas, Sebastian, Kuz'menko, Natalya N., Larsen, Klaus Steenberg, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lembrechts, Jonas J., Li, Junhui, Limousin, Jean-Marc, Lukin, Sergey M., Marques, Renato, Marín, César, McDaniel, Marshall D., Meek, Qi, Merzlaya, Genrietta E., Michelsen, Anders, Montagnani, Leonardo, Mueller, Peter, Murugan, Rajasekaran, Myers-Smith, Isla H., Nolte, Stefanie, Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl, Okafor, Bernard N., Okorkov, Vladimir V., Onipchenko, Vladimir G., Orozco, María C., Parkhurst, Tina, Peres, Carlos A., Petit Bon, Matteo, Petraglia, Alessandro, Pingel, Martin, Rebmann, Corinna, Scheffers, Brett R., Schmidt, Inger Kappel, Scholes, Mary C., Sheffer, Efrat, Shevtsova, Lyudmila K., Smith, Stuart W., Sofo, Adriano, Stevenson, Pablo R., Strouhalová, Barbora, Sundsdal, Anders, Sühs, Rafael B., Tamene, Gebretsadik, Thomas, Haydn J. D., Tolunay, Duygu, Tomaselli, Marcello, Tresch, Simon, Tucker, Dominique L., Ulyshen, Michael D., Valdecantos, Alejandro, Vandvik, Vigdis, Vanguelova, Elena I., Verheyen, Kris, Wang, Xuhui, Yahdjian, Laura, Yumashev, Xaris S., Keuskamp, Joost A., Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Alicante. Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramón Margalef", Sarneel, Judith M., Hefting, Mariet, Sandén, Taru, van den Hoogen, Johan, Routh, Devin, Adhikari, Bhupendra S., Alatalo, Juha M., Aleksanyan, Alla, Althuizen, Inge H. J., Alsafran, Mohammed H. S. A., Atkins, Jeff W., Augusto, Laurent, Aurela, Mika, Azarov, Aleksej V., Barrio, Isabel C., Beier, Claus, Bejarano, María D., Benham, Sue E., Berg, Björn, Bezler, Nadezhda V., Björnsdóttir, Katrín, Bolinder, Martin A., Carbognani, Michele, Cazzolla Gatti, Roberto, Chelli, Stefano, Chistotin, Maxim V., Christiansen, Casper T., Courtois, Pascal, Crowther, Thomas W., Dechoum, Michele S., Djukic, Ika, Duddigan, Sarah, Egerton-Warburton, Louise M., Fanin, Nicolas, Fantappiè, Maria, Fares, Silvano, Fernandes, Geraldo W., Filippova, Nina V., Fliessbach, Andreas, Fuentes, David, Godoy, Roberto, Grünwald, Thomas, Guzmán, Gema, Hawes, Joseph E., He, Yue, Hero, Jean-Marc, Hess, Laura L., Hogendoorn, Katja, Høye, Toke T., Jans, Wilma W. P., Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg S., Keller, Sabina, Kepfer-Rojas, Sebastian, Kuz'menko, Natalya N., Larsen, Klaus Steenberg, Laudon, Hjalmar, Lembrechts, Jonas J., Li, Junhui, Limousin, Jean-Marc, Lukin, Sergey M., Marques, Renato, Marín, César, McDaniel, Marshall D., Meek, Qi, Merzlaya, Genrietta E., Michelsen, Anders, Montagnani, Leonardo, Mueller, Peter, Murugan, Rajasekaran, Myers-Smith, Isla H., Nolte, Stefanie, Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl, Okafor, Bernard N., Okorkov, Vladimir V., Onipchenko, Vladimir G., Orozco, María C., Parkhurst, Tina, Peres, Carlos A., Petit Bon, Matteo, Petraglia, Alessandro, Pingel, Martin, Rebmann, Corinna, Scheffers, Brett R., Schmidt, Inger Kappel, Scholes, Mary C., Sheffer, Efrat, Shevtsova, Lyudmila K., Smith, Stuart W., Sofo, Adriano, Stevenson, Pablo R., Strouhalová, Barbora, Sundsdal, Anders, Sühs, Rafael B., Tamene, Gebretsadik, Thomas, Haydn J. D., Tolunay, Duygu, Tomaselli, Marcello, Tresch, Simon, Tucker, Dominique L., Ulyshen, Michael D., Valdecantos, Alejandro, Vandvik, Vigdis, Vanguelova, Elena I., Verheyen, Kris, Wang, Xuhui, Yahdjian, Laura, Yumashev, Xaris S., and Keuskamp, Joost A.

Abstract

The breakdown of plant material fuels soil functioning and biodiversity. Currently, process understanding of global decomposition patterns and the drivers of such patterns are hampered by the lack of coherent large-scale datasets. We buried 36,000 individual litterbags (tea bags) worldwide and found an overall negative correlation between initial mass-loss rates and stabilization factors of plant-derived carbon, using the Tea Bag Index (TBI). The stabilization factor quantifies the degree to which easy-to-degrade components accumulate during early-stage decomposition (e.g. by environmental limitations). However, agriculture and an interaction between moisture and temperature led to a decoupling between initial mass-loss rates and stabilization, notably in colder locations. Using TBI improved mass-loss estimates of natural litter compared to models that ignored stabilization. Ignoring the transformation of dead plant material to more recalcitrant substances during early-stage decomposition, and the environmental control of this transformation, could overestimate carbon losses during early decomposition in carbon cycle models.

Published
2024

6. The legacy of boson clouds on black hole binaries

Author

Tomaselli, Giovanni Maria, Spieksma, Thomas F. M., Bertone, Gianfranco, Tomaselli, Giovanni Maria, Spieksma, Thomas F. M., and Bertone, Gianfranco

Abstract

Superradiant clouds of ultralight bosons can leave an imprint on the gravitational waveform of black hole binaries through "ionization" and "resonances". We study the sequence of resonances as the binary evolves, and show that there are only two possible outcomes, each with a distinct imprint on the waveform. If the cloud and the binary are nearly counter-rotating, then the cloud survives in its original state until it enters the sensitivity band of future gravitational wave detectors, such as LISA. In all other cases, resonances destroy the cloud, while driving the binary to co-rotate with it and its eccentricity close to a fixed point. This opens up the possibility of inferring the existence of a new boson from the statistical analysis of a population of black holes binaries., Comment: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Letters. Companion paper of 2403.03147

Published
2024

7. Engaging Parents in Technology-Assisted Interventions for Childhood Adversity: Systematic Review

Author

Aldridge, G, Tomaselli, A, Nowell, C, Reupert, A, Jorm, A, Yap, MBH, Aldridge, G, Tomaselli, A, Nowell, C, Reupert, A, Jorm, A, and Yap, MBH

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Youth mental health problems are a major public health concern and are strongly associated with adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Technology-assisted parenting programs can intervene with ACEs that are within a parent's capacity to modify. However, engagement with such programs is suboptimal. OBJECTIVE: This review aims to describe and appraise the efficacy of strategies used to engage parents in technology-assisted parenting programs targeting ACEs on the behavioral and subjective outcomes of engagement. METHODS: Using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) reporting guidelines, we conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed papers that described the use of at least 1 engagement strategy in a technology-assisted parenting program targeting ACEs that are within a parent's capacity to modify. A total of 8 interdisciplinary bibliographic databases (CENTRAL, CINAHL, Embase, OVID MEDLINE, OVID PsycINFO, Scopus, ACM, and IEEE Xplore) and gray literature were searched. The use of engagement strategies and measures was narratively synthesized. Associations between specific engagement strategies and engagement outcomes were quantitatively synthesized using the Stouffer method of combining P values. RESULTS: We identified 13,973 articles for screening. Of these, 156 (1.12%) articles were eligible for inclusion, and 29 (18.2%) of the 156 were associated with another article; thus, 127 studies were analyzed. Preliminary evidence for a reliable association between 5 engagement strategies (involving parents in a program's design, delivering a program on the web compared to face-to-face, use of personalization or tailoring features, user control features, and provision of practical support) and greater engagement was found. Three engagement strategies (professional support features, use of videos, and behavior change techniques) were not found to have a reliable association with engagement outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: This review

Published
2024

8. Electronic tags reveal high migratory diversity within largest Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) stock

Author

Ransier, Krista Tomaselli, Gatti, Paul, Le Bris, Arnault, Den Heyer, Cornelia, Claireaux, Guy, Wringe, Brendan F., Fisher, Jonathan Ad, Ransier, Krista Tomaselli, Gatti, Paul, Le Bris, Arnault, Den Heyer, Cornelia, Claireaux, Guy, Wringe, Brendan F., and Fisher, Jonathan Ad

Abstract

Growing evidence suggests that complex spatial structure occurs within the Scotian Shelf and southern Grand Banks (SSGB) Atlantic halibut stock, yet large knowledge gaps remain about migratory and spawning behaviors. Here, 71 pop-up satellite archival tags were deployed on large Atlantic halibut (FL: 87 - 166 cm) between 2012 and 2020. Migration tracks were successfully reconstructed for 43 fish using a hidden Markov geolocation model, and temperature and depth time series were available for nine fish (total n = 52). Five migratory behaviors were identified: shelf residency, slope residency, shelf-channel migration, shelf-slope migration, and dispersal. The high-resolution data for four of 20 physically recovered tags provided evidence for putative female spawning behavior in deep channels on the continental shelf and along the continental slope between January and February. Additionally, four halibut displayed previously undocumented periods of sustained, oscillatory vertical movement along the continental slope between November and February. The high migratory diversity observed in the SSGB stock supports the existence of multiple resident and migratory contingents in the stock in the apparent absence of significant genetic structure.

Published
2024
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9. Reading tea leaves worldwide:Decoupled drivers of initial litter decomposition mass-loss rate and stabilization

Author

Sarneel, Judith M., Hefting, Mariet M., Sandén, Taru, van den Hoogen, Johan, Routh, Devin, Adhikari, Bhupendra S., Alatalo, Juha M., Aleksanyan, Alla, Althuizen, Inge H.J., Alsafran, Mohammed H.S.A., Atkins, Jeff W., Augusto, Laurent, Aurela, Mika, Azarov, Aleksej V., Barrio, Isabel C., Beier, Claus, Bejarano, María D., Benham, Sue E., Berg, Björn, Bezler, Nadezhda V., Björnsdóttir, Katrín, Bolinder, Martin A., Carbognani, Michele, Cazzolla Gatti, Roberto, Chelli, Stefano, Chistotin, Maxim V., Christiansen, Casper T., Courtois, Pascal, Crowther, Thomas W., Dechoum, Michele S., Djukic, Ika, Duddigan, Sarah, Egerton-Warburton, Louise M., Fanin, Nicolas, Fantappiè, Maria, Fares, Silvano, Fernandes, Geraldo W., Filippova, Nina V., Fliessbach, Andreas, Fuentes, David, Godoy, Roberto, Grünwald, Thomas, Guzmán, Gema, Hawes, Joseph E., He, Yue, Hero, Jean Marc, Hess, Laura L., Hogendoorn, Katja, Høye, Toke T., Jans, Wilma W.P., Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg S., Keller, Sabina, Kepfer-Rojas, Sebastian, Kuz'menko, Natalya N., Larsen, Klaus S., Laudon, Hjalmar, Lembrechts, Jonas J., Li, Junhui, Limousin, Jean Marc, Lukin, Sergey M., Marques, Renato, Marín, César, McDaniel, Marshall D., Meek, Qi, Merzlaya, Genrietta E., Michelsen, Anders, Montagnani, Leonardo, Mueller, Peter, Murugan, Rajasekaran, Myers-Smith, Isla H., Nolte, Stefanie, Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl, Okafor, Bernard N., Okorkov, Vladimir V., Onipchenko, Vladimir G., Orozco, María C., Parkhurst, Tina, Peres, Carlos A., Petit Bon, Matteo, Petraglia, Alessandro, Pingel, Martin, Rebmann, Corinna, Scheffers, Brett R., Schmidt, Inger, Scholes, Mary C., Sheffer, Efrat, Shevtsova, Lyudmila K., Smith, Stuart W., Sofo, Adriano, Stevenson, Pablo R., Strouhalová, Barbora, Sundsdal, Anders, Sühs, Rafael B., Tamene, Gebretsadik, Thomas, Haydn J. D., Tolunay, Duygu, Tomaselli, Marcello, Tresch, Simon, Tucker, Dominique L., Ulyshen, Michael D., Valdecantos, Alejandro, Vandvik, Vigdis, Vanguelova, Elena I., Verheyen, Kris, Wang, Xuhui, Yahdjian, Laura, Yumashev, Xaris S., Keuskamp, Joost A., Sarneel, Judith M., Hefting, Mariet M., Sandén, Taru, van den Hoogen, Johan, Routh, Devin, Adhikari, Bhupendra S., Alatalo, Juha M., Aleksanyan, Alla, Althuizen, Inge H.J., Alsafran, Mohammed H.S.A., Atkins, Jeff W., Augusto, Laurent, Aurela, Mika, Azarov, Aleksej V., Barrio, Isabel C., Beier, Claus, Bejarano, María D., Benham, Sue E., Berg, Björn, Bezler, Nadezhda V., Björnsdóttir, Katrín, Bolinder, Martin A., Carbognani, Michele, Cazzolla Gatti, Roberto, Chelli, Stefano, Chistotin, Maxim V., Christiansen, Casper T., Courtois, Pascal, Crowther, Thomas W., Dechoum, Michele S., Djukic, Ika, Duddigan, Sarah, Egerton-Warburton, Louise M., Fanin, Nicolas, Fantappiè, Maria, Fares, Silvano, Fernandes, Geraldo W., Filippova, Nina V., Fliessbach, Andreas, Fuentes, David, Godoy, Roberto, Grünwald, Thomas, Guzmán, Gema, Hawes, Joseph E., He, Yue, Hero, Jean Marc, Hess, Laura L., Hogendoorn, Katja, Høye, Toke T., Jans, Wilma W.P., Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg S., Keller, Sabina, Kepfer-Rojas, Sebastian, Kuz'menko, Natalya N., Larsen, Klaus S., Laudon, Hjalmar, Lembrechts, Jonas J., Li, Junhui, Limousin, Jean Marc, Lukin, Sergey M., Marques, Renato, Marín, César, McDaniel, Marshall D., Meek, Qi, Merzlaya, Genrietta E., Michelsen, Anders, Montagnani, Leonardo, Mueller, Peter, Murugan, Rajasekaran, Myers-Smith, Isla H., Nolte, Stefanie, Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl, Okafor, Bernard N., Okorkov, Vladimir V., Onipchenko, Vladimir G., Orozco, María C., Parkhurst, Tina, Peres, Carlos A., Petit Bon, Matteo, Petraglia, Alessandro, Pingel, Martin, Rebmann, Corinna, Scheffers, Brett R., Schmidt, Inger, Scholes, Mary C., Sheffer, Efrat, Shevtsova, Lyudmila K., Smith, Stuart W., Sofo, Adriano, Stevenson, Pablo R., Strouhalová, Barbora, Sundsdal, Anders, Sühs, Rafael B., Tamene, Gebretsadik, Thomas, Haydn J. D., Tolunay, Duygu, Tomaselli, Marcello, Tresch, Simon, Tucker, Dominique L., Ulyshen, Michael D., Valdecantos, Alejandro, Vandvik, Vigdis, Vanguelova, Elena I., Verheyen, Kris, Wang, Xuhui, Yahdjian, Laura, Yumashev, Xaris S., and Keuskamp, Joost A.

Abstract

The breakdown of plant material fuels soil functioning and biodiversity. Currently, process understanding of global decomposition patterns and the drivers of such patterns are hampered by the lack of coherent large-scale datasets. We buried 36,000 individual litterbags (tea bags) worldwide and found an overall negative correlation between initial mass-loss rates and stabilization factors of plant-derived carbon, using the Tea Bag Index (TBI). The stabilization factor quantifies the degree to which easy-to-degrade components accumulate during early-stage decomposition (e.g. by environmental limitations). However, agriculture and an interaction between moisture and temperature led to a decoupling between initial mass-loss rates and stabilization, notably in colder locations. Using TBI improved mass-loss estimates of natural litter compared to models that ignored stabilization. Ignoring the transformation of dead plant material to more recalcitrant substances during early-stage decomposition, and the environmental control of this transformation, could overestimate carbon losses during early decomposition in carbon cycle models.

Published
2024

10. Comparison of Histological Skin Changes After Massive Weight Loss in Post-Bariatric and Non-Bariatric Patients

Author

Tambasco, D., Tomaselli, F., D’Ettorre, M., Gentileschi, Stefano, Bracaglia, Roberto, Albanese, Rosa, Gentileschi S. (ORCID:0000-0001-9682-4706), Bracaglia R., Albanese R., Tambasco, D., Tomaselli, F., D’Ettorre, M., Gentileschi, Stefano, Bracaglia, Roberto, Albanese, Rosa, Gentileschi S. (ORCID:0000-0001-9682-4706), Bracaglia R., and Albanese R.

Abstract

N/A

Published
2024

11. Clinical Value of a Novel Three-Dimensional Echocardiography–Derived Index of Right Ventricle–Pulmonary Artery Coupling in Tricuspid Regurgitation

Author

Gavazzoni, M, Badano, L, Cascella, A, Heilbron, F, Tomaselli, M, Caravita, S, Baratto, C, Perelli, F, Radu, N, Perger, E, Parati, G, Muraru, D, Gavazzoni M., Badano L., Cascella A., Heilbron F., Tomaselli M., Caravita S., Baratto C., Perelli F., Radu N., Perger E., Parati G., Muraru D., Gavazzoni, M, Badano, L, Cascella, A, Heilbron, F, Tomaselli, M, Caravita, S, Baratto, C, Perelli, F, Radu, N, Perger, E, Parati, G, Muraru, D, Gavazzoni M., Badano L., Cascella A., Heilbron F., Tomaselli M., Caravita S., Baratto C., Perelli F., Radu N., Perger E., Parati G., and Muraru D.

Abstract

Background: Echocardiographic surrogates of right ventricle–to–pulmonary artery (RV-PA) coupling have been reported to be associated with outcomes in patients with secondary tricuspid regurgitation (STR). However, pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) is difficult to estimate using echocardiography in patients with severe STR. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the predictive power of a surrogate of RV-PA coupling obtained using right ventricular (RV) volumes measured on three-dimensional echocardiography. Methods: One hundred eight patients (mean age, 73 ± 13 years; 61% women) with moderate or severe STR were included. Results: At a median follow-up of 24 months (interquartile range, 2-48 months), 72 patients (40%) had reached the composite end point of death of any cause and heart failure hospitalization. RV-PA coupling was computed as the ratio between RV forward stroke volume (SV) (i.e., RV SV − regurgitant volume) and RV end-systolic volume (ESV). RV forward SV/ESV was significantly more related to the composite end point than RV ejection fraction (area under the curve, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.78-0.93] vs 0.73 [95% CI, 0.64-0.83], respectively; P = .03). A value of 0.40 was found to best correlate with outcome. On multivariate Cox regression, RV forward SV/ESV, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion/PASP, and RV free wall longitudinal strain/PASP were all independently associated with the occurrence of the composite end point when added to a group of parameters including STR severity (severe vs moderate), atrial fibrillation, pulmonary arterial hypertension, right atrial volume, RV end-diastolic volume, and RV free wall longitudinal strain. RV forward SV/ESV < 0.40 (HR, 3.36; 95% CI, 1.49-7.56; P < .01) carried higher related risk than RV free wall longitudinal strain/PASP < −0.42%/mm Hg (HR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.26-7.84; P = .01) and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion/PASP < 0.36 mm/mm Hg (HR, 2.69; 95% CI, 1.29-5.58; P = .01). RV eject

Published
2023

12. Haemodynamic validation of the three-step HFA-PEFF algorithm to diagnose heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

Author

Lanzarone, E, Baratto, C, Vicenzi, M, Villella, F, Rota, I, Dewachter, C, Muraru, D, Tomaselli, M, Gavazzoni, M, Badano, L, Senni, M, Vachiéry, J, Parati, G, Caravita, S, Lanzarone E., Baratto C., Vicenzi M., Villella F., Rota I., Dewachter C., Muraru D., Tomaselli M., Gavazzoni M., Badano L., Senni M., Vachiéry J. L., Parati G., Caravita S., Lanzarone, E, Baratto, C, Vicenzi, M, Villella, F, Rota, I, Dewachter, C, Muraru, D, Tomaselli, M, Gavazzoni, M, Badano, L, Senni, M, Vachiéry, J, Parati, G, Caravita, S, Lanzarone E., Baratto C., Vicenzi M., Villella F., Rota I., Dewachter C., Muraru D., Tomaselli M., Gavazzoni M., Badano L., Senni M., Vachiéry J. L., Parati G., and Caravita S.

Abstract

Aims: The HFA-PEFF algorithm (Heart Failure Association-Pre-test assessment, Echocardiography and natriuretic peptide score, Functional testing in cases of uncertainty, Final aetiology) is a three-step algorithm to diagnose heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). It provides a three-level likelihood of HFpEF: low (score < 2), intermediate (score 2–4), or high (score > 4). HFpEF may be confirmed in individuals with a score > 4 (rule-in approach). The second step of the algorithm is based on echocardiographic features and natriuretic peptide levels. The third step implements diastolic stress echocardiography (DSE) for controversial diagnostic cases. We sought to validate the three-step HFA-PEFF algorithm against a haemodynamic diagnosis of HFpEF based on rest and exercise right heart catheterization (RHC). Methods and results: Seventy-three individuals with exertional dyspnoea underwent a full diagnostic work-up following the HFA-PEFF algorithm, including DSE and rest/exercise RHC. The association between the HFA-PEFF score and a haemodynamic diagnosis of HFpEF, as well as the diagnostic performance of the HFA-PEFF algorithm vs. RHC, was assessed. The diagnostic performance of left atrial (LA) strain < 24.5% and LA strain/E/E′ < 3% was also assessed. The probability of HFpEF was low/intermediate/high in 8%/52%/40% of individuals at the second step of the HFA-PEFF algorithm and 8%/49%/43% at the third step. After RHC, 89% of patients were diagnosed as HFpEF and 11% as non-cardiac dyspnoea. The HFA-PEFF score resulted associated with the invasive haemodynamic diagnosis of HFpEF (P < 0.001). Sensitivity and specificity of the HFA-PEFF score for the invasive haemodynamic diagnosis of HFpEF were 45% and 100% for the second step of the algorithm and 46% and 88% for the third step of the algorithm. Neither age, sex, body mass index, obesity, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or paroxysmal atrial fibrillation influenced the performance o

Published
2023

13. Incremental Value of Right Atrial Strain Analysis to Predict Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence After Electrical Cardioversion

Author

Tomaselli, M, Badano, L, Cannone, V, Radu, N, Curti, E, Perelli, F, Heilbron, F, Gavazzoni, M, Rella, V, Oliverio, G, Caravita, S, Baratto, C, Perego, G, Parati, G, Brasca, F, Muraru, D, Tomaselli, Michele, Badano, Luigi, Cannone, Vincenzo, Radu, Noela, Curti, Emanuele, Perelli, Francesco, Heilbron, Francesca, Gavazzoni, Mara, Rella, Valeria, Oliverio, Giorgio, Caravita, Sergio, Baratto, Claudia, Perego, Giovanni B, Parati, Gianfranco, Brasca, Francesco, Muraru, Denisa, Tomaselli, M, Badano, L, Cannone, V, Radu, N, Curti, E, Perelli, F, Heilbron, F, Gavazzoni, M, Rella, V, Oliverio, G, Caravita, S, Baratto, C, Perego, G, Parati, G, Brasca, F, Muraru, D, Tomaselli, Michele, Badano, Luigi, Cannone, Vincenzo, Radu, Noela, Curti, Emanuele, Perelli, Francesco, Heilbron, Francesca, Gavazzoni, Mara, Rella, Valeria, Oliverio, Giorgio, Caravita, Sergio, Baratto, Claudia, Perego, Giovanni B, Parati, Gianfranco, Brasca, Francesco, and Muraru, Denisa

Abstract

Background: Although the assessment of left atrial (LA) mechanics has been reported to refine atrial fibrillation (AF) risk prediction, it doesn't completely predict AF recurrences. The potential added role of right atrial (RA) function in this setting is unknown. Accordingly, this study sought to evaluate the added value of RA longitudinal reservoir strain (RASr) for the prediction of AF recurrence after electrical cardioversion (ECV). Methods: We retrospectively studied 132 consecutive patients with persistent AF who underwent elective ECV. Complete two-dimensional and speckle-tracking echocardiography analyses of LA and RA size and function were obtained in all patients before ECV. The endpoint was AF recurrence. Results: During a 12-month follow-up of, 63 patients (48%) showed AF recurrence. Both LA and RASr were significantly lower in patients experiencing AF recurrence than in patients with persistent sinus rhythm (LASr 10±6 vs 13±7%, and RASr 14±10 vs 20±9 %, respectively, p<0.001 for both). RASr (AUC=0.77, 95%IC 0.69-0.84, p<0.0001) was more strongly associated with the recurrence of AF after ECV than LASr (AUC=0.69 (95%IC 0.60-0.77), p<0.0001]. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that patients with both LASr≤10% and RASr ≤15% had a significantly increased risk for AF recurrences (log-rank, p<0.001). However, at multivariable Cox regression, RASr [HR 3.26, 95%CI (1.73-6.13), p< 0.001] was the only parameter independently associated with the AF recurrence. RASr was more strongly associated with the occurrence of AF relapse after ECV than LASr, LA and RA volumes. Conclusions: RASr was independently and more strongly associated than LASr with AF recurrence after elective ECV. This study highlights the importance of assessing the functional remodeling of both RA and LA in patients with persistent AF.

Published
2023

14. Comparison of RA Volumes Obtained Using the Standard Apical 4-Chamber and the RV-Focused Views

Author

Ciampi, P, Badano, L, Florescu, D, Villella, F, Tomaselli, M, Torlasco, C, Gavazzoni, M, Parati, G, Muraru, D, Ciampi P., Badano L., Florescu D. R., Villella F., Tomaselli M., Torlasco C., Gavazzoni M., Parati G., Muraru D., Ciampi, P, Badano, L, Florescu, D, Villella, F, Tomaselli, M, Torlasco, C, Gavazzoni, M, Parati, G, Muraru, D, Ciampi P., Badano L., Florescu D. R., Villella F., Tomaselli M., Torlasco C., Gavazzoni M., Parati G., and Muraru D.

Published
2023

15. Impact of severe secondary tricuspid regurgitation on rest and exercise hemodynamics of patients with heart failure and a preserved left ventricular ejection fraction

Author

Baratto, C, Caravita, S, Corbetta, G, Soranna, D, Zambon, A, Dewachter, C, Gavazzoni, M, Heilbron, F, Tomaselli, M, Radu, N, Perelli, F, Perego, G, Vachiery, J, Parati, G, Badano, L, Muraru, D, Baratto C., Caravita S., Corbetta G., Soranna D., Zambon A., Dewachter C., Gavazzoni M., Heilbron F., Tomaselli M., Radu N., Perelli F. P., Perego G. B., Vachiery J. -L., Parati G., Badano L., Muraru D., Baratto, C, Caravita, S, Corbetta, G, Soranna, D, Zambon, A, Dewachter, C, Gavazzoni, M, Heilbron, F, Tomaselli, M, Radu, N, Perelli, F, Perego, G, Vachiery, J, Parati, G, Badano, L, Muraru, D, Baratto C., Caravita S., Corbetta G., Soranna D., Zambon A., Dewachter C., Gavazzoni M., Heilbron F., Tomaselli M., Radu N., Perelli F. P., Perego G. B., Vachiery J. -L., Parati G., Badano L., and Muraru D.

Abstract

Background: Both secondary tricuspid regurgitation (STR) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) are relevant public health problems in the elderly population, presenting with potential overlaps and sharing similar risk factors. However, the impact of severe STR on hemodynamics and cardiorespiratory adaptation to exercise in HFpEF remains to be clarified. Aim: To explore the impact of STR on exercise hemodynamics and cardiorespiratory adaptation in HFpEF. Methods: We analyzed invasive hemodynamics and gas-exchange data obtained at rest and during exercise from HFpEF patients with severe STR (HFpEF-STR), compared with 1:1 age-, sex-, and body mass index (BMI)- matched HFpEF patients with mild or no STR (HFpEF-controls). Results: Twelve HFpEF with atrial-STR (mean age 72 years, 92% females, BMI 28 Kg/m2) and 12 HFpEF-controls patients were analyzed. HFpEF-STR had higher (p < 0.01) right atrial pressure than HFpEF-controls both at rest (10 ± 1 vs. 5 ± 1 mmHg) and during exercise (23 ± 2 vs. 14 ± 2 mmHg). Despite higher pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) at rest in HFpEF-STR than in HFpEF-controls (17 ± 2 vs. 11 ± 2, p = 0.04), PAWP at peak exercise was no more different (28 ± 2 vs. 29 ± 2). Left ventricular transmural pressure and cardiac output (CO) increased less in HFpEF-STR than in HFpEF-controls (interaction p-value < 0.05). This latter was due to lower stroke volume (SV) values both at rest (48 ± 9 vs. 77 ± 9 mL, p < 0.05) and at peak exercise (54 ± 10 vs. 93 ± 10 mL, p < 0.05). Despite these differences, the two groups of patients laid on the same oxygen consumption isophlets because of the increased peripheral oxygen extraction in HFpEF-STR (p < 0.01). We found an inverse relationship between pulmonary vascular resistance and SV, both at rest and at peak exercise (R2 = 0.12 and 0.19, respectively). Conclusions: Severe STR complicating HFpEF impairs SV and CO reserve, leading to pulmonary vascular de-recruitment and relative

Published
2023

16. Corrigendum: The atrial secondary tricuspid regurgitation is associated to more favorable outcome than the ventricular phenotype (Front. Cardiovasc. Med., (2022), 9, 1022755, 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1022755)

Author

Gavazzoni M., Gavazzoni, M, Heilbron, F, Badano, L, Radu, N, Cascella, A, Tomaselli, M, Perelli, F, Caravita, S, Baratto, C, Parati, G, Muraru, D, Gavazzoni M., Heilbron F., Badano L., Radu N., Cascella A., Tomaselli M., Perelli F., Caravita S., Baratto C., Parati G., Muraru D., Gavazzoni M., Gavazzoni, M, Heilbron, F, Badano, L, Radu, N, Cascella, A, Tomaselli, M, Perelli, F, Caravita, S, Baratto, C, Parati, G, Muraru, D, Gavazzoni M., Heilbron F., Badano L., Radu N., Cascella A., Tomaselli M., Perelli F., Caravita S., Baratto C., Parati G., and Muraru D.

Published
2023

17. Shedding light on the pathophysiology of non-valvular atrial fibrillation as a primary cause of the regurgitation of atrio-ventricular valves

Author

Badano, L, Tomaselli, M, Muraru, D, Badano, Luigi, Tomaselli, Michele, Muraru, Denisa, Badano, L, Tomaselli, M, Muraru, D, Badano, Luigi, Tomaselli, Michele, and Muraru, Denisa

Abstract

This editorial refers to 'Tricuspid and mitral remodelling in atrial fibrillation: a three-dimensional echocardiographic study' by Ortiz-Leon X.A. et al., https://doi.org/ 10.1093/ehjci/jeac045.

Published
2022

18. Reference ranges of tricuspid annulus geometry in healthy adults using a dedicated three-dimensional echocardiography software package

Author

Muraru, D, Gavazzoni, M, Heilbron, F, Mihalcea, D, Guta, A, Radu, N, Muscogiuri, G, Tomaselli, M, Sironi, S, Parati, G, Badano, L, Muraru, Denisa, Gavazzoni, Mara, Heilbron, Francesca, Mihalcea, Diana J, Guta, Andrada C, Radu, Noela, Muscogiuri, Giuseppe, Tomaselli, Michele, Sironi, Sandro, Parati, Gianfranco, Badano, Luigi, Muraru, D, Gavazzoni, M, Heilbron, F, Mihalcea, D, Guta, A, Radu, N, Muscogiuri, G, Tomaselli, M, Sironi, S, Parati, G, Badano, L, Muraru, Denisa, Gavazzoni, Mara, Heilbron, Francesca, Mihalcea, Diana J, Guta, Andrada C, Radu, Noela, Muscogiuri, Giuseppe, Tomaselli, Michele, Sironi, Sandro, Parati, Gianfranco, and Badano, Luigi

Abstract

Background: Tricuspid annulus (TA) sizing is essential for planning percutaneous or surgical tricuspid procedures. According to current guidelines, TA linear dimension should be assessed using two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE). However, TA is a complex three-dimensional (3D) structure. Aim: Identify the reference values for TA geometry and dynamics and its physiological determinants using a commercially available three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) software package dedicated to the tricuspid valve (4D AutoTVQ, GE). Methods: A total of 254 healthy volunteers (113 men, 47 ± 11 years) were evaluated using 2DE and 3DE. TA 3D area, perimeter, diameters, and sphericity index were assessed at mid-systole, early- and end-diastole. Right atrial (RA) and ventricular (RV) end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes were also measured by 3DE. Results: The feasibility of the 3DE analysis of TA was 90%. TA 3D area, perimeter, and diameters were largest at end-diastole and smallest at mid-systole. Reference values of TA at end-diastole were 9.6 ± 2.1 cm2 for the area, 11.2 ± 1.2 cm for perimeter, and 38 ± 4 mm, 31 ± 4 mm, 33 ± 4 mm, and 34 ± 5 mm for major, minor, 4-chamber and 2-chamber diameters, respectively. TA end-diastolic sphericity index was 81 ± 11%. All TA parameters were correlated with body surface area (BSA) (r from 0.42 to 0.58, p < 0.001). TA 3D area and 4-chamber diameter were significantly larger in men than in women, independent of BSA (p < 0.0001). There was no significant relationship between TA metrics with age, except for the TA minor diameter (r = −0.17, p < 0.05). When measured by 2DE in 4-chamber (29 ± 5 mm) and RV-focused (30 ± 5 mm) views, both TA diameters resulted significantly smaller than the 4-chamber (33 ± 4 mm; p < 0.0001), and the major TA diameters (38 ± 4 mm; p < 0.0001) measured by 3DE. At multivariable linear regression analysis, RA maximal volume was independently associated with both TA 3D area at mid-systole (R2 = 0.511

Published
2022

19. The atrial secondary tricuspid regurgitation is associated to more favorable outcome than the ventricular phenotype

Author

Gavazzoni, M, Heilbron, F, Badano, L, Radu, N, Cascella, A, Tomaselli, M, Perelli, F, Caravita, S, Baratto, C, Parati, G, Muraru, D, Gavazzoni M., Heilbron F., Badano L., Radu N., Cascella A., Tomaselli M., Perelli F., Caravita S., Baratto C., Parati G., Muraru D., Gavazzoni, M, Heilbron, F, Badano, L, Radu, N, Cascella, A, Tomaselli, M, Perelli, F, Caravita, S, Baratto, C, Parati, G, Muraru, D, Gavazzoni M., Heilbron F., Badano L., Radu N., Cascella A., Tomaselli M., Perelli F., Caravita S., Baratto C., Parati G., and Muraru D.

Abstract

Aim: We sought to evaluate the differences in prognosis between the atrial (A-STR) and the ventricular (V-STR) phenotypes of secondary tricuspid regurgitation. Materials and methods: Consecutive patients with moderate or severe STR referred for echocardiography were enrolled. A-STR and V-STR were defined according to the last ACC/AHA guidelines criteria. The primary endpoint was the composite of all-cause death and heart failure (HF) hospitalizations. Results: A total of 211 patients were enrolled. The prevalence of A-STR in our cohort was 26%. Patients with A- STR were significantly older and with lower NYHA functional class than V-STR patients. The prevalence of severe STR was similar (28% in A-STR vs. 37% in V-STR, p = 0.291). A-STR patients had smaller tenting height (TH) (10 ± 4 mm vs. 12 ± 7 mm, p = 0.023), larger end-diastolic tricuspid annulus area (9 ± 2 cm2 vs. 7 ± 6 cm2/m2, p = 0.007), smaller right ventricular (RV) end-diastolic volumes (72 ± 27 ml/m2 vs. 92 ± 38 ml/m2; p = 0.001), and better RV longitudinal function (18 ± 7 mm vs. 16 ± 6 mm; p = 0.126 for TAPSE, and −21 ± 5% vs. −18 ± 5%; p = 0.006, for RV free-wall longitudinal strain, RVFWLS) than V-STR patients. Conversely, RV ejection fraction (RVEF, 48 ± 10% vs. 46 ± 11%, p = 0.257) and maximal right atrial volumes (64 ± 38 ml/m2 vs. 55 ± 23 ml/m2, p = 0.327) were similar between the two groups. After a median follow-up of 10 months, patients with V-STR had a 2.7-fold higher risk (HR: 2.7, 95% CI 95% = 1.3–5.7) of experiencing the combined endpoint than A-STR patients. The factors related to outcomes resulted different between the two STR phenotypes: TR-severity (HR: 5.8, CI 95% = 1, 4–25, P = 0.019) in A-STR patients; TR severity (HR 2.9, 95% CI 1.4–6.3, p = 0.005), RVEF (HR: 0.97, 95% CI 0.94–0.99, p = 0.044), and RVFWLS (HR: 0.93, 95% CI 0.85–0.98, p = 0.009) in V-STR. Conclusion: Almost one-third of patients referred to the echocardiography laboratory for significant STR have A-STR. A-STR patie

Published
2022

20. Feasibility and Time Analysis of Three-Dimensional and Myocardial Deformation versus Conventional Two-Dimensional Echocardiography to Assess Cardiac Chambers

Author

Volpato, V, Ciampi, P, Johnson, R, Hipke, K, Tomaselli, M, Oliverio, G, Muraru, D, Badano, L, Lang, R, Volpato, Valentina, Ciampi, Pellegrino, Johnson, Rick, Hipke, Katherine, Tomaselli, Michele, Oliverio, Giorgio, Muraru, Denisa, Badano, Luigi, Lang, Roberto M, Volpato, V, Ciampi, P, Johnson, R, Hipke, K, Tomaselli, M, Oliverio, G, Muraru, D, Badano, L, Lang, R, Volpato, Valentina, Ciampi, Pellegrino, Johnson, Rick, Hipke, Katherine, Tomaselli, Michele, Oliverio, Giorgio, Muraru, Denisa, Badano, Luigi, and Lang, Roberto M

Published
2022

21. Impact of correcting the 2D PISA method on the quantification of functional tricuspid regurgitation severity

Author

Tomaselli, M, Badano, L, Menè, R, Gavazzoni, M, Heilbron, F, Radu, N, Caravita, S, Baratto, C, Oliverio, G, Florescu, D, Parati, G, Muraru, D, Tomaselli, Michele, Badano, Luigi, Menè, Roberto, Gavazzoni, Mara, Heilbron, Francesca, Radu, Noela, Caravita, Sergio, Baratto, Claudia, Oliverio, Giorgio, Florescu, Diana R, Parati, Gianfranco, Muraru, Denisa, Tomaselli, M, Badano, L, Menè, R, Gavazzoni, M, Heilbron, F, Radu, N, Caravita, S, Baratto, C, Oliverio, G, Florescu, D, Parati, G, Muraru, D, Tomaselli, Michele, Badano, Luigi, Menè, Roberto, Gavazzoni, Mara, Heilbron, Francesca, Radu, Noela, Caravita, Sergio, Baratto, Claudia, Oliverio, Giorgio, Florescu, Diana R, Parati, Gianfranco, and Muraru, Denisa

Abstract

AIMS: In functional tricuspid regurgitation (FTR) patients, tricuspid leaflet tethering and relatively low jet velocity could result in proximal flow geometry distortions that lead to underestimation of TR. Application of correction factors on two-dimensional (2D) proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA) equation may increase its reliability. This study sought to evaluate the impact of the corrected 2D PISA method in quantifying FTR severity. METHODS AND RESULTS: In 102 patients with FTR, we compared both conventional and corrected 2D PISA measurements of effective regurgitant orifice area [EROA vs. corrected (EROAc)] and regurgitant volume (RegVol vs. RegVolc) with those obtained by volumetric method (VM) using three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE), as reference. Both EROAc and RegVolc were larger than EROA (0.29 ± 0.26 vs. 0.22 ± 0.21 cm2; P < 0.001) and RegVol (24.5 ± 20 vs. 18.5 ± 14.25 mL; P < 0.001), respectively. Compared with VM, both EROAc and RegVolc resulted more accurate than EROA [bias = -0.04 cm2, limits of agreement (LOA) ± 0.02 cm2 vs. bias = -0.15 cm2, LOA ± 0.31 cm2] and RegVol (bias = -3.29 mL, LOA ± 2.19 mL vs. bias = -10.9 mL, LOA ± 13.5 mL). Using EROAc and RegVolc, 37% of patients were reclassified in higher grades of FTR severity. Corrected 2D PISA method led to a higher concordance of TR severity grade with the VM method (ĸ = 0.84 vs. ĸ = 0.33 for uncorrected PISA, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Compared with VM by 3DE, the conventional PISA underestimated FTR severity in about 50% of patients. Correction for TV leaflets tethering angle and lower velocity of FTR jet improved 2D PISA accuracy and reclassified more than one-third of the patients.

Published
2022

22. Richer, greener, and more thermophilous?–a first overview of global warming induced changes in the Italian alpine plant communities within the new GLORIA ITALIA NETWORK

Author

Porro, F, Orsenigo, S, Abeli, T, Mondoni, A, Corli, A, White, F, Lodetti, S, Tomaselli, M, Petraglia, A, Carbognani, M, Gualmini, M, Forte, T, Erschbamer, B, Nicklas, L, Carnicero, P, Mallaun, M, Unterluggauer, P, Stanisci, A, Giancola, C, di Martino, L, Barni, E, Oddi, L, Morra di Cella, U, Gentili, R, Dellavedova, R, Adorni, M, Pauli, H, Rossi, G, Porro F., Orsenigo S., Abeli T., Mondoni A., Corli A., White F. J., Lodetti S., Tomaselli M., Petraglia A., Carbognani M., Gualmini M., Forte T. G. W., Erschbamer B., Nicklas L., Carnicero P., Mallaun M., Unterluggauer P., Stanisci A., Giancola C., di Martino L., Barni E., Oddi L., Morra di Cella U., Gentili R., Dellavedova R., Adorni M., Pauli H., Rossi G., Porro, F, Orsenigo, S, Abeli, T, Mondoni, A, Corli, A, White, F, Lodetti, S, Tomaselli, M, Petraglia, A, Carbognani, M, Gualmini, M, Forte, T, Erschbamer, B, Nicklas, L, Carnicero, P, Mallaun, M, Unterluggauer, P, Stanisci, A, Giancola, C, di Martino, L, Barni, E, Oddi, L, Morra di Cella, U, Gentili, R, Dellavedova, R, Adorni, M, Pauli, H, Rossi, G, Porro F., Orsenigo S., Abeli T., Mondoni A., Corli A., White F. J., Lodetti S., Tomaselli M., Petraglia A., Carbognani M., Gualmini M., Forte T. G. W., Erschbamer B., Nicklas L., Carnicero P., Mallaun M., Unterluggauer P., Stanisci A., Giancola C., di Martino L., Barni E., Oddi L., Morra di Cella U., Gentili R., Dellavedova R., Adorni M., Pauli H., and Rossi G.

Abstract

We announce the formation of the “GLORIA ITALIA NETWORK” and present an overview of the Italian alpine plant communities changes that have occurred in the last 20 years. This network will provide coordination between Italian GLORIA sites and enhance public awareness of changes in alpine plant diversity under climate change.

Published
2022

23. Does smoking have an impact on the immunological response to COVID-19 vaccines? Evidence from the VASCO study and need for further studies

Author

Ferrara, P, Ponticelli, D, Aguero, F, Caci, G, Vitale, A, Borrelli, M, Schiavone, B, Antonazzo, I, Mantovani, L, Tomaselli, V, Polosa, R, Ferrara P., Ponticelli D., Aguero F., Caci G., Vitale A., Borrelli M., Schiavone B., Antonazzo I. C., Mantovani L. G., Tomaselli V., Polosa R., Ferrara, P, Ponticelli, D, Aguero, F, Caci, G, Vitale, A, Borrelli, M, Schiavone, B, Antonazzo, I, Mantovani, L, Tomaselli, V, Polosa, R, Ferrara P., Ponticelli D., Aguero F., Caci G., Vitale A., Borrelli M., Schiavone B., Antonazzo I. C., Mantovani L. G., Tomaselli V., and Polosa R.

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the possible impact of smoking on the humoral response to the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (also known as the BioNTech-Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine). Study design: A longitudinal sero-epidemiological study was conducted in sample of Italian healthcare workers (HCWs). Methods: HCWs who were administered two doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine, 21 days apart, between December 2020 and January 2021, were invited to undergo multiple serology tests to identify SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. Participants also responded to questions about their smoking status (i.e. current smokers vs non-smokers) in a survey. Results: Sixty days after the completion of the vaccination cycle, serological analyses showed a difference in vaccine-induced IgG titre between current smokers and non-smokers, with median antibody titres of 211.80 AU/mL (interquartile range [IQR] 149.80–465.50) and 487.50 AU/mL (IQR 308.45–791.65) [P-value = 0.002], respectively. This significant difference in vaccine-induced IgG titres between current smokers and non-smokers remained after adjusting for age, sex, and previous infection with SARS-CoV-2. Conclusions: This study observed that vaccine-induced antibody titres decrease faster among current smokers than non-smokers. Further research to investigate the impact of smoking on the immunological response to COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 vaccines is required.

Published
2022

24. The Effect of Smoking on Humoral Response to COVID-19 Vaccines: A Systematic Review of Epidemiological Studies

Author

Ferrara, P, Gianfredi, V, Tomaselli, V, Polosa, R, Ferrara P., Gianfredi V., Tomaselli V., Polosa R., Ferrara, P, Gianfredi, V, Tomaselli, V, Polosa, R, Ferrara P., Gianfredi V., Tomaselli V., and Polosa R.

Abstract

While the role of active smoking on response to vaccines is yet to be fully understood, some real-world studies have outlined a possible link between smoking and humoral response to COVID-19 vaccines. Thus, the present rapid systematic review aimed at summarizing the current epidemiological evidence on this association. Following PRISMA and WHO guidelines on rapid systematic reviews, we systematically reviewed published literature on this topic and discussed the findings according to the aim of analysing smoking and its impact on humoral response to COVID-19 postvaccination antibody titres. The search strategy yielded a total of 23 articles. The sample size amongst the studies ranged between 74 and 3475 participants (median, 360), with the proportion of smokers being between 4.2% and 40.8% (median, 26.0%). The studies included in this review analysis investigated the dynamics of antibody response to different type of COVID-19 vaccines. In 17 out of 23 studies, current smokers showed much lower antibody titres or more rapid lowering of the vaccine-induced IgG compared with nonsmokers. This rapid systematic review indicates that active smoking negatively impacts humoral response to COVID-19 vaccines, although the pathophysiologic mechanisms for this association have not been entirely suggested. The results advocate targeted policies to promote tailored health promotion initiatives, which can increase risk perception and ensure appropriate protection measures to be taken to avoid the health consequences of COVID-19 in smokers.

Published
2022

25. The effect of laboratory-verified smoking on SARS-CoV-2 infection: results from the Troina sero-epidemiological survey

Author

Tomaselli, V, Ferrara, P, Cantone, G, Romeo, A, Rust, S, Saitta, D, Caraci, F, Romano, C, Thangaraju, M, Zuccarello, P, Rose, J, Ferrante, M, Belsey, J, Cibella, F, Caci, G, Ferri, R, Polosa, R, Tomaselli V., Ferrara P., Cantone G. G., Romeo A. C., Rust S., Saitta D., Caraci F., Romano C., Thangaraju M., Zuccarello P., Rose J., Ferrante M., Belsey J., Cibella F., Caci G., Ferri R., Polosa R., Tomaselli, V, Ferrara, P, Cantone, G, Romeo, A, Rust, S, Saitta, D, Caraci, F, Romano, C, Thangaraju, M, Zuccarello, P, Rose, J, Ferrante, M, Belsey, J, Cibella, F, Caci, G, Ferri, R, Polosa, R, Tomaselli V., Ferrara P., Cantone G. G., Romeo A. C., Rust S., Saitta D., Caraci F., Romano C., Thangaraju M., Zuccarello P., Rose J., Ferrante M., Belsey J., Cibella F., Caci G., Ferri R., and Polosa R.

Abstract

Previous research yielded conflicting results on the association between cigarette smoking and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Since the prevalence of smoking is high globally, the study of its impact on COVID-19 pandemic may have considerable implications for public health. This study is the first to investigate the association between the SARS-CoV-2 antibody sero-positivity and biochemically verified smoking status, to refine current estimates on this association. SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG and serum cotinine levels (a well-known marker of tobacco exposure) were assessed in a large sero-epidemiological survey conducted in the town of Troina (Sicily, Italy). A propensity score matching was carried out to reduce the effect of possible factors on SARS-CoV-2 infection risk among study participants. Of the 1785 subjects included in our study, one-third was classified as current smokers, based on serum cotinine levels. The overall proportion of subjects with positive serology for SARS-CoV-2 IgG was 5.4%. The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibody positivity and previous COVID-19 diagnosis were reduced in smokers. This reduced prevalence persisted after adjusting for possible confounders (such as sex, age, previous infection, chronic conditions, and risk group) at regression analyses, and the point estimates based on the PS-matched models resulted consistent with those for the unmatched population. This study found a lower proportion of positive SARS-CoV-2 serology among current smokers, using direct laboratory measures of tobacco exposure and thus avoiding possible bias associated with self-reported smoking status. Results may also serve as a reference for future clinical research on potential pharmaceutical role of nicotine or nicotinic-cholinergic agonists against COVID-19.

Published
2022

26. Quantum Field Theory on compact stars near the Buchdahl limit

Author

Reyes, Ignacio A., Tomaselli, Giovanni Maria, Reyes, Ignacio A., and Tomaselli, Giovanni Maria

Abstract

Very compact stars seem to be forbidden in General Relativity. While Buchdahl's theorem sets an upper bound on compactness, further no-go results rely on the existence of two light rings, the inner of which has been associated to gravitational instabilities. However, little is known about the role of quantum fields in these strong gravity regimes. Here, we consider the particularly simple model of a constant density star and we work in the probe approximation where the backreaction is ignored. We show that the trapping of modes inside the star leads the renormalized stress tensor of Conformal Field Theories to diverge faster than the classical source in the Buchdahl limit. This leads to the violation of the Null Energy Condition around the inner light ring. The backreaction of quantum fields in this regime therefore cannot be ignored. This happens as the star's surface approaches the Buchdahl radius $9GM/4$ rather than the Schwarzschild radius. The results are independent of the details of the interactions, but contain an ambiguity associated to the renormalization scheme., Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures. Updated the title and abstract, as well as minor changes in the main text

Published
2023

27. Digital virtual consultations and improved stakeholders’ health and wellbeing amongst hospital doctors

Author

Zammit, Dorothy, Tomaselli, Gianpaolo, Buttigieg, Sandra C, Garg, Lalit, Macassa, Gloria, Zammit, Dorothy, Tomaselli, Gianpaolo, Buttigieg, Sandra C, Garg, Lalit, and Macassa, Gloria

Abstract

The past several decades have seen a shift in patient care towards digitalisation, which has ushered in a new era of health care delivery and improved sustainability and resilience of health systems, with positive impacts on both internal and external stakeholders. This study’s aim was to understand the role of digital virtual consultations in improving internal and external stakeholders’ health, as well as wellbeing among hospital doctors. A qualitative research approach was used with semi-structured online interviews administered to hospital doctors. The interviews showed that the doctors viewed digital virtual consultations as supplementary to in-person consultations, and as tools to reduce obstacles related to distance and time. If the necessary infrastructure and technology were in place, doctors would be willing to use these options. Implementing these technologies would improve the medical profession’s flexibility on the one hand; but it might affect doctors’ work–life balance if consultations extended beyond standard working hours.

Published
2023
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28. Dynamical Friction in Gravitational Atoms

Author

Tomaselli, Giovanni Maria, Spieksma, Thomas F. M., Bertone, Gianfranco, Tomaselli, Giovanni Maria, Spieksma, Thomas F. M., and Bertone, Gianfranco

Abstract

Due to superradiant instabilities, clouds of ultralight bosons can spontaneously grow around rotating black holes, creating so-called "gravitational atoms". In this work, we study their dynamical effects on binary systems. We first focus on open orbits, showing that the presence of a cloud can increase the cross section for the dynamical capture of a compact object by more than an order of magnitude. We then consider closed orbits and demonstrate that the backreaction of the cloud's ionization on the orbital motion should be identified as dynamical friction. Finally, we study for the first time eccentric and inclined orbits. We find that, while ionization quickly circularizes the binary, it barely affects the inclination angle. These results enable a more realistic description of the dynamics of gravitational atoms in binaries and pave the way for dedicated searches with future gravitational wave detectors., Comment: 36 pages, 13 figures

Published
2023
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31. Impact of severe secondary tricuspid regurgitation on rest and exercise hemodynamics of patients with heart failure and a preserved left ventricular ejection fraction

Author

Baratto, Claudia, Caravita, Sergio, Corbetta, Giorgia, Soranna, Davide, Zambon, Antonella, Dewachter, Céline, Gavazzoni, Mara, Heilbronn, François, Tomaselli, Michele, Radu, Noela, Perelli, Francesco Paolo, Battista Perego, Giovanni, Vachiery, Jean-Luc, Parati, Gianfranco, Badano, Luigi, Muraru, Denisa, Baratto, Claudia, Caravita, Sergio, Corbetta, Giorgia, Soranna, Davide, Zambon, Antonella, Dewachter, Céline, Gavazzoni, Mara, Heilbronn, François, Tomaselli, Michele, Radu, Noela, Perelli, Francesco Paolo, Battista Perego, Giovanni, Vachiery, Jean-Luc, Parati, Gianfranco, Badano, Luigi, and Muraru, Denisa

Abstract

Background Both secondary tricuspid regurgitation (STR) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) are relevant public health problems in the elderly population, presenting with potential overlaps and sharing similar risk factors. However, the impact of severe STR on hemodynamics and cardiorespiratory adaptation to exercise in HFpEF remains to be clarified. Aim To explore the impact of STR on exercise hemodynamics and cardiorespiratory adaptation in HFpEF. Methods We analyzed invasive hemodynamics and gas-exchange data obtained at rest and during exercise from HFpEF patients with severe STR (HFpEF-STR), compared with 1:1 age-, sex-, and body mass index (BMI)- matched HFpEF patients with mild or no STR (HFpEF-controls). Results Twelve HFpEF with atrial-STR (mean age 72 years, 92% females, BMI 28 Kg/m 2 ) and 12 HFpEF-controls patients were analyzed. HFpEF-STR had higher ( p < 0.01) right atrial pressure than HFpEF-controls both at rest (10 ± 1 vs. 5 ± 1 mmHg) and during exercise (23 ± 2 vs. 14 ± 2 mmHg). Despite higher pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) at rest in HFpEF-STR than in HFpEF-controls (17 ± 2 vs. 11 ± 2, p = 0.04), PAWP at peak exercise was no more different (28 ± 2 vs. 29 ± 2). Left ventricular transmural pressure and cardiac output (CO) increased less in HFpEF-STR than in HFpEF-controls (interaction p -value < 0.05). This latter was due to lower stroke volume (SV) values both at rest (48 ± 9 vs. 77 ± 9 mL, p < 0.05) and at peak exercise (54 ± 10 vs. 93 ± 10 mL, p < 0.05). Despite these differences, the two groups of patients laid on the same oxygen consumption isophlets because of the increased peripheral oxygen extraction in HFpEF-STR ( p < 0.01). We found an inverse relationship between pulmonary vascular resistance and SV, both at rest and at peak exercise ( R 2 = 0.12 and 0.19, respectively). Conclusions Severe STR complicating HFpEF impairs SV and CO reserve, leading to pulmonary vascular de-recruitment and relati, SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2023

34. Distinguishing environmental effects on binary black hole gravitational waveforms

Author

University of Amsterdam, Schmidt Family Foundation, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Villum Fonden, Danish Research Council, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, European Research Council, Cole, Philippa S., Bertone, Gianfranco, Coogan, Adam, Gaggero, Daniele, Karydas, Theophanes, Kavanagh, Bradley J., Spieksma, Thomas F. M., Tomaselli, Giovanni Maria, University of Amsterdam, Schmidt Family Foundation, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Villum Fonden, Danish Research Council, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, European Research Council, Cole, Philippa S., Bertone, Gianfranco, Coogan, Adam, Gaggero, Daniele, Karydas, Theophanes, Kavanagh, Bradley J., Spieksma, Thomas F. M., and Tomaselli, Giovanni Maria

Abstract

Future gravitational wave interferometers such as the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna, Taiji, DECi-hertz Interferometer Gravitational wave Observatory and TianQin will enable precision studies of the environment surrounding black holes. These detectors will probe the millihertz frequency range, as yet unexplored by current gravitational wave detectors. Furthermore, sources will remain in band for durations of up to years, meaning that the inspiral phase of the gravitational wave signal, which can be affected by the environment, will be observable. In this paper, we study intermediate and extreme mass ratio binary black hole inspirals, and consider three possible environments surrounding the primary black hole: accretion disks, dark matter spikes and clouds of ultra-light scalar fields, also known as gravitational atoms. We present a Bayesian analysis of the detectability and measurability of these three environments. Focusing for concreteness on the case of a detection with LISA, we show that the characteristic imprint they leave on the gravitational waveform would allow us to identify the environment that generated the signal and to accurately reconstruct its model parameters.

Published
2023

35. Formalized classification of the class Montio-Cardaminetea in Europe : towards a consistent typology of spring vegetation

Author

Peterka, Tomáš, Hájková, Petra, Jiroušek, Martin, Hinterlang, Dirk, Chytrý, Milan, Aunina, Liene, Deme, Judit, Lyons, Melinda, Seiler, Hallie, Zechmeister, Harald, Apostolova, Iva, Beierkuhnlein, Carl, Bischof, Melanie, Biţă-Nicolae, Claudia, Brancaleoni, Lisa, Ćušterevska, Renata, Dengler, Jürgen, Didukh, Yakiv, Dítě, Daniel, Felbaba-Klushyna, Lyubov, Garbolino, Emmanuel, Gerdol, Renato, Iemelianova, Svitlana, Jansen, Florian, Juutinen, Riikka, Kamberović, Jasmina, Kapfer, Jutta, Klímová, Barbora, Knollová, Ilona, Kolari, Tiina H. M., Lazarević, Predrag, Luostarinen, Ringa, Mikulášková, Eva, Milanović, Đorđije, Miserere, Luca, Moeslund, Jesper Erenskjold, Molina, José A., Pérez-Haase, Aaron, Petraglia, Alessandro, Puglisi, Marta, Ruprecht, Eszter, Šmerdová, Eva, Spitale, Daniel, Tomaselli, Marcello, Vassilev, Kiril, Hájek, Michal, Peterka, Tomáš, Hájková, Petra, Jiroušek, Martin, Hinterlang, Dirk, Chytrý, Milan, Aunina, Liene, Deme, Judit, Lyons, Melinda, Seiler, Hallie, Zechmeister, Harald, Apostolova, Iva, Beierkuhnlein, Carl, Bischof, Melanie, Biţă-Nicolae, Claudia, Brancaleoni, Lisa, Ćušterevska, Renata, Dengler, Jürgen, Didukh, Yakiv, Dítě, Daniel, Felbaba-Klushyna, Lyubov, Garbolino, Emmanuel, Gerdol, Renato, Iemelianova, Svitlana, Jansen, Florian, Juutinen, Riikka, Kamberović, Jasmina, Kapfer, Jutta, Klímová, Barbora, Knollová, Ilona, Kolari, Tiina H. M., Lazarević, Predrag, Luostarinen, Ringa, Mikulášková, Eva, Milanović, Đorđije, Miserere, Luca, Moeslund, Jesper Erenskjold, Molina, José A., Pérez-Haase, Aaron, Petraglia, Alessandro, Puglisi, Marta, Ruprecht, Eszter, Šmerdová, Eva, Spitale, Daniel, Tomaselli, Marcello, Vassilev, Kiril, and Hájek, Michal

Abstract

The class Montio-Cardaminetea includes vegetation of springs with constant water flow. These habitats, which function as islands for highly specialized and sensitive biota, are endangered by ongoing landscape and climatic changes. Although a harmonized classification into vegetation units is necessary for effective habitat conservation, there is currently no synthetic classification of the class Montio-Cardaminetea. Here a large set of vegetation-plot records was obtained from national and private databases. The aim was to validate the EuroVegChecklist classification scheme, search for additional ecologically meaningful vegetation types and develop an automatic system for classifying new plots from Europe. We formally defined the cores of eight of the ten EuroVegChecklist alliances: Caricion remotae, Cratoneurion commutati, Lycopodo europaei-Cratoneurion commutati, Epilobio nutantis-Montion, Koenigio- Microjuncion, Mniobryo-Epilobion hornemanii, Philonotidion seriatae (Cardamino-Montion) and Swertio perennis-Anisothecion squarrosi, which were also reproduced by unsupervised classifications. Both unsupervised and semi-supervised classifications further suggested two alliances not previously recognized in the EuroVegChecklist: Anthelion julaceae (liverwort- dominated subalpine to alpine springs in highly oceanic regions in Britain) and Cratoneuro filicini-Calthion laetae (mesotrophic herb-rich subalpine and alpine springs). The unsupervised classifications mainly reflected the base saturation gradient, distinguishing between calcareous and non-calcareous springs. Therefore, it is suggested the order Montio-Cardaminetalia, which is broadly delimited in the EuroVegChecklist, be divided into two separate orders and the following three orders should be distinguished within the class Montio-Cardaminetea: Cardamino-Chrysosplenietalia (non-calcareous forest springs; Caricion remotae), Cardamino-Cratoneuretalia (calcareous springs; Cratoneurion commutati, Lycopodo europaei-Cr

Published
2023

36. Diagnostic delay in adult coeliac disease: An Italian multicentre study

Author

Lenti, Marco Vincenzo, Aronico, Nicola, Bianchi, Paola Ilaria, D'Agate, Carmela Cinzia, Neri, Matteo, Volta, Umberto, Mumolo, Maria Gloria, Astegiano, Marco, Calabrò, Antonino Salvatore, Zingone, Fabiana, Latella, Giovanni, Di Sario, Antonio, Carroccio, Antonio, Ciacci, Carolina, Luzza, Francesco, Bagnato, Carmela, Fantini, Massimo Claudio, Elli, Luca, Cammarota, Giovanni, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Portincasa, Piero, Latorre, Mario Andrea, Petrucci, Clarissa, Quatraccioni, Claudia, Iannelli, Chiara, Vecchione, Nicoletta, Rossi, Carlo Maria, Broglio, Giacomo, Ianiro, Gianluca, Marsilio, Ilaria, Bibbò, Stefano, Marinoni, Beatrice, Tomaselli, Donatella, Abenavoli, Ludovico, Pilia, Riccardo, Santacroce, Giovanni, Lynch, Erica, Carrieri, Antonella, Mansueto, Pasquale, Gabba, Margherita, Alunno, Giacomo, Rossi, Chiara, Onnis, Francesca, Efthymakis, Konstantino, Cesaro, Nicola, Vernero, Marta, Baiano Svizzero, Federica, Semeraro, Francesco Paolo, Silano, Marco, Vanoli, Alessandro, Klersy, Catherine, Corazza, Gino Roberto, Di Sabatino, Antonio, Cammarota, Giovanni (ORCID:0000-0002-3626-6148), Gasbarrini, Antonio (ORCID:0000-0002-7278-4823), Ianiro, Gianluca (ORCID:0000-0002-8318-0515), Rossi, Chiara (ORCID:0000-0002-3570-2710), Lenti, Marco Vincenzo, Aronico, Nicola, Bianchi, Paola Ilaria, D'Agate, Carmela Cinzia, Neri, Matteo, Volta, Umberto, Mumolo, Maria Gloria, Astegiano, Marco, Calabrò, Antonino Salvatore, Zingone, Fabiana, Latella, Giovanni, Di Sario, Antonio, Carroccio, Antonio, Ciacci, Carolina, Luzza, Francesco, Bagnato, Carmela, Fantini, Massimo Claudio, Elli, Luca, Cammarota, Giovanni, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Portincasa, Piero, Latorre, Mario Andrea, Petrucci, Clarissa, Quatraccioni, Claudia, Iannelli, Chiara, Vecchione, Nicoletta, Rossi, Carlo Maria, Broglio, Giacomo, Ianiro, Gianluca, Marsilio, Ilaria, Bibbò, Stefano, Marinoni, Beatrice, Tomaselli, Donatella, Abenavoli, Ludovico, Pilia, Riccardo, Santacroce, Giovanni, Lynch, Erica, Carrieri, Antonella, Mansueto, Pasquale, Gabba, Margherita, Alunno, Giacomo, Rossi, Chiara, Onnis, Francesca, Efthymakis, Konstantino, Cesaro, Nicola, Vernero, Marta, Baiano Svizzero, Federica, Semeraro, Francesco Paolo, Silano, Marco, Vanoli, Alessandro, Klersy, Catherine, Corazza, Gino Roberto, Di Sabatino, Antonio, Cammarota, Giovanni (ORCID:0000-0002-3626-6148), Gasbarrini, Antonio (ORCID:0000-0002-7278-4823), Ianiro, Gianluca (ORCID:0000-0002-8318-0515), and Rossi, Chiara (ORCID:0000-0002-3570-2710)

Abstract

Background: There are few data regarding the diagnostic delay and its predisposing factors in coeliac disease (CD). Aims: To investigate the overall, the patient-dependant, and the physician-dependant diagnostic delays in CD. Methods: CD adult patients were retrospectively enroled at 19 Italian CD outpatient clinics (2011-2021). Overall, patient-dependant, and physician-dependant diagnostic delays were assessed. Extreme diagnostic, i.e., lying above the third quartile of our population, was also analysed. Multivariable regression models for factors affecting the delay were fitted. Results: Overall, 2362 CD patients (median age at diagnosis 38 years, IQR 27-46; M:F ratio=1:3) were included. The median overall diagnostic delay was 8 months (IQR 5-14), while patient- and physician-dependant delays were 3 (IQR 2-6) and 4 (IQR 2-6) months, respectively. Previous misdiagnosis was associated with greater physician-dependant (1.076, p = 0.005) and overall (0.659, p = 0.001) diagnostic delays. Neurological symptoms (odds ratio 2.311, p = 0.005) and a previous misdiagnosis (coefficient 9.807, p = 0.000) were associated with a greater extreme physician-dependant delay. Gastrointestinal symptoms (OR 1.880, p = 0.004), neurological symptoms (OR 2.313, p = 0.042), and previous misdiagnosis (OR 4.265, p = 0.000) were associated with increased extreme overall diagnostic delay. Conclusion: We identified some factors that hamper CD diagnosis. A proper screening strategy for CD should be implemented.

Published
2023

37. Genetic landscape of congenital insensitivity to pain and hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies

Author

Lischka, Annette; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8042-4361, Eggermann, Katja, Record, Christopher J; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9802-2683, Dohrn, Maike F; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5320-9807, Laššuthová, Petra, Kraft, Florian; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5324-9155, Begemann, Matthias, Dey, Daniela, Eggermann, Thomas; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8419-0264, Beijer, Danique; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6593-7644, Šoukalová, Jana, Laura, Matilde, Rossor, Alexander M, Mazanec, Radim, Van Lent, Jonas, Tomaselli, Pedro J; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1485-3771, Ungelenk, Martin, Debus, Karlien Y, Feely, Shawna M E, Gläser, Dieter, Jagadeesh, Sujatha, Martin, Madelena, Govindaraj, Geeta M, Singhi, Pratibha, Baineni, Revanth, Biswal, Niranjan, Ibarra-Ramírez, Marisol, Bonduelle, Maryse, Gess, Burkhard, Hornemann, T; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4218-1087, et al, Lischka, Annette; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8042-4361, Eggermann, Katja, Record, Christopher J; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9802-2683, Dohrn, Maike F; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5320-9807, Laššuthová, Petra, Kraft, Florian; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5324-9155, Begemann, Matthias, Dey, Daniela, Eggermann, Thomas; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8419-0264, Beijer, Danique; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6593-7644, Šoukalová, Jana, Laura, Matilde, Rossor, Alexander M, Mazanec, Radim, Van Lent, Jonas, Tomaselli, Pedro J; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1485-3771, Ungelenk, Martin, Debus, Karlien Y, Feely, Shawna M E, Gläser, Dieter, Jagadeesh, Sujatha, Martin, Madelena, Govindaraj, Geeta M, Singhi, Pratibha, Baineni, Revanth, Biswal, Niranjan, Ibarra-Ramírez, Marisol, Bonduelle, Maryse, Gess, Burkhard, Hornemann, T; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4218-1087, and et al

Abstract

Congenital insensitivity to pain (CIP) and hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies (HSAN) are clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders exclusively or predominantly affecting the sensory and autonomic neurons. Due to the rarity of the diseases and findings based mainly on single case reports or small case series, knowledge about these disorders is limited. Here, we describe the molecular workup of a large international cohort of CIP/HSAN patients including patients from normally under-represented countries. We identify 80 previously unreported pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in a total of 73 families in the >20 known CIP/HSAN-associated genes. The data expand the spectrum of disease-relevant alterations in CIP/HSAN, including novel variants in previously rarely recognized entities such as ATL3-, FLVCR1- and NGF-associated neuropathies and previously under-recognized mutation types such as larger deletions. In silico predictions, heterologous expression studies, segregation analyses and metabolic tests helped to overcome limitations of current variant classification schemes that often fail to categorize a variant as disease-related or benign. The study sheds light on the genetic causes and disease-relevant changes within individual genes in CIP/HSAN. This is becoming increasingly important with emerging clinical trials investigating subtype or gene-specific treatment strategies.

Published
2023

38. Distinguishing environmental effects on binary black hole gravitational waveforms

Author

Cole, Philippa S., Bertone, Gianfranco, Coogan, Adam, Gaggero, Daniele, Karydas, Theophanes, Kavanagh, Bradley J., Spieksma, Thomas F. M., Tomaselli, Giovanni Maria, Cole, Philippa S., Bertone, Gianfranco, Coogan, Adam, Gaggero, Daniele, Karydas, Theophanes, Kavanagh, Bradley J., Spieksma, Thomas F. M., and Tomaselli, Giovanni Maria

Published
2023

39. Seroepidemiological survey on the impact of smoking on SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 outcomes: Protocol for the troina study

Author

Polosa, R, Tomaselli, V, Ferrara, P, Romeo, A, Rust, S, Saitta, D, Caraci, F, Romano, C, Thangaraju, M, Zuccarello, P, Rose, J, Cantone, G, Ferrante, M, Belsey, J, Cibella, F, Interlandi, E, Ferri, R, Polosa R., Tomaselli V., Ferrara P., Romeo A. C., Rust S., Saitta D., Caraci F., Romano C., Thangaraju M., Zuccarello P., Rose J., Cantone G. G., Ferrante M., Belsey J., Cibella F., Interlandi E., Ferri R., Polosa, R, Tomaselli, V, Ferrara, P, Romeo, A, Rust, S, Saitta, D, Caraci, F, Romano, C, Thangaraju, M, Zuccarello, P, Rose, J, Cantone, G, Ferrante, M, Belsey, J, Cibella, F, Interlandi, E, Ferri, R, Polosa R., Tomaselli V., Ferrara P., Romeo A. C., Rust S., Saitta D., Caraci F., Romano C., Thangaraju M., Zuccarello P., Rose J., Cantone G. G., Ferrante M., Belsey J., Cibella F., Interlandi E., and Ferri R.

Abstract

Background: After the global spread of SARS-CoV-2, research has highlighted several aspects of the pandemic, focusing on clinical features and risk factors associated with infection and disease severity. However, emerging results on the role of smoking in SARS-CoV-2 infection susceptibility or COVID-19 outcomes are conflicting, and their robustness remains uncertain. Objective: In this context, this study aims at quantifying the proportion of SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence, studying the changes in antibody levels over time, and analyzing the association between the biochemically verified smoking status and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: The research design involves a 6-month prospective cohort study with a serial sampling of the same individuals. Each participant will be surveyed about their demographics and COVID-19-related information, and blood sampling will be collected upon recruitment and at specified follow-up time points (ie, after 8 and 24 weeks). Blood samples will be screened for the presence of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies and serum cotinine, being the latter of the principal metabolite of nicotine, which will be used to assess participants' smoking status. Results: The study is ongoing. It aims to find a higher antibody prevalence in individuals at high risk for viral exposure (ie, health care personnel) and to refine current estimates on the association between smoking status and SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19. Conclusions: The added value of this research is that the current smoking status of the population to be studied will be biochemically verified to avoid the bias associated with self-reported smoking status. As such, the results from this survey may provide an actionable metric to study the role of smoking in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 outcomes, and therefore to implement the most appropriate public health measures to control the pandemic. Results may also serve as a reference for future clinical research, and the methodology could be exploite

Published
2021

40. Recent advances in multimodality imaging of the tricuspid valve

Author

Caravita, S, Figliozzi, S, Florescu, D, Volpato, V, Oliverio, G, Tomaselli, M, Torlasco, C, Muscogiuri, G, Cernigliaro, F, Parati, G, Badano, L, Muraru, D, Caravita S., Figliozzi S., Florescu D. -R., Volpato V., Oliverio G., Tomaselli M., Torlasco C., Muscogiuri G., Cernigliaro F., Parati G., Badano L., Muraru D., Caravita, S, Figliozzi, S, Florescu, D, Volpato, V, Oliverio, G, Tomaselli, M, Torlasco, C, Muscogiuri, G, Cernigliaro, F, Parati, G, Badano, L, Muraru, D, Caravita S., Figliozzi S., Florescu D. -R., Volpato V., Oliverio G., Tomaselli M., Torlasco C., Muscogiuri G., Cernigliaro F., Parati G., Badano L., and Muraru D.

Abstract

Introduction: The tricuspid valve (TV) and the right heart chambers are complex three-dimensional structures that are difficult to assess using tomographic imaging techniques. The progressive aging of the general population and the advancements in treating left-sided heart diseases by transcatheter procedures have contributed to the tricuspid regurgitation (TR) becoming a major public health problem associated with progression to refractory heart failure and poor outcome. Recent advances in multimodality cardiac imaging allow a better understanding of the pathophysiology of TR that may translate in better management of patients. Areas covered: Three-dimensional echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance, and computed tomography provide complementary information to i. assess the TV complex; ii. identify the etiology and the mechanisms of TR; iii. evaluate its severity and hemodynamic consequences; iv. explore the remodeling of the right heart chambers; and v. properly plan, guide, and monitor the transcatheter interventions aimed to reduce the severity of TR. Expert opinion: We need thorough understanding of both the TV and the right heart chamber geometry and function to understand the pathophysiology of TR. The integrated use of multimodality cardiac imaging is pivotal to assess patients with TR and to identify tailored and timely treatment of TR in properly selected patients.

Published
2021

41. Atrial functional tricuspid regurgitation: A novel and underappreciated clinical entity

Author

Florescu, D, Figliozzi, S, Guta, A, Vicini, S, Tomaselli, M, Târtea, G, Istrătoaie, O, Parati, G, Badano, L, Muraru, D, Florescu, Diana-Ruxandra, Figliozzi, Stefano, Guta, Andrada, Vicini, Stefano, Tomaselli, Michele, Târtea, Georgică Costinel, Istrătoaie, Octavian, Parati, Gianfranco, Badano, Luigi, Muraru, Denisa, Florescu, D, Figliozzi, S, Guta, A, Vicini, S, Tomaselli, M, Târtea, G, Istrătoaie, O, Parati, G, Badano, L, Muraru, D, Florescu, Diana-Ruxandra, Figliozzi, Stefano, Guta, Andrada, Vicini, Stefano, Tomaselli, Michele, Târtea, Georgică Costinel, Istrătoaie, Octavian, Parati, Gianfranco, Badano, Luigi, and Muraru, Denisa

Abstract

Functional or secondary tricuspid regurgitation (FTR) is a progressive disease with a significant negative impact on patient morbidity and mortality. Recently, atrial fibrillation (AF) has been recognized as a cause of FTR (with/without coexisting functional mitral regurgitation) by promoting right atrial (RA) remodeling and secondary tricuspid valve (TV) annulus dilation, even in the absence of right ventricular (RV) dilation or dysfunction. This distinct form of FTR has been called “atriogenic” or “atrial”. Recent evidence suggests that the RA is an important player in FTR pathophysiology not only for patients with AF, but also for those in sinus rhythm. Preliminary reports on atrial FTR show that cardioversion with documented maintenance of sinus rhythm promotes TV annulus and RA reverse remodeling and may significantly reduce FTR severity at follow-up. Large-scale studies on the prognostic benefits of rhythm vs rate-control strategy in atrial FTR patients are needed to substantiate specific guidelines indications for this subset of patients.

Published
2021

42. The Pathophysiological Link between Right Atrial Remodeling and Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: A Three-Dimensional Echocardiography Study

Author

Guta, A, Badano, L, Tomaselli, M, Mihalcea, D, Bartos, D, Parati, G, Muraru, D, Guta A. C., Badano L., Tomaselli M., Mihalcea D., Bartos D., Parati G., Muraru D., Guta, A, Badano, L, Tomaselli, M, Mihalcea, D, Bartos, D, Parati, G, Muraru, D, Guta A. C., Badano L., Tomaselli M., Mihalcea D., Bartos D., Parati G., and Muraru D.

Abstract

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) itself may lead to functional tricuspid regurgitation (FTR) through tricuspid annulus (TA) dilation. However, the pathophysiological determinants of TA enlargement in AF patients remain to be clarified. The objectives of this study were (1) to compare the TA size and function in AF patients versus healthy subjects; (2) to identify the determinants of TA remodeling in patients with AF and FTR; and (3) to assess the relationships among right heart structures and severity of FTR in AF patients. Methods: Eighty-three consecutive patients with long-term persistent AF and FTR (61 ± 9.9 years, 67% women) were prospectively enrolled and compared with 83 sex and body surface area–matched healthy subjects. Heart chamber size and function and TA geometry were analyzed using three-dimensional echocardiography. Results: Among AF patients, 33%, 34%, and 33% had mild, moderate, and severe FTR, respectively. Right atrial (RA) dilation was detected in 93% of AF patients, while only 27% and 12% of them showed dilated or dysfunctional right ventricle (RV), respectively. End-diastolic TA area had the strongest correlation with the minimum volume of the RA (RAVmin r = 0.6981, P <.0001) but only mild correlation with RV end-diastolic volume and sex (r = 0.3405, P =.0019; r = 0.2914, P =.0075). At multivariable analysis, only RAVmin was independently associated with TA area in AF patients (r = 0.665, P <.0001). The RAVmin and TA area were the only predictors of FTR severity. Conclusions: In patients with AF, RA dilation seems to be more important than RV dilation to determine TA enlargement and subsequent FTR development. The RAVmin and TA area were directly correlated to FTR severity.

Published
2021

43. Utility and safety of bronchoscopy during the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in Italy: A retrospective, multicentre study

Author

Mondoni, M, Papa, G, Rinaldo, R, Faverio, P, Marruchella, A, D'Arcangelo, F, Pesci, A, Pasini, S, Henchi, S, Cipolla, G, Tarantini, F, Giuliani, L, Di Marco, F, Saracino, L, Tomaselli, S, Corsico, A, Gasparini, S, Bonifazi, M, Zuccatosta, L, Saderi, L, Pellegrino, G, Centanni, M, Sotgiu, G, Carlucci, P, Mondoni M., Papa G. F. S., Rinaldo R., Faverio P., Marruchella A., D'Arcangelo F., Pesci A., Pasini S., Henchi S., Cipolla G., Tarantini F., Giuliani L., Di Marco F., Saracino L., Tomaselli S., Corsico A., Gasparini S., Bonifazi M., Zuccatosta L., Saderi L., Pellegrino G., Centanni M. D. S., Sotgiu G., Carlucci P., Mondoni, M, Papa, G, Rinaldo, R, Faverio, P, Marruchella, A, D'Arcangelo, F, Pesci, A, Pasini, S, Henchi, S, Cipolla, G, Tarantini, F, Giuliani, L, Di Marco, F, Saracino, L, Tomaselli, S, Corsico, A, Gasparini, S, Bonifazi, M, Zuccatosta, L, Saderi, L, Pellegrino, G, Centanni, M, Sotgiu, G, Carlucci, P, Mondoni M., Papa G. F. S., Rinaldo R., Faverio P., Marruchella A., D'Arcangelo F., Pesci A., Pasini S., Henchi S., Cipolla G., Tarantini F., Giuliani L., Di Marco F., Saracino L., Tomaselli S., Corsico A., Gasparini S., Bonifazi M., Zuccatosta L., Saderi L., Pellegrino G., Centanni M. D. S., Sotgiu G., and Carlucci P.

Published
2020

44. Practical two-photon-absorption cross sections and spectra of eosin and hematoxylin

Author

Parravicini, J, Tomaselli, A, Hasani, E, Tomassini, D, Manfredi, N, Tartara, L, Parravicini J., Tomaselli A., Hasani E., Tomassini D., Manfredi N., Tartara L., Parravicini, J, Tomaselli, A, Hasani, E, Tomassini, D, Manfredi, N, Tartara, L, Parravicini J., Tomaselli A., Hasani E., Tomassini D., Manfredi N., and Tartara L.

Abstract

We experimentally investigate the two-photon absorption cross sections and spectra of eosin and hematoxylin for applications in nonlinear microscopy. The experiments are carried out on pure samples of the two dyes in DI-water solvent with different concentrations, in the typical range employed in standard staining procedures. Nonlinear fluorescence is excited by a line-shaped beam emitted by a Ti:Sapphire mode-locked laser in the wavelength range from 740 to 880 nm and is detected through a microscope setup. The two-photon absorption spectral response is systematically analyzed and discussed. Finally, the staining is applied on biological tissue samples, which are imaged by two-photon microscopy. Our results show that the employed dyes are fully suitable for applications in nonlinear imaging.

Published
2020

45. Improvement of functional capacity in sacubitril-valsartan treated patients assessed by cardiopulmonary exercise test

Author

Malfatto, G, Ravaro, S, Caravita, S, Baratto, C, Sorropago, A, Giglio, A, Tomaselli, M, Parati, G, Villani, A, Malfatto G., Ravaro S., Caravita S., Baratto C., Sorropago A., Giglio A., Tomaselli M., Parati G., Villani A., Malfatto, G, Ravaro, S, Caravita, S, Baratto, C, Sorropago, A, Giglio, A, Tomaselli, M, Parati, G, Villani, A, Malfatto G., Ravaro S., Caravita S., Baratto C., Sorropago A., Giglio A., Tomaselli M., Parati G., and Villani A.

Abstract

Neprilisin and angiotensin receptor inhibition (Sacubitril/Valsartan, i.e. ARNI) is recommended in heart failure guidelines for patients in NYHA class II-III with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). ARNI increase survival and quality of life; due to their hemodynamic effects, ARNI could also affect exercise tolerance. We studied the effects of ARNI on cardiopulmonary test (CPET) after six months of treatment in 35 patients [67 ± 11 years; LVEF 31 ± 6%; NT-proBNP 1822 ± 1651 pg/ml; ICD/CRT since at least 6 months in 26/35], treated with increasing doses of Sacubitril/Valsartan up to 318 ± 36 mg/die. In addition, levels of NT-proBNP, renal function, electrolytes, and echocardiocolorDoppler were assessed in the same time periods. No variations of renal function and/or potassium levels were observed; NT-proBNP decreased. Most CPET variables were improved by ARNI (p <.05): peak VO2 and O2 pulse increased (from 15.8 ± 3.4 to 17.0 ± 4.0 ml/kg/min and from 11.5 ± 2.5 to 12.6 ± 2.4 ml/beat, respectively), while VEVCO2 slope decreased from 35.2 ± 11.2 to 33.1 ± 12.3. A significant relationship (p <.05) was observed between the amount of increase in LVEF and that of O2 pulse in all patients, and between the amount of decrease in PAPs and that of VEVCO2 slope in patients showing pulmonary hypertension in baseline. In a subgroup of 22 patients who already completed A 1 year follow-up, overall CPET improvement was maintained. In conclusion, already in the short term ARNI favourably affect cardiopulmonary response to exercise in heart failure patients; such a change seems to be preserved on a longer period.

Published
2020

46. Notulae to the Italian native vascular flora: 9

Author

Bartolucci, F, Domina, G, Andreatta, S, Angius, R, Ardenghi, N, Bacchetta, G, Ballelli, S, Banfi, E, Barberis, D, Barberis, G, Bernardo, L, Bertolli, A, Bonari, G, Bovio, M, Briozzo, I, Buccomino, G, Calvia, G, Chianese, G, Cibei, C, Conti, F, Copez, M, Crisanti, A, Dagnino, D, Di Filippo, A, Esposito, A, Fanni, S, Festi, F, Forte, L, Galasso, G, Gentili, R, Gottschlich, G, Lattanzi, E, Liguori, P, Locci, M, Longo, D, Lonati, M, Lucchese, F, Marchetti, D, Mariotti, M, Menini, F, Minuto, L, Orru, G, Pala, M, Passalacqua, N, Pellegrino, M, Pennesi, R, Peruzzi, L, Pinzani, L, Pirastru, G, Prosser, F, Enri, S, Roma-Marzio, F, Russo, G, Scoppola, A, Silletti, G, Stinca, A, Toffolo, C, Tomaselli, V, Tondi, G, Trenchi, M, Turcato, C, Nepi, C, Bartolucci F., Domina G., Andreatta S., Angius R., Ardenghi N. M. G., Bacchetta G., Ballelli S., Banfi E., Barberis D., Barberis G., Bernardo L., Bertolli A., Bonari G., Bovio M., Briozzo I., Buccomino G., Calvia G., Chianese G., Cibei C., Conti F., Copez M., Crisanti A., Dagnino D., Di Filippo A., Esposito A., Fanni S., Festi F., Forte L., Galasso G., Gentili R., Gottschlich G., Lattanzi E., Liguori P., Locci M. C., Longo D., Lonati M., Lucchese F., Marchetti D., Mariotti M. G., Menini F., Minuto L., Orru G., Pala M. L., Passalacqua N. G., Pellegrino M., Pennesi R., Peruzzi L., Pinzani L., Pirastru G., Prosser F., Enri S. R., Roma-Marzio F., Russo G., Scoppola A., Silletti G., Stinca A., Toffolo C., Tomaselli V., Tondi G., Trenchi M., Turcato C., Nepi C., Bartolucci, F, Domina, G, Andreatta, S, Angius, R, Ardenghi, N, Bacchetta, G, Ballelli, S, Banfi, E, Barberis, D, Barberis, G, Bernardo, L, Bertolli, A, Bonari, G, Bovio, M, Briozzo, I, Buccomino, G, Calvia, G, Chianese, G, Cibei, C, Conti, F, Copez, M, Crisanti, A, Dagnino, D, Di Filippo, A, Esposito, A, Fanni, S, Festi, F, Forte, L, Galasso, G, Gentili, R, Gottschlich, G, Lattanzi, E, Liguori, P, Locci, M, Longo, D, Lonati, M, Lucchese, F, Marchetti, D, Mariotti, M, Menini, F, Minuto, L, Orru, G, Pala, M, Passalacqua, N, Pellegrino, M, Pennesi, R, Peruzzi, L, Pinzani, L, Pirastru, G, Prosser, F, Enri, S, Roma-Marzio, F, Russo, G, Scoppola, A, Silletti, G, Stinca, A, Toffolo, C, Tomaselli, V, Tondi, G, Trenchi, M, Turcato, C, Nepi, C, Bartolucci F., Domina G., Andreatta S., Angius R., Ardenghi N. M. G., Bacchetta G., Ballelli S., Banfi E., Barberis D., Barberis G., Bernardo L., Bertolli A., Bonari G., Bovio M., Briozzo I., Buccomino G., Calvia G., Chianese G., Cibei C., Conti F., Copez M., Crisanti A., Dagnino D., Di Filippo A., Esposito A., Fanni S., Festi F., Forte L., Galasso G., Gentili R., Gottschlich G., Lattanzi E., Liguori P., Locci M. C., Longo D., Lonati M., Lucchese F., Marchetti D., Mariotti M. G., Menini F., Minuto L., Orru G., Pala M. L., Passalacqua N. G., Pellegrino M., Pennesi R., Peruzzi L., Pinzani L., Pirastru G., Prosser F., Enri S. R., Roma-Marzio F., Russo G., Scoppola A., Silletti G., Stinca A., Toffolo C., Tomaselli V., Tondi G., Trenchi M., Turcato C., and Nepi C.

Abstract

In this contribution, new data concerning the distribution of native vascular flora in Italy are presented. It includes new records, confirmations, exclusions, and status changes to the Italian administrative regions. Two new combinations are proposed. Nomenclatural and distribution updates, published elsewhere, and corrigenda are provided as Suppl. material 1.

Published
2020

47. Assessment of left ventricular diastolic function by three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography

Author

Badano, L, Muraru, D, Ciambellotti, F, Caravita, S, Guida, V, Tomaselli, M, Parati, G, Badano, Luigi, Muraru, Denisa, Ciambellotti, Francesca, Caravita, Sergio, Guida, Valentina, Tomaselli, Michele, Parati, Gianfranco, Badano, L, Muraru, D, Ciambellotti, F, Caravita, S, Guida, V, Tomaselli, M, Parati, G, Badano, Luigi, Muraru, Denisa, Ciambellotti, Francesca, Caravita, Sergio, Guida, Valentina, Tomaselli, Michele, and Parati, Gianfranco

Abstract

Doppler echocardiography assessment of left ventricular (LV) filling pressures at rest and during exercise is the most widely used imaging technique to assess LV diastolic function in clinical practice. However, a sizable number of patients evaluated for suspected LV diastolic function show an inconsistency between the various parameters included in the flowchart recommended by current Doppler echocardiography guidelines and results in an undetermined LV diastolic function. Current three-dimensional echocardiography technology allows obtaining accurate measurements of the left atrial volumes and functions that have been shown to improve the diagnostic accuracy and prognostic value of the algorithms recommended for assessing both LV diastolic dysfunction and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Moreover, current software packages used to quantify LV size and function provide also volume-time curves showing the dynamic LV volume change throughout the cardiac cycle. Examining the diastolic part of these curves allows the measurement of several indices of LV filling that have been reported to be useful to differentiate patients with normal LV diastolic function from patients with different degrees of diastolic dysfunction. Finally, several software packages allow to obtain also myocardial deformation parameters from the three-dimensional datasets of both the left atrium and the LV providing additional functional parameters that may be useful to improve the diagnostic yield of three-dimensional echocardiography for the LV diastolic dysfunction. This review summarizes the current applications of three-dimensional echocardiography to assess LV diastolic function.

Published
2020

49. Atrial Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation as a Distinct Pathophysiological and Clinical Entity: No Idiopathic Tricuspid Regurgitation Anymore

Author

Florescu, D, Muraru, D, Volpato, V, Gavazzoni, M, Caravita, S, Tomaselli, M, Ciampi, P, Florescu, C, Balseanu, T, Parati, G, Badano, L, Florescu, D, Muraru, D, Volpato, V, Gavazzoni, M, Caravita, S, Tomaselli, M, Ciampi, P, Florescu, C, Balseanu, T, Parati, G, and Badano, L

Abstract

Functional tricuspid regurgitation (FTR) is a strong and independent predictor of patient morbidity and mortality if left untreated. The development of transcatheter procedures to either repair or replace the tricuspid valve (TV) has fueled the interest in the pathophysiology, severity assessment, and clinical consequences of FTR. FTR has been considered to be secondary to tricuspid annulus (TA) dilation and leaflet tethering, associated to right ventricular (RV) dilation and/or dysfunction (the “classical”, ventricular form of FTR, V-FTR) for a long time. Atrial FTR (A-FTR) has recently emerged as a distinct pathophysiological entity. A-FTR typically occurs in patients with persistent/permanent atrial fibrillation, in whom an imbalance between the TA and leaflet areas results in leaflets malcoaptation, associated with the dilation and loss of the sphincter-like function of the TA, due to right atrium enlargement and dysfunction. According to its distinct pathophysiology, A-FTR poses different needs of clinical management, and the various interventional treatment options will likely have different outcomes than in V-FTR patients. This review aims to provide an insight into the anatomy of the TV, and the distinct pathophysiology of A-FTR, which are key concepts to understanding the objectives of therapy, the choice of transcatheter TV interventions, and to properly use pre-, intra-, and post-procedural imaging.

Published
2022

50. Global maps of soil temperature

Author

Lembrechts, Jonas J, van den Hoogen, Johan, Aalto, Juha, Ashcroft, Michael B, De Frenne, Pieter, Kemppinen, Julia, Kopecký, Martin, Luoto, Miska, Maclean, Ilya M D, Crowther, Thomas W, Bailey, Joseph J, Haesen, Stef, Klinges, David H, Niittynen, Pekka, Scheffers, Brett R, Van Meerbeek, Koenraad, Aartsma, Peter, Abdalaze, Otar, Abedi, Mehdi, Aerts, Rien, Ahmadian, Negar, Ahrends, Antje, Alatalo, Juha M, Alexander, Jake M, Allonsius, Camille Nina, Altman, Jan, Ammann, Christof, Andres, Christian, Andrews, Christopher, Ardö, Jonas, Arriga, Nicola, Arzac, Alberto, Aschero, Valeria, Assis, Rafael L, Assmann, Jakob Johann, Bader, Maaike Y, Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, Barančok, Peter, Barrio, Isabel C, Barros, Agustina, Barthel, Matti, Basham, Edmund W, Bauters, Marijn, Bazzichetto, Manuele, Marchesini, Luca Belelli, Bell, Michael C, Benavides, Juan C, Benito Alonso, José Luis, Berauer, Bernd J, Bjerke, Jarle W, Björk, Robert G, Björkman, Mats P, Björnsdóttir, Katrin, Blonder, Benjamin, Boeckx, Pascal, Boike, Julia, Bokhorst, Stef, Brum, Bárbara N S, Brůna, Josef, Buchmann, Nina, Buysse, Pauline, Camargo, José Luís, Campoe, Otávio C, Candan, Onur, Canessa, Rafaella, Cannone, Nicoletta, Carbognani, Michele, Carnicer, Jofre, Casanova-Katny, Angélica, Cesarz, Simone, Chojnicki, Bogdan, Choler, Philippe, Chown, Steven L, Cifuentes, Edgar F, Čiliak, Marek, Contador, Tamara, Convey, Peter, Cooper, Elisabeth J, Cremonese, Edoardo, Curasi, Salvatore R, Curtis, Robin, Cutini, Maurizio, Dahlberg, C Johan, Daskalova, Gergana N, de Pablo, Miguel Angel, Della Chiesa, Stefano, Dengler, Jürgen, Deronde, Bart, Descombes, Patrice, Di Cecco, Valter, Di Musciano, Michele, Dick, Jan, Dimarco, Romina D, Dolezal, Jiri, Dorrepaal, Ellen, Dušek, Jiří, Eisenhauer, Nico, Eklundh, Lars, Erickson, Todd E, Erschbamer, Brigitta, Eugster, Werner, Ewers, Robert M, Exton, Dan A, Fanin, Nicolas, Fazlioglu, Fatih, Feigenwinter, Iris, Fenu, Giuseppe, Ferlian, Olga, Fernández Calzado, M Rosa, Fernández-Pascual, Eduardo, Finckh, Manfred, Higgens, Rebecca Finger, Forte, T'ai G W, Freeman, Erika C, Frei, Esther R, Fuentes-Lillo, Eduardo, García, Rafael A, García, María B, Géron, Charly, Gharun, Mana, Ghosn, Dany, Gigauri, Khatuna, Gobin, Anne, Goded, Ignacio, Goeckede, Mathias, Gottschall, Felix, Goulding, Keith, Govaert, Sanne, Graae, Bente Jessen, Greenwood, Sarah, Greiser, Caroline, Grelle, Achim, Guénard, Benoit, Guglielmin, Mauro, Guillemot, Joannès, Haase, Peter, Haider, Sylvia, Halbritter, Aud H, Hamid, Maroof, Hammerle, Albin, Hampe, Arndt, Haugum, Siri V, Hederová, Lucia, Heinesch, Bernard, Helfter, Carole, Hepenstrick, Daniel, Herberich, Maximiliane, Herbst, Mathias, Hermanutz, Luise, Hik, David S, Hoffrén, Raúl, Homeier, Jürgen, Hörtnagl, Lukas, Høye, Toke T, Hrbacek, Filip, Hylander, Kristoffer, Iwata, Hiroki, Jackowicz-Korczynski, Marcin Antoni, Jactel, Hervé, Järveoja, Järvi, Jastrzębowski, Szymon, Jentsch, Anke, Jiménez, Juan J, Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg S, Jucker, Tommaso, Jump, Alistair S, Juszczak, Radoslaw, Kanka, Róbert, Kašpar, Vít, Kazakis, George, Kelly, Julia, Khuroo, Anzar A, Klemedtsson, Leif, Klisz, Marcin, Kljun, Natascha, Knohl, Alexander, Kobler, Johannes, Kollár, Jozef, Kotowska, Martyna M, Kovács, Bence, Kreyling, Juergen, Lamprecht, Andrea, Lang, Simone I, Larson, Christian, Larson, Keith, Laska, Kamil, le Maire, Guerric, Leihy, Rachel I, Lens, Luc, Liljebladh, Bengt, Lohila, Annalea, Lorite, Juan, Loubet, Benjamin, Lynn, Joshua, Macek, Martin, Mackenzie, Roy, Magliulo, Enzo, Maier, Regine, Malfasi, Francesco, Máliš, František, Man, Matěj, Manca, Giovanni, Manco, Antonio, Manise, Tanguy, Manolaki, Paraskevi, Marciniak, Felipe, Matula, Radim, Mazzolari, Ana Clara, Medinets, Sergiy, Medinets, Volodymyr, Meeussen, Camille, Merinero, Sonia, Mesquita, Rita de Cássia Guimarães, Meusburger, Katrin, Meysman, Filip J R, Michaletz, Sean T, Milbau, Ann, Moiseev, Dmitry, Moiseev, Pavel, Mondoni, Andrea, Monfries, Ruth, Montagnani, Leonardo, Moriana-Armendariz, Mikel, Morra di Cella, Umberto, Mörsdorf, Martin, Mosedale, Jonathan R, Muffler, Lena, Muñoz-Rojas, Miriam, Myers, Jonathan A, Myers-Smith, Isla H, Nagy, Laszlo, Nardino, Marianna, Naujokaitis-Lewis, Ilona, Newling, Emily, Nicklas, Lena, Niedrist, Georg, Niessner, Armin, Nilsson, Mats B, Normand, Signe, Nosetto, Marcelo D, Nouvellon, Yann, Nuñez, Martin A, Ogaya, Romà, Ogée, Jérôme, Okello, Joseph, Olejnik, Janusz, Olesen, Jørgen Eivind, Opedal, Øystein H, Orsenigo, Simone, Palaj, Andrej, Pampuch, Timo, Panov, Alexey V, Pärtel, Meelis, Pastor, Ada, Pauchard, Aníbal, Pauli, Harald, Pavelka, Marian, Pearse, William D, Peichl, Matthias, Pellissier, Loïc, Penczykowski, Rachel M, Penuelas, Josep, Petit Bon, Matteo, Petraglia, Alessandro, Phartyal, Shyam S, Phoenix, Gareth K, Pio, Casimiro, Pitacco, Andrea, Pitteloud, Camille, Plichta, Roman, Porro, Francesco, Portillo-Estrada, Miguel, Poulenard, Jérôme, Poyatos, Rafael, Prokushkin, Anatoly S, Puchalka, Radoslaw, Pușcaș, Mihai, Radujković, Dajana, Randall, Krystal, Ratier Backes, Amanda, Remmele, Sabine, Remmers, Wolfram, Renault, David, Risch, Anita C, Rixen, Christian, Robinson, Sharon A, Robroek, Bjorn J M, Rocha, Adrian V, Rossi, Christian, Rossi, Graziano, Roupsard, Olivier, Rubtsov, Alexey V, Saccone, Patrick, Sagot, Clotilde, Sallo Bravo, Jhonatan, Santos, Cinthya C, Sarneel, Judith M, Scharnweber, Tobias, Schmeddes, Jonas, Schmidt, Marius, Scholten, Thomas, Schuchardt, Max, Schwartz, Naomi, Scott, Tony, Seeber, Julia, Segalin de Andrade, Ana Cristina, Seipel, Tim, Semenchuk, Philipp, Senior, Rebecca A, Serra-Diaz, Josep M, Sewerniak, Piotr, Shekhar, Ankit, Sidenko, Nikita V, Siebicke, Lukas, Siegwart Collier, Laura, Simpson, Elizabeth, Siqueira, David P, Sitková, Zuzana, Six, Johan, Smiljanic, Marko, Smith, Stuart W, Smith-Tripp, Sarah, Somers, Ben, Sørensen, Mia Vedel, Souza, José João L L, Souza, Bartolomeu Israel, Souza Dias, Arildo, Spasojevic, Marko J, Speed, James D M, Spicher, Fabien, Stanisci, Angela, Steinbauer, Klaus, Steinbrecher, Rainer, Steinwandter, Michael, Stemkovski, Michael, Stephan, Jörg G, Stiegler, Christian, Stoll, Stefan, Svátek, Martin, Svoboda, Miroslav, Tagesson, Torbern, Tanentzap, Andrew J, Tanneberger, Franziska, Theurillat, Jean-Paul, Thomas, Haydn J D, Thomas, Andrew D, Tielbörger, Katja, Tomaselli, Marcello, Treier, Urs Albert, Trouillier, Mario, Turtureanu, Pavel Dan, Tutton, Rosamond, Tyystjärvi, Vilna A, Ueyama, Masahito, Ujházy, Karol, Ujházyová, Mariana, Uogintas, Domas, Urban, Anastasiya V, Urban, Josef, Urbaniak, Marek, Ursu, Tudor-Mihai, Vaccari, Francesco Primo, Van de Vondel, Stijn, van den Brink, Liesbeth, Van Geel, Maarten, Vandvik, Vigdis, Vangansbeke, Pieter, Varlagin, Andrej, Veen, G F, Veenendaal, Elmar, Venn, Susanna E, Verbeeck, Hans, Verbrugggen, Erik, Verheijen, Frank G A, Villar, Luis, Vitale, Luca, Vittoz, Pascal, Vives-Ingla, Maria, von Oppen, Jonathan, Walz, Josefine, Wang, Runxi, Wang, Yifeng, Way, Robert G, Wedegärtner, Ronja E M, Weigel, Robert, Wild, Jan, Wilkinson, Matthew, Wilmking, Martin, Wingate, Lisa, Winkler, Manuela, Wipf, Sonja, Wohlfahrt, Georg, Xenakis, Georgios, Yang, Yan, Yu, Zicheng, Yu, Kailiang, Zellweger, Florian, Zhang, Jian, Zhang, Zhaochen, Zhao, Peng, Ziemblińska, Klaudia, Zimmermann, Reiner, Zong, Shengwei, Zyryanov, Viacheslav I, Nijs, Ivan, Lenoir, Jonathan, Lembrechts, Jonas J, van den Hoogen, Johan, Aalto, Juha, Ashcroft, Michael B, De Frenne, Pieter, Kemppinen, Julia, Kopecký, Martin, Luoto, Miska, Maclean, Ilya M D, Crowther, Thomas W, Bailey, Joseph J, Haesen, Stef, Klinges, David H, Niittynen, Pekka, Scheffers, Brett R, Van Meerbeek, Koenraad, Aartsma, Peter, Abdalaze, Otar, Abedi, Mehdi, Aerts, Rien, Ahmadian, Negar, Ahrends, Antje, Alatalo, Juha M, Alexander, Jake M, Allonsius, Camille Nina, Altman, Jan, Ammann, Christof, Andres, Christian, Andrews, Christopher, Ardö, Jonas, Arriga, Nicola, Arzac, Alberto, Aschero, Valeria, Assis, Rafael L, Assmann, Jakob Johann, Bader, Maaike Y, Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, Barančok, Peter, Barrio, Isabel C, Barros, Agustina, Barthel, Matti, Basham, Edmund W, Bauters, Marijn, Bazzichetto, Manuele, Marchesini, Luca Belelli, Bell, Michael C, Benavides, Juan C, Benito Alonso, José Luis, Berauer, Bernd J, Bjerke, Jarle W, Björk, Robert G, Björkman, Mats P, Björnsdóttir, Katrin, Blonder, Benjamin, Boeckx, Pascal, Boike, Julia, Bokhorst, Stef, Brum, Bárbara N S, Brůna, Josef, Buchmann, Nina, Buysse, Pauline, Camargo, José Luís, Campoe, Otávio C, Candan, Onur, Canessa, Rafaella, Cannone, Nicoletta, Carbognani, Michele, Carnicer, Jofre, Casanova-Katny, Angélica, Cesarz, Simone, Chojnicki, Bogdan, Choler, Philippe, Chown, Steven L, Cifuentes, Edgar F, Čiliak, Marek, Contador, Tamara, Convey, Peter, Cooper, Elisabeth J, Cremonese, Edoardo, Curasi, Salvatore R, Curtis, Robin, Cutini, Maurizio, Dahlberg, C Johan, Daskalova, Gergana N, de Pablo, Miguel Angel, Della Chiesa, Stefano, Dengler, Jürgen, Deronde, Bart, Descombes, Patrice, Di Cecco, Valter, Di Musciano, Michele, Dick, Jan, Dimarco, Romina D, Dolezal, Jiri, Dorrepaal, Ellen, Dušek, Jiří, Eisenhauer, Nico, Eklundh, Lars, Erickson, Todd E, Erschbamer, Brigitta, Eugster, Werner, Ewers, Robert M, Exton, Dan A, Fanin, Nicolas, Fazlioglu, Fatih, Feigenwinter, Iris, Fenu, Giuseppe, Ferlian, Olga, Fernández Calzado, M Rosa, Fernández-Pascual, Eduardo, Finckh, Manfred, Higgens, Rebecca Finger, Forte, T'ai G W, Freeman, Erika C, Frei, Esther R, Fuentes-Lillo, Eduardo, García, Rafael A, García, María B, Géron, Charly, Gharun, Mana, Ghosn, Dany, Gigauri, Khatuna, Gobin, Anne, Goded, Ignacio, Goeckede, Mathias, Gottschall, Felix, Goulding, Keith, Govaert, Sanne, Graae, Bente Jessen, Greenwood, Sarah, Greiser, Caroline, Grelle, Achim, Guénard, Benoit, Guglielmin, Mauro, Guillemot, Joannès, Haase, Peter, Haider, Sylvia, Halbritter, Aud H, Hamid, Maroof, Hammerle, Albin, Hampe, Arndt, Haugum, Siri V, Hederová, Lucia, Heinesch, Bernard, Helfter, Carole, Hepenstrick, Daniel, Herberich, Maximiliane, Herbst, Mathias, Hermanutz, Luise, Hik, David S, Hoffrén, Raúl, Homeier, Jürgen, Hörtnagl, Lukas, Høye, Toke T, Hrbacek, Filip, Hylander, Kristoffer, Iwata, Hiroki, Jackowicz-Korczynski, Marcin Antoni, Jactel, Hervé, Järveoja, Järvi, Jastrzębowski, Szymon, Jentsch, Anke, Jiménez, Juan J, Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg S, Jucker, Tommaso, Jump, Alistair S, Juszczak, Radoslaw, Kanka, Róbert, Kašpar, Vít, Kazakis, George, Kelly, Julia, Khuroo, Anzar A, Klemedtsson, Leif, Klisz, Marcin, Kljun, Natascha, Knohl, Alexander, Kobler, Johannes, Kollár, Jozef, Kotowska, Martyna M, Kovács, Bence, Kreyling, Juergen, Lamprecht, Andrea, Lang, Simone I, Larson, Christian, Larson, Keith, Laska, Kamil, le Maire, Guerric, Leihy, Rachel I, Lens, Luc, Liljebladh, Bengt, Lohila, Annalea, Lorite, Juan, Loubet, Benjamin, Lynn, Joshua, Macek, Martin, Mackenzie, Roy, Magliulo, Enzo, Maier, Regine, Malfasi, Francesco, Máliš, František, Man, Matěj, Manca, Giovanni, Manco, Antonio, Manise, Tanguy, Manolaki, Paraskevi, Marciniak, Felipe, Matula, Radim, Mazzolari, Ana Clara, Medinets, Sergiy, Medinets, Volodymyr, Meeussen, Camille, Merinero, Sonia, Mesquita, Rita de Cássia Guimarães, Meusburger, Katrin, Meysman, Filip J R, Michaletz, Sean T, Milbau, Ann, Moiseev, Dmitry, Moiseev, Pavel, Mondoni, Andrea, Monfries, Ruth, Montagnani, Leonardo, Moriana-Armendariz, Mikel, Morra di Cella, Umberto, Mörsdorf, Martin, Mosedale, Jonathan R, Muffler, Lena, Muñoz-Rojas, Miriam, Myers, Jonathan A, Myers-Smith, Isla H, Nagy, Laszlo, Nardino, Marianna, Naujokaitis-Lewis, Ilona, Newling, Emily, Nicklas, Lena, Niedrist, Georg, Niessner, Armin, Nilsson, Mats B, Normand, Signe, Nosetto, Marcelo D, Nouvellon, Yann, Nuñez, Martin A, Ogaya, Romà, Ogée, Jérôme, Okello, Joseph, Olejnik, Janusz, Olesen, Jørgen Eivind, Opedal, Øystein H, Orsenigo, Simone, Palaj, Andrej, Pampuch, Timo, Panov, Alexey V, Pärtel, Meelis, Pastor, Ada, Pauchard, Aníbal, Pauli, Harald, Pavelka, Marian, Pearse, William D, Peichl, Matthias, Pellissier, Loïc, Penczykowski, Rachel M, Penuelas, Josep, Petit Bon, Matteo, Petraglia, Alessandro, Phartyal, Shyam S, Phoenix, Gareth K, Pio, Casimiro, Pitacco, Andrea, Pitteloud, Camille, Plichta, Roman, Porro, Francesco, Portillo-Estrada, Miguel, Poulenard, Jérôme, Poyatos, Rafael, Prokushkin, Anatoly S, Puchalka, Radoslaw, Pușcaș, Mihai, Radujković, Dajana, Randall, Krystal, Ratier Backes, Amanda, Remmele, Sabine, Remmers, Wolfram, Renault, David, Risch, Anita C, Rixen, Christian, Robinson, Sharon A, Robroek, Bjorn J M, Rocha, Adrian V, Rossi, Christian, Rossi, Graziano, Roupsard, Olivier, Rubtsov, Alexey V, Saccone, Patrick, Sagot, Clotilde, Sallo Bravo, Jhonatan, Santos, Cinthya C, Sarneel, Judith M, Scharnweber, Tobias, Schmeddes, Jonas, Schmidt, Marius, Scholten, Thomas, Schuchardt, Max, Schwartz, Naomi, Scott, Tony, Seeber, Julia, Segalin de Andrade, Ana Cristina, Seipel, Tim, Semenchuk, Philipp, Senior, Rebecca A, Serra-Diaz, Josep M, Sewerniak, Piotr, Shekhar, Ankit, Sidenko, Nikita V, Siebicke, Lukas, Siegwart Collier, Laura, Simpson, Elizabeth, Siqueira, David P, Sitková, Zuzana, Six, Johan, Smiljanic, Marko, Smith, Stuart W, Smith-Tripp, Sarah, Somers, Ben, Sørensen, Mia Vedel, Souza, José João L L, Souza, Bartolomeu Israel, Souza Dias, Arildo, Spasojevic, Marko J, Speed, James D M, Spicher, Fabien, Stanisci, Angela, Steinbauer, Klaus, Steinbrecher, Rainer, Steinwandter, Michael, Stemkovski, Michael, Stephan, Jörg G, Stiegler, Christian, Stoll, Stefan, Svátek, Martin, Svoboda, Miroslav, Tagesson, Torbern, Tanentzap, Andrew J, Tanneberger, Franziska, Theurillat, Jean-Paul, Thomas, Haydn J D, Thomas, Andrew D, Tielbörger, Katja, Tomaselli, Marcello, Treier, Urs Albert, Trouillier, Mario, Turtureanu, Pavel Dan, Tutton, Rosamond, Tyystjärvi, Vilna A, Ueyama, Masahito, Ujházy, Karol, Ujházyová, Mariana, Uogintas, Domas, Urban, Anastasiya V, Urban, Josef, Urbaniak, Marek, Ursu, Tudor-Mihai, Vaccari, Francesco Primo, Van de Vondel, Stijn, van den Brink, Liesbeth, Van Geel, Maarten, Vandvik, Vigdis, Vangansbeke, Pieter, Varlagin, Andrej, Veen, G F, Veenendaal, Elmar, Venn, Susanna E, Verbeeck, Hans, Verbrugggen, Erik, Verheijen, Frank G A, Villar, Luis, Vitale, Luca, Vittoz, Pascal, Vives-Ingla, Maria, von Oppen, Jonathan, Walz, Josefine, Wang, Runxi, Wang, Yifeng, Way, Robert G, Wedegärtner, Ronja E M, Weigel, Robert, Wild, Jan, Wilkinson, Matthew, Wilmking, Martin, Wingate, Lisa, Winkler, Manuela, Wipf, Sonja, Wohlfahrt, Georg, Xenakis, Georgios, Yang, Yan, Yu, Zicheng, Yu, Kailiang, Zellweger, Florian, Zhang, Jian, Zhang, Zhaochen, Zhao, Peng, Ziemblińska, Klaudia, Zimmermann, Reiner, Zong, Shengwei, Zyryanov, Viacheslav I, Nijs, Ivan, and Lenoir, Jonathan

Abstract

Research in global change ecology relies heavily on global climatic grids derived from estimates of air temperature in open areas at around 2 m above the ground. These climatic grids do not reflect conditions below vegetation canopies and near the ground surface, where critical ecosystem functions occur and most terrestrial species reside. Here, we provide global maps of soil temperature and bioclimatic variables at a 1-km2 resolution for 0-5 and 5-15 cm soil depth. These maps were created by calculating the difference (i.e. offset) between in situ soil temperature measurements, based on time series from over 1200 1-km2 pixels (summarized from 8519 unique temperature sensors) across all the world's major terrestrial biomes, and coarse-grained air temperature estimates from ERA5-Land (an atmospheric reanalysis by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts). We show that mean annual soil temperature differs markedly from the corresponding gridded air temperature, by up to 10°C (mean = 3.0 ± 2.1°C), with substantial variation across biomes and seasons. Over the year, soils in cold and/or dry biomes are substantially warmer (+3.6 ± 2.3°C) than gridded air temperature, whereas soils in warm and humid environments are on average slightly cooler (-0.7 ± 2.3°C). The observed substantial and biome-specific offsets emphasize that the projected impacts of climate and climate change on near-surface biodiversity and ecosystem functioning are inaccurately assessed when air rather than soil temperature is used, especially in cold environments. The global soil-related bioclimatic variables provided here are an important step forward for any application in ecology and related disciplines. Nevertheless, we highlight the need to fill remaining geographic gaps by collecting more in situ measurements of microclimate conditions to further enhance the spatiotemporal resolution of global soil temperature products for ecological applications.

Published
2022

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