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1. Association of a Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Genetic Risk Score With Earlier Age at Diagnosis.

Author: Fan, Bao Jian, Fan, Bao Jian, Bailey, Jessica Cooke, Igo, Rob P, Kang, Jae H, Boumenna, Tahani, Brilliant, Murray H, Budenz, Donald L, Fingert, John H, Gaasterland, Terry, Gaasterland, Douglas, Hauser, Michael A, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul R, Liu, Yutao, Moroi, Syoko E, Myers, Jonathan S, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Realini, Anthony, Rhee, Douglas J, Richards, Julia E, Ritch, Robert, Schuman, Joel S, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Vollrath, Douglas, Weinreb, Robert N, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Haines, Jonathan L, Pasquale, Louis R, Wiggs, Janey L, Fan, Bao Jian, Fan, Bao Jian, Bailey, Jessica Cooke, Igo, Rob P, Kang, Jae H, Boumenna, Tahani, Brilliant, Murray H, Budenz, Donald L, Fingert, John H, Gaasterland, Terry, Gaasterland, Douglas, Hauser, Michael A, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul R, Liu, Yutao, Moroi, Syoko E, Myers, Jonathan S, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Realini, Anthony, Rhee, Douglas J, Richards, Julia E, Ritch, Robert, Schuman, Joel S, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Vollrath, Douglas, Weinreb, Robert N, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Haines, Jonathan L, Pasquale, Louis R, and Wiggs, Janey L
Abstract: ImportanceGenetic variants associated with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) are known to influence disease risk. However, the clinical effect of associated variants individually or in aggregate is not known. Genetic risk scores (GRS) examine the cumulative genetic load by combining individual genetic variants into a single measure, which is assumed to have a larger effect and increased power to detect relevant disease-related associations.ObjectiveTo investigate if a GRS that comprised 12 POAG genetic risk variants is associated with age at disease diagnosis.Design, setting, and participantsA cross-sectional study included individuals with POAG and controls from the Glaucoma Genes and Environment (GLAUGEN) study and the National Eye Institute Glaucoma Human Genetics Collaboration (NEIGHBOR) study. A GRS was formulated using 12 variants known to be associated with POAG, and the alleles associated with increasing risk of POAG were aligned in the case-control sets. In case-only analyses, the association of the GRS with age at diagnosis was analyzed as an estimate of disease onset. Results from cohort-specific analyses were combined with meta-analysis. Data collection started in August 2012 for the NEIGHBOR cohort and in July 2008 for the GLAUGEN cohort and were analyzed starting in March 2018.Main outcomes and measuresAssociation of a 12 single-nucleotide polymorphism POAG GRS with age at diagnosis in individuals with POAG using linear regression.ResultsThe GLAUGEN study included 976 individuals with POAG and 1140 controls. The NEIGHBOR study included 2132 individuals with POAG and 2290 controls. For individuals with POAG, the mean (SD) age at diagnosis was 63.6 (9.8) years in the GLAUGEN cohort and 66.0 (13.7) years in the NEIGHBOR cohort. For controls, the mean (SD) age at enrollment was 65.5 (9.2) years in the GLAUGEN cohort and 68.9 (11.4) years in the NEIGHBOR cohort. All study participants were European white. The GRS was strongly associated with POAG risk in c
Published: 2019

2. Abnormal mTORC1 signaling leads to retinal pigment epithelium degeneration.

Author: Huang, Jiancheng, Huang, Jiancheng, Gu, Shun, Chen, Meng, Zhang, Shu-Jie, Jiang, Zhichun, Chen, Xue, Jiang, Chao, Liu, Guohua, Radu, Roxana A, Sun, Xiantao, Vollrath, Douglas, Du, Jianhai, Yan, Biao, Zhao, Chen, Huang, Jiancheng, Huang, Jiancheng, Gu, Shun, Chen, Meng, Zhang, Shu-Jie, Jiang, Zhichun, Chen, Xue, Jiang, Chao, Liu, Guohua, Radu, Roxana A, Sun, Xiantao, Vollrath, Douglas, Du, Jianhai, Yan, Biao, and Zhao, Chen
Abstract: Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) degeneration is potentially involved in the pathogenesis of several retinal degenerative diseases. mTORC1 signaling is shown as a crucial regulator of many biological processes and disease progression. In this study, we aimed at investigating the role of mTORC1 signaling in RPE degeneration. Methods: Western blots were conducted to detect mTORC1 expression pattern during RPE degeneration. Cre-loxP system was used to generate RPE-specific mTORC1 activation mice. Fundus, immunofluorescence staining, transmission electron microscopy, and targeted metabolomic analysis were conducted to determine the effects of mTORC1 activation on RPE degeneration in vivo. Electroretinography, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, and histological experiments were conducted to determine the effects of mTORC1 activation on choroidal and retinal function in vivo. Results: RPE-specific activation of mTORC1 led to RPE degeneration as shown by the loss of RPE-specific marker, compromised cell junction integrity, and intracellular accumulation of lipid droplets. RPE degeneration further led to abnormal choroidal and retinal function. The inhibition of mTORC1 signaling with rapamycin could partially reverse RPE degeneration. Targeted metabolomics analysis further revealed that mTORC1 activation affected the metabolism of purine, carboxylic acid, and niacin in RPE. Conclusion: This study revealed that abnormal activation of mTORC1 signaling leads to RPE degeneration, which could provide a promising target for the treatment of RPE dysfunction-related diseases.
Published: 2019

3. Association of a Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Genetic Risk Score With Earlier Age at Diagnosis.

Author: Fan, Bao Jian, Fan, Bao Jian, Bailey, Jessica Cooke, Igo, Rob P, Kang, Jae H, Boumenna, Tahani, Brilliant, Murray H, Budenz, Donald L, Fingert, John H, Gaasterland, Terry, Gaasterland, Douglas, Hauser, Michael A, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul R, Liu, Yutao, Moroi, Syoko E, Myers, Jonathan S, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Realini, Anthony, Rhee, Douglas J, Richards, Julia E, Ritch, Robert, Schuman, Joel S, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Vollrath, Douglas, Weinreb, Robert N, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Haines, Jonathan L, Pasquale, Louis R, Wiggs, Janey L, Fan, Bao Jian, Fan, Bao Jian, Bailey, Jessica Cooke, Igo, Rob P, Kang, Jae H, Boumenna, Tahani, Brilliant, Murray H, Budenz, Donald L, Fingert, John H, Gaasterland, Terry, Gaasterland, Douglas, Hauser, Michael A, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul R, Liu, Yutao, Moroi, Syoko E, Myers, Jonathan S, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Realini, Anthony, Rhee, Douglas J, Richards, Julia E, Ritch, Robert, Schuman, Joel S, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Vollrath, Douglas, Weinreb, Robert N, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Haines, Jonathan L, Pasquale, Louis R, and Wiggs, Janey L
Abstract: ImportanceGenetic variants associated with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) are known to influence disease risk. However, the clinical effect of associated variants individually or in aggregate is not known. Genetic risk scores (GRS) examine the cumulative genetic load by combining individual genetic variants into a single measure, which is assumed to have a larger effect and increased power to detect relevant disease-related associations.ObjectiveTo investigate if a GRS that comprised 12 POAG genetic risk variants is associated with age at disease diagnosis.Design, setting, and participantsA cross-sectional study included individuals with POAG and controls from the Glaucoma Genes and Environment (GLAUGEN) study and the National Eye Institute Glaucoma Human Genetics Collaboration (NEIGHBOR) study. A GRS was formulated using 12 variants known to be associated with POAG, and the alleles associated with increasing risk of POAG were aligned in the case-control sets. In case-only analyses, the association of the GRS with age at diagnosis was analyzed as an estimate of disease onset. Results from cohort-specific analyses were combined with meta-analysis. Data collection started in August 2012 for the NEIGHBOR cohort and in July 2008 for the GLAUGEN cohort and were analyzed starting in March 2018.Main outcomes and measuresAssociation of a 12 single-nucleotide polymorphism POAG GRS with age at diagnosis in individuals with POAG using linear regression.ResultsThe GLAUGEN study included 976 individuals with POAG and 1140 controls. The NEIGHBOR study included 2132 individuals with POAG and 2290 controls. For individuals with POAG, the mean (SD) age at diagnosis was 63.6 (9.8) years in the GLAUGEN cohort and 66.0 (13.7) years in the NEIGHBOR cohort. For controls, the mean (SD) age at enrollment was 65.5 (9.2) years in the GLAUGEN cohort and 68.9 (11.4) years in the NEIGHBOR cohort. All study participants were European white. The GRS was strongly associated with POAG risk in c
Published: 2019

4. Abnormal mTORC1 signaling leads to retinal pigment epithelium degeneration.

Author: Huang, Jiancheng, Huang, Jiancheng, Gu, Shun, Chen, Meng, Zhang, Shu-Jie, Jiang, Zhichun, Chen, Xue, Jiang, Chao, Liu, Guohua, Radu, Roxana A, Sun, Xiantao, Vollrath, Douglas, Du, Jianhai, Yan, Biao, Zhao, Chen, Huang, Jiancheng, Huang, Jiancheng, Gu, Shun, Chen, Meng, Zhang, Shu-Jie, Jiang, Zhichun, Chen, Xue, Jiang, Chao, Liu, Guohua, Radu, Roxana A, Sun, Xiantao, Vollrath, Douglas, Du, Jianhai, Yan, Biao, and Zhao, Chen
Abstract: Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) degeneration is potentially involved in the pathogenesis of several retinal degenerative diseases. mTORC1 signaling is shown as a crucial regulator of many biological processes and disease progression. In this study, we aimed at investigating the role of mTORC1 signaling in RPE degeneration. Methods: Western blots were conducted to detect mTORC1 expression pattern during RPE degeneration. Cre-loxP system was used to generate RPE-specific mTORC1 activation mice. Fundus, immunofluorescence staining, transmission electron microscopy, and targeted metabolomic analysis were conducted to determine the effects of mTORC1 activation on RPE degeneration in vivo. Electroretinography, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, and histological experiments were conducted to determine the effects of mTORC1 activation on choroidal and retinal function in vivo. Results: RPE-specific activation of mTORC1 led to RPE degeneration as shown by the loss of RPE-specific marker, compromised cell junction integrity, and intracellular accumulation of lipid droplets. RPE degeneration further led to abnormal choroidal and retinal function. The inhibition of mTORC1 signaling with rapamycin could partially reverse RPE degeneration. Targeted metabolomics analysis further revealed that mTORC1 activation affected the metabolism of purine, carboxylic acid, and niacin in RPE. Conclusion: This study revealed that abnormal activation of mTORC1 signaling leads to RPE degeneration, which could provide a promising target for the treatment of RPE dysfunction-related diseases.
Published: 2019

5. Testosterone Pathway Genetic Polymorphisms in Relation to Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: An Analysis in Two Large Datasets.

Author: Bailey, Jessica N Cooke, Bailey, Jessica N Cooke, Gharahkhani, Puya, Kang, Jae H, Butkiewicz, Mariusz, Sullivan, David A, Weinreb, Robert N, Aschard, Hugues, Allingham, R Rand, Ashley-Koch, Allison, Lee, Richard K, Moroi, Sayoko E, Brilliant, Murray H, Wollstein, Gadi, Schuman, Joel S, Fingert, John H, Budenz, Donald L, Realini, Tony, Gaasterland, Terry, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Igo, Robert P, Song, Yeunjoo E, Hark, Lisa, Ritch, Robert, Rhee, Douglas J, Vollrath, Douglas, Zack, Donald J, Medeiros, Felipe, Vajaranant, Thasarat S, Chasman, Daniel I, Christen, William G, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Liu, Yutao, Kraft, Peter, Richards, Julia E, Rosner, Bernard A, Hauser, Michael A, Craig, Jamie E, Burdon, Kathryn P, Hewitt, Alex W, Mackey, David A, Haines, Jonathan L, MacGregor, Stuart, Wiggs, Janey L, Pasquale, Louis R, Australian and New Zealand Registry of Advanced Glaucoma (ANZRAG) Consortium, Bailey, Jessica N Cooke, Bailey, Jessica N Cooke, Gharahkhani, Puya, Kang, Jae H, Butkiewicz, Mariusz, Sullivan, David A, Weinreb, Robert N, Aschard, Hugues, Allingham, R Rand, Ashley-Koch, Allison, Lee, Richard K, Moroi, Sayoko E, Brilliant, Murray H, Wollstein, Gadi, Schuman, Joel S, Fingert, John H, Budenz, Donald L, Realini, Tony, Gaasterland, Terry, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Igo, Robert P, Song, Yeunjoo E, Hark, Lisa, Ritch, Robert, Rhee, Douglas J, Vollrath, Douglas, Zack, Donald J, Medeiros, Felipe, Vajaranant, Thasarat S, Chasman, Daniel I, Christen, William G, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Liu, Yutao, Kraft, Peter, Richards, Julia E, Rosner, Bernard A, Hauser, Michael A, Craig, Jamie E, Burdon, Kathryn P, Hewitt, Alex W, Mackey, David A, Haines, Jonathan L, MacGregor, Stuart, Wiggs, Janey L, Pasquale, Louis R, and Australian and New Zealand Registry of Advanced Glaucoma (ANZRAG) Consortium
Abstract: Purpose:Sex hormones may be associated with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), although the mechanisms are unclear. We previously observed that gene variants involved with estrogen metabolism were collectively associated with POAG in women but not men; here we assessed gene variants related to testosterone metabolism collectively and POAG risk. Methods:We used two datasets: one from the United States (3853 cases and 33,480 controls) and another from Australia (1155 cases and 1992 controls). Both datasets contained densely called genotypes imputed to the 1000 Genomes reference panel. We used pathway- and gene-based approaches with Pathway Analysis by Randomization Incorporating Structure (PARIS) software to assess the overall association between a panel of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in testosterone metabolism genes and POAG. In sex-stratified analyses, we evaluated POAG overall and POAG subtypes defined by maximum IOP (high-tension [HTG] or normal tension glaucoma [NTG]). Results:In the US dataset, the SNP panel was not associated with POAG (permuted P = 0.77), although there was an association in the Australian sample (permuted P = 0.018). In both datasets, the SNP panel was associated with POAG in men (permuted P ≤ 0.033) and not women (permuted P ≥ 0.42), but in gene-based analyses, there was no consistency on the main genes responsible for these findings. In both datasets, the testosterone pathway association with HTG was significant (permuted P ≤ 0.011), but again, gene-based analyses showed no consistent driver gene associations. Conclusions:Collectively, testosterone metabolism pathway SNPs were consistently associated with the high-tension subtype of POAG in two datasets.
Published: 2018

6. Testosterone Pathway Genetic Polymorphisms in Relation to Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: An Analysis in Two Large Datasets.

Author: Bailey, Jessica N Cooke, Bailey, Jessica N Cooke, Gharahkhani, Puya, Kang, Jae H, Butkiewicz, Mariusz, Sullivan, David A, Weinreb, Robert N, Aschard, Hugues, Allingham, R Rand, Ashley-Koch, Allison, Lee, Richard K, Moroi, Sayoko E, Brilliant, Murray H, Wollstein, Gadi, Schuman, Joel S, Fingert, John H, Budenz, Donald L, Realini, Tony, Gaasterland, Terry, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Igo, Robert P, Song, Yeunjoo E, Hark, Lisa, Ritch, Robert, Rhee, Douglas J, Vollrath, Douglas, Zack, Donald J, Medeiros, Felipe, Vajaranant, Thasarat S, Chasman, Daniel I, Christen, William G, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Liu, Yutao, Kraft, Peter, Richards, Julia E, Rosner, Bernard A, Hauser, Michael A, Craig, Jamie E, Burdon, Kathryn P, Hewitt, Alex W, Mackey, David A, Haines, Jonathan L, MacGregor, Stuart, Wiggs, Janey L, Pasquale, Louis R, Australian and New Zealand Registry of Advanced Glaucoma (ANZRAG) Consortium, Bailey, Jessica N Cooke, Bailey, Jessica N Cooke, Gharahkhani, Puya, Kang, Jae H, Butkiewicz, Mariusz, Sullivan, David A, Weinreb, Robert N, Aschard, Hugues, Allingham, R Rand, Ashley-Koch, Allison, Lee, Richard K, Moroi, Sayoko E, Brilliant, Murray H, Wollstein, Gadi, Schuman, Joel S, Fingert, John H, Budenz, Donald L, Realini, Tony, Gaasterland, Terry, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Igo, Robert P, Song, Yeunjoo E, Hark, Lisa, Ritch, Robert, Rhee, Douglas J, Vollrath, Douglas, Zack, Donald J, Medeiros, Felipe, Vajaranant, Thasarat S, Chasman, Daniel I, Christen, William G, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Liu, Yutao, Kraft, Peter, Richards, Julia E, Rosner, Bernard A, Hauser, Michael A, Craig, Jamie E, Burdon, Kathryn P, Hewitt, Alex W, Mackey, David A, Haines, Jonathan L, MacGregor, Stuart, Wiggs, Janey L, Pasquale, Louis R, and Australian and New Zealand Registry of Advanced Glaucoma (ANZRAG) Consortium
Abstract: Purpose:Sex hormones may be associated with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), although the mechanisms are unclear. We previously observed that gene variants involved with estrogen metabolism were collectively associated with POAG in women but not men; here we assessed gene variants related to testosterone metabolism collectively and POAG risk. Methods:We used two datasets: one from the United States (3853 cases and 33,480 controls) and another from Australia (1155 cases and 1992 controls). Both datasets contained densely called genotypes imputed to the 1000 Genomes reference panel. We used pathway- and gene-based approaches with Pathway Analysis by Randomization Incorporating Structure (PARIS) software to assess the overall association between a panel of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in testosterone metabolism genes and POAG. In sex-stratified analyses, we evaluated POAG overall and POAG subtypes defined by maximum IOP (high-tension [HTG] or normal tension glaucoma [NTG]). Results:In the US dataset, the SNP panel was not associated with POAG (permuted P = 0.77), although there was an association in the Australian sample (permuted P = 0.018). In both datasets, the SNP panel was associated with POAG in men (permuted P ≤ 0.033) and not women (permuted P ≥ 0.42), but in gene-based analyses, there was no consistency on the main genes responsible for these findings. In both datasets, the testosterone pathway association with HTG was significant (permuted P ≤ 0.011), but again, gene-based analyses showed no consistent driver gene associations. Conclusions:Collectively, testosterone metabolism pathway SNPs were consistently associated with the high-tension subtype of POAG in two datasets.
Published: 2018

7. Tyro3 Modulates Mertk-Associated Retinal Degeneration.

Author: Vollrath, Douglas, Vollrath, Douglas, Yasumura, Douglas, Benchorin, Gillie, Matthes, Michael T, Feng, Wei, Nguyen, Natalie M, Sedano, Cecilia D, Calton, Melissa A, LaVail, Matthew M, Vollrath, Douglas, Vollrath, Douglas, Yasumura, Douglas, Benchorin, Gillie, Matthes, Michael T, Feng, Wei, Nguyen, Natalie M, Sedano, Cecilia D, Calton, Melissa A, and LaVail, Matthew M
Abstract: Inherited photoreceptor degenerations (IPDs) are the most genetically heterogeneous of Mendelian diseases. Many IPDs exhibit substantial phenotypic variability, but the basis is usually unknown. Mutations in MERTK cause recessive IPD phenotypes associated with the RP38 locus. We have identified a murine genetic modifier of Mertk-associated photoreceptor degeneration, the C57BL/6 (B6) allele of which acts as a suppressor. Photoreceptors degenerate rapidly in Mertk-deficient animals homozygous for the 129P2/Ola (129) modifier allele, whereas animals heterozygous for B6 and 129 modifier alleles exhibit an unusual intermixing of degenerating and preserved retinal regions, with females more severely affected than males. Mertk-deficient mice homozygous for the B6 modifier allele display degeneration only in the far periphery, even at 8 months of age, and have improved retinal function compared to animals homozygous for the 129 allele. We genetically mapped the modifier to an approximately 2-megabase critical interval that includes Tyro3, a paralog of Mertk. Tyro3 expression in the outer retina varies with modifier genotype in a manner characteristic of a cis-acting expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL), with the B6 allele conferring an approximately three-fold higher expression level. Loss of Tyro3 function accelerates the pace of photoreceptor degeneration in Mertk knockout mice, and TYRO3 protein is more abundant in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) adjacent to preserved central retinal regions of Mertk knockout mice homozygous for the B6 modifier allele. Endogenous human TYRO3 protein co-localizes with nascent photoreceptor outer segment (POS) phagosomes in a primary RPE cell culture assay, and expression of murine Tyro3 in cultured cells stimulates phagocytic ingestion of POS. Our findings demonstrate that Tyro3 gene dosage modulates Mertk-associated retinal degeneration, provide strong evidence for a direct role for TYRO3 in RPE phagocytosis, and suggest that
Published: 2015

8. Tyro3 Modulates Mertk-Associated Retinal Degeneration.

Author: Vollrath, Douglas, Hamilton, Bruce A1, Vollrath, Douglas, Yasumura, Douglas, Benchorin, Gillie, Matthes, Michael T, Feng, Wei, Nguyen, Natalie M, Sedano, Cecilia D, Calton, Melissa A, LaVail, Matthew M, Vollrath, Douglas, Hamilton, Bruce A1, Vollrath, Douglas, Yasumura, Douglas, Benchorin, Gillie, Matthes, Michael T, Feng, Wei, Nguyen, Natalie M, Sedano, Cecilia D, Calton, Melissa A, and LaVail, Matthew M
Abstract: Inherited photoreceptor degenerations (IPDs) are the most genetically heterogeneous of Mendelian diseases. Many IPDs exhibit substantial phenotypic variability, but the basis is usually unknown. Mutations in MERTK cause recessive IPD phenotypes associated with the RP38 locus. We have identified a murine genetic modifier of Mertk-associated photoreceptor degeneration, the C57BL/6 (B6) allele of which acts as a suppressor. Photoreceptors degenerate rapidly in Mertk-deficient animals homozygous for the 129P2/Ola (129) modifier allele, whereas animals heterozygous for B6 and 129 modifier alleles exhibit an unusual intermixing of degenerating and preserved retinal regions, with females more severely affected than males. Mertk-deficient mice homozygous for the B6 modifier allele display degeneration only in the far periphery, even at 8 months of age, and have improved retinal function compared to animals homozygous for the 129 allele. We genetically mapped the modifier to an approximately 2-megabase critical interval that includes Tyro3, a paralog of Mertk. Tyro3 expression in the outer retina varies with modifier genotype in a manner characteristic of a cis-acting expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL), with the B6 allele conferring an approximately three-fold higher expression level. Loss of Tyro3 function accelerates the pace of photoreceptor degeneration in Mertk knockout mice, and TYRO3 protein is more abundant in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) adjacent to preserved central retinal regions of Mertk knockout mice homozygous for the B6 modifier allele. Endogenous human TYRO3 protein co-localizes with nascent photoreceptor outer segment (POS) phagosomes in a primary RPE cell culture assay, and expression of murine Tyro3 in cultured cells stimulates phagocytic ingestion of POS. Our findings demonstrate that Tyro3 gene dosage modulates Mertk-associated retinal degeneration, provide strong evidence for a direct role for TYRO3 in RPE phagocytosis, and suggest that
Published: 2015

9. Age at natural menopause genetic risk score in relation to age at natural menopause and primary open-angle glaucoma in a US-based sample.

Author: Pasquale, Louis R, Pasquale, Louis R, Aschard, Hugues, Kang, Jae H, Bailey, Jessica N Cooke, Lindström, Sara, Chasman, Daniel I, Christen, William G, Allingham, R Rand, Ashley-Koch, Allison, Lee, Richard K, Moroi, Sayoko E, Brilliant, Murray H, Wollstein, Gadi, Schuman, Joel S, Fingert, John, Budenz, Donald L, Realini, Tony, Gaasterland, Terry, Gaasterland, Douglas, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Igo, Robert P, Song, Yeunjoo E, Hark, Lisa, Ritch, Robert, Rhee, Douglas J, Gulati, Vikas, Havens, Shane, Vollrath, Douglas, Zack, Donald J, Medeiros, Felipe, Weinreb, Robert N, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Liu, Yutao, Kraft, Peter, Richards, Julia E, Rosner, Bernard A, Hauser, Michael A, Haines, Jonathan L, Wiggs, Janey L, Pasquale, Louis R, Pasquale, Louis R, Aschard, Hugues, Kang, Jae H, Bailey, Jessica N Cooke, Lindström, Sara, Chasman, Daniel I, Christen, William G, Allingham, R Rand, Ashley-Koch, Allison, Lee, Richard K, Moroi, Sayoko E, Brilliant, Murray H, Wollstein, Gadi, Schuman, Joel S, Fingert, John, Budenz, Donald L, Realini, Tony, Gaasterland, Terry, Gaasterland, Douglas, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Igo, Robert P, Song, Yeunjoo E, Hark, Lisa, Ritch, Robert, Rhee, Douglas J, Gulati, Vikas, Havens, Shane, Vollrath, Douglas, Zack, Donald J, Medeiros, Felipe, Weinreb, Robert N, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Liu, Yutao, Kraft, Peter, Richards, Julia E, Rosner, Bernard A, Hauser, Michael A, Haines, Jonathan L, and Wiggs, Janey L
Abstract: ObjectiveSeveral attributes of female reproductive history, including age at natural menopause (ANM), have been related to primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). We assembled 18 previously reported common genetic variants that predict ANM to determine their association with ANM or POAG.MethodsUsing data from the Nurses' Health Study (7,143 women), we validated the ANM weighted genetic risk score in relation to self-reported ANM. Subsequently, to assess the relation with POAG, we used data from 2,160 female POAG cases and 29,110 controls in the National Eye Institute Glaucoma Human Genetics Collaboration Heritable Overall Operational Database (NEIGHBORHOOD), which consists of 8 datasets with imputed genotypes to 5.6+ million markers. Associations with POAG were assessed in each dataset, and site-specific results were meta-analyzed using the inverse weighted variance method.ResultsThe genetic risk score was associated with self-reported ANM (P = 2.2 × 10) and predicted 4.8% of the variance in ANM. The ANM genetic risk score was not associated with POAG (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.002; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.998, 1.007; P = 0.28). No single genetic variant in the panel achieved nominal association with POAG (P ≥0.20). Compared to the middle 80 percent, there was also no association with the lowest 10 percentile or highest 90 percentile of genetic risk score with POAG (OR = 0.75; 95% CI: 0.47, 1.21; P = 0.23 and OR = 1.10; 95% CI: 0.72, 1.69; P = 0.65, respectively).ConclusionsA genetic risk score predicting 4.8% of ANM variation was not related to POAG; thus, genetic determinants of ANM are unlikely to explain the previously reported association between the two phenotypes.
Published: 2017

10. Genetic correlations between intraocular pressure, blood pressure and primary open-angle glaucoma: a multi-cohort analysis.

Author: Aschard, Hugues, Aschard, Hugues, Kang, Jae H, Iglesias, Adriana I, Hysi, Pirro, Cooke Bailey, Jessica N, Khawaja, Anthony P, Allingham, R Rand, Ashley-Koch, Allison, Lee, Richard K, Moroi, Sayoko E, Brilliant, Murray H, Wollstein, Gadi, Schuman, Joel S, Fingert, John H, Budenz, Donald L, Realini, Tony, Gaasterland, Terry, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Igo, Robert P, Song, Yeunjoo E, Hark, Lisa, Ritch, Robert, Rhee, Douglas J, Gulati, Vikas, Haven, Shane, Vollrath, Douglas, Zack, Donald J, Medeiros, Felipe, Weinreb, Robert N, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Chasman, Daniel I, Christen, William G, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Liu, Yutao, Kraft, Peter, Richards, Julia E, Rosner, Bernard A, Hauser, Michael A, International Glaucoma Genetics Consortium, Klaver, Caroline CW, vanDuijn, Cornelia M, Haines, Jonathan, Wiggs, Janey L, Pasquale, Louis R, Aschard, Hugues, Aschard, Hugues, Kang, Jae H, Iglesias, Adriana I, Hysi, Pirro, Cooke Bailey, Jessica N, Khawaja, Anthony P, Allingham, R Rand, Ashley-Koch, Allison, Lee, Richard K, Moroi, Sayoko E, Brilliant, Murray H, Wollstein, Gadi, Schuman, Joel S, Fingert, John H, Budenz, Donald L, Realini, Tony, Gaasterland, Terry, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Igo, Robert P, Song, Yeunjoo E, Hark, Lisa, Ritch, Robert, Rhee, Douglas J, Gulati, Vikas, Haven, Shane, Vollrath, Douglas, Zack, Donald J, Medeiros, Felipe, Weinreb, Robert N, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Chasman, Daniel I, Christen, William G, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Liu, Yutao, Kraft, Peter, Richards, Julia E, Rosner, Bernard A, Hauser, Michael A, International Glaucoma Genetics Consortium, Klaver, Caroline CW, vanDuijn, Cornelia M, Haines, Jonathan, Wiggs, Janey L, and Pasquale, Louis R
Abstract: Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the most common chronic optic neuropathy worldwide. Epidemiological studies show a robust positive relation between intraocular pressure (IOP) and POAG and modest positive association between IOP and blood pressure (BP), while the relation between BP and POAG is controversial. The International Glaucoma Genetics Consortium (n=27 558), the International Consortium on Blood Pressure (n=69 395), and the National Eye Institute Glaucoma Human Genetics Collaboration Heritable Overall Operational Database (n=37 333), represent genome-wide data sets for IOP, BP traits and POAG, respectively. We formed genome-wide significant variant panels for IOP and diastolic BP and found a strong relation with POAG (odds ratio and 95% confidence interval: 1.18 (1.14-1.21), P=1.8 × 10-27) for the former trait but no association for the latter (P=0.93). Next, we used linkage disequilibrium (LD) score regression, to provide genome-wide estimates of correlation between traits without the need for additional phenotyping. We also compared our genome-wide estimate of heritability between IOP and BP to an estimate based solely on direct measures of these traits in the Erasmus Rucphen Family (ERF; n=2519) study using Sequential Oligogenic Linkage Analysis Routines (SOLAR). LD score regression revealed high genetic correlation between IOP and POAG (48.5%, P=2.1 × 10-5); however, genetic correlation between IOP and diastolic BP (P=0.86) and between diastolic BP and POAG (P=0.42) were negligible. Using SOLAR in the ERF study, we confirmed the minimal heritability between IOP and diastolic BP (P=0.63). Overall, IOP shares genetic basis with POAG, whereas BP has limited shared genetic correlation with IOP or POAG.
Published: 2017

11. Age at natural menopause genetic risk score in relation to age at natural menopause and primary open-angle glaucoma in a US-based sample.

Author: Pasquale, Louis R, Pasquale, Louis R, Aschard, Hugues, Kang, Jae H, Bailey, Jessica N Cooke, Lindström, Sara, Chasman, Daniel I, Christen, William G, Allingham, R Rand, Ashley-Koch, Allison, Lee, Richard K, Moroi, Sayoko E, Brilliant, Murray H, Wollstein, Gadi, Schuman, Joel S, Fingert, John, Budenz, Donald L, Realini, Tony, Gaasterland, Terry, Gaasterland, Douglas, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Igo, Robert P, Song, Yeunjoo E, Hark, Lisa, Ritch, Robert, Rhee, Douglas J, Gulati, Vikas, Havens, Shane, Vollrath, Douglas, Zack, Donald J, Medeiros, Felipe, Weinreb, Robert N, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Liu, Yutao, Kraft, Peter, Richards, Julia E, Rosner, Bernard A, Hauser, Michael A, Haines, Jonathan L, Wiggs, Janey L, Pasquale, Louis R, Pasquale, Louis R, Aschard, Hugues, Kang, Jae H, Bailey, Jessica N Cooke, Lindström, Sara, Chasman, Daniel I, Christen, William G, Allingham, R Rand, Ashley-Koch, Allison, Lee, Richard K, Moroi, Sayoko E, Brilliant, Murray H, Wollstein, Gadi, Schuman, Joel S, Fingert, John, Budenz, Donald L, Realini, Tony, Gaasterland, Terry, Gaasterland, Douglas, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Igo, Robert P, Song, Yeunjoo E, Hark, Lisa, Ritch, Robert, Rhee, Douglas J, Gulati, Vikas, Havens, Shane, Vollrath, Douglas, Zack, Donald J, Medeiros, Felipe, Weinreb, Robert N, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Liu, Yutao, Kraft, Peter, Richards, Julia E, Rosner, Bernard A, Hauser, Michael A, Haines, Jonathan L, and Wiggs, Janey L
Abstract: ObjectiveSeveral attributes of female reproductive history, including age at natural menopause (ANM), have been related to primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). We assembled 18 previously reported common genetic variants that predict ANM to determine their association with ANM or POAG.MethodsUsing data from the Nurses' Health Study (7,143 women), we validated the ANM weighted genetic risk score in relation to self-reported ANM. Subsequently, to assess the relation with POAG, we used data from 2,160 female POAG cases and 29,110 controls in the National Eye Institute Glaucoma Human Genetics Collaboration Heritable Overall Operational Database (NEIGHBORHOOD), which consists of 8 datasets with imputed genotypes to 5.6+ million markers. Associations with POAG were assessed in each dataset, and site-specific results were meta-analyzed using the inverse weighted variance method.ResultsThe genetic risk score was associated with self-reported ANM (P = 2.2 × 10) and predicted 4.8% of the variance in ANM. The ANM genetic risk score was not associated with POAG (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.002; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.998, 1.007; P = 0.28). No single genetic variant in the panel achieved nominal association with POAG (P ≥0.20). Compared to the middle 80 percent, there was also no association with the lowest 10 percentile or highest 90 percentile of genetic risk score with POAG (OR = 0.75; 95% CI: 0.47, 1.21; P = 0.23 and OR = 1.10; 95% CI: 0.72, 1.69; P = 0.65, respectively).ConclusionsA genetic risk score predicting 4.8% of ANM variation was not related to POAG; thus, genetic determinants of ANM are unlikely to explain the previously reported association between the two phenotypes.
Published: 2017

12. Genetic correlations between intraocular pressure, blood pressure and primary open-angle glaucoma: a multi-cohort analysis.

Author: Aschard, Hugues, Aschard, Hugues, Kang, Jae H, Iglesias, Adriana I, Hysi, Pirro, Cooke Bailey, Jessica N, Khawaja, Anthony P, Allingham, R Rand, Ashley-Koch, Allison, Lee, Richard K, Moroi, Sayoko E, Brilliant, Murray H, Wollstein, Gadi, Schuman, Joel S, Fingert, John H, Budenz, Donald L, Realini, Tony, Gaasterland, Terry, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Igo, Robert P, Song, Yeunjoo E, Hark, Lisa, Ritch, Robert, Rhee, Douglas J, Gulati, Vikas, Haven, Shane, Vollrath, Douglas, Zack, Donald J, Medeiros, Felipe, Weinreb, Robert N, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Chasman, Daniel I, Christen, William G, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Liu, Yutao, Kraft, Peter, Richards, Julia E, Rosner, Bernard A, Hauser, Michael A, International Glaucoma Genetics Consortium, Klaver, Caroline CW, vanDuijn, Cornelia M, Haines, Jonathan, Wiggs, Janey L, Pasquale, Louis R, Aschard, Hugues, Aschard, Hugues, Kang, Jae H, Iglesias, Adriana I, Hysi, Pirro, Cooke Bailey, Jessica N, Khawaja, Anthony P, Allingham, R Rand, Ashley-Koch, Allison, Lee, Richard K, Moroi, Sayoko E, Brilliant, Murray H, Wollstein, Gadi, Schuman, Joel S, Fingert, John H, Budenz, Donald L, Realini, Tony, Gaasterland, Terry, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Igo, Robert P, Song, Yeunjoo E, Hark, Lisa, Ritch, Robert, Rhee, Douglas J, Gulati, Vikas, Haven, Shane, Vollrath, Douglas, Zack, Donald J, Medeiros, Felipe, Weinreb, Robert N, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Chasman, Daniel I, Christen, William G, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Liu, Yutao, Kraft, Peter, Richards, Julia E, Rosner, Bernard A, Hauser, Michael A, International Glaucoma Genetics Consortium, Klaver, Caroline CW, vanDuijn, Cornelia M, Haines, Jonathan, Wiggs, Janey L, and Pasquale, Louis R
Abstract: Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the most common chronic optic neuropathy worldwide. Epidemiological studies show a robust positive relation between intraocular pressure (IOP) and POAG and modest positive association between IOP and blood pressure (BP), while the relation between BP and POAG is controversial. The International Glaucoma Genetics Consortium (n=27 558), the International Consortium on Blood Pressure (n=69 395), and the National Eye Institute Glaucoma Human Genetics Collaboration Heritable Overall Operational Database (n=37 333), represent genome-wide data sets for IOP, BP traits and POAG, respectively. We formed genome-wide significant variant panels for IOP and diastolic BP and found a strong relation with POAG (odds ratio and 95% confidence interval: 1.18 (1.14-1.21), P=1.8 × 10-27) for the former trait but no association for the latter (P=0.93). Next, we used linkage disequilibrium (LD) score regression, to provide genome-wide estimates of correlation between traits without the need for additional phenotyping. We also compared our genome-wide estimate of heritability between IOP and BP to an estimate based solely on direct measures of these traits in the Erasmus Rucphen Family (ERF; n=2519) study using Sequential Oligogenic Linkage Analysis Routines (SOLAR). LD score regression revealed high genetic correlation between IOP and POAG (48.5%, P=2.1 × 10-5); however, genetic correlation between IOP and diastolic BP (P=0.86) and between diastolic BP and POAG (P=0.42) were negligible. Using SOLAR in the ERF study, we confirmed the minimal heritability between IOP and diastolic BP (P=0.63). Overall, IOP shares genetic basis with POAG, whereas BP has limited shared genetic correlation with IOP or POAG.
Published: 2017

13. Genetic correlations between intraocular pressure, blood pressure and primary open-angle glaucoma: a multi-cohort analysis

Author: Aschard, Hugues, Aschard, Hugues, Kang, Jae H, Iglesias, Adriana I, Hysi, Pirro, Cooke Bailey, Jessica N, Khawaja, Anthony P, Allingham, R Rand, Ashley-Koch, Allison, Lee, Richard K, Moroi, Sayoko E, Brilliant, Murray H, Wollstein, Gadi, Schuman, Joel S, Fingert, John H, Budenz, Donald L, Realini, Tony, Gaasterland, Terry, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Igo Jr, Robert P, Song, Yeunjoo E, Hark, Lisa, Ritch, Robert, Rhee, Douglas J, Gulati, Vikas, Haven, Shane, Vollrath, Douglas, Zack, Donald J, Medeiros, Felipe, Weinreb, Robert N, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Chasman, Daniel I, Christen, William G, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Liu, Yutao, Kraft, Peter, Richards, Julia E, Rosner, Bernard A, Hauser, Michael A, Klaver, Caroline CW, vanDuijn, Cornelia M, Haines, Jonathan, Wiggs, Janey L, Pasquale, Louis R, Aschard, Hugues, Aschard, Hugues, Kang, Jae H, Iglesias, Adriana I, Hysi, Pirro, Cooke Bailey, Jessica N, Khawaja, Anthony P, Allingham, R Rand, Ashley-Koch, Allison, Lee, Richard K, Moroi, Sayoko E, Brilliant, Murray H, Wollstein, Gadi, Schuman, Joel S, Fingert, John H, Budenz, Donald L, Realini, Tony, Gaasterland, Terry, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Igo Jr, Robert P, Song, Yeunjoo E, Hark, Lisa, Ritch, Robert, Rhee, Douglas J, Gulati, Vikas, Haven, Shane, Vollrath, Douglas, Zack, Donald J, Medeiros, Felipe, Weinreb, Robert N, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Chasman, Daniel I, Christen, William G, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Liu, Yutao, Kraft, Peter, Richards, Julia E, Rosner, Bernard A, Hauser, Michael A, Klaver, Caroline CW, vanDuijn, Cornelia M, Haines, Jonathan, Wiggs, Janey L, and Pasquale, Louis R
Abstract: Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the most common chronic optic neuropathy worldwide. Epidemiological studies show a robust positive relation between intraocular pressure (IOP) and POAG and modest positive association between IOP and blood pressure (BP), while the relation between BP and POAG is controversial. The International Glaucoma Genetics Consortium (n=27 558), the International Consortium on Blood Pressure (n=69 395), and the National Eye Institute Glaucoma Human Genetics Collaboration Heritable Overall Operational Database (n=37 333), represent genome-wide data sets for IOP, BP traits and POAG, respectively. We formed genome-wide significant variant panels for IOP and diastolic BP and found a strong relation with POAG (odds ratio and 95% confidence interval: 1.18 (1.14-1.21), P=1.8 × 10-27) for the former trait but no association for the latter (P=0.93). Next, we used linkage disequilibrium (LD) score regression, to provide genome-wide estimates of correlation between traits without the need for additional phenotyping. We also compared our genome-wide estimate of heritability between IOP and BP to an estimate based solely on direct measures of these traits in the Erasmus Rucphen Family (ERF; n=2519) study using Sequential Oligogenic Linkage Analysis Routines (SOLAR). LD score regression revealed high genetic correlation between IOP and POAG (48.5%, P=2.1 × 10-5); however, genetic correlation between IOP and diastolic BP (P=0.86) and between diastolic BP and POAG (P=0.42) were negligible. Using SOLAR in the ERF study, we confirmed the minimal heritability between IOP and diastolic BP (P=0.63). Overall, IOP shares genetic basis with POAG, whereas BP has limited shared genetic correlation with IOP or POAG.
Published: 2017

14. Systems genetics identifies a role for Cacna2d1 regulation in elevated intraocular pressure and glaucoma susceptibility

Author: Chintalapudi, Sumana R., Maria, Doaa, Di Wang, Xiang, Bailey, Jessica N.Cooke, Allingham, Rand, Brilliant, Murray, Budenz, Don, Fingert, John, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Teresa, Haines, Jonathan L., Hark, Lisa, Hauser, Michael, Igo, Rob, Hee Kang, Jae, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard, Lichter, Paul, Liu, Yutao, Moroi, Syoko, Pasquale, Louis R., Pericak-Vance, Margaret, Realini, Anthony, Rhee, Doug, Richards, Julia R., Ritch, Robert, Schuman, Joel, Scott, William K., Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur, Vollrath, Douglas, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Don, Aung, Tin, Bonnemaijer, Peter, Cheng, Cheng Yu, Craig, Jamie, Van Duijn, Cornelia, Gharahkhani, Puya, Iglesias Gonzalez, Adriana, Hammond, Christopher J., Hewitt, Alex, Hoehn, Rene, Jonansson, Fridbert, Khawaja, Anthony, Chuen Khor, Chiea, Klaver, Caroline C.W., Lotery, Andrew, MacKey, David, MacGregor, Stuart, Chintalapudi, Sumana R., Maria, Doaa, Di Wang, Xiang, Bailey, Jessica N.Cooke, Allingham, Rand, Brilliant, Murray, Budenz, Don, Fingert, John, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Teresa, Haines, Jonathan L., Hark, Lisa, Hauser, Michael, Igo, Rob, Hee Kang, Jae, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard, Lichter, Paul, Liu, Yutao, Moroi, Syoko, Pasquale, Louis R., Pericak-Vance, Margaret, Realini, Anthony, Rhee, Doug, Richards, Julia R., Ritch, Robert, Schuman, Joel, Scott, William K., Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur, Vollrath, Douglas, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Don, Aung, Tin, Bonnemaijer, Peter, Cheng, Cheng Yu, Craig, Jamie, Van Duijn, Cornelia, Gharahkhani, Puya, Iglesias Gonzalez, Adriana, Hammond, Christopher J., Hewitt, Alex, Hoehn, Rene, Jonansson, Fridbert, Khawaja, Anthony, Chuen Khor, Chiea, Klaver, Caroline C.W., Lotery, Andrew, MacKey, David, and MacGregor, Stuart
Abstract: Glaucoma is a multi-factorial blinding disease in which genetic factors play an important role. Elevated intraocular pressure is a highly heritable risk factor for primary open angle glaucoma and currently the only target for glaucoma therapy. Our study helps to better understand underlying genetic and molecular mechanisms that regulate intraocular pressure, and identifies a new candidate gene, Cacna2d1, that modulates intraocular pressure and a promising therapeutic, pregabalin, which binds to CACNA2D1 protein and lowers intraocular pressure significantly. Because our study utilizes a genetically diverse population of mice with known sequence variants, we are able to determine that the intraocular pressure-lowering effect of pregabalin is dependent on the Cacna2d1 haplotype. Using human genome-wide association study (GWAS) data, evidence for association of a CACNA2D1 single-nucleotide polymorphism and primary open angle glaucoma is found. Importantly, these results demonstrate that our systems genetics approach represents an efficient method to identify genetic variation that can guide the selection of therapeutic targets.
Published: 2017

15. Erratum.

Author: Liu, Yutao, Liu, Yutao, Bailey, Jessica Cooke, Helwa, Inas, Dismuke, W Michael, Cai, Jingwen, Drewry, Michelle, Brilliant, Murray H, Budenz, Donald L, Christen, William G, Chasman, Daniel I, Fingert, John H, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Gordon, Mae O, Igo, Robert P, Kang, Jae H, Kass, Michael A, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul, Moroi, Sayoko E, Realini, Anthony, Richards, Julia E, Ritch, Robert, Schuman, Joel S, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Song, Yeunjoo E, Vollrath, Douglas, Weinreb, Robert, Medeiros, Felipe, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Zhang, Kang, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Gonzalez, Pedro, Stamer, W Daniel, Kuchtey, John, Kuchtey, Rachel W, Allingham, R Rand, Hauser, Michael A, Pasquale, Louis R, Haines, Jonathan L, Wiggs, Janey L, Liu, Yutao, Liu, Yutao, Bailey, Jessica Cooke, Helwa, Inas, Dismuke, W Michael, Cai, Jingwen, Drewry, Michelle, Brilliant, Murray H, Budenz, Donald L, Christen, William G, Chasman, Daniel I, Fingert, John H, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Gordon, Mae O, Igo, Robert P, Kang, Jae H, Kass, Michael A, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul, Moroi, Sayoko E, Realini, Anthony, Richards, Julia E, Ritch, Robert, Schuman, Joel S, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Song, Yeunjoo E, Vollrath, Douglas, Weinreb, Robert, Medeiros, Felipe, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Zhang, Kang, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Gonzalez, Pedro, Stamer, W Daniel, Kuchtey, John, Kuchtey, Rachel W, Allingham, R Rand, Hauser, Michael A, Pasquale, Louis R, Haines, Jonathan L, and Wiggs, Janey L
Published: 2016

16. Genome-wide association analysis identifies TXNRD2, ATXN2 and FOXC1 as susceptibility loci for primary open-angle glaucoma.

Author: Bailey, Jessica N Cooke, Bailey, Jessica N Cooke, Loomis, Stephanie J, Kang, Jae H, Allingham, R Rand, Gharahkhani, Puya, Khor, Chiea Chuen, Burdon, Kathryn P, Aschard, Hugues, Chasman, Daniel I, Igo, Robert P, Hysi, Pirro G, Glastonbury, Craig A, Ashley-Koch, Allison, Brilliant, Murray, Brown, Andrew A, Budenz, Donald L, Buil, Alfonso, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Choi, Hyon, Christen, William G, Curhan, Gary, De Vivo, Immaculata, Fingert, John H, Foster, Paul J, Fuchs, Charles, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Hewitt, Alex W, Hu, Frank, Hunter, David J, Khawaja, Anthony P, Lee, Richard K, Li, Zheng, Lichter, Paul R, Mackey, David A, McGuffin, Peter, Mitchell, Paul, Moroi, Sayoko E, Perera, Shamira A, Pepper, Keating W, Qi, Qibin, Realini, Tony, Richards, Julia E, Ridker, Paul M, Rimm, Eric, Ritch, Robert, Ritchie, Marylyn, Schuman, Joel S, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Song, Yeunjoo E, Tamimi, Rulla M, Topouzis, Fotis, Viswanathan, Ananth C, Verma, Shefali Setia, Vollrath, Douglas, Wang, Jie Jin, Weisschuh, Nicole, Wissinger, Bernd, Wollstein, Gadi, Wong, Tien Y, Yaspan, Brian L, Zack, Donald J, Zhang, Kang, Study, Epic-Norfolk Eye, ANZRAG Consortium, Weinreb, Robert N, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Small, Kerrin, Hammond, Christopher J, Aung, Tin, Liu, Yutao, Vithana, Eranga N, MacGregor, Stuart, Craig, Jamie E, Kraft, Peter, Howell, Gareth, Hauser, Michael A, Pasquale, Louis R, Haines, Jonathan L, Wiggs, Janey L, Bailey, Jessica N Cooke, Bailey, Jessica N Cooke, Loomis, Stephanie J, Kang, Jae H, Allingham, R Rand, Gharahkhani, Puya, Khor, Chiea Chuen, Burdon, Kathryn P, Aschard, Hugues, Chasman, Daniel I, Igo, Robert P, Hysi, Pirro G, Glastonbury, Craig A, Ashley-Koch, Allison, Brilliant, Murray, Brown, Andrew A, Budenz, Donald L, Buil, Alfonso, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Choi, Hyon, Christen, William G, Curhan, Gary, De Vivo, Immaculata, Fingert, John H, Foster, Paul J, Fuchs, Charles, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Hewitt, Alex W, Hu, Frank, Hunter, David J, Khawaja, Anthony P, Lee, Richard K, Li, Zheng, Lichter, Paul R, Mackey, David A, McGuffin, Peter, Mitchell, Paul, Moroi, Sayoko E, Perera, Shamira A, Pepper, Keating W, Qi, Qibin, Realini, Tony, Richards, Julia E, Ridker, Paul M, Rimm, Eric, Ritch, Robert, Ritchie, Marylyn, Schuman, Joel S, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Song, Yeunjoo E, Tamimi, Rulla M, Topouzis, Fotis, Viswanathan, Ananth C, Verma, Shefali Setia, Vollrath, Douglas, Wang, Jie Jin, Weisschuh, Nicole, Wissinger, Bernd, Wollstein, Gadi, Wong, Tien Y, Yaspan, Brian L, Zack, Donald J, Zhang, Kang, Study, Epic-Norfolk Eye, ANZRAG Consortium, Weinreb, Robert N, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Small, Kerrin, Hammond, Christopher J, Aung, Tin, Liu, Yutao, Vithana, Eranga N, MacGregor, Stuart, Craig, Jamie E, Kraft, Peter, Howell, Gareth, Hauser, Michael A, Pasquale, Louis R, Haines, Jonathan L, and Wiggs, Janey L
Abstract: Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. To identify new susceptibility loci, we performed meta-analysis on genome-wide association study (GWAS) results from eight independent studies from the United States (3,853 cases and 33,480 controls) and investigated the most significantly associated SNPs in two Australian studies (1,252 cases and 2,592 controls), three European studies (875 cases and 4,107 controls) and a Singaporean Chinese study (1,037 cases and 2,543 controls). A meta-analysis of the top SNPs identified three new associated loci: rs35934224[T] in TXNRD2 (odds ratio (OR) = 0.78, P = 4.05 × 10(-11)) encoding a mitochondrial protein required for redox homeostasis; rs7137828[T] in ATXN2 (OR = 1.17, P = 8.73 × 10(-10)); and rs2745572[A] upstream of FOXC1 (OR = 1.17, P = 1.76 × 10(-10)). Using RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, we show TXNRD2 and ATXN2 expression in retinal ganglion cells and the optic nerve head. These results identify new pathways underlying POAG susceptibility and suggest new targets for preventative therapies.
Published: 2016

17. A Common Variant in MIR182 Is Associated With Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma in the NEIGHBORHOOD Consortium.

Author: Liu, Yutao, Liu, Yutao, Bailey, Jessica Cooke, Helwa, Inas, Dismuke, W Michael, Cai, Jingwen, Drewry, Michelle, Brilliant, Murray H, Budenz, Donald L, Christen, William G, Chasman, Daniel I, Fingert, John H, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Gordon, Mae O, Igo, Robert P, Kang, Jae H, Kass, Michael A, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul, Moroi, Sayoko E, Realini, Anthony, Richards, Julia E, Ritch, Robert, Schuman, Joel S, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Song, Yeunjoo E, Vollrath, Douglas, Weinreb, Robert, Medeiros, Felipe, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Zhang, Kang, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Gonzalez, Pedro, Stamer, W Daniel, Kuchtey, John, Kuchtey, Rachel W, Allingham, R Rand, Hauser, Michael A, Pasquale, Louis R, Haines, Jonathan L, Wiggs, Janey L, Liu, Yutao, Liu, Yutao, Bailey, Jessica Cooke, Helwa, Inas, Dismuke, W Michael, Cai, Jingwen, Drewry, Michelle, Brilliant, Murray H, Budenz, Donald L, Christen, William G, Chasman, Daniel I, Fingert, John H, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Gordon, Mae O, Igo, Robert P, Kang, Jae H, Kass, Michael A, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul, Moroi, Sayoko E, Realini, Anthony, Richards, Julia E, Ritch, Robert, Schuman, Joel S, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Song, Yeunjoo E, Vollrath, Douglas, Weinreb, Robert, Medeiros, Felipe, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Zhang, Kang, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Gonzalez, Pedro, Stamer, W Daniel, Kuchtey, John, Kuchtey, Rachel W, Allingham, R Rand, Hauser, Michael A, Pasquale, Louis R, Haines, Jonathan L, and Wiggs, Janey L
Abstract: PurposeNoncoding microRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. We aimed to identify common variants in miRNA coding genes (MIR) associated with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).MethodsUsing the NEIGHBORHOOD data set (3853 cases/33,480 controls with European ancestry), we first assessed the relation between 85 variants in 76 MIR genes and overall POAG. Subtype-specific analyses were performed in high-tension glaucoma (HTG) and normal-tension glaucoma subsets. Second, we examined the expression of miR-182, which was associated with POAG, in postmortem human ocular tissues (ciliary body, cornea, retina, and trabecular meshwork [TM]), using miRNA sequencing (miRNA-Seq) and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). Third, miR-182 expression was also examined in human aqueous humor (AH) by using miRNA-Seq. Fourth, exosomes secreted from primary human TM cells were examined for miR-182 expression by using miRNA-Seq. Fifth, using ddPCR we compared miR-182 expression in AH between five HTG cases and five controls.ResultsOnly rs76481776 in MIR182 gene was associated with POAG after adjustment for multiple comparisons (odds ratio [OR] = 1.23, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.11-1.42, P = 0.0002). Subtype analysis indicated that the association was primarily in the HTG subset (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.08-1.47, P = 0.004). The risk allele T has been associated with elevated miR-182 expression in vitro. Data from ddPCR and miRNA-Seq confirmed miR-182 expression in all examined ocular tissues and TM-derived exosomes. Interestingly, miR-182 expression in AH was 2-fold higher in HTG patients than nonglaucoma controls (P = 0.03) without controlling for medication treatment.ConclusionsOur integrative study is the first to associate rs76481776 with POAG via elevated miR-182 expression.
Published: 2016

18. Assessing the Association of Mitochondrial Genetic Variation With Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Using Gene-Set Analyses.

Author: Khawaja, Anthony P, Khawaja, Anthony P, Cooke Bailey, Jessica N, Kang, Jae Hee, Allingham, R Rand, Hauser, Michael A, Brilliant, Murray, Budenz, Donald L, Christen, William G, Fingert, John, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul R, Liu, Yutao, Medeiros, Felipe, Moroi, Syoko E, Richards, Julia E, Realini, Tony, Ritch, Robert, Schuman, Joel S, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Vollrath, Douglas, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Zhang, Kang, Pericak-Vance, Margaret, Weinreb, Robert N, Haines, Jonathan L, Pasquale, Louis R, Wiggs, Janey L, Khawaja, Anthony P, Khawaja, Anthony P, Cooke Bailey, Jessica N, Kang, Jae Hee, Allingham, R Rand, Hauser, Michael A, Brilliant, Murray, Budenz, Donald L, Christen, William G, Fingert, John, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul R, Liu, Yutao, Medeiros, Felipe, Moroi, Syoko E, Richards, Julia E, Realini, Tony, Ritch, Robert, Schuman, Joel S, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Vollrath, Douglas, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Zhang, Kang, Pericak-Vance, Margaret, Weinreb, Robert N, Haines, Jonathan L, Pasquale, Louis R, and Wiggs, Janey L
Abstract: PurposeRecent studies indicate that mitochondrial proteins may contribute to the pathogenesis of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). In this study, we examined the association between POAG and common variations in gene-encoding mitochondrial proteins.MethodsWe examined genetic data from 3430 POAG cases and 3108 controls derived from the combination of the GLAUGEN and NEIGHBOR studies. We constructed biological-system coherent mitochondrial nuclear-encoded protein gene-sets by intersecting the MitoCarta database with the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database. We examined the mitochondrial gene-sets for association with POAG and with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) and high-tension glaucoma (HTG) subsets using Pathway Analysis by Randomization Incorporating Structure.ResultsWe identified 22 KEGG pathways with significant mitochondrial protein-encoding gene enrichment, belonging to six general biological classes. Among the pathway classes, mitochondrial lipid metabolism was associated with POAG overall (P = 0.013) and with NTG (P = 0.0006), and mitochondrial carbohydrate metabolism was associated with NTG (P = 0.030). Examining the individual KEGG pathway mitochondrial gene-sets, fatty acid elongation and synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, both lipid metabolism pathways, were significantly associated with POAG (P = 0.005 and P = 0.002, respectively) and NTG (P = 0.0004 and P < 0.0001, respectively). Butanoate metabolism, a carbohydrate metabolism pathway, was significantly associated with POAG (P = 0.004), NTG (P = 0.001), and HTG (P = 0.010).ConclusionsWe present an effective approach for assessing the contributions of mitochondrial genetic variation to open-angle glaucoma. Our findings support a role for mitochondria in POAG pathogenesis and specifically point to lipid and carbohydrate metabolism pathways as being important.
Published: 2016

19. Genome-wide association analysis identifies TXNRD2, ATXN2 and FOXC1 as susceptibility loci for primary open-angle glaucoma.

Author: Bailey, Jessica N Cooke, Bailey, Jessica N Cooke, Loomis, Stephanie J, Kang, Jae H, Allingham, R Rand, Gharahkhani, Puya, Khor, Chiea Chuen, Burdon, Kathryn P, Aschard, Hugues, Chasman, Daniel I, Igo, Robert P, Hysi, Pirro G, Glastonbury, Craig A, Ashley-Koch, Allison, Brilliant, Murray, Brown, Andrew A, Budenz, Donald L, Buil, Alfonso, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Choi, Hyon, Christen, William G, Curhan, Gary, De Vivo, Immaculata, Fingert, John H, Foster, Paul J, Fuchs, Charles, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Hewitt, Alex W, Hu, Frank, Hunter, David J, Khawaja, Anthony P, Lee, Richard K, Li, Zheng, Lichter, Paul R, Mackey, David A, McGuffin, Peter, Mitchell, Paul, Moroi, Sayoko E, Perera, Shamira A, Pepper, Keating W, Qi, Qibin, Realini, Tony, Richards, Julia E, Ridker, Paul M, Rimm, Eric, Ritch, Robert, Ritchie, Marylyn, Schuman, Joel S, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Song, Yeunjoo E, Tamimi, Rulla M, Topouzis, Fotis, Viswanathan, Ananth C, Verma, Shefali Setia, Vollrath, Douglas, Wang, Jie Jin, Weisschuh, Nicole, Wissinger, Bernd, Wollstein, Gadi, Wong, Tien Y, Yaspan, Brian L, Zack, Donald J, Zhang, Kang, Study, Epic-Norfolk Eye, ANZRAG Consortium, Weinreb, Robert N, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Small, Kerrin, Hammond, Christopher J, Aung, Tin, Liu, Yutao, Vithana, Eranga N, MacGregor, Stuart, Craig, Jamie E, Kraft, Peter, Howell, Gareth, Hauser, Michael A, Pasquale, Louis R, Haines, Jonathan L, Wiggs, Janey L, Bailey, Jessica N Cooke, Bailey, Jessica N Cooke, Loomis, Stephanie J, Kang, Jae H, Allingham, R Rand, Gharahkhani, Puya, Khor, Chiea Chuen, Burdon, Kathryn P, Aschard, Hugues, Chasman, Daniel I, Igo, Robert P, Hysi, Pirro G, Glastonbury, Craig A, Ashley-Koch, Allison, Brilliant, Murray, Brown, Andrew A, Budenz, Donald L, Buil, Alfonso, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Choi, Hyon, Christen, William G, Curhan, Gary, De Vivo, Immaculata, Fingert, John H, Foster, Paul J, Fuchs, Charles, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Hewitt, Alex W, Hu, Frank, Hunter, David J, Khawaja, Anthony P, Lee, Richard K, Li, Zheng, Lichter, Paul R, Mackey, David A, McGuffin, Peter, Mitchell, Paul, Moroi, Sayoko E, Perera, Shamira A, Pepper, Keating W, Qi, Qibin, Realini, Tony, Richards, Julia E, Ridker, Paul M, Rimm, Eric, Ritch, Robert, Ritchie, Marylyn, Schuman, Joel S, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Song, Yeunjoo E, Tamimi, Rulla M, Topouzis, Fotis, Viswanathan, Ananth C, Verma, Shefali Setia, Vollrath, Douglas, Wang, Jie Jin, Weisschuh, Nicole, Wissinger, Bernd, Wollstein, Gadi, Wong, Tien Y, Yaspan, Brian L, Zack, Donald J, Zhang, Kang, Study, Epic-Norfolk Eye, ANZRAG Consortium, Weinreb, Robert N, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Small, Kerrin, Hammond, Christopher J, Aung, Tin, Liu, Yutao, Vithana, Eranga N, MacGregor, Stuart, Craig, Jamie E, Kraft, Peter, Howell, Gareth, Hauser, Michael A, Pasquale, Louis R, Haines, Jonathan L, and Wiggs, Janey L
Abstract: Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. To identify new susceptibility loci, we performed meta-analysis on genome-wide association study (GWAS) results from eight independent studies from the United States (3,853 cases and 33,480 controls) and investigated the most significantly associated SNPs in two Australian studies (1,252 cases and 2,592 controls), three European studies (875 cases and 4,107 controls) and a Singaporean Chinese study (1,037 cases and 2,543 controls). A meta-analysis of the top SNPs identified three new associated loci: rs35934224[T] in TXNRD2 (odds ratio (OR) = 0.78, P = 4.05 × 10(-11)) encoding a mitochondrial protein required for redox homeostasis; rs7137828[T] in ATXN2 (OR = 1.17, P = 8.73 × 10(-10)); and rs2745572[A] upstream of FOXC1 (OR = 1.17, P = 1.76 × 10(-10)). Using RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, we show TXNRD2 and ATXN2 expression in retinal ganglion cells and the optic nerve head. These results identify new pathways underlying POAG susceptibility and suggest new targets for preventative therapies.
Published: 2016

20. Assessing the Association of Mitochondrial Genetic Variation With Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Using Gene-Set Analyses.

Author: Khawaja, Anthony P, Khawaja, Anthony P, Cooke Bailey, Jessica N, Kang, Jae Hee, Allingham, R Rand, Hauser, Michael A, Brilliant, Murray, Budenz, Donald L, Christen, William G, Fingert, John, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul R, Liu, Yutao, Medeiros, Felipe, Moroi, Syoko E, Richards, Julia E, Realini, Tony, Ritch, Robert, Schuman, Joel S, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Vollrath, Douglas, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Zhang, Kang, Pericak-Vance, Margaret, Weinreb, Robert N, Haines, Jonathan L, Pasquale, Louis R, Wiggs, Janey L, Khawaja, Anthony P, Khawaja, Anthony P, Cooke Bailey, Jessica N, Kang, Jae Hee, Allingham, R Rand, Hauser, Michael A, Brilliant, Murray, Budenz, Donald L, Christen, William G, Fingert, John, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul R, Liu, Yutao, Medeiros, Felipe, Moroi, Syoko E, Richards, Julia E, Realini, Tony, Ritch, Robert, Schuman, Joel S, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Vollrath, Douglas, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Zhang, Kang, Pericak-Vance, Margaret, Weinreb, Robert N, Haines, Jonathan L, Pasquale, Louis R, and Wiggs, Janey L
Abstract: PurposeRecent studies indicate that mitochondrial proteins may contribute to the pathogenesis of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). In this study, we examined the association between POAG and common variations in gene-encoding mitochondrial proteins.MethodsWe examined genetic data from 3430 POAG cases and 3108 controls derived from the combination of the GLAUGEN and NEIGHBOR studies. We constructed biological-system coherent mitochondrial nuclear-encoded protein gene-sets by intersecting the MitoCarta database with the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database. We examined the mitochondrial gene-sets for association with POAG and with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) and high-tension glaucoma (HTG) subsets using Pathway Analysis by Randomization Incorporating Structure.ResultsWe identified 22 KEGG pathways with significant mitochondrial protein-encoding gene enrichment, belonging to six general biological classes. Among the pathway classes, mitochondrial lipid metabolism was associated with POAG overall (P = 0.013) and with NTG (P = 0.0006), and mitochondrial carbohydrate metabolism was associated with NTG (P = 0.030). Examining the individual KEGG pathway mitochondrial gene-sets, fatty acid elongation and synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, both lipid metabolism pathways, were significantly associated with POAG (P = 0.005 and P = 0.002, respectively) and NTG (P = 0.0004 and P < 0.0001, respectively). Butanoate metabolism, a carbohydrate metabolism pathway, was significantly associated with POAG (P = 0.004), NTG (P = 0.001), and HTG (P = 0.010).ConclusionsWe present an effective approach for assessing the contributions of mitochondrial genetic variation to open-angle glaucoma. Our findings support a role for mitochondria in POAG pathogenesis and specifically point to lipid and carbohydrate metabolism pathways as being important.
Published: 2016

21. Erratum.

Author: Liu, Yutao, Liu, Yutao, Bailey, Jessica Cooke, Helwa, Inas, Dismuke, W Michael, Cai, Jingwen, Drewry, Michelle, Brilliant, Murray H, Budenz, Donald L, Christen, William G, Chasman, Daniel I, Fingert, John H, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Gordon, Mae O, Igo, Robert P, Kang, Jae H, Kass, Michael A, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul, Moroi, Sayoko E, Realini, Anthony, Richards, Julia E, Ritch, Robert, Schuman, Joel S, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Song, Yeunjoo E, Vollrath, Douglas, Weinreb, Robert, Medeiros, Felipe, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Zhang, Kang, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Gonzalez, Pedro, Stamer, W Daniel, Kuchtey, John, Kuchtey, Rachel W, Allingham, R Rand, Hauser, Michael A, Pasquale, Louis R, Haines, Jonathan L, Wiggs, Janey L, Liu, Yutao, Liu, Yutao, Bailey, Jessica Cooke, Helwa, Inas, Dismuke, W Michael, Cai, Jingwen, Drewry, Michelle, Brilliant, Murray H, Budenz, Donald L, Christen, William G, Chasman, Daniel I, Fingert, John H, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Gordon, Mae O, Igo, Robert P, Kang, Jae H, Kass, Michael A, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul, Moroi, Sayoko E, Realini, Anthony, Richards, Julia E, Ritch, Robert, Schuman, Joel S, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Song, Yeunjoo E, Vollrath, Douglas, Weinreb, Robert, Medeiros, Felipe, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Zhang, Kang, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Gonzalez, Pedro, Stamer, W Daniel, Kuchtey, John, Kuchtey, Rachel W, Allingham, R Rand, Hauser, Michael A, Pasquale, Louis R, Haines, Jonathan L, and Wiggs, Janey L
Published: 2016

22. Gene Therapy for MERTK-Associated Retinal Degenerations.

Author: LaVail, Matthew M, LaVail, Matthew M, Yasumura, Douglas, Matthes, Michael T, Yang, Haidong, Hauswirth, William W, Deng, Wen-Tao, Vollrath, Douglas, LaVail, Matthew M, LaVail, Matthew M, Yasumura, Douglas, Matthes, Michael T, Yang, Haidong, Hauswirth, William W, Deng, Wen-Tao, and Vollrath, Douglas
Abstract: MERTK-associated retinal degenerations are thought to have defects in phagocytosis of shed outer segment membranes by the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), as do the rodent models of these diseases. We have subretinally injected an RPE-specific AAV2 vector, AAV2-VMD2-hMERTK, to determine whether this would provide long-term photoreceptor rescue in the RCS rat, which it did for up to 6.5 months, the longest time point examined. Moreover, we found phagosomes in the RPE in the rescued regions of RCS retinas soon after the onset of light. The same vector also had a major protective effect in Mertk-null mice, with a concomitant increase in ERG response amplitudes in the vector-injected eyes. These findings suggest that planned clinical trials with this vector will have a favorable outcome.
Published: 2016

23. A Common Variant in MIR182 Is Associated With Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma in the NEIGHBORHOOD Consortium.

Author: Liu, Yutao, Liu, Yutao, Bailey, Jessica Cooke, Helwa, Inas, Dismuke, W Michael, Cai, Jingwen, Drewry, Michelle, Brilliant, Murray H, Budenz, Donald L, Christen, William G, Chasman, Daniel I, Fingert, John H, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Gordon, Mae O, Igo, Robert P, Kang, Jae H, Kass, Michael A, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul, Moroi, Sayoko E, Realini, Anthony, Richards, Julia E, Ritch, Robert, Schuman, Joel S, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Song, Yeunjoo E, Vollrath, Douglas, Weinreb, Robert, Medeiros, Felipe, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Zhang, Kang, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Gonzalez, Pedro, Stamer, W Daniel, Kuchtey, John, Kuchtey, Rachel W, Allingham, R Rand, Hauser, Michael A, Pasquale, Louis R, Haines, Jonathan L, Wiggs, Janey L, Liu, Yutao, Liu, Yutao, Bailey, Jessica Cooke, Helwa, Inas, Dismuke, W Michael, Cai, Jingwen, Drewry, Michelle, Brilliant, Murray H, Budenz, Donald L, Christen, William G, Chasman, Daniel I, Fingert, John H, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Gordon, Mae O, Igo, Robert P, Kang, Jae H, Kass, Michael A, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul, Moroi, Sayoko E, Realini, Anthony, Richards, Julia E, Ritch, Robert, Schuman, Joel S, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Song, Yeunjoo E, Vollrath, Douglas, Weinreb, Robert, Medeiros, Felipe, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Zhang, Kang, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Gonzalez, Pedro, Stamer, W Daniel, Kuchtey, John, Kuchtey, Rachel W, Allingham, R Rand, Hauser, Michael A, Pasquale, Louis R, Haines, Jonathan L, and Wiggs, Janey L
Abstract: PurposeNoncoding microRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. We aimed to identify common variants in miRNA coding genes (MIR) associated with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).MethodsUsing the NEIGHBORHOOD data set (3853 cases/33,480 controls with European ancestry), we first assessed the relation between 85 variants in 76 MIR genes and overall POAG. Subtype-specific analyses were performed in high-tension glaucoma (HTG) and normal-tension glaucoma subsets. Second, we examined the expression of miR-182, which was associated with POAG, in postmortem human ocular tissues (ciliary body, cornea, retina, and trabecular meshwork [TM]), using miRNA sequencing (miRNA-Seq) and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). Third, miR-182 expression was also examined in human aqueous humor (AH) by using miRNA-Seq. Fourth, exosomes secreted from primary human TM cells were examined for miR-182 expression by using miRNA-Seq. Fifth, using ddPCR we compared miR-182 expression in AH between five HTG cases and five controls.ResultsOnly rs76481776 in MIR182 gene was associated with POAG after adjustment for multiple comparisons (odds ratio [OR] = 1.23, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.11-1.42, P = 0.0002). Subtype analysis indicated that the association was primarily in the HTG subset (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.08-1.47, P = 0.004). The risk allele T has been associated with elevated miR-182 expression in vitro. Data from ddPCR and miRNA-Seq confirmed miR-182 expression in all examined ocular tissues and TM-derived exosomes. Interestingly, miR-182 expression in AH was 2-fold higher in HTG patients than nonglaucoma controls (P = 0.03) without controlling for medication treatment.ConclusionsOur integrative study is the first to associate rs76481776 with POAG via elevated miR-182 expression.
Published: 2016

24. Association of CAV1/CAV2 genomic variants with primary open-angle glaucoma overall and by gender and pattern of visual field loss.

Author: Loomis, Stephanie J, Loomis, Stephanie J, Kang, Jae H, Weinreb, Robert N, Yaspan, Brian L, Cooke Bailey, Jessica N, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul R, Budenz, Donald L, Liu, Yutao, Realini, Tony, Friedman, David S, McCarty, Catherine A, Moroi, Sayoko E, Olson, Lana, Schuman, Joel S, Singh, Kuldev, Vollrath, Douglas, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Brilliant, Murray, Sit, Arthur J, Christen, William G, Fingert, John, Kraft, Peter, Zhang, Kang, Allingham, R Rand, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Richards, Julia E, Hauser, Michael A, Haines, Jonathan L, Pasquale, Louis R, Wiggs, Janey L, Loomis, Stephanie J, Loomis, Stephanie J, Kang, Jae H, Weinreb, Robert N, Yaspan, Brian L, Cooke Bailey, Jessica N, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul R, Budenz, Donald L, Liu, Yutao, Realini, Tony, Friedman, David S, McCarty, Catherine A, Moroi, Sayoko E, Olson, Lana, Schuman, Joel S, Singh, Kuldev, Vollrath, Douglas, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Brilliant, Murray, Sit, Arthur J, Christen, William G, Fingert, John, Kraft, Peter, Zhang, Kang, Allingham, R Rand, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Richards, Julia E, Hauser, Michael A, Haines, Jonathan L, Pasquale, Louis R, and Wiggs, Janey L
Abstract: PurposeThe CAV1/CAV2 (caveolin 1 and caveolin 2) genomic region previously was associated with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), although replication among independent studies has been variable. The aim of this study was to assess the association between CAV1/CAV2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and POAG in a large case-control dataset and to explore associations by gender and pattern of visual field (VF) loss further.DesignCase-control study.ParticipantsWe analyzed 2 large POAG data sets: the Glaucoma Genes and Environment (GLAUGEN) study (976 cases, 1140 controls) and the National Eye Institute Glaucoma Human Genetics Collaboration (NEIGHBOR) consortium (2132 cases, 2290 controls).MethodsWe studied the association between 70 SNPs located within the CAV1/CAV2 genomic region in the GLAUGEN and NEIGHBOR studies, both genotyped on the Illumina Human 660WQuadv1C BeadChip array and imputed with the Markov Chain Haplotyping algorithm using the HapMap 3 reference panel. We used logistic regression models of POAG in the overall population and separated by gender, as well as by POAG subtypes defined by type of VF defect (peripheral or paracentral). Results from GLAUGEN and NEIGHBOR were meta-analyzed, and a Bonferroni-corrected significance level of 7.7 × 10(-4) was used to account for multiple comparisons.Main outcome measuresOverall POAG, overall POAG by gender, and POAG subtypes defined by pattern of early VF loss.ResultsWe found significant associations between 10 CAV1/CAV2 SNPs and POAG (top SNP, rs4236601; pooled P = 2.61 × 10(-7)). Of these, 9 were significant only in women (top SNP, rs4236601; pooled P = 1.59 × 10(-5)). Five of the 10 CAV1/CAV2 SNPs were associated with POAG with early paracentral VF (top SNP, rs17588172; pooled P = 1.07 × 10(-4)), and none of the 10 were associated with POAG with peripheral VF loss only or POAG among men.ConclusionsCAV1/CAV2 SNPs were associated significantly with POAG overall, particularly among women. Furthermore, we fou
Published: 2014

25. Association of CAV1/CAV2 genomic variants with primary open-angle glaucoma overall and by gender and pattern of visual field loss.

Author: Loomis, Stephanie J, Loomis, Stephanie J, Kang, Jae H, Weinreb, Robert N, Yaspan, Brian L, Cooke Bailey, Jessica N, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul R, Budenz, Donald L, Liu, Yutao, Realini, Tony, Friedman, David S, McCarty, Catherine A, Moroi, Sayoko E, Olson, Lana, Schuman, Joel S, Singh, Kuldev, Vollrath, Douglas, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Brilliant, Murray, Sit, Arthur J, Christen, William G, Fingert, John, Kraft, Peter, Zhang, Kang, Allingham, R Rand, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Richards, Julia E, Hauser, Michael A, Haines, Jonathan L, Pasquale, Louis R, Wiggs, Janey L, Loomis, Stephanie J, Loomis, Stephanie J, Kang, Jae H, Weinreb, Robert N, Yaspan, Brian L, Cooke Bailey, Jessica N, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul R, Budenz, Donald L, Liu, Yutao, Realini, Tony, Friedman, David S, McCarty, Catherine A, Moroi, Sayoko E, Olson, Lana, Schuman, Joel S, Singh, Kuldev, Vollrath, Douglas, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Brilliant, Murray, Sit, Arthur J, Christen, William G, Fingert, John, Kraft, Peter, Zhang, Kang, Allingham, R Rand, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Richards, Julia E, Hauser, Michael A, Haines, Jonathan L, Pasquale, Louis R, and Wiggs, Janey L
Abstract: PurposeThe CAV1/CAV2 (caveolin 1 and caveolin 2) genomic region previously was associated with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), although replication among independent studies has been variable. The aim of this study was to assess the association between CAV1/CAV2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and POAG in a large case-control dataset and to explore associations by gender and pattern of visual field (VF) loss further.DesignCase-control study.ParticipantsWe analyzed 2 large POAG data sets: the Glaucoma Genes and Environment (GLAUGEN) study (976 cases, 1140 controls) and the National Eye Institute Glaucoma Human Genetics Collaboration (NEIGHBOR) consortium (2132 cases, 2290 controls).MethodsWe studied the association between 70 SNPs located within the CAV1/CAV2 genomic region in the GLAUGEN and NEIGHBOR studies, both genotyped on the Illumina Human 660WQuadv1C BeadChip array and imputed with the Markov Chain Haplotyping algorithm using the HapMap 3 reference panel. We used logistic regression models of POAG in the overall population and separated by gender, as well as by POAG subtypes defined by type of VF defect (peripheral or paracentral). Results from GLAUGEN and NEIGHBOR were meta-analyzed, and a Bonferroni-corrected significance level of 7.7 × 10(-4) was used to account for multiple comparisons.Main outcome measuresOverall POAG, overall POAG by gender, and POAG subtypes defined by pattern of early VF loss.ResultsWe found significant associations between 10 CAV1/CAV2 SNPs and POAG (top SNP, rs4236601; pooled P = 2.61 × 10(-7)). Of these, 9 were significant only in women (top SNP, rs4236601; pooled P = 1.59 × 10(-5)). Five of the 10 CAV1/CAV2 SNPs were associated with POAG with early paracentral VF (top SNP, rs17588172; pooled P = 1.07 × 10(-4)), and none of the 10 were associated with POAG with peripheral VF loss only or POAG among men.ConclusionsCAV1/CAV2 SNPs were associated significantly with POAG overall, particularly among women. Furthermore, we fou
Published: 2014

26. Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies novel loci that influence cupping and the glaucomatous process

Author: Springelkamp, Henriët., Höhn, René, Mishra, Aniket, Hysi, Pirro G., Khor, Chiea-Chuen, Loomis, Stephanie J., Bailey, Jessica N. Cooke, Gibson, Jane, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Janssen, Sarah F., Luo, Xiaoyan, Ramdas, Wishal D., Vithana, Eranga, Nongpiur, Monisha E., Montgomery, Grant W., Xu, Liang, Mountain, Jenny E., Gharahkhani, Puya, Lu, Yi, Amin, Najaf, Karssen, Lennart C., Sim, Kar-Seng, van Leeuwen, Elisabeth M., Iglesias, Adriana I., Verhoeven, Virginie J. M., Hauser, Michael A., Loon, Seng-Chee, Despriet, Dominiek D. G., Nag, Abhishek, Venturini, Cristina, Sanfilippo, Paul G., Schillert, Arne, Kang, Jae H., Landers, John, Jonasson, Fridbert, Cree, Angela J., van Koolwijk, Leonieke M. E., Rivadeneira, Fernando, Souzeau, Emmanuelle, Jonsson, Vesteinn, Menon, Geeta, Mitchell, Paul, Wang, Jie Jin, Rochtchina, Elena, Attia, John, Scott, Rodney, Holliday, Elizabeth G., Wong, Tien-Yin, Baird, Paul N., Xie, Jing, Inouye, Michael, Viswanathan, Ananth, Sim, Xueling, Weinreb, Robert N., de Jong, Paulus T. V. M., Oostra, Ben A., Uitterlinden, André G., Hofman, Albert, Ennis, Sarah, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Burdon, Kathryn P., Allingham, R. Rand, Brilliant, Murray H., Budenz, Donald L., Cooke Bailey, Jessica N., Christen, William G., Fingert, John, Friedman, David S., Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Haines, Jonathan L., Kang, Jae Hee, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard K., Lichter, Paul R., Liu, Yutao, Moroi, Sayoko E., Pasquale, Louis R., Pericak-Vance, Margaret A., Realini, Anthony, Richards, Julia E., Schuman, Joel S., Scott, William K., Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J., Vollrath, Douglas, Wiggs, Janey L., Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J., Zhang, Kang, Donnelly (Chair), Peter, Barroso (Deputy Chair), Ines, Blackwell, Jenefer M., Bramon, Elvira, Brown, Matthew A., Casas, Juan P., Corvin, Aiden, Deloukas, Panos, Duncanson, Audrey, Jankowski, Janusz, Markus, Hugh S., Mathew, Christopher G., Palmer, Colin N. A., Plomin, Robert, Rautanen, Anna, Sawcer, Stephen J., Trembath, Richard C., Viswanathan, Ananth C., Wood, Nicholas W., Spencer, Chris C. A., Band, Gavin, Bellenguez, Céline, Freeman, Colin, Hellenthal, Garrett, Giannoulatou, Eleni, Pirinen, Matti, Pearson, Richard, Strange, Amy, Su, Zhan, Vukcevic, Damjan, Donnelly, Peter, Langford, Cordelia, Hunt, Sarah E., Edkins, Sarah, Gwilliam, Rhian, Blackburn, Hannah, Bumpstead, Suzannah J., Dronov, Serge, Gillman, Matthew, Gray, Emma, Hammond, Naomi, Jayakumar, Alagurevathi, McCann, Owen T., Liddle, Jennifer, Potter, Simon C., Ravindrarajah, Radhi, Ricketts, Michelle, Waller, Matthew, Weston, Paul, Widaa, Sara, Whittaker, Pamela, Barroso, Ines, Mathew (Chair), Christopher G., Spector, Timothy D., Mirshahi, Alireza, Saw, Seang-Mei, Vingerling, Johannes R., Teo, Yik-Ying, Wolfs, Roger C. W., Lemij, Hans G., Tai, E-Shyong, Jansonius, Nomdo M., Jonas, Jost B., Cheng, Ching-Yu, Aung, Tin, Klaver, Caroline C. W., Craig, Jamie E., Macgregor, Stuart, Mackey, David A., Lotery, Andrew J., Stefansson, Kari, Bergen, Arthur A. B., Young, Terri L., Pfeiffer, Norbert, Hewitt, Alex W., van Duijn, Cornelia M., Hammond, Christopher J., Springelkamp, Henriët., Höhn, René, Mishra, Aniket, Hysi, Pirro G., Khor, Chiea-Chuen, Loomis, Stephanie J., Bailey, Jessica N. Cooke, Gibson, Jane, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Janssen, Sarah F., Luo, Xiaoyan, Ramdas, Wishal D., Vithana, Eranga, Nongpiur, Monisha E., Montgomery, Grant W., Xu, Liang, Mountain, Jenny E., Gharahkhani, Puya, Lu, Yi, Amin, Najaf, Karssen, Lennart C., Sim, Kar-Seng, van Leeuwen, Elisabeth M., Iglesias, Adriana I., Verhoeven, Virginie J. M., Hauser, Michael A., Loon, Seng-Chee, Despriet, Dominiek D. G., Nag, Abhishek, Venturini, Cristina, Sanfilippo, Paul G., Schillert, Arne, Kang, Jae H., Landers, John, Jonasson, Fridbert, Cree, Angela J., van Koolwijk, Leonieke M. E., Rivadeneira, Fernando, Souzeau, Emmanuelle, Jonsson, Vesteinn, Menon, Geeta, Mitchell, Paul, Wang, Jie Jin, Rochtchina, Elena, Attia, John, Scott, Rodney, Holliday, Elizabeth G., Wong, Tien-Yin, Baird, Paul N., Xie, Jing, Inouye, Michael, Viswanathan, Ananth, Sim, Xueling, Weinreb, Robert N., de Jong, Paulus T. V. M., Oostra, Ben A., Uitterlinden, André G., Hofman, Albert, Ennis, Sarah, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Burdon, Kathryn P., Allingham, R. Rand, Brilliant, Murray H., Budenz, Donald L., Cooke Bailey, Jessica N., Christen, William G., Fingert, John, Friedman, David S., Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Haines, Jonathan L., Kang, Jae Hee, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard K., Lichter, Paul R., Liu, Yutao, Moroi, Sayoko E., Pasquale, Louis R., Pericak-Vance, Margaret A., Realini, Anthony, Richards, Julia E., Schuman, Joel S., Scott, William K., Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J., Vollrath, Douglas, Wiggs, Janey L., Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J., Zhang, Kang, Donnelly (Chair), Peter, Barroso (Deputy Chair), Ines, Blackwell, Jenefer M., Bramon, Elvira, Brown, Matthew A., Casas, Juan P., Corvin, Aiden, Deloukas, Panos, Duncanson, Audrey, Jankowski, Janusz, Markus, Hugh S., Mathew, Christopher G., Palmer, Colin N. A., Plomin, Robert, Rautanen, Anna, Sawcer, Stephen J., Trembath, Richard C., Viswanathan, Ananth C., Wood, Nicholas W., Spencer, Chris C. A., Band, Gavin, Bellenguez, Céline, Freeman, Colin, Hellenthal, Garrett, Giannoulatou, Eleni, Pirinen, Matti, Pearson, Richard, Strange, Amy, Su, Zhan, Vukcevic, Damjan, Donnelly, Peter, Langford, Cordelia, Hunt, Sarah E., Edkins, Sarah, Gwilliam, Rhian, Blackburn, Hannah, Bumpstead, Suzannah J., Dronov, Serge, Gillman, Matthew, Gray, Emma, Hammond, Naomi, Jayakumar, Alagurevathi, McCann, Owen T., Liddle, Jennifer, Potter, Simon C., Ravindrarajah, Radhi, Ricketts, Michelle, Waller, Matthew, Weston, Paul, Widaa, Sara, Whittaker, Pamela, Barroso, Ines, Mathew (Chair), Christopher G., Spector, Timothy D., Mirshahi, Alireza, Saw, Seang-Mei, Vingerling, Johannes R., Teo, Yik-Ying, Wolfs, Roger C. W., Lemij, Hans G., Tai, E-Shyong, Jansonius, Nomdo M., Jonas, Jost B., Cheng, Ching-Yu, Aung, Tin, Klaver, Caroline C. W., Craig, Jamie E., Macgregor, Stuart, Mackey, David A., Lotery, Andrew J., Stefansson, Kari, Bergen, Arthur A. B., Young, Terri L., Pfeiffer, Norbert, Hewitt, Alex W., van Duijn, Cornelia M., and Hammond, Christopher J.
Abstract: Glaucoma is characterized by irreversible optic nerve degeneration and is the most frequent cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Here, the International Glaucoma Genetics Consortium conducts a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of vertical cup-disc ratio (VCDR), an important disease-related optic nerve parameter. In 21,094 individuals of European ancestry and 6,784 individuals of Asian ancestry, we identify 10 new loci associated with variation in VCDR. In a separate risk-score analysis of five case-control studies, Caucasians in the highest quintile have a 2.5-fold increased risk of primary open-angle glaucoma as compared with those in the lowest quintile. This study has more than doubled the known loci associated with optic disc cupping and will allow greater understanding of mechanisms involved in this common blinding condition.
Published: 2014

27. Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies novel loci that influence cupping and the glaucomatous process

Author: Springelkamp, Henriët., Höhn, René, Mishra, Aniket, Hysi, Pirro G., Khor, Chiea-Chuen, Loomis, Stephanie J., Bailey, Jessica N. Cooke, Gibson, Jane, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Janssen, Sarah F., Luo, Xiaoyan, Ramdas, Wishal D., Vithana, Eranga, Nongpiur, Monisha E., Montgomery, Grant W., Xu, Liang, Mountain, Jenny E., Gharahkhani, Puya, Lu, Yi, Amin, Najaf, Karssen, Lennart C., Sim, Kar-Seng, van Leeuwen, Elisabeth M., Iglesias, Adriana I., Verhoeven, Virginie J. M., Hauser, Michael A., Loon, Seng-Chee, Despriet, Dominiek D. G., Nag, Abhishek, Venturini, Cristina, Sanfilippo, Paul G., Schillert, Arne, Kang, Jae H., Landers, John, Jonasson, Fridbert, Cree, Angela J., van Koolwijk, Leonieke M. E., Rivadeneira, Fernando, Souzeau, Emmanuelle, Jonsson, Vesteinn, Menon, Geeta, Mitchell, Paul, Wang, Jie Jin, Rochtchina, Elena, Attia, John, Scott, Rodney, Holliday, Elizabeth G., Wong, Tien-Yin, Baird, Paul N., Xie, Jing, Inouye, Michael, Viswanathan, Ananth, Sim, Xueling, Weinreb, Robert N., de Jong, Paulus T. V. M., Oostra, Ben A., Uitterlinden, André G., Hofman, Albert, Ennis, Sarah, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Burdon, Kathryn P., Allingham, R. Rand, Brilliant, Murray H., Budenz, Donald L., Cooke Bailey, Jessica N., Christen, William G., Fingert, John, Friedman, David S., Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Haines, Jonathan L., Kang, Jae Hee, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard K., Lichter, Paul R., Liu, Yutao, Moroi, Sayoko E., Pasquale, Louis R., Pericak-Vance, Margaret A., Realini, Anthony, Richards, Julia E., Schuman, Joel S., Scott, William K., Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J., Vollrath, Douglas, Wiggs, Janey L., Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J., Zhang, Kang, Donnelly (Chair), Peter, Barroso (Deputy Chair), Ines, Blackwell, Jenefer M., Bramon, Elvira, Brown, Matthew A., Casas, Juan P., Corvin, Aiden, Deloukas, Panos, Duncanson, Audrey, Jankowski, Janusz, Markus, Hugh S., Mathew, Christopher G., Palmer, Colin N. A., Plomin, Robert, Rautanen, Anna, Sawcer, Stephen J., Trembath, Richard C., Viswanathan, Ananth C., Wood, Nicholas W., Spencer, Chris C. A., Band, Gavin, Bellenguez, Céline, Freeman, Colin, Hellenthal, Garrett, Giannoulatou, Eleni, Pirinen, Matti, Pearson, Richard, Strange, Amy, Su, Zhan, Vukcevic, Damjan, Donnelly, Peter, Langford, Cordelia, Hunt, Sarah E., Edkins, Sarah, Gwilliam, Rhian, Blackburn, Hannah, Bumpstead, Suzannah J., Dronov, Serge, Gillman, Matthew, Gray, Emma, Hammond, Naomi, Jayakumar, Alagurevathi, McCann, Owen T., Liddle, Jennifer, Potter, Simon C., Ravindrarajah, Radhi, Ricketts, Michelle, Waller, Matthew, Weston, Paul, Widaa, Sara, Whittaker, Pamela, Barroso, Ines, Mathew (Chair), Christopher G., Spector, Timothy D., Mirshahi, Alireza, Saw, Seang-Mei, Vingerling, Johannes R., Teo, Yik-Ying, Wolfs, Roger C. W., Lemij, Hans G., Tai, E-Shyong, Jansonius, Nomdo M., Jonas, Jost B., Cheng, Ching-Yu, Aung, Tin, Klaver, Caroline C. W., Craig, Jamie E., Macgregor, Stuart, Mackey, David A., Lotery, Andrew J., Stefansson, Kari, Bergen, Arthur A. B., Young, Terri L., Pfeiffer, Norbert, Hewitt, Alex W., van Duijn, Cornelia M., Hammond, Christopher J., Springelkamp, Henriët., Höhn, René, Mishra, Aniket, Hysi, Pirro G., Khor, Chiea-Chuen, Loomis, Stephanie J., Bailey, Jessica N. Cooke, Gibson, Jane, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Janssen, Sarah F., Luo, Xiaoyan, Ramdas, Wishal D., Vithana, Eranga, Nongpiur, Monisha E., Montgomery, Grant W., Xu, Liang, Mountain, Jenny E., Gharahkhani, Puya, Lu, Yi, Amin, Najaf, Karssen, Lennart C., Sim, Kar-Seng, van Leeuwen, Elisabeth M., Iglesias, Adriana I., Verhoeven, Virginie J. M., Hauser, Michael A., Loon, Seng-Chee, Despriet, Dominiek D. G., Nag, Abhishek, Venturini, Cristina, Sanfilippo, Paul G., Schillert, Arne, Kang, Jae H., Landers, John, Jonasson, Fridbert, Cree, Angela J., van Koolwijk, Leonieke M. E., Rivadeneira, Fernando, Souzeau, Emmanuelle, Jonsson, Vesteinn, Menon, Geeta, Mitchell, Paul, Wang, Jie Jin, Rochtchina, Elena, Attia, John, Scott, Rodney, Holliday, Elizabeth G., Wong, Tien-Yin, Baird, Paul N., Xie, Jing, Inouye, Michael, Viswanathan, Ananth, Sim, Xueling, Weinreb, Robert N., de Jong, Paulus T. V. M., Oostra, Ben A., Uitterlinden, André G., Hofman, Albert, Ennis, Sarah, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Burdon, Kathryn P., Allingham, R. Rand, Brilliant, Murray H., Budenz, Donald L., Cooke Bailey, Jessica N., Christen, William G., Fingert, John, Friedman, David S., Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Haines, Jonathan L., Kang, Jae Hee, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard K., Lichter, Paul R., Liu, Yutao, Moroi, Sayoko E., Pasquale, Louis R., Pericak-Vance, Margaret A., Realini, Anthony, Richards, Julia E., Schuman, Joel S., Scott, William K., Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J., Vollrath, Douglas, Wiggs, Janey L., Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J., Zhang, Kang, Donnelly (Chair), Peter, Barroso (Deputy Chair), Ines, Blackwell, Jenefer M., Bramon, Elvira, Brown, Matthew A., Casas, Juan P., Corvin, Aiden, Deloukas, Panos, Duncanson, Audrey, Jankowski, Janusz, Markus, Hugh S., Mathew, Christopher G., Palmer, Colin N. A., Plomin, Robert, Rautanen, Anna, Sawcer, Stephen J., Trembath, Richard C., Viswanathan, Ananth C., Wood, Nicholas W., Spencer, Chris C. A., Band, Gavin, Bellenguez, Céline, Freeman, Colin, Hellenthal, Garrett, Giannoulatou, Eleni, Pirinen, Matti, Pearson, Richard, Strange, Amy, Su, Zhan, Vukcevic, Damjan, Donnelly, Peter, Langford, Cordelia, Hunt, Sarah E., Edkins, Sarah, Gwilliam, Rhian, Blackburn, Hannah, Bumpstead, Suzannah J., Dronov, Serge, Gillman, Matthew, Gray, Emma, Hammond, Naomi, Jayakumar, Alagurevathi, McCann, Owen T., Liddle, Jennifer, Potter, Simon C., Ravindrarajah, Radhi, Ricketts, Michelle, Waller, Matthew, Weston, Paul, Widaa, Sara, Whittaker, Pamela, Barroso, Ines, Mathew (Chair), Christopher G., Spector, Timothy D., Mirshahi, Alireza, Saw, Seang-Mei, Vingerling, Johannes R., Teo, Yik-Ying, Wolfs, Roger C. W., Lemij, Hans G., Tai, E-Shyong, Jansonius, Nomdo M., Jonas, Jost B., Cheng, Ching-Yu, Aung, Tin, Klaver, Caroline C. W., Craig, Jamie E., Macgregor, Stuart, Mackey, David A., Lotery, Andrew J., Stefansson, Kari, Bergen, Arthur A. B., Young, Terri L., Pfeiffer, Norbert, Hewitt, Alex W., van Duijn, Cornelia M., and Hammond, Christopher J.
Abstract: Glaucoma is characterized by irreversible optic nerve degeneration and is the most frequent cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Here, the International Glaucoma Genetics Consortium conducts a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of vertical cup-disc ratio (VCDR), an important disease-related optic nerve parameter. In 21,094 individuals of European ancestry and 6,784 individuals of Asian ancestry, we identify 10 new loci associated with variation in VCDR. In a separate risk-score analysis of five case-control studies, Caucasians in the highest quintile have a 2.5-fold increased risk of primary open-angle glaucoma as compared with those in the lowest quintile. This study has more than doubled the known loci associated with optic disc cupping and will allow greater understanding of mechanisms involved in this common blinding condition.
Published: 2014

28. Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies novel loci that influence cupping and the glaucomatous process

Author: Springelkamp, Henriët., Höhn, René, Mishra, Aniket, Hysi, Pirro G., Khor, Chiea-Chuen, Loomis, Stephanie J., Bailey, Jessica N. Cooke, Gibson, Jane, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Janssen, Sarah F., Luo, Xiaoyan, Ramdas, Wishal D., Vithana, Eranga, Nongpiur, Monisha E., Montgomery, Grant W., Xu, Liang, Mountain, Jenny E., Gharahkhani, Puya, Lu, Yi, Amin, Najaf, Karssen, Lennart C., Sim, Kar-Seng, van Leeuwen, Elisabeth M., Iglesias, Adriana I., Verhoeven, Virginie J. M., Hauser, Michael A., Loon, Seng-Chee, Despriet, Dominiek D. G., Nag, Abhishek, Venturini, Cristina, Sanfilippo, Paul G., Schillert, Arne, Kang, Jae H., Landers, John, Jonasson, Fridbert, Cree, Angela J., van Koolwijk, Leonieke M. E., Rivadeneira, Fernando, Souzeau, Emmanuelle, Jonsson, Vesteinn, Menon, Geeta, Mitchell, Paul, Wang, Jie Jin, Rochtchina, Elena, Attia, John, Scott, Rodney, Holliday, Elizabeth G., Wong, Tien-Yin, Baird, Paul N., Xie, Jing, Inouye, Michael, Viswanathan, Ananth, Sim, Xueling, Weinreb, Robert N., de Jong, Paulus T. V. M., Oostra, Ben A., Uitterlinden, André G., Hofman, Albert, Ennis, Sarah, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Burdon, Kathryn P., Allingham, R. Rand, Brilliant, Murray H., Budenz, Donald L., Cooke Bailey, Jessica N., Christen, William G., Fingert, John, Friedman, David S., Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Haines, Jonathan L., Kang, Jae Hee, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard K., Lichter, Paul R., Liu, Yutao, Moroi, Sayoko E., Pasquale, Louis R., Pericak-Vance, Margaret A., Realini, Anthony, Richards, Julia E., Schuman, Joel S., Scott, William K., Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J., Vollrath, Douglas, Wiggs, Janey L., Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J., Zhang, Kang, Donnelly (Chair), Peter, Barroso (Deputy Chair), Ines, Blackwell, Jenefer M., Bramon, Elvira, Brown, Matthew A., Casas, Juan P., Corvin, Aiden, Deloukas, Panos, Duncanson, Audrey, Jankowski, Janusz, Markus, Hugh S., Mathew, Christopher G., Palmer, Colin N. A., Plomin, Robert, Rautanen, Anna, Sawcer, Stephen J., Trembath, Richard C., Viswanathan, Ananth C., Wood, Nicholas W., Spencer, Chris C. A., Band, Gavin, Bellenguez, Céline, Freeman, Colin, Hellenthal, Garrett, Giannoulatou, Eleni, Pirinen, Matti, Pearson, Richard, Strange, Amy, Su, Zhan, Vukcevic, Damjan, Donnelly, Peter, Langford, Cordelia, Hunt, Sarah E., Edkins, Sarah, Gwilliam, Rhian, Blackburn, Hannah, Bumpstead, Suzannah J., Dronov, Serge, Gillman, Matthew, Gray, Emma, Hammond, Naomi, Jayakumar, Alagurevathi, McCann, Owen T., Liddle, Jennifer, Potter, Simon C., Ravindrarajah, Radhi, Ricketts, Michelle, Waller, Matthew, Weston, Paul, Widaa, Sara, Whittaker, Pamela, Barroso, Ines, Mathew (Chair), Christopher G., Spector, Timothy D., Mirshahi, Alireza, Saw, Seang-Mei, Vingerling, Johannes R., Teo, Yik-Ying, Wolfs, Roger C. W., Lemij, Hans G., Tai, E-Shyong, Jansonius, Nomdo M., Jonas, Jost B., Cheng, Ching-Yu, Aung, Tin, Klaver, Caroline C. W., Craig, Jamie E., Macgregor, Stuart, Mackey, David A., Lotery, Andrew J., Stefansson, Kari, Bergen, Arthur A. B., Young, Terri L., Pfeiffer, Norbert, Hewitt, Alex W., van Duijn, Cornelia M., Hammond, Christopher J., Springelkamp, Henriët., Höhn, René, Mishra, Aniket, Hysi, Pirro G., Khor, Chiea-Chuen, Loomis, Stephanie J., Bailey, Jessica N. Cooke, Gibson, Jane, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Janssen, Sarah F., Luo, Xiaoyan, Ramdas, Wishal D., Vithana, Eranga, Nongpiur, Monisha E., Montgomery, Grant W., Xu, Liang, Mountain, Jenny E., Gharahkhani, Puya, Lu, Yi, Amin, Najaf, Karssen, Lennart C., Sim, Kar-Seng, van Leeuwen, Elisabeth M., Iglesias, Adriana I., Verhoeven, Virginie J. M., Hauser, Michael A., Loon, Seng-Chee, Despriet, Dominiek D. G., Nag, Abhishek, Venturini, Cristina, Sanfilippo, Paul G., Schillert, Arne, Kang, Jae H., Landers, John, Jonasson, Fridbert, Cree, Angela J., van Koolwijk, Leonieke M. E., Rivadeneira, Fernando, Souzeau, Emmanuelle, Jonsson, Vesteinn, Menon, Geeta, Mitchell, Paul, Wang, Jie Jin, Rochtchina, Elena, Attia, John, Scott, Rodney, Holliday, Elizabeth G., Wong, Tien-Yin, Baird, Paul N., Xie, Jing, Inouye, Michael, Viswanathan, Ananth, Sim, Xueling, Weinreb, Robert N., de Jong, Paulus T. V. M., Oostra, Ben A., Uitterlinden, André G., Hofman, Albert, Ennis, Sarah, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Burdon, Kathryn P., Allingham, R. Rand, Brilliant, Murray H., Budenz, Donald L., Cooke Bailey, Jessica N., Christen, William G., Fingert, John, Friedman, David S., Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Haines, Jonathan L., Kang, Jae Hee, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard K., Lichter, Paul R., Liu, Yutao, Moroi, Sayoko E., Pasquale, Louis R., Pericak-Vance, Margaret A., Realini, Anthony, Richards, Julia E., Schuman, Joel S., Scott, William K., Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J., Vollrath, Douglas, Wiggs, Janey L., Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J., Zhang, Kang, Donnelly (Chair), Peter, Barroso (Deputy Chair), Ines, Blackwell, Jenefer M., Bramon, Elvira, Brown, Matthew A., Casas, Juan P., Corvin, Aiden, Deloukas, Panos, Duncanson, Audrey, Jankowski, Janusz, Markus, Hugh S., Mathew, Christopher G., Palmer, Colin N. A., Plomin, Robert, Rautanen, Anna, Sawcer, Stephen J., Trembath, Richard C., Viswanathan, Ananth C., Wood, Nicholas W., Spencer, Chris C. A., Band, Gavin, Bellenguez, Céline, Freeman, Colin, Hellenthal, Garrett, Giannoulatou, Eleni, Pirinen, Matti, Pearson, Richard, Strange, Amy, Su, Zhan, Vukcevic, Damjan, Donnelly, Peter, Langford, Cordelia, Hunt, Sarah E., Edkins, Sarah, Gwilliam, Rhian, Blackburn, Hannah, Bumpstead, Suzannah J., Dronov, Serge, Gillman, Matthew, Gray, Emma, Hammond, Naomi, Jayakumar, Alagurevathi, McCann, Owen T., Liddle, Jennifer, Potter, Simon C., Ravindrarajah, Radhi, Ricketts, Michelle, Waller, Matthew, Weston, Paul, Widaa, Sara, Whittaker, Pamela, Barroso, Ines, Mathew (Chair), Christopher G., Spector, Timothy D., Mirshahi, Alireza, Saw, Seang-Mei, Vingerling, Johannes R., Teo, Yik-Ying, Wolfs, Roger C. W., Lemij, Hans G., Tai, E-Shyong, Jansonius, Nomdo M., Jonas, Jost B., Cheng, Ching-Yu, Aung, Tin, Klaver, Caroline C. W., Craig, Jamie E., Macgregor, Stuart, Mackey, David A., Lotery, Andrew J., Stefansson, Kari, Bergen, Arthur A. B., Young, Terri L., Pfeiffer, Norbert, Hewitt, Alex W., van Duijn, Cornelia M., and Hammond, Christopher J.
Abstract: Glaucoma is characterized by irreversible optic nerve degeneration and is the most frequent cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Here, the International Glaucoma Genetics Consortium conducts a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of vertical cup-disc ratio (VCDR), an important disease-related optic nerve parameter. In 21,094 individuals of European ancestry and 6,784 individuals of Asian ancestry, we identify 10 new loci associated with variation in VCDR. In a separate risk-score analysis of five case-control studies, Caucasians in the highest quintile have a 2.5-fold increased risk of primary open-angle glaucoma as compared with those in the lowest quintile. This study has more than doubled the known loci associated with optic disc cupping and will allow greater understanding of mechanisms involved in this common blinding condition.
Published: 2014

29. Association of CAV1/CAV2 genomic variants with primary open-angle glaucoma overall and by gender and pattern of visual field loss.

Author: Loomis, Stephanie J, Loomis, Stephanie J, Kang, Jae H, Weinreb, Robert N, Yaspan, Brian L, Cooke Bailey, Jessica N, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul R, Budenz, Donald L, Liu, Yutao, Realini, Tony, Friedman, David S, McCarty, Catherine A, Moroi, Sayoko E, Olson, Lana, Schuman, Joel S, Singh, Kuldev, Vollrath, Douglas, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Brilliant, Murray, Sit, Arthur J, Christen, William G, Fingert, John, Kraft, Peter, Zhang, Kang, Allingham, R Rand, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Richards, Julia E, Hauser, Michael A, Haines, Jonathan L, Pasquale, Louis R, Wiggs, Janey L, Loomis, Stephanie J, Loomis, Stephanie J, Kang, Jae H, Weinreb, Robert N, Yaspan, Brian L, Cooke Bailey, Jessica N, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul R, Budenz, Donald L, Liu, Yutao, Realini, Tony, Friedman, David S, McCarty, Catherine A, Moroi, Sayoko E, Olson, Lana, Schuman, Joel S, Singh, Kuldev, Vollrath, Douglas, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Brilliant, Murray, Sit, Arthur J, Christen, William G, Fingert, John, Kraft, Peter, Zhang, Kang, Allingham, R Rand, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Richards, Julia E, Hauser, Michael A, Haines, Jonathan L, Pasquale, Louis R, and Wiggs, Janey L
Abstract: PurposeThe CAV1/CAV2 (caveolin 1 and caveolin 2) genomic region previously was associated with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), although replication among independent studies has been variable. The aim of this study was to assess the association between CAV1/CAV2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and POAG in a large case-control dataset and to explore associations by gender and pattern of visual field (VF) loss further.DesignCase-control study.ParticipantsWe analyzed 2 large POAG data sets: the Glaucoma Genes and Environment (GLAUGEN) study (976 cases, 1140 controls) and the National Eye Institute Glaucoma Human Genetics Collaboration (NEIGHBOR) consortium (2132 cases, 2290 controls).MethodsWe studied the association between 70 SNPs located within the CAV1/CAV2 genomic region in the GLAUGEN and NEIGHBOR studies, both genotyped on the Illumina Human 660WQuadv1C BeadChip array and imputed with the Markov Chain Haplotyping algorithm using the HapMap 3 reference panel. We used logistic regression models of POAG in the overall population and separated by gender, as well as by POAG subtypes defined by type of VF defect (peripheral or paracentral). Results from GLAUGEN and NEIGHBOR were meta-analyzed, and a Bonferroni-corrected significance level of 7.7 × 10(-4) was used to account for multiple comparisons.Main outcome measuresOverall POAG, overall POAG by gender, and POAG subtypes defined by pattern of early VF loss.ResultsWe found significant associations between 10 CAV1/CAV2 SNPs and POAG (top SNP, rs4236601; pooled P = 2.61 × 10(-7)). Of these, 9 were significant only in women (top SNP, rs4236601; pooled P = 1.59 × 10(-5)). Five of the 10 CAV1/CAV2 SNPs were associated with POAG with early paracentral VF (top SNP, rs17588172; pooled P = 1.07 × 10(-4)), and none of the 10 were associated with POAG with peripheral VF loss only or POAG among men.ConclusionsCAV1/CAV2 SNPs were associated significantly with POAG overall, particularly among women. Furthermore, we fou
Published: 2014

30. Hypothesis-independent pathway analysis implicates GABA and acetyl-CoA metabolism in primary open-angle glaucoma and normal-pressure glaucoma.

Author: Bailey, Jessica N Cooke, Bailey, Jessica N Cooke, Yaspan, Brian L, Pasquale, Louis R, Hauser, Michael A, Kang, Jae H, Loomis, Stephanie J, Brilliant, Murray, Budenz, Donald L, Christen, William G, Fingert, John, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul R, Liu, Yutao, McCarty, Catherine A, Moroi, Sayoko E, Richards, Julia E, Realini, Tony, Schuman, Joel S, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Vollrath, Douglas, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Zhang, Kang, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Allingham, R Rand, Weinreb, Robert N, Haines, Jonathan L, Wiggs, Janey L, Bailey, Jessica N Cooke, Bailey, Jessica N Cooke, Yaspan, Brian L, Pasquale, Louis R, Hauser, Michael A, Kang, Jae H, Loomis, Stephanie J, Brilliant, Murray, Budenz, Donald L, Christen, William G, Fingert, John, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul R, Liu, Yutao, McCarty, Catherine A, Moroi, Sayoko E, Richards, Julia E, Realini, Tony, Schuman, Joel S, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Vollrath, Douglas, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Zhang, Kang, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Allingham, R Rand, Weinreb, Robert N, Haines, Jonathan L, and Wiggs, Janey L
Abstract: Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Using genome-wide association single-nucleotide polymorphism data from the Glaucoma Genes and Environment study and National Eye Institute Glaucoma Human Genetics Collaboration comprising 3,108 cases and 3,430 controls, we assessed biologic pathways as annotated in the KEGG database for association with risk of POAG. After correction for genic overlap among pathways, we found 4 pathways, butanoate metabolism (hsa00650), hematopoietic cell lineage (hsa04640), lysine degradation (hsa00310) and basal transcription factors (hsa03022) related to POAG with permuted p < 0.001. In addition, the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) gene family was significantly associated with POAG (p < 0.001). In the POAG subset with normal-pressure glaucoma (NPG), the butanoate metabolism pathway was also significantly associated (p < 0.001) as well as the MAPK and Hedgehog signaling pathways (hsa04010 and hsa04340), glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis-heparan sulfate pathway (hsa00534) and the phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis pathway (hsa0400). The butanoate metabolism pathway overall, and specifically the aspects of the pathway that contribute to GABA and acetyl-CoA metabolism, was the only pathway significantly associated with both POAG and NPG. Collectively these results implicate GABA and acetyl-CoA metabolism in glaucoma pathogenesis, and suggest new potential therapeutic targets.
Published: 2014

31. DNA copy number variants of known glaucoma genes in relation to primary open-angle glaucoma.

Author: Liu, Yutao, Liu, Yutao, Garrett, Melanie E, Yaspan, Brian L, Bailey, Jessica Cooke, Loomis, Stephanie J, Brilliant, Murray, Budenz, Donald L, Christen, William G, Fingert, John H, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Kang, Jae H, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul, Moroi, Sayoko E, Realini, Anthony, Richards, Julia E, Schuman, Joel S, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Vollrath, Douglas, Weinreb, Robert, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Zhang, Kang, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Haines, Jonathan L, Pasquale, Louis R, Wiggs, Janey L, Allingham, R Rand, Ashley-Koch, Allison E, Hauser, Michael A, Liu, Yutao, Liu, Yutao, Garrett, Melanie E, Yaspan, Brian L, Bailey, Jessica Cooke, Loomis, Stephanie J, Brilliant, Murray, Budenz, Donald L, Christen, William G, Fingert, John H, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Kang, Jae H, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul, Moroi, Sayoko E, Realini, Anthony, Richards, Julia E, Schuman, Joel S, Scott, William K, Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J, Vollrath, Douglas, Weinreb, Robert, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Zhang, Kang, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Haines, Jonathan L, Pasquale, Louis R, Wiggs, Janey L, Allingham, R Rand, Ashley-Koch, Allison E, and Hauser, Michael A
Abstract: PurposeWe examined the role of DNA copy number variants (CNVs) of known glaucoma genes in relation to primary open angle glaucoma (POAG).MethodsOur study included DNA samples from two studies (NEIGHBOR and GLAUGEN). All the samples were genotyped with the Illumina Human660W_Quad_v1 BeadChip. After removing non-blood-derived and amplified DNA samples, we applied quality control steps based on the mean Log R Ratio and the mean B allele frequency. Subsequently, data from 3057 DNA samples (1599 cases and 1458 controls) were analyzed with PennCNV software. We defined CNVs as those ≥5 kilobases (kb) in size and interrogated by ≥5 consecutive probes. We further limited our investigation to CNVs in known POAG-related genes, including CDKN2B-AS1, TMCO1, SIX1/SIX6, CAV1/CAV2, the LRP12-ZFPM2 region, GAS7, ATOH7, FNDC3B, CYP1B1, MYOC, OPTN, WDR36, SRBD1, TBK1, and GALC.ResultsGenomic duplications of CDKN2B-AS1 and TMCO1 were each found in a single case. Two cases carried duplications in the GAS7 region. Genomic deletions of SIX6 and ATOH7 were each identified in one case. One case carried a TBK1 deletion and another case carried a TBK1 duplication. No controls had duplications or deletions in these six genes. A single control had a duplication in the MYOC region. Deletions of GALC were observed in five cases and two controls.ConclusionsThe CNV analysis of a large set of cases and controls revealed the presence of rare CNVs in known POAG susceptibility genes. Our data suggest that these rare CNVs may contribute to POAG pathogenesis and merit functional evaluation.
Published: 2014

32. Association of CAV1/CAV2 Genomic Variants with Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Overall and by Gender and Pattern of Visual Field Loss

Author: Loomis, Stephanie J, Loomis, Stephanie J, Kang, Jae H, Weinreb, Robert N, Yaspan, Brian L, Bailey, Jessica N Cooke, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul R, Budenz, Donald L, Liu, Yutao, Realini, Tony, Friedman, David S, McCarty, Catherine A, Moroi, Sayoko E, Olson, Lana, Schuman, Joel S, Singh, Kuldev, Vollrath, Douglas, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Brilliant, Murray, Sit, Arthur J, Christen, William G, Fingert, John, Kraft, Peter, Zhang, Kang, Allingham, R Rand, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Richards, Julia E, Hauser, Michael A, Haines, Jonathan L, Pasquale, Louis R, Wiggs, Janey L, Loomis, Stephanie J, Loomis, Stephanie J, Kang, Jae H, Weinreb, Robert N, Yaspan, Brian L, Bailey, Jessica N Cooke, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul R, Budenz, Donald L, Liu, Yutao, Realini, Tony, Friedman, David S, McCarty, Catherine A, Moroi, Sayoko E, Olson, Lana, Schuman, Joel S, Singh, Kuldev, Vollrath, Douglas, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Brilliant, Murray, Sit, Arthur J, Christen, William G, Fingert, John, Kraft, Peter, Zhang, Kang, Allingham, R Rand, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Richards, Julia E, Hauser, Michael A, Haines, Jonathan L, Pasquale, Louis R, and Wiggs, Janey L
Abstract: PurposeThe CAV1/CAV2 (caveolin 1 and caveolin 2) genomic region previously was associated with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), although replication among independent studies has been variable. The aim of this study was to assess the association between CAV1/CAV2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and POAG in a large case-control dataset and to explore associations by gender and pattern of visual field (VF) loss further.DesignCase-control study.ParticipantsWe analyzed 2 large POAG data sets: the Glaucoma Genes and Environment (GLAUGEN) study (976 cases, 1140 controls) and the National Eye Institute Glaucoma Human Genetics Collaboration (NEIGHBOR) consortium (2132 cases, 2290 controls).MethodsWe studied the association between 70 SNPs located within the CAV1/CAV2 genomic region in the GLAUGEN and NEIGHBOR studies, both genotyped on the Illumina Human 660WQuadv1C BeadChip array and imputed with the Markov Chain Haplotyping algorithm using the HapMap 3 reference panel. We used logistic regression models of POAG in the overall population and separated by gender, as well as by POAG subtypes defined by type of VF defect (peripheral or paracentral). Results from GLAUGEN and NEIGHBOR were meta-analyzed, and a Bonferroni-corrected significance level of 7.7 × 10(-4) was used to account for multiple comparisons.Main outcome measuresOverall POAG, overall POAG by gender, and POAG subtypes defined by pattern of early VF loss.ResultsWe found significant associations between 10 CAV1/CAV2 SNPs and POAG (top SNP, rs4236601; pooled P = 2.61 × 10(-7)). Of these, 9 were significant only in women (top SNP, rs4236601; pooled P = 1.59 × 10(-5)). Five of the 10 CAV1/CAV2 SNPs were associated with POAG with early paracentral VF (top SNP, rs17588172; pooled P = 1.07 × 10(-4)), and none of the 10 were associated with POAG with peripheral VF loss only or POAG among men.ConclusionsCAV1/CAV2 SNPs were associated significantly with POAG overall, particularly among women. Furthermore, we fou
Published: 2014

33. Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies novel loci that influence cupping and the glaucomatous process

Author: Springelkamp, Henriët., Höhn, René, Mishra, Aniket, Hysi, Pirro G., Khor, Chiea-Chuen, Loomis, Stephanie J., Bailey, Jessica N. Cooke, Gibson, Jane, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Janssen, Sarah F., Luo, Xiaoyan, Ramdas, Wishal D., Vithana, Eranga, Nongpiur, Monisha E., Montgomery, Grant W., Xu, Liang, Mountain, Jenny E., Gharahkhani, Puya, Lu, Yi, Amin, Najaf, Karssen, Lennart C., Sim, Kar-Seng, van Leeuwen, Elisabeth M., Iglesias, Adriana I., Verhoeven, Virginie J. M., Hauser, Michael A., Loon, Seng-Chee, Despriet, Dominiek D. G., Nag, Abhishek, Venturini, Cristina, Sanfilippo, Paul G., Schillert, Arne, Kang, Jae H., Landers, John, Jonasson, Fridbert, Cree, Angela J., van Koolwijk, Leonieke M. E., Rivadeneira, Fernando, Souzeau, Emmanuelle, Jonsson, Vesteinn, Menon, Geeta, Mitchell, Paul, Wang, Jie Jin, Rochtchina, Elena, Attia, John, Scott, Rodney, Holliday, Elizabeth G., Wong, Tien-Yin, Baird, Paul N., Xie, Jing, Inouye, Michael, Viswanathan, Ananth, Sim, Xueling, Weinreb, Robert N., de Jong, Paulus T. V. M., Oostra, Ben A., Uitterlinden, André G., Hofman, Albert, Ennis, Sarah, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Burdon, Kathryn P., Allingham, R. Rand, Brilliant, Murray H., Budenz, Donald L., Cooke Bailey, Jessica N., Christen, William G., Fingert, John, Friedman, David S., Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Haines, Jonathan L., Kang, Jae Hee, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard K., Lichter, Paul R., Liu, Yutao, Moroi, Sayoko E., Pasquale, Louis R., Pericak-Vance, Margaret A., Realini, Anthony, Richards, Julia E., Schuman, Joel S., Scott, William K., Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J., Vollrath, Douglas, Wiggs, Janey L., Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J., Zhang, Kang, Donnelly (Chair), Peter, Barroso (Deputy Chair), Ines, Blackwell, Jenefer M., Bramon, Elvira, Brown, Matthew A., Casas, Juan P., Corvin, Aiden, Deloukas, Panos, Duncanson, Audrey, Jankowski, Janusz, Markus, Hugh S., Mathew, Christopher G., Palmer, Colin N. A., Plomin, Robert, Rautanen, Anna, Sawcer, Stephen J., Trembath, Richard C., Viswanathan, Ananth C., Wood, Nicholas W., Spencer, Chris C. A., Band, Gavin, Bellenguez, Céline, Freeman, Colin, Hellenthal, Garrett, Giannoulatou, Eleni, Pirinen, Matti, Pearson, Richard, Strange, Amy, Su, Zhan, Vukcevic, Damjan, Donnelly, Peter, Langford, Cordelia, Hunt, Sarah E., Edkins, Sarah, Gwilliam, Rhian, Blackburn, Hannah, Bumpstead, Suzannah J., Dronov, Serge, Gillman, Matthew, Gray, Emma, Hammond, Naomi, Jayakumar, Alagurevathi, McCann, Owen T., Liddle, Jennifer, Potter, Simon C., Ravindrarajah, Radhi, Ricketts, Michelle, Waller, Matthew, Weston, Paul, Widaa, Sara, Whittaker, Pamela, Barroso, Ines, Mathew (Chair), Christopher G., Spector, Timothy D., Mirshahi, Alireza, Saw, Seang-Mei, Vingerling, Johannes R., Teo, Yik-Ying, Wolfs, Roger C. W., Lemij, Hans G., Tai, E-Shyong, Jansonius, Nomdo M., Jonas, Jost B., Cheng, Ching-Yu, Aung, Tin, Klaver, Caroline C. W., Craig, Jamie E., Macgregor, Stuart, Mackey, David A., Lotery, Andrew J., Stefansson, Kari, Bergen, Arthur A. B., Young, Terri L., Pfeiffer, Norbert, Hewitt, Alex W., van Duijn, Cornelia M., Hammond, Christopher J., Springelkamp, Henriët., Höhn, René, Mishra, Aniket, Hysi, Pirro G., Khor, Chiea-Chuen, Loomis, Stephanie J., Bailey, Jessica N. Cooke, Gibson, Jane, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Janssen, Sarah F., Luo, Xiaoyan, Ramdas, Wishal D., Vithana, Eranga, Nongpiur, Monisha E., Montgomery, Grant W., Xu, Liang, Mountain, Jenny E., Gharahkhani, Puya, Lu, Yi, Amin, Najaf, Karssen, Lennart C., Sim, Kar-Seng, van Leeuwen, Elisabeth M., Iglesias, Adriana I., Verhoeven, Virginie J. M., Hauser, Michael A., Loon, Seng-Chee, Despriet, Dominiek D. G., Nag, Abhishek, Venturini, Cristina, Sanfilippo, Paul G., Schillert, Arne, Kang, Jae H., Landers, John, Jonasson, Fridbert, Cree, Angela J., van Koolwijk, Leonieke M. E., Rivadeneira, Fernando, Souzeau, Emmanuelle, Jonsson, Vesteinn, Menon, Geeta, Mitchell, Paul, Wang, Jie Jin, Rochtchina, Elena, Attia, John, Scott, Rodney, Holliday, Elizabeth G., Wong, Tien-Yin, Baird, Paul N., Xie, Jing, Inouye, Michael, Viswanathan, Ananth, Sim, Xueling, Weinreb, Robert N., de Jong, Paulus T. V. M., Oostra, Ben A., Uitterlinden, André G., Hofman, Albert, Ennis, Sarah, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Burdon, Kathryn P., Allingham, R. Rand, Brilliant, Murray H., Budenz, Donald L., Cooke Bailey, Jessica N., Christen, William G., Fingert, John, Friedman, David S., Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Haines, Jonathan L., Kang, Jae Hee, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard K., Lichter, Paul R., Liu, Yutao, Moroi, Sayoko E., Pasquale, Louis R., Pericak-Vance, Margaret A., Realini, Anthony, Richards, Julia E., Schuman, Joel S., Scott, William K., Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J., Vollrath, Douglas, Wiggs, Janey L., Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J., Zhang, Kang, Donnelly (Chair), Peter, Barroso (Deputy Chair), Ines, Blackwell, Jenefer M., Bramon, Elvira, Brown, Matthew A., Casas, Juan P., Corvin, Aiden, Deloukas, Panos, Duncanson, Audrey, Jankowski, Janusz, Markus, Hugh S., Mathew, Christopher G., Palmer, Colin N. A., Plomin, Robert, Rautanen, Anna, Sawcer, Stephen J., Trembath, Richard C., Viswanathan, Ananth C., Wood, Nicholas W., Spencer, Chris C. A., Band, Gavin, Bellenguez, Céline, Freeman, Colin, Hellenthal, Garrett, Giannoulatou, Eleni, Pirinen, Matti, Pearson, Richard, Strange, Amy, Su, Zhan, Vukcevic, Damjan, Donnelly, Peter, Langford, Cordelia, Hunt, Sarah E., Edkins, Sarah, Gwilliam, Rhian, Blackburn, Hannah, Bumpstead, Suzannah J., Dronov, Serge, Gillman, Matthew, Gray, Emma, Hammond, Naomi, Jayakumar, Alagurevathi, McCann, Owen T., Liddle, Jennifer, Potter, Simon C., Ravindrarajah, Radhi, Ricketts, Michelle, Waller, Matthew, Weston, Paul, Widaa, Sara, Whittaker, Pamela, Barroso, Ines, Mathew (Chair), Christopher G., Spector, Timothy D., Mirshahi, Alireza, Saw, Seang-Mei, Vingerling, Johannes R., Teo, Yik-Ying, Wolfs, Roger C. W., Lemij, Hans G., Tai, E-Shyong, Jansonius, Nomdo M., Jonas, Jost B., Cheng, Ching-Yu, Aung, Tin, Klaver, Caroline C. W., Craig, Jamie E., Macgregor, Stuart, Mackey, David A., Lotery, Andrew J., Stefansson, Kari, Bergen, Arthur A. B., Young, Terri L., Pfeiffer, Norbert, Hewitt, Alex W., van Duijn, Cornelia M., and Hammond, Christopher J.
Abstract: Glaucoma is characterized by irreversible optic nerve degeneration and is the most frequent cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Here, the International Glaucoma Genetics Consortium conducts a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of vertical cup-disc ratio (VCDR), an important disease-related optic nerve parameter. In 21,094 individuals of European ancestry and 6,784 individuals of Asian ancestry, we identify 10 new loci associated with variation in VCDR. In a separate risk-score analysis of five case-control studies, Caucasians in the highest quintile have a 2.5-fold increased risk of primary open-angle glaucoma as compared with those in the lowest quintile. This study has more than doubled the known loci associated with optic disc cupping and will allow greater understanding of mechanisms involved in this common blinding condition.
Published: 2014

34. Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies novel loci that influence cupping and the glaucomatous process

Author: Springelkamp, Henriët., Höhn, René, Mishra, Aniket, Hysi, Pirro G., Khor, Chiea-Chuen, Loomis, Stephanie J., Bailey, Jessica N. Cooke, Gibson, Jane, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Janssen, Sarah F., Luo, Xiaoyan, Ramdas, Wishal D., Vithana, Eranga, Nongpiur, Monisha E., Montgomery, Grant W., Xu, Liang, Mountain, Jenny E., Gharahkhani, Puya, Lu, Yi, Amin, Najaf, Karssen, Lennart C., Sim, Kar-Seng, van Leeuwen, Elisabeth M., Iglesias, Adriana I., Verhoeven, Virginie J. M., Hauser, Michael A., Loon, Seng-Chee, Despriet, Dominiek D. G., Nag, Abhishek, Venturini, Cristina, Sanfilippo, Paul G., Schillert, Arne, Kang, Jae H., Landers, John, Jonasson, Fridbert, Cree, Angela J., van Koolwijk, Leonieke M. E., Rivadeneira, Fernando, Souzeau, Emmanuelle, Jonsson, Vesteinn, Menon, Geeta, Mitchell, Paul, Wang, Jie Jin, Rochtchina, Elena, Attia, John, Scott, Rodney, Holliday, Elizabeth G., Wong, Tien-Yin, Baird, Paul N., Xie, Jing, Inouye, Michael, Viswanathan, Ananth, Sim, Xueling, Weinreb, Robert N., de Jong, Paulus T. V. M., Oostra, Ben A., Uitterlinden, André G., Hofman, Albert, Ennis, Sarah, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Burdon, Kathryn P., Allingham, R. Rand, Brilliant, Murray H., Budenz, Donald L., Cooke Bailey, Jessica N., Christen, William G., Fingert, John, Friedman, David S., Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Haines, Jonathan L., Kang, Jae Hee, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard K., Lichter, Paul R., Liu, Yutao, Moroi, Sayoko E., Pasquale, Louis R., Pericak-Vance, Margaret A., Realini, Anthony, Richards, Julia E., Schuman, Joel S., Scott, William K., Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J., Vollrath, Douglas, Wiggs, Janey L., Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J., Zhang, Kang, Donnelly (Chair), Peter, Barroso (Deputy Chair), Ines, Blackwell, Jenefer M., Bramon, Elvira, Brown, Matthew A., Casas, Juan P., Corvin, Aiden, Deloukas, Panos, Duncanson, Audrey, Jankowski, Janusz, Markus, Hugh S., Mathew, Christopher G., Palmer, Colin N. A., Plomin, Robert, Rautanen, Anna, Sawcer, Stephen J., Trembath, Richard C., Viswanathan, Ananth C., Wood, Nicholas W., Spencer, Chris C. A., Band, Gavin, Bellenguez, Céline, Freeman, Colin, Hellenthal, Garrett, Giannoulatou, Eleni, Pirinen, Matti, Pearson, Richard, Strange, Amy, Su, Zhan, Vukcevic, Damjan, Donnelly, Peter, Langford, Cordelia, Hunt, Sarah E., Edkins, Sarah, Gwilliam, Rhian, Blackburn, Hannah, Bumpstead, Suzannah J., Dronov, Serge, Gillman, Matthew, Gray, Emma, Hammond, Naomi, Jayakumar, Alagurevathi, McCann, Owen T., Liddle, Jennifer, Potter, Simon C., Ravindrarajah, Radhi, Ricketts, Michelle, Waller, Matthew, Weston, Paul, Widaa, Sara, Whittaker, Pamela, Barroso, Ines, Mathew (Chair), Christopher G., Spector, Timothy D., Mirshahi, Alireza, Saw, Seang-Mei, Vingerling, Johannes R., Teo, Yik-Ying, Wolfs, Roger C. W., Lemij, Hans G., Tai, E-Shyong, Jansonius, Nomdo M., Jonas, Jost B., Cheng, Ching-Yu, Aung, Tin, Klaver, Caroline C. W., Craig, Jamie E., Macgregor, Stuart, Mackey, David A., Lotery, Andrew J., Stefansson, Kari, Bergen, Arthur A. B., Young, Terri L., Pfeiffer, Norbert, Hewitt, Alex W., van Duijn, Cornelia M., Hammond, Christopher J., Springelkamp, Henriët., Höhn, René, Mishra, Aniket, Hysi, Pirro G., Khor, Chiea-Chuen, Loomis, Stephanie J., Bailey, Jessica N. Cooke, Gibson, Jane, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Janssen, Sarah F., Luo, Xiaoyan, Ramdas, Wishal D., Vithana, Eranga, Nongpiur, Monisha E., Montgomery, Grant W., Xu, Liang, Mountain, Jenny E., Gharahkhani, Puya, Lu, Yi, Amin, Najaf, Karssen, Lennart C., Sim, Kar-Seng, van Leeuwen, Elisabeth M., Iglesias, Adriana I., Verhoeven, Virginie J. M., Hauser, Michael A., Loon, Seng-Chee, Despriet, Dominiek D. G., Nag, Abhishek, Venturini, Cristina, Sanfilippo, Paul G., Schillert, Arne, Kang, Jae H., Landers, John, Jonasson, Fridbert, Cree, Angela J., van Koolwijk, Leonieke M. E., Rivadeneira, Fernando, Souzeau, Emmanuelle, Jonsson, Vesteinn, Menon, Geeta, Mitchell, Paul, Wang, Jie Jin, Rochtchina, Elena, Attia, John, Scott, Rodney, Holliday, Elizabeth G., Wong, Tien-Yin, Baird, Paul N., Xie, Jing, Inouye, Michael, Viswanathan, Ananth, Sim, Xueling, Weinreb, Robert N., de Jong, Paulus T. V. M., Oostra, Ben A., Uitterlinden, André G., Hofman, Albert, Ennis, Sarah, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Burdon, Kathryn P., Allingham, R. Rand, Brilliant, Murray H., Budenz, Donald L., Cooke Bailey, Jessica N., Christen, William G., Fingert, John, Friedman, David S., Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Haines, Jonathan L., Kang, Jae Hee, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard K., Lichter, Paul R., Liu, Yutao, Moroi, Sayoko E., Pasquale, Louis R., Pericak-Vance, Margaret A., Realini, Anthony, Richards, Julia E., Schuman, Joel S., Scott, William K., Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J., Vollrath, Douglas, Wiggs, Janey L., Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J., Zhang, Kang, Donnelly (Chair), Peter, Barroso (Deputy Chair), Ines, Blackwell, Jenefer M., Bramon, Elvira, Brown, Matthew A., Casas, Juan P., Corvin, Aiden, Deloukas, Panos, Duncanson, Audrey, Jankowski, Janusz, Markus, Hugh S., Mathew, Christopher G., Palmer, Colin N. A., Plomin, Robert, Rautanen, Anna, Sawcer, Stephen J., Trembath, Richard C., Viswanathan, Ananth C., Wood, Nicholas W., Spencer, Chris C. A., Band, Gavin, Bellenguez, Céline, Freeman, Colin, Hellenthal, Garrett, Giannoulatou, Eleni, Pirinen, Matti, Pearson, Richard, Strange, Amy, Su, Zhan, Vukcevic, Damjan, Donnelly, Peter, Langford, Cordelia, Hunt, Sarah E., Edkins, Sarah, Gwilliam, Rhian, Blackburn, Hannah, Bumpstead, Suzannah J., Dronov, Serge, Gillman, Matthew, Gray, Emma, Hammond, Naomi, Jayakumar, Alagurevathi, McCann, Owen T., Liddle, Jennifer, Potter, Simon C., Ravindrarajah, Radhi, Ricketts, Michelle, Waller, Matthew, Weston, Paul, Widaa, Sara, Whittaker, Pamela, Barroso, Ines, Mathew (Chair), Christopher G., Spector, Timothy D., Mirshahi, Alireza, Saw, Seang-Mei, Vingerling, Johannes R., Teo, Yik-Ying, Wolfs, Roger C. W., Lemij, Hans G., Tai, E-Shyong, Jansonius, Nomdo M., Jonas, Jost B., Cheng, Ching-Yu, Aung, Tin, Klaver, Caroline C. W., Craig, Jamie E., Macgregor, Stuart, Mackey, David A., Lotery, Andrew J., Stefansson, Kari, Bergen, Arthur A. B., Young, Terri L., Pfeiffer, Norbert, Hewitt, Alex W., van Duijn, Cornelia M., and Hammond, Christopher J.
Abstract: Glaucoma is characterized by irreversible optic nerve degeneration and is the most frequent cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Here, the International Glaucoma Genetics Consortium conducts a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of vertical cup-disc ratio (VCDR), an important disease-related optic nerve parameter. In 21,094 individuals of European ancestry and 6,784 individuals of Asian ancestry, we identify 10 new loci associated with variation in VCDR. In a separate risk-score analysis of five case-control studies, Caucasians in the highest quintile have a 2.5-fold increased risk of primary open-angle glaucoma as compared with those in the lowest quintile. This study has more than doubled the known loci associated with optic disc cupping and will allow greater understanding of mechanisms involved in this common blinding condition.
Published: 2014

35. Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies novel loci that influence cupping and the glaucomatous process

Author: Springelkamp, Henriët., Höhn, René, Mishra, Aniket, Hysi, Pirro G., Khor, Chiea-Chuen, Loomis, Stephanie J., Bailey, Jessica N. Cooke, Gibson, Jane, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Janssen, Sarah F., Luo, Xiaoyan, Ramdas, Wishal D., Vithana, Eranga, Nongpiur, Monisha E., Montgomery, Grant W., Xu, Liang, Mountain, Jenny E., Gharahkhani, Puya, Lu, Yi, Amin, Najaf, Karssen, Lennart C., Sim, Kar-Seng, van Leeuwen, Elisabeth M., Iglesias, Adriana I., Verhoeven, Virginie J. M., Hauser, Michael A., Loon, Seng-Chee, Despriet, Dominiek D. G., Nag, Abhishek, Venturini, Cristina, Sanfilippo, Paul G., Schillert, Arne, Kang, Jae H., Landers, John, Jonasson, Fridbert, Cree, Angela J., van Koolwijk, Leonieke M. E., Rivadeneira, Fernando, Souzeau, Emmanuelle, Jonsson, Vesteinn, Menon, Geeta, Mitchell, Paul, Wang, Jie Jin, Rochtchina, Elena, Attia, John, Scott, Rodney, Holliday, Elizabeth G., Wong, Tien-Yin, Baird, Paul N., Xie, Jing, Inouye, Michael, Viswanathan, Ananth, Sim, Xueling, Weinreb, Robert N., de Jong, Paulus T. V. M., Oostra, Ben A., Uitterlinden, André G., Hofman, Albert, Ennis, Sarah, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Burdon, Kathryn P., Allingham, R. Rand, Brilliant, Murray H., Budenz, Donald L., Cooke Bailey, Jessica N., Christen, William G., Fingert, John, Friedman, David S., Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Haines, Jonathan L., Kang, Jae Hee, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard K., Lichter, Paul R., Liu, Yutao, Moroi, Sayoko E., Pasquale, Louis R., Pericak-Vance, Margaret A., Realini, Anthony, Richards, Julia E., Schuman, Joel S., Scott, William K., Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J., Vollrath, Douglas, Wiggs, Janey L., Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J., Zhang, Kang, Donnelly (Chair), Peter, Barroso (Deputy Chair), Ines, Blackwell, Jenefer M., Bramon, Elvira, Brown, Matthew A., Casas, Juan P., Corvin, Aiden, Deloukas, Panos, Duncanson, Audrey, Jankowski, Janusz, Markus, Hugh S., Mathew, Christopher G., Palmer, Colin N. A., Plomin, Robert, Rautanen, Anna, Sawcer, Stephen J., Trembath, Richard C., Viswanathan, Ananth C., Wood, Nicholas W., Spencer, Chris C. A., Band, Gavin, Bellenguez, Céline, Freeman, Colin, Hellenthal, Garrett, Giannoulatou, Eleni, Pirinen, Matti, Pearson, Richard, Strange, Amy, Su, Zhan, Vukcevic, Damjan, Donnelly, Peter, Langford, Cordelia, Hunt, Sarah E., Edkins, Sarah, Gwilliam, Rhian, Blackburn, Hannah, Bumpstead, Suzannah J., Dronov, Serge, Gillman, Matthew, Gray, Emma, Hammond, Naomi, Jayakumar, Alagurevathi, McCann, Owen T., Liddle, Jennifer, Potter, Simon C., Ravindrarajah, Radhi, Ricketts, Michelle, Waller, Matthew, Weston, Paul, Widaa, Sara, Whittaker, Pamela, Barroso, Ines, Mathew (Chair), Christopher G., Spector, Timothy D., Mirshahi, Alireza, Saw, Seang-Mei, Vingerling, Johannes R., Teo, Yik-Ying, Wolfs, Roger C. W., Lemij, Hans G., Tai, E-Shyong, Jansonius, Nomdo M., Jonas, Jost B., Cheng, Ching-Yu, Aung, Tin, Klaver, Caroline C. W., Craig, Jamie E., Macgregor, Stuart, Mackey, David A., Lotery, Andrew J., Stefansson, Kari, Bergen, Arthur A. B., Young, Terri L., Pfeiffer, Norbert, Hewitt, Alex W., van Duijn, Cornelia M., Hammond, Christopher J., Springelkamp, Henriët., Höhn, René, Mishra, Aniket, Hysi, Pirro G., Khor, Chiea-Chuen, Loomis, Stephanie J., Bailey, Jessica N. Cooke, Gibson, Jane, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Janssen, Sarah F., Luo, Xiaoyan, Ramdas, Wishal D., Vithana, Eranga, Nongpiur, Monisha E., Montgomery, Grant W., Xu, Liang, Mountain, Jenny E., Gharahkhani, Puya, Lu, Yi, Amin, Najaf, Karssen, Lennart C., Sim, Kar-Seng, van Leeuwen, Elisabeth M., Iglesias, Adriana I., Verhoeven, Virginie J. M., Hauser, Michael A., Loon, Seng-Chee, Despriet, Dominiek D. G., Nag, Abhishek, Venturini, Cristina, Sanfilippo, Paul G., Schillert, Arne, Kang, Jae H., Landers, John, Jonasson, Fridbert, Cree, Angela J., van Koolwijk, Leonieke M. E., Rivadeneira, Fernando, Souzeau, Emmanuelle, Jonsson, Vesteinn, Menon, Geeta, Mitchell, Paul, Wang, Jie Jin, Rochtchina, Elena, Attia, John, Scott, Rodney, Holliday, Elizabeth G., Wong, Tien-Yin, Baird, Paul N., Xie, Jing, Inouye, Michael, Viswanathan, Ananth, Sim, Xueling, Weinreb, Robert N., de Jong, Paulus T. V. M., Oostra, Ben A., Uitterlinden, André G., Hofman, Albert, Ennis, Sarah, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Burdon, Kathryn P., Allingham, R. Rand, Brilliant, Murray H., Budenz, Donald L., Cooke Bailey, Jessica N., Christen, William G., Fingert, John, Friedman, David S., Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Haines, Jonathan L., Kang, Jae Hee, Kraft, Peter, Lee, Richard K., Lichter, Paul R., Liu, Yutao, Moroi, Sayoko E., Pasquale, Louis R., Pericak-Vance, Margaret A., Realini, Anthony, Richards, Julia E., Schuman, Joel S., Scott, William K., Singh, Kuldev, Sit, Arthur J., Vollrath, Douglas, Wiggs, Janey L., Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J., Zhang, Kang, Donnelly (Chair), Peter, Barroso (Deputy Chair), Ines, Blackwell, Jenefer M., Bramon, Elvira, Brown, Matthew A., Casas, Juan P., Corvin, Aiden, Deloukas, Panos, Duncanson, Audrey, Jankowski, Janusz, Markus, Hugh S., Mathew, Christopher G., Palmer, Colin N. A., Plomin, Robert, Rautanen, Anna, Sawcer, Stephen J., Trembath, Richard C., Viswanathan, Ananth C., Wood, Nicholas W., Spencer, Chris C. A., Band, Gavin, Bellenguez, Céline, Freeman, Colin, Hellenthal, Garrett, Giannoulatou, Eleni, Pirinen, Matti, Pearson, Richard, Strange, Amy, Su, Zhan, Vukcevic, Damjan, Donnelly, Peter, Langford, Cordelia, Hunt, Sarah E., Edkins, Sarah, Gwilliam, Rhian, Blackburn, Hannah, Bumpstead, Suzannah J., Dronov, Serge, Gillman, Matthew, Gray, Emma, Hammond, Naomi, Jayakumar, Alagurevathi, McCann, Owen T., Liddle, Jennifer, Potter, Simon C., Ravindrarajah, Radhi, Ricketts, Michelle, Waller, Matthew, Weston, Paul, Widaa, Sara, Whittaker, Pamela, Barroso, Ines, Mathew (Chair), Christopher G., Spector, Timothy D., Mirshahi, Alireza, Saw, Seang-Mei, Vingerling, Johannes R., Teo, Yik-Ying, Wolfs, Roger C. W., Lemij, Hans G., Tai, E-Shyong, Jansonius, Nomdo M., Jonas, Jost B., Cheng, Ching-Yu, Aung, Tin, Klaver, Caroline C. W., Craig, Jamie E., Macgregor, Stuart, Mackey, David A., Lotery, Andrew J., Stefansson, Kari, Bergen, Arthur A. B., Young, Terri L., Pfeiffer, Norbert, Hewitt, Alex W., van Duijn, Cornelia M., and Hammond, Christopher J.
Abstract: Glaucoma is characterized by irreversible optic nerve degeneration and is the most frequent cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Here, the International Glaucoma Genetics Consortium conducts a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of vertical cup-disc ratio (VCDR), an important disease-related optic nerve parameter. In 21,094 individuals of European ancestry and 6,784 individuals of Asian ancestry, we identify 10 new loci associated with variation in VCDR. In a separate risk-score analysis of five case-control studies, Caucasians in the highest quintile have a 2.5-fold increased risk of primary open-angle glaucoma as compared with those in the lowest quintile. This study has more than doubled the known loci associated with optic disc cupping and will allow greater understanding of mechanisms involved in this common blinding condition.
Published: 2014

36. The NEIGHBOR consortium primary open-angle glaucoma genome-wide association study: rationale, study design, and clinical variables.

Author: Wiggs, Janey L, Wiggs, Janey L, Hauser, Michael A, Abdrabou, Wael, Allingham, Robert Rand, Budenz, Donald L, Delbono, Elizabeth, Friedman, David S, Kang, Jae H, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul R, Loomis, Stephanie, Liu, Yutao, McCarty, Cathy, Medeiros, Felipe A, Moroi, Sayoko E, Olson, Lana M, Realini, Anthony, Richards, Julia E, Rozsa, Frank W, Schuman, Joel S, Singh, Kuldev, Stein, Joshua D, Vollrath, Douglas, Weinreb, Robert N, Wollstein, Gadi, Yaspan, Brian L, Yoneyama, Sachiko, Zack, Don, Zhang, Kang, Pericak-Vance, Margaret, Pasquale, Louis R, Haines, Jonathan L, Wiggs, Janey L, Wiggs, Janey L, Hauser, Michael A, Abdrabou, Wael, Allingham, Robert Rand, Budenz, Donald L, Delbono, Elizabeth, Friedman, David S, Kang, Jae H, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul R, Loomis, Stephanie, Liu, Yutao, McCarty, Cathy, Medeiros, Felipe A, Moroi, Sayoko E, Olson, Lana M, Realini, Anthony, Richards, Julia E, Rozsa, Frank W, Schuman, Joel S, Singh, Kuldev, Stein, Joshua D, Vollrath, Douglas, Weinreb, Robert N, Wollstein, Gadi, Yaspan, Brian L, Yoneyama, Sachiko, Zack, Don, Zhang, Kang, Pericak-Vance, Margaret, Pasquale, Louis R, and Haines, Jonathan L
Abstract: Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a common disease with complex inheritance. The identification of genes predisposing to POAG is an important step toward the development of novel gene-based methods of diagnosis and treatment. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have successfully identified genes contributing to complex traits such as POAG however, such studies frequently require very large sample sizes, and thus, collaborations and consortia have been of critical importance for the GWAS approach. In this report we describe the formation of the NEIGHBOR consortium, the harmonized case control definitions used for a POAG GWAS, the clinical features of the cases and controls, and the rationale for the GWAS study design.
Published: 2013

37. Estrogen pathway polymorphisms in relation to primary open angle glaucoma: an analysis accounting for gender from the United States.

Author: Pasquale, Louis R, Pasquale, Louis R, Loomis, Stephanie J, Weinreb, Robert N, Kang, Jae H, Yaspan, Brian L, Bailey, Jessica Cooke, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Lee, Richard K, Scott, William K, Lichter, Paul R, Budenz, Donald L, Liu, Yutao, Realini, Tony, Friedman, David S, McCarty, Catherine A, Moroi, Sayoko E, Olson, Lana, Schuman, Joel S, Singh, Kuldev, Vollrath, Douglas, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Brilliant, Murray, Sit, Arthur J, Christen, William G, Fingert, John, Kraft, Peter, Zhang, Kang, Allingham, R Rand, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Richards, Julia E, Hauser, Michael A, Haines, Jonathan L, Wiggs, Janey L, Pasquale, Louis R, Pasquale, Louis R, Loomis, Stephanie J, Weinreb, Robert N, Kang, Jae H, Yaspan, Brian L, Bailey, Jessica Cooke, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Lee, Richard K, Scott, William K, Lichter, Paul R, Budenz, Donald L, Liu, Yutao, Realini, Tony, Friedman, David S, McCarty, Catherine A, Moroi, Sayoko E, Olson, Lana, Schuman, Joel S, Singh, Kuldev, Vollrath, Douglas, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Brilliant, Murray, Sit, Arthur J, Christen, William G, Fingert, John, Kraft, Peter, Zhang, Kang, Allingham, R Rand, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Richards, Julia E, Hauser, Michael A, Haines, Jonathan L, and Wiggs, Janey L
Abstract: PurposeCirculating estrogen levels are relevant in glaucoma phenotypic traits. We assessed the association between an estrogen metabolism single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panel in relation to primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), accounting for gender.MethodsWe included 3,108 POAG cases and 3,430 controls of both genders from the Glaucoma Genes and Environment (GLAUGEN) study and the National Eye Institute Glaucoma Human Genetics Collaboration (NEIGHBOR) consortium genotyped on the Illumina 660W-Quad platform. We assessed the relation between the SNP panels representative of estrogen metabolism and POAG using pathway- and gene-based approaches with the Pathway Analysis by Randomization Incorporating Structure (PARIS) software. PARIS executes a permutation algorithm to assess statistical significance relative to the pathways and genes of comparable genetic architecture. These analyses were performed using the meta-analyzed results from the GLAUGEN and NEIGHBOR data sets. We evaluated POAG overall as well as two subtypes of POAG defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) ≥22 mmHg (high-pressure glaucoma [HPG]) or IOP <22 mmHg (normal pressure glaucoma [NPG]) at diagnosis. We conducted these analyses for each gender separately and then jointly in men and women.ResultsAmong women, the estrogen SNP pathway was associated with POAG overall (permuted p=0.006) and HPG (permuted p<0.001) but not NPG (permuted p=0.09). Interestingly, there was no relation between the estrogen SNP pathway and POAG when men were considered alone (permuted p>0.99). Among women, gene-based analyses revealed that the catechol-O-methyltransferase gene showed strong associations with HTG (permuted gene p≤0.001) and NPG (permuted gene p=0.01).ConclusionsThe estrogen SNP pathway was associated with POAG among women.
Published: 2013

38. Estrogen pathway polymorphisms in relation to primary open angle glaucoma: an analysis accounting for gender from the United States.

Author: Pasquale, Louis R, Pasquale, Louis R, Loomis, Stephanie J, Weinreb, Robert N, Kang, Jae H, Yaspan, Brian L, Bailey, Jessica Cooke, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Lee, Richard K, Scott, William K, Lichter, Paul R, Budenz, Donald L, Liu, Yutao, Realini, Tony, Friedman, David S, McCarty, Catherine A, Moroi, Sayoko E, Olson, Lana, Schuman, Joel S, Singh, Kuldev, Vollrath, Douglas, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Brilliant, Murray, Sit, Arthur J, Christen, William G, Fingert, John, Kraft, Peter, Zhang, Kang, Allingham, R Rand, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Richards, Julia E, Hauser, Michael A, Haines, Jonathan L, Wiggs, Janey L, Pasquale, Louis R, Pasquale, Louis R, Loomis, Stephanie J, Weinreb, Robert N, Kang, Jae H, Yaspan, Brian L, Bailey, Jessica Cooke, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Lee, Richard K, Scott, William K, Lichter, Paul R, Budenz, Donald L, Liu, Yutao, Realini, Tony, Friedman, David S, McCarty, Catherine A, Moroi, Sayoko E, Olson, Lana, Schuman, Joel S, Singh, Kuldev, Vollrath, Douglas, Wollstein, Gadi, Zack, Donald J, Brilliant, Murray, Sit, Arthur J, Christen, William G, Fingert, John, Kraft, Peter, Zhang, Kang, Allingham, R Rand, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Richards, Julia E, Hauser, Michael A, Haines, Jonathan L, and Wiggs, Janey L
Abstract: PurposeCirculating estrogen levels are relevant in glaucoma phenotypic traits. We assessed the association between an estrogen metabolism single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panel in relation to primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), accounting for gender.MethodsWe included 3,108 POAG cases and 3,430 controls of both genders from the Glaucoma Genes and Environment (GLAUGEN) study and the National Eye Institute Glaucoma Human Genetics Collaboration (NEIGHBOR) consortium genotyped on the Illumina 660W-Quad platform. We assessed the relation between the SNP panels representative of estrogen metabolism and POAG using pathway- and gene-based approaches with the Pathway Analysis by Randomization Incorporating Structure (PARIS) software. PARIS executes a permutation algorithm to assess statistical significance relative to the pathways and genes of comparable genetic architecture. These analyses were performed using the meta-analyzed results from the GLAUGEN and NEIGHBOR data sets. We evaluated POAG overall as well as two subtypes of POAG defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) ≥22 mmHg (high-pressure glaucoma [HPG]) or IOP <22 mmHg (normal pressure glaucoma [NPG]) at diagnosis. We conducted these analyses for each gender separately and then jointly in men and women.ResultsAmong women, the estrogen SNP pathway was associated with POAG overall (permuted p=0.006) and HPG (permuted p<0.001) but not NPG (permuted p=0.09). Interestingly, there was no relation between the estrogen SNP pathway and POAG when men were considered alone (permuted p>0.99). Among women, gene-based analyses revealed that the catechol-O-methyltransferase gene showed strong associations with HTG (permuted gene p≤0.001) and NPG (permuted gene p=0.01).ConclusionsThe estrogen SNP pathway was associated with POAG among women.
Published: 2013

39. The NEIGHBOR consortium primary open-angle glaucoma genome-wide association study: rationale, study design, and clinical variables.

Author: Wiggs, Janey L, Wiggs, Janey L, Hauser, Michael A, Abdrabou, Wael, Allingham, Robert Rand, Budenz, Donald L, Delbono, Elizabeth, Friedman, David S, Kang, Jae H, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul R, Loomis, Stephanie, Liu, Yutao, McCarty, Cathy, Medeiros, Felipe A, Moroi, Sayoko E, Olson, Lana M, Realini, Anthony, Richards, Julia E, Rozsa, Frank W, Schuman, Joel S, Singh, Kuldev, Stein, Joshua D, Vollrath, Douglas, Weinreb, Robert N, Wollstein, Gadi, Yaspan, Brian L, Yoneyama, Sachiko, Zack, Don, Zhang, Kang, Pericak-Vance, Margaret, Pasquale, Louis R, Haines, Jonathan L, Wiggs, Janey L, Wiggs, Janey L, Hauser, Michael A, Abdrabou, Wael, Allingham, Robert Rand, Budenz, Donald L, Delbono, Elizabeth, Friedman, David S, Kang, Jae H, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul R, Loomis, Stephanie, Liu, Yutao, McCarty, Cathy, Medeiros, Felipe A, Moroi, Sayoko E, Olson, Lana M, Realini, Anthony, Richards, Julia E, Rozsa, Frank W, Schuman, Joel S, Singh, Kuldev, Stein, Joshua D, Vollrath, Douglas, Weinreb, Robert N, Wollstein, Gadi, Yaspan, Brian L, Yoneyama, Sachiko, Zack, Don, Zhang, Kang, Pericak-Vance, Margaret, Pasquale, Louis R, and Haines, Jonathan L
Abstract: Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a common disease with complex inheritance. The identification of genes predisposing to POAG is an important step toward the development of novel gene-based methods of diagnosis and treatment. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have successfully identified genes contributing to complex traits such as POAG however, such studies frequently require very large sample sizes, and thus, collaborations and consortia have been of critical importance for the GWAS approach. In this report we describe the formation of the NEIGHBOR consortium, the harmonized case control definitions used for a POAG GWAS, the clinical features of the cases and controls, and the rationale for the GWAS study design.
Published: 2013

40. The NEIGHBOR Consortium Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Genome-wide Association Study

Author: Wiggs, Janey L, Wiggs, Janey L, Hauser, Michael A, Abdrabou, Wael, Allingham, Robert Rand, Budenz, Donald L, DelBono, Elizabeth, Friedman, David S, Kang, Jae H, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul R, Loomis, Stephanie, Liu, Yutao, McCarty, Cathy, Medeiros, Felipe A, Moroi, Sayoko E, Olson, Lana M, Realini, Anthony, Richards, Julia E, Rozsa, Frank W, Schuman, Joel S, Singh, Kuldev, Stein, Joshua D, Vollrath, Douglas, Weinreb, Robert N, Wollstein, Gadi, Yaspan, Brian L, Yoneyama, Sachiko, Zack, Don, Zhang, Kang, Pericak-Vance, Margaret, Pasquale, Louis R, Haines, Jonathan L, Wiggs, Janey L, Wiggs, Janey L, Hauser, Michael A, Abdrabou, Wael, Allingham, Robert Rand, Budenz, Donald L, DelBono, Elizabeth, Friedman, David S, Kang, Jae H, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul R, Loomis, Stephanie, Liu, Yutao, McCarty, Cathy, Medeiros, Felipe A, Moroi, Sayoko E, Olson, Lana M, Realini, Anthony, Richards, Julia E, Rozsa, Frank W, Schuman, Joel S, Singh, Kuldev, Stein, Joshua D, Vollrath, Douglas, Weinreb, Robert N, Wollstein, Gadi, Yaspan, Brian L, Yoneyama, Sachiko, Zack, Don, Zhang, Kang, Pericak-Vance, Margaret, Pasquale, Louis R, and Haines, Jonathan L
Abstract: Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a common disease with complex inheritance. The identification of genes predisposing to POAG is an important step toward the development of novel gene-based methods of diagnosis and treatment. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have successfully identified genes contributing to complex traits such as POAG however, such studies frequently require very large sample sizes, and thus, collaborations and consortia have been of critical importance for the GWAS approach. In this report we describe the formation of the NEIGHBOR consortium, the harmonized case control definitions used for a POAG GWAS, the clinical features of the cases and controls, and the rationale for the GWAS study design.
Published: 2013

41. Common variants at 9p21 and 8q22 are associated with increased susceptibility to optic nerve degeneration in glaucoma.

Author: Wiggs, Janey L, Wiggs, Janey L, Yaspan, Brian L, Hauser, Michael A, Kang, Jae H, Allingham, R Rand, Olson, Lana M, Abdrabou, Wael, Fan, Bao J, Wang, Dan Y, Brodeur, Wendy, Budenz, Donald L, Caprioli, Joseph, Crenshaw, Andrew, Crooks, Kristy, Delbono, Elizabeth, Doheny, Kimberly F, Friedman, David S, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Laurie, Cathy, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul R, Loomis, Stephanie, Liu, Yutao, Medeiros, Felipe A, McCarty, Cathy, Mirel, Daniel, Moroi, Sayoko E, Musch, David C, Realini, Anthony, Rozsa, Frank W, Schuman, Joel S, Scott, Kathleen, Singh, Kuldev, Stein, Joshua D, Trager, Edward H, Vanveldhuisen, Paul, Vollrath, Douglas, Wollstein, Gadi, Yoneyama, Sachiko, Zhang, Kang, Weinreb, Robert N, Ernst, Jason, Kellis, Manolis, Masuda, Tomohiro, Zack, Don, Richards, Julia E, Pericak-Vance, Margaret, Pasquale, Louis R, Haines, Jonathan L, Wiggs, Janey L, Wiggs, Janey L, Yaspan, Brian L, Hauser, Michael A, Kang, Jae H, Allingham, R Rand, Olson, Lana M, Abdrabou, Wael, Fan, Bao J, Wang, Dan Y, Brodeur, Wendy, Budenz, Donald L, Caprioli, Joseph, Crenshaw, Andrew, Crooks, Kristy, Delbono, Elizabeth, Doheny, Kimberly F, Friedman, David S, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Laurie, Cathy, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul R, Loomis, Stephanie, Liu, Yutao, Medeiros, Felipe A, McCarty, Cathy, Mirel, Daniel, Moroi, Sayoko E, Musch, David C, Realini, Anthony, Rozsa, Frank W, Schuman, Joel S, Scott, Kathleen, Singh, Kuldev, Stein, Joshua D, Trager, Edward H, Vanveldhuisen, Paul, Vollrath, Douglas, Wollstein, Gadi, Yoneyama, Sachiko, Zhang, Kang, Weinreb, Robert N, Ernst, Jason, Kellis, Manolis, Masuda, Tomohiro, Zack, Don, Richards, Julia E, Pericak-Vance, Margaret, Pasquale, Louis R, and Haines, Jonathan L
Abstract: Optic nerve degeneration caused by glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Patients affected by the normal-pressure form of glaucoma are more likely to harbor risk alleles for glaucoma-related optic nerve disease. We have performed a meta-analysis of two independent genome-wide association studies for primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) followed by a normal-pressure glaucoma (NPG, defined by intraocular pressure (IOP) less than 22 mmHg) subgroup analysis. The single-nucleotide polymorphisms that showed the most significant associations were tested for association with a second form of glaucoma, exfoliation-syndrome glaucoma. The overall meta-analysis of the GLAUGEN and NEIGHBOR dataset results (3,146 cases and 3,487 controls) identified significant associations between two loci and POAG: the CDKN2BAS region on 9p21 (rs2157719 [G], OR = 0.69 [95%CI 0.63-0.75], p = 1.86×10⁻¹⁸), and the SIX1/SIX6 region on chromosome 14q23 (rs10483727 [A], OR = 1.32 [95%CI 1.21-1.43], p = 3.87×10⁻¹¹). In sub-group analysis two loci were significantly associated with NPG: 9p21 containing the CDKN2BAS gene (rs2157719 [G], OR = 0.58 [95% CI 0.50-0.67], p = 1.17×10⁻¹²) and a probable regulatory region on 8q22 (rs284489 [G], OR = 0.62 [95% CI 0.53-0.72], p = 8.88×10⁻¹⁰). Both NPG loci were also nominally associated with a second type of glaucoma, exfoliation syndrome glaucoma (rs2157719 [G], OR = 0.59 [95% CI 0.41-0.87], p = 0.004 and rs284489 [G], OR = 0.76 [95% CI 0.54-1.06], p = 0.021), suggesting that these loci might contribute more generally to optic nerve degeneration in glaucoma. Because both loci influence transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) signaling, we performed a genomic pathway analysis that showed an association between the TGF-beta pathway and NPG (permuted p = 0.009). These results suggest that neuro-protective therapies targeting TGF-beta signaling could be effective for multiple forms of glaucoma.
Published: 2012

42. Common variants at 9p21 and 8q22 are associated with increased susceptibility to optic nerve degeneration in glaucoma.

Author: Wiggs, Janey L, Barsh, Gregory S1, Wiggs, Janey L, Yaspan, Brian L, Hauser, Michael A, Kang, Jae H, Allingham, R Rand, Olson, Lana M, Abdrabou, Wael, Fan, Bao J, Wang, Dan Y, Brodeur, Wendy, Budenz, Donald L, Caprioli, Joseph, Crenshaw, Andrew, Crooks, Kristy, Delbono, Elizabeth, Doheny, Kimberly F, Friedman, David S, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Laurie, Cathy, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul R, Loomis, Stephanie, Liu, Yutao, Medeiros, Felipe A, McCarty, Cathy, Mirel, Daniel, Moroi, Sayoko E, Musch, David C, Realini, Anthony, Rozsa, Frank W, Schuman, Joel S, Scott, Kathleen, Singh, Kuldev, Stein, Joshua D, Trager, Edward H, Vanveldhuisen, Paul, Vollrath, Douglas, Wollstein, Gadi, Yoneyama, Sachiko, Zhang, Kang, Weinreb, Robert N, Ernst, Jason, Kellis, Manolis, Masuda, Tomohiro, Zack, Don, Richards, Julia E, Pericak-Vance, Margaret, Pasquale, Louis R, Haines, Jonathan L, Wiggs, Janey L, Barsh, Gregory S1, Wiggs, Janey L, Yaspan, Brian L, Hauser, Michael A, Kang, Jae H, Allingham, R Rand, Olson, Lana M, Abdrabou, Wael, Fan, Bao J, Wang, Dan Y, Brodeur, Wendy, Budenz, Donald L, Caprioli, Joseph, Crenshaw, Andrew, Crooks, Kristy, Delbono, Elizabeth, Doheny, Kimberly F, Friedman, David S, Gaasterland, Douglas, Gaasterland, Terry, Laurie, Cathy, Lee, Richard K, Lichter, Paul R, Loomis, Stephanie, Liu, Yutao, Medeiros, Felipe A, McCarty, Cathy, Mirel, Daniel, Moroi, Sayoko E, Musch, David C, Realini, Anthony, Rozsa, Frank W, Schuman, Joel S, Scott, Kathleen, Singh, Kuldev, Stein, Joshua D, Trager, Edward H, Vanveldhuisen, Paul, Vollrath, Douglas, Wollstein, Gadi, Yoneyama, Sachiko, Zhang, Kang, Weinreb, Robert N, Ernst, Jason, Kellis, Manolis, Masuda, Tomohiro, Zack, Don, Richards, Julia E, Pericak-Vance, Margaret, Pasquale, Louis R, and Haines, Jonathan L
Abstract: Optic nerve degeneration caused by glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Patients affected by the normal-pressure form of glaucoma are more likely to harbor risk alleles for glaucoma-related optic nerve disease. We have performed a meta-analysis of two independent genome-wide association studies for primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) followed by a normal-pressure glaucoma (NPG, defined by intraocular pressure (IOP) less than 22 mmHg) subgroup analysis. The single-nucleotide polymorphisms that showed the most significant associations were tested for association with a second form of glaucoma, exfoliation-syndrome glaucoma. The overall meta-analysis of the GLAUGEN and NEIGHBOR dataset results (3,146 cases and 3,487 controls) identified significant associations between two loci and POAG: the CDKN2BAS region on 9p21 (rs2157719 [G], OR = 0.69 [95%CI 0.63-0.75], p = 1.86×10⁻¹⁸), and the SIX1/SIX6 region on chromosome 14q23 (rs10483727 [A], OR = 1.32 [95%CI 1.21-1.43], p = 3.87×10⁻¹¹). In sub-group analysis two loci were significantly associated with NPG: 9p21 containing the CDKN2BAS gene (rs2157719 [G], OR = 0.58 [95% CI 0.50-0.67], p = 1.17×10⁻¹²) and a probable regulatory region on 8q22 (rs284489 [G], OR = 0.62 [95% CI 0.53-0.72], p = 8.88×10⁻¹⁰). Both NPG loci were also nominally associated with a second type of glaucoma, exfoliation syndrome glaucoma (rs2157719 [G], OR = 0.59 [95% CI 0.41-0.87], p = 0.004 and rs284489 [G], OR = 0.76 [95% CI 0.54-1.06], p = 0.021), suggesting that these loci might contribute more generally to optic nerve degeneration in glaucoma. Because both loci influence transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) signaling, we performed a genomic pathway analysis that showed an association between the TGF-beta pathway and NPG (permuted p = 0.009). These results suggest that neuro-protective therapies targeting TGF-beta signaling could be effective for multiple forms of glaucoma.
Published: 2012

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