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AIMS: Even though the use of Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs) is safe based on clinical outcomes, drug safety also depends on appropriateness of drug prescription, which is challenging for DOACs since many patient factors need to be considered. The aim of this study was to assess the appropriateness of DOAC prescriptions and to identify risk factors of determinants for inappropriate DOAC prescriptions.METHOD: A retrospective study in a non-university teaching hospital was performed of hospitalized patients (≥18 years) who received an initial DOAC prescription between February and August 2018. Appropriateness of prescribing was evaluated on eight criteria by using a modified version of the Medication Appropriateness Index (MAI).RESULTS: A total of 770 initial DOAC prescriptions of inpatients were evaluated: 267 patients (34.6%) had at least met one inappropriate criterion for a DOAC prescription. The most frequent inappropriate criterion was 'dosage' (17.4%). Of all the four DOACs, dabigatran (21.6%) and apixaban (21.2%) were mostly inappropriate dosed. In a multivariable analysis, reduced renal function (eGFR < 50 mL/min) (OR=2.35; p<0.001), a diagnosis of atrial fibrillation (OR=1.87; p=0.004), and 'prescribed by surgeons' (OR=1.9; p=0.013) were independently associated with inappropriateness of prescribing.CONCLUSION: This study has highlighted a high degree of inappropriate prescribing of DOACs. These results underline the need for targeted interventions to improve DOAC prescribing.

This paper investigates the application of the Partly Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (PEEMD), Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) on signal processing, attribute reduction and pattern recognition. On this basis, a novel method for mechanical faulty diagnosis based on PEEMD, PCA and SVM is presented, which utilizes the PEEMD to extract faulty feature parameters from the statistical characteristics of intrinsic mode functions to constitute feature vectors, and then makes the attribute reduction by PCA method to obtain the key features, lastly these key features are input into GA-optimized SVM to accomplish faulty pattern recognition. The experimental results of the proposed method to fault diagnosis of the rolling bearing and stern bearing on marine propulsion shaft system show that this method can extract the faulty features, which have better classification ability and at the same time reduce the computation complexity significantly, accordingly improve the classifier efficiency and achieve a better classification performance.

Effects of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Glomus tortuosum on carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) metabolism of Zea mays L. grown under low-temperature stress was investigated. Maize plants inoculated or not inoculated with AM fungus were grown in a growth chamber at 258C for 4 weeks and subsequently subjected to two temperature treatments (158C, low temperature; 258C, ambient control) for 2 weeks. Low-temperature stress significantly decreasedAMcolonisation, plant height and biomass. TotalNcontent and activities of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase and glutamate pyruvate transaminase of AM plants were higher than those of non-AM plants. AM plants had a higher net photosynthetic rate (Pn) than non-AM plants, although low temperature inhibited the Pn. Compared with non-AM plants, AM plants exhibited higher leaf soluble sugars, reducing sugars, root sucrose and fructose contents, and sucrose phosphate synthase and amylase activities at low temperature. Moreover, low-temperature stress increased theC :Nratio in the leaves of maize plants, and AM colonisation decreased the root C :N ratio. These results suggested a difference in the C and N metabolism of maize plants at ambient and low temperature regimes. AM symbiosis modulated C metabolic enzymes, thereby inducing an accumulation of soluble sugars, which may have contributed to an increased tolerance to low temperature, and therefore higher Pn in maize plants.

According to the nonstationary characteristics of rolling element bearing fault vibration signal, a fault diagnosis method of rolling element bearings based on Complementary Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition and support machine vector is proposed. The method consists of three stages. Firstly, CEEMD is used to decompose the rolling element bearings signal into several IMFs. Then, the IMF components containing main fault information was selected for constructing the faulty characteristic vector. Secondly, PCA is used to reduce the feature vector dimensions. Finally, the GA-optimized SVM is employed for rolling element bearings fault diagnosis. The presented method is applied to the fault diagnosis of rolling element bearings, and testing results show that the GA-optimized SVM can reliably separate different fault conditions, which has a better classification performance compared to the BP neural networks.

This paper investigates the application of the Partly Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (PEEMD), Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) on signal processing, attribute reduction and pattern recognition. On this basis, a novel method for mechanical faulty diagnosis based on PEEMD, PCA and SVM is presented, which utilizes the PEEMD to extract faulty feature parameters from the statistical characteristics of intrinsic mode functions to constitute feature vectors, and then makes the attribute reduction by PCA method to obtain the key features, lastly these key features are input into GA-optimized SVM to accomplish faulty pattern recognition. The experimental results of the proposed method to fault diagnosis of the rolling bearing and stern bearing on marine propulsion shaft system show that this method can extract the faulty features, which have better classification ability and at the same time reduce the computation complexity significantly, accordingly improve the classifier efficiency and achieve a better classification performance.

Joan Flasch Artists' Book Collection

Zhu Xian Lun., Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1991., Includes bibliographical references (leaves 83-103)., ACKNOWLEDGEMENT --- p.1, p.2, Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.4, Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- TREATMENT METHODS OF INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSMS OTHER THAN CLIPPING --- p.6, Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- EXPERIMENTAL ANEURYSM MODELS --- p.24, Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- A SUITABLE ANEURYSM MODEL FOR THE STUDY --- p.30, Introduction, Materials and methods --- p.31, Results --- p.37, Discussion --- p.46, Conclusion --- p.56, Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- REINFORCEMENT AND FILLING TREATMENT IN EXPERIMENTAL ANEURYSMS --- p.57, Introduction, Materials and methods --- p.58, Results --- p.63, Discussion --- p.71, Conclusion --- p.77, Chapter CHARTER 6 --- SUMMARY --- p.79, Chapter APPENDIX I --- REFERENCES --- p.83, Chapter APPENDIX II --- TABLES --- p.104, Chapter APPENDX III --- FIGURES --- p.115, http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5887030, Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Zhu Xian Lun., Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1991., Includes bibliographical references (leaves 83-103)., ACKNOWLEDGEMENT --- p.1, p.2, Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.4, Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- TREATMENT METHODS OF INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSMS OTHER THAN CLIPPING --- p.6, Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- EXPERIMENTAL ANEURYSM MODELS --- p.24, Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- A SUITABLE ANEURYSM MODEL FOR THE STUDY --- p.30, Introduction, Materials and methods --- p.31, Results --- p.37, Discussion --- p.46, Conclusion --- p.56, Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- REINFORCEMENT AND FILLING TREATMENT IN EXPERIMENTAL ANEURYSMS --- p.57, Introduction, Materials and methods --- p.58, Results --- p.63, Discussion --- p.71, Conclusion --- p.77, Chapter CHARTER 6 --- SUMMARY --- p.79, Chapter APPENDIX I --- REFERENCES --- p.83, Chapter APPENDIX II --- TABLES --- p.104, Chapter APPENDX III --- FIGURES --- p.115, http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5887030, Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

The effect of anode grooving on the operating conditions of Al electrolytic cells was studied, and industrial experiments was conducted using 300 kA pre-roasting anode cells at the Yichuan Second Aluminum Plant. A cutting machine was used to produce grooves 1 550 mm long, 10 mm deep and 260 mm wide. The results show that anode grooving resulted in lower anode overvoltage, increased current efficiency and reduced power consumption., The effect of anode grooving on the operating conditions of Al electrolytic cells was studied, and industrial experiments was conducted using 300 kA pre-roasting anode cells at the Yichuan Second Aluminum Plant. A cutting machine was used to produce grooves 1 550 mm long, 10 mm deep and 260 mm wide. The results show that anode grooving resulted in lower anode overvoltage, increased current efficiency and reduced power consumption.

The removal of tungsten (W) and vanadium (V) from molybdate solutions was studied using the polyhydroxyl chelating resin D403 in batch and column experiments. The batch experiments indicated that tungsten and vanadium could be preferentially adsorbed by the D403 resin for 4 h in molybdate solution at a pH of approximately 9.25. Separation factors, aMoV and aMoW, were above 45 and 18, respectively, when the molar ratios of Mo/V and Mo/W in the solution exceeded 40. Elution tests illustrated that vanadium and tungsten could be easily eluted from the resin with 1 mol/l sodium hydroxide solution in only 1 h. To further explore the sorption mechanism of the resin, the experimental equilibrium isotherm data of the three metals fitted well with the Freundlich model. The column experiments confirmed the adaptability of the D403 resin in the production of sodium molybdate with a removal rate of tungsten surpassing 90% and that of vanadium of 99.4%. (Authors.), The removal of tungsten (W) and vanadium (V) from molybdate solutions was studied using the polyhydroxyl chelating resin D403 in batch and column experiments. The batch experiments indicated that tungsten and vanadium could be preferentially adsorbed by the D403 resin for 4 h in molybdate solution at a pH of approximately 9.25. Separation factors, aMoV and aMoW, were above 45 and 18, respectively, when the molar ratios of Mo/V and Mo/W in the solution exceeded 40. Elution tests illustrated that vanadium and tungsten could be easily eluted from the resin with 1 mol/l sodium hydroxide solution in only 1 h. To further explore the sorption mechanism of the resin, the experimental equilibrium isotherm data of the three metals fitted well with the Freundlich model. The column experiments confirmed the adaptability of the D403 resin in the production of sodium molybdate with a removal rate of tungsten surpassing 90% and that of vanadium of 99.4%. (Authors.)

A damaged industrial 140 kA centre-fed prebake cell was cut away for samples, from whose composition and phases the mode of cathode failure was studied and a chemical reaction model set up. It was concluded that the sodium carbonate product of a thermite reaction is the main cause of swelling and exfoliation. Precipitation of Na must therefore be kept to a minimum and the carbon lining should be controlled at a temperature of no less than 900 degrees to create conditions under which no Na intercalation compounds can exist; efforts must be made to maintain an 850 degree C solid-phase isotherm in the refractory brick layer at the bottom of the carbon blocks. A number of other reactions are also described. The use of novel materials such as anti-seep slip refractory, dry-barrier refractory, C-SiC composite lining and C-TiB cathode block can greatly extend cell life by reducing lining failure and bottom bulging., A damaged industrial 140 kA centre-fed prebake cell was cut away for samples, from whose composition and phases the mode of cathode failure was studied and a chemical reaction model set up. It was concluded that the sodium carbonate product of a thermite reaction is the main cause of swelling and exfoliation. Precipitation of Na must therefore be kept to a minimum and the carbon lining should be controlled at a temperature of no less than 900 degrees to create conditions under which no Na intercalation compounds can exist; efforts must be made to maintain an 850 degree C solid-phase isotherm in the refractory brick layer at the bottom of the carbon blocks. A number of other reactions are also described. The use of novel materials such as anti-seep slip refractory, dry-barrier refractory, C-SiC composite lining and C-TiB cathode block can greatly extend cell life by reducing lining failure and bottom bulging.

A description is given of the fused salt electrolysis and ferrosilicon thermal reduction processes for the production of Mg. Problems are discussed relating to the dehydration of MgCl2.6H2O, the presence of impurities in metallic Mg, safety aspects in the electrolytic production route and energy consumption and environmental issues associated with the Pidgeon process. A method is described for producing Al-Mg master alloys by the direct electrolysis of MgO., A description is given of the fused salt electrolysis and ferrosilicon thermal reduction processes for the production of Mg. Problems are discussed relating to the dehydration of MgCl2.6H2O, the presence of impurities in metallic Mg, safety aspects in the electrolytic production route and energy consumption and environmental issues associated with the Pidgeon process. A method is described for producing Al-Mg master alloys by the direct electrolysis of MgO.