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The article talks about the consolidated bank note (CBN) issue of the Irish free State and presents an analysis of the surviving bank notes focusing on interest of collectors and numismatists for Ploughman CBN, circulation of paper money by banks in Ireland, and analysis of rarity of bank notes.

The article presents a history of the issuance of banknotes in Ireland as of early 2016, particularly the importance of a date of issue and a serial number, as well as the creation of the Bank of Ireland on May 10, 1783.

A study conducted by the National College of Ireland explores the use of digital mental health technologies and the potential impact of surveillance capitalism on these platforms. The research highlights the need for reliable and scalable mental health care, but also raises concerns about the extraction and commercialization of mental health data by big tech companies. The study examines the terms, conditions, and practices of ten popular mental health apps and argues that real value for society cannot be achieved if power, politics, and profits remain in the hands of these companies. The paper calls for attention to be given to promoting democracy and public value in digital mental health solutions. [Extracted from the article]

Users interact with digital systems with some underlying tasks in their minds. In our research scope, a task can be either single or multi-staged. A single-staged task is associated with a single information need, whereas a multi-staged one is associated with more than one information needs. An example of a single-staged task is suggesting related papers to an author while they are writing a section of the research papers. An example of a multi-staged task is planning for a vacation, where the different underlying information needs could be 'places to visit', 'booking accommodation' etc. In the process of accomplishing their task objectives, a user often needs to interact with an information retrieval (IR) system to address one or more information needs. For instance, for writing a research paper on a chosen topic, a user needs to look for existing research work related to the topic. Traditional IR systems do not take into account a user's task intent while showing search results to the user. In our work, we propose a methodology towards developing next generation IR systems (i.e. proactive IR systems) which seek to anticipate the task intent of a user from their interactions with digital systems in order to proactively suggest potentially relevant information sources to assist them to complete their tasks. Specifically speaking, in this PhD, we proposed an embedding approach that captures the task semantics from the interactions of a user with a digital system (e.g. laptop, desktop, smartphone etc.). The proposed embedding approach is then applied for the downstream tasks of providing proactive suggestions in both single and multi staged scenarios. For the single-staged task, we propose a simulation setup to simulate a user's reading and writing interactions in a desktop environment. For the multi-staged task, we focus on web search sessions where a user can have multiple information needs corresponding to a search task. We also proposed a reproducible evaluation framework to compare between different proactive suggestion models. Awarded by: Dublin City University, Ireland on 10 August 2021. Supervised by: Gareth Jones. Available at: https://procheta.github.io/sprocheta/Thesis.pdf. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A scoping review conducted by researchers at the University of Limerick in Ireland explored the use of virtual reality (VR) in palliative care. The review identified 10 papers published between 2019 and 2021 that examined the use of VR with patients receiving palliative care. The evidence suggests that VR is feasible, acceptable, and usable in this context, but there is limited research on the impact of VR on patient outcomes. The researchers concluded that while VR shows promise as an intervention in palliative care, further research is needed to understand its effects on biopsychosocial patient outcomes and determine the best approach for measuring its effectiveness. [Extracted from the article]

Anguillicoloides crassus is an invasive nematode parasite of the critically endangered European eel, Anguilla anguilla, and possibly one of the primary drivers of eel population collapse, impacting many features of eel physiology and life history. Early detection of the parasite is vital to limit the spread of A. crassus, to assess its potential impact on spawning biomass. However accurate diagnosis of infection could only be achieved via necropsy. To support eel fisheries management we developed a rapid, non-lethal, minimally invasive and in situ DNA-based method to infer the presence of the parasite in the swim bladder. Screening of 131 wild eels was undertaken between 2017 and 2019 in Ireland and UK to validate the procedure. DNA extractions and PCR were conducted using both a Qiagen Stool kit and in situ using Whatman qualitative filter paper No1 and a miniPCR DNA Discovery-System™. Primers were specifically designed to target the cytochrome oxidase mtDNA gene region and in situ extraction and amplification takes approximately 3 h for up to 16 individuals. Our in-situ diagnostic procedure demonstrated positive predictive values at 96% and negative predictive values at 87% by comparison to necropsy data. Our method could be a valuable tool in the hands of fisheries managers to enable infection control and help protect this iconic but critically endangered species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The position paper outlining Ireland's options was produced after the government's repeated warnings that much of the soaring tax receipts paid by corporations may constitute a "windfall" that won't necessarily be repeated. (Bloomberg) -- Ireland will channel billions of euros worth of corporation tax receipts into a sovereign wealth fund to help pay for future costs such as an aging population, the country's finance ministry said on Wednesday. [Extracted from the article]

The document provides updates and news from various numismatic societies in Scotland, England, and Ireland. The Banknote Society of Scotland recently held a meeting with presentations on Dundee banknotes and the Canadian bank scene. The Crewe Society will be hosting a Spring Coin Fair in May, and the Yorkshire Numismatic Society had a presentation on the circulation of silver coins. The Wiltshire Numismatic Society has an upcoming meeting with a talk on Summer Olympic Games coins, and the Numismatic Society of Ireland has a meeting scheduled with speakers on books and catalogues. [Extracted from the article]

In this paper, $H_\infty $ control problem is investigated by off-policy integral reinforcement learning (IRL) method for the nonlinear systems with completely unknown dynamics, disturbances, and constrained-input. Firstly, according to a model-based policy iteration (PI) algorithm, a model-free algorithm is proposed based on the derived iterative equation, and the equivalence of model-based PI algorithm and model-free algorithm is proven. Then, the model-free algorithm is implemented by off-policy IRL technology to solve the Hamilton-Jacobi-Isaacs (HJI) equation with the collected system data by the least-square approach, where three neural networks (NNs) are constructed to approximate the value function, control and the disturbance. Finally, our proposed methods are applied to stabilize an autonomous third-order Chua’s chaotic circuit system and a non-autonomous second-order memristive chaotic circuit system to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the parallel struggles for independence in Ireland and Ukraine between 1914 and 1921, examining their interactions and the contrasting attitudes of Russia and Britain toward these nations. Topics include the admiration for Ukraine's independence by Irish nationalists, the shared experiences of being politically alienated provinces within larger empires, and the complex dynamics between the emerging states and their former imperial rulers.

The article focuses on two case studies from Queen's University Belfast: the institutional theses repository & the Northern Ireland Official Publications Archive. Topics include the decision to use Pure as platform for the theses repository due to its familiarity & ease of use; challenges faced in metadata capture & functionality issues; and the development of the Northern Ireland Official Publications Archive using open-source software DSpace to address unique needs & enhance discoverability.

This article from History Ireland examines the concept of "whiteness" in Ireland after gaining independence. It acknowledges that Irish leaders and public discourse often perpetuated racist attitudes and language, while also recognizing that overt racism was viewed as un-Irish by many in Irish society. The article also explores the complex relationship between Irish Americans and African Americans, with some Irish Americans either ignoring or supporting Jim Crow segregation in the United States. It presents a nuanced view of racism in Ireland, acknowledging its presence while also highlighting instances of anti-colonialism and admiration for individual African Americans. The article emphasizes the importance of acknowledging and addressing the legacies of racial exclusion in both the US and Ireland. [Extracted from the article]

The article offers information on the Kilkenny City in Ireland which serves as a cultural venue and tourist destination featuring Kilkenny Castle, St. Canice's Cathedral and round tower and the historic Rothe House, along with wide range of industries including food and dairy, brewing and pharmaceutical. Topics discussed include existence of Catholic baptism and marriage records, presence of several transcribed and indexed gravestones inscriptions, and collection of estate papers and rentals.

Frank Barry's book, "Industry and Policy in Independent Ireland, 1922-1972," examines the ownership and development of major businesses in the southern Irish economy during this period. The book explores the influence of sectarianism on Irish business and the role of the predominantly Protestant and unionist business elite. Barry also discusses the cautious fiscal approach adopted by the new state, influenced by the outlook of the London Treasury. The book highlights the impact of international competition and the dismantling of protectionism on the business environment and sectarian mindset. Despite disappointing economic growth, the policy of attracting foreign investment and EU membership eventually provided an escape from vested interests. The sectors targeted by foreign multinationals have remained major export sectors, and indigenous businesses have also prospered. Barry suggests that the emergence of new, export-oriented indigenous businesses is a project for the future. [Extracted from the article]

Most multinationals operating in Ireland do so because they can "take advantage of a very able, educated workforce and friendly business environment that goes well beyond taxes", Yellen said in an interview with the paper. (Bloomberg) -- U.S. Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen said Ireland's economy has moved beyond its 12.5% corporate tax rate being an important competitive advantage, and now lures businesses with a range of other factors, the Business Post reported. [Extracted from the article]

• A surrogate model based on IRL is suggested, which applies the max-margin method to approximate the reward function. • Under different dynamic environments, IRL learns the reward function and helps accelerate the convergence of the algorithm. • On the basis of learned reward function, IRL-DMOEA generates promising non-dominated solutions during the evolutionary process. Due to the widespread interest in dynamic multiobjective optimization in real-world applications, more and more approaches exploiting machine learning are deployed to tackle this type of problems. Unfortunately, recent works do not make full use of the data obtained during the optimization process, which could be benefit for model training thereby mining the dynamic characteristics of the underlying problem. To address this issue, this paper proposes a dynamic multiobjective evolutionary algorithm driven by inverse reinforcement learning to solve the dynamic multiobjective optimization problems. IRL is widely used to recover the unknown reward function, making it possible to perform at an expert level. The notable features of the proposed algorithm mainly consist of data-driven evolutionary technique, which uses inverse reinforcement learning as a surrogate-assisted model for model training. This design makes full use of the surrogate management strategy based on inverse reinforcement learning to optimize the reward function within a reinforcement learning framework. At the same time, the algorithm can generate a promising policy based on limited training data during the optimization process to achieve better algorithm evolution and guide the search. The experimental results on the benchmark problems validate that the proposed algorithm is effective in dealing with dynamic multiobjective optimization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the author's experience at the London Bloomsbury Coin Fair and their purchase of a three crowns groat of Henry VII struck in Waterford. The coin is described as slightly damaged but still readable. The article provides information on the design and symbolism of the coin, as well as its historical context and chronology. It also discusses the debate surrounding the name "EDWARDVS" on the coins and the significance of the three crowns symbol. The text further delves into the origins and symbolism of the three crowns heraldic charge, suggesting that it may have been inspired by the legend of the translation of the relics of the Three Magi by Helen of Colchester. The appearance of three crowns on the arms of King Arthur and King Edmund, as well as its use in other European dynastic arms and the papal tiara, is also mentioned. The significance of the number three and the crown symbol itself is explored, with the conclusion that further research is needed to fully understand the meaning and origins of the three crowns charge. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses Thomas Orde-Powlett, an English politician who served as chief secretary of Ireland from 1784 to 1787. Orde-Powlett was known for his work in the educational arena and was the first to design a national system of education for Ireland. He recognized the flaws in the existing charter school system and proposed a comprehensive plan for education in Ireland, including the establishment of parish schools, vocational schools, diocesan schools, academies, and possibly a university for Ulster. While Orde-Powlett's plan was never fully implemented, it laid the groundwork for future educational reforms in Ireland. [Extracted from the article]

BVM, official distributor for Seiko Instruments' printer mechanisms and portable printers for the U.K. and Ireland, has announced the CAPM347, a 24VDC thermal print and cut unit designed for use in ticketing and vending machines, receipt printing, lottery terminals, ATMs... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Michael McGrath, minister for finance in Ireland, has brought a proposal to the Cabinet to ensure access to ATMs through the Access to Cash Bill. With this bill, the Central Bank would require banks to provide ATMs in areas where... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A patent has been issued for redundant traces in flexible circuits used in an energy delivery device. The device emits high frequency electromagnetic energy to treat skin tissue by heating it and causing collagen to contract and tighten. The flexible circuit in the device includes an electronic component and multiple traces that provide parallel current paths, enhancing reliability and preventing trace failure. This invention aims to improve the performance and longevity of energy delivery devices used in treating various skin conditions. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at University College Cork in Ireland examined the relationship between alcohol consumption per capita (APC) and the prevalence of alcohol use during pregnancy. The study aimed to determine if APC data could accurately predict the prevalence of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) in different countries. The researchers conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on PAE and fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and found a statistically significant correlation between the prevalence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy and APC. The study suggests that publicly available APC data can be used to predict the population-based prevalence of alcohol use during pregnancy, highlighting the need for effective policies and interventions to reduce alcohol consumption during pregnancy and its associated negative health outcomes for children. [Extracted from the article]

A biography is presented of Samuel Neilson, a Presbyterian, founding member of the Irish nationalist organisation Society of United Irishmen and founder of Irish newspaper the "Northern Star." He was born in Ballyroney, County Down, Ireland on September 17, 1761 and received a liberal education in the arts and mathematics. Particular focus is given to his role in the Irish Rebellion of 1798.

The article briefly describes the Boyle family archive known the Lismore Papers and states that the papers are located in the National Library of Ireland and the Chatsworth House in Derbyshire, Ireland.

This paper presents new data for historical vein-hosted copper sulfide deposits in the Late Paleozoic Munster and South Munster basins of SW Ireland. Detailed mapping, 3D modelling, fluid inclusion microthermometry and geochronology from the Allihies area of the Beara Peninsula have led to a new interpretation of the timing and development of ore mineralization. Macro- and microstructural studies reveal that the ore-bearing, mainly east-west-striking quartz veins are directly related to early extensional, basinal normal faults. Molybdenite Re-Os dating of the main-stage Cu lode yields ages from 367.3 ± 5.5 to 366.4 ± 1.9 Ma. This early vein system experienced subsequent late Carboniferous Variscan deformation, including cleavage development, sinistral SW-NE strike-slip faulting, cataclastic deformation and recrystallization. The new timing of Cu mineralization in SW Ireland has major implications for its relationship to the base metal deposits of the Irish Midlands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In inverse reinforcement learning (IRL), a reward function is learnt to generalize experts' behavior. This paper proposes a model-free IRL algorithm based on an ensemble method, where the reward function is regarded as a parametric function of expected features. In other words, the parameters are updated based on a weak classification method. The IRL is formulated as a problem of a boosting classifier, akin to the renowned Adaboost algorithm for classification, feature expectations from experts' demonstration, and the trajectory induced by an agent's current policy. The proposed approach takes individual feature expectation as attractor or expeller, depending on the sign of the residuals of the state trajectories between expert's demonstration and the one induced by RL with the currently approximated reward function, so as to tackle its central challenges of accurate inference, generalizability, and correctness of prior knowledge. Then, the proposed method is applied further to approximate an abstract reward function from observations of more complex behavior composed of several basic actions. The results of the simulations in a labyrinth are shown to validate the proposed algorithm. Furthermore, behaviors composed of a set of primitive actions on a soccer robot field are examined for the applicability of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scheidt & Bachmann Fare Collection Systems, a provider of fare collection systems, has chosen Transaction Network Services to provide payment gateway services for approximately 4,000 ticket vending machines which serve the U.K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

David's story Belfast-born David Ralph is also searching for answers and for surviving family members. Up front Dympna McGuire walked past the imposing red brick building with its tall arched windows, slate roof and spire, and suddenly felt waves of nausea rising from the pit of her stomach. Nora died in 1999 in an agedcare home in Dublin - three years before Dympna returned to Ireland for the first time. Clockwise: David with adoptive father Eugene Ralph; he spent seven years in a boy's home; with wife Patricia; David as a prison officer. [Extracted from the article]

A Little History On June 30, 1922, in the early days of Ireland's Civil War, Dublin's Four Courts building came under bombardment. (Image accessed at https://beyond2022.ie/) PHOTO (BLACK & WHITE): The frightful scene on June 30, 1922, at Dublin's Four Courts Building, as the Record Treasury was destroyed. Right on schedule - the Virtual Record Treasury of Ireland website was launched at the end of June at https://beyond2022.ie. [Extracted from the article]

Views RECENTLY, I was giving a tour of the University of New Hampshire's department of physics and astronomy to a guest who isn't a scientist. This is where theorists come in, to try to figure out the mechanisms through which CMEs affect our planet's magnetic field and the region of space where it is typically the dominant magnetic field, the magnetosphere. Because of its electromagnetic properties, the magnetosphere changes how charged atomic ions behave, and there is a layer of the upper atmosphere called the ionosphere that is comprised entirely of ions. [Extracted from the article]

(Bloomberg) -- Ireland will channel up to €90 billion ($99 billion) worth of corporation tax receipts and budget surpluses into a sovereign wealth fund to help pay for future costs such as an aging population, the country's finance ministry said on Wednesday. Ireland Plans €90 Billion Wealth Fund as Corporate Tax Soars A combination of a large budgetary surplus, Ireland's exposure to volatile corporation-tax payments and "major fiscal costs" coming down the line make such a fund necessary, Finance Minister Michael McGrath said in the report. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the significance of the estate of Richard Boyle, the first earl of Cork, Ireland, and a research project known as "The Colonial Landscapes of Richard Boyle" project at University College Cork. The article examines the project's focus upon Boyle's land acquisitions across Ireland and accumulation of wealth, whether corruption was involved in Boyle's acquisitions, and the influence of Boyle upon Munster, Ireland.