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This paper provides quasi-experimental evidence on the long-term causal effect of increases in human capital on participation in agriculture. We use variation in male educational attainment generated by Indonesia's Sekolah Dasar INPRES program, one of the largest ever school building programs. Consistent with the first evaluation [Duflo, 2001], we find that males exposed to a higher program intensity have improved measures of human capital as adults. We then show that treated cohorts are more likely to be employed outside of agriculture-particularly in industry-and less likely to be agricultural workers. Then, exploiting variation in exposure across adjacent districts, we demonstrate that higher INPRES intensity in neighboring districts decreases non-agricultural employment and earnings, consistent with cross-district spillovers mediating the total impacts. Together, the results suggest that government investment in human capital can have profound effects on the rural economy and may help to accelerate shifts away from agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study conducted by Kobe University in Japan traced the dominant HIV variant in Indonesia back to Thailand. The researchers analyzed blood samples from individuals infected with HIV-1 in Indonesia and found that all of the viruses belonged to a strain called "CRF01_AE," which was first identified in Thailand. The study also revealed that the virus was introduced to Indonesia at least three different times, sometimes through other countries like Vietnam and Laos. The findings provide valuable insights for the development of treatments against the disease and highlight the importance of monitoring viral genome genetic information in endemic areas. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at University College London (UCL) explores the role of schools and teachers in supporting adolescent girls after a major disaster in Indonesia. The study found that schools can serve as places of recovery for students, but also identified aspects of the post-disaster school environment that heightened students' sense of risk. The researchers recommend resilience-building measures, such as providing relevant training for teachers. The study highlights the need for a student perspective in understanding the role of schools and teachers in post-disaster contexts. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses efforts by universities in South East Asian countries such as Singapore, Malaysia, and Indonesia to compete with top-ranked universities in the United States. Topics addressed include concerns about rapid expansion of higher education systems in Malaysia and Indonesia, as well as Singapore's status as having one of the top ranked higher education systems in the world.

The article discusses the "Concept Note" program of the Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID) conducted by Simon Marginson and Emmaline Bexley at the University of Melbourne. It says that the development challenge faced by Indonesia to become a knowledge-based society is the basic argument in the "Note." It adds that the complain of philosopher John Dewey regarding the impact of inquiry on morality was exemplified in the Note.

The article presents a summary of education research journals published in 2011. Volume 32, issue 5 of the periodical "British Journal of Sociology of Education" focuses on critical theory and religion in schools. Volume 19, issue 4 of the journal "Education Economics" includes an article that examines the cost of public primary education in Indonesia. Vol. 31, issue 6 of the periodical "Educational Psychology" includes a piece on self-concept and effort in students.