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On a winding, forested road in small-town southern Maine, a machining operation born in a garage produces parts for some of America's most advanced defense systems. Not just any parts, [...]

A reuse fabrication module using micro electroetching as a precision machining process with a new design of a slant-form tool to remove the defective indium-tin-oxide (ITO) nanostructure from the optical poly-ethyleneterephthalate (PET) surfaces of digital paper display is presented in current studies. The low yield of ITO thin film deposition is an important factor in optoelectronic semiconductor production. The adopted precision reuse process requires only a short period of time to remove the ITO nanostructure easily and cleanly, which is based on technical and economical considerations and is highly efficient. In the current experiment, a large inclined angle of the cathode and a small end radius of the anode take less time for the same amount of ITO removal. A higher feed rate of the optical PET diaphragm combines with enough electric power to drive fast micro electroetching. A small rotational diameter of the anode accompanied by a small width of the cathode corresponds to a higher removal rate for the ITO nanostructure. A pulsed direct current can improve the effect of dreg discharge and is advantageous to couple this current with the fast feed rate of the workpiece. This improvement is associated with an increase in current rating. High rotational speed of the slant-form tool can improve the effect of dregs discharge and is advantageous to associate with the fast feed rate of the workpiece (optical PET diaphragm). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

ADVANCED CERAMICS AdTech Ceramics Advanced Ceramic Technology Akron Porcelain & Plastics Co. Astro Met Inc., Advanced Ceramics AVEKA Ceradyne Inc., a 3M company * Ceramic Solutions Inc. * CoorsTek Du-Co [...]

The article offers information on Home Bakery Virtuoso Plus Breadmaker from Zojirushi.

Purpose: The great value of offline identification of machine parameters is when the machine manufacturer does not provide its parameters. Most machine control strategies require parameter values, and some circumstances in the industrial sector only require offline identification. This paper aims to present a new offline method for estimating induction motor parameters based on least squares and a salp swarm algorithm (SSA). Design/methodology/approach: The central concept is to use the classic least squares (LS) method to acquire the majority of induction machine (IM) constant parameters, followed by the SSA method to obtain all parameters and minimize errors. Findings: The obtained results showed that the LS method gives good results in simulation based on the assumption that the measurements are noise-free. However, unlike in simulations, the LS method is unable to accurately identify the machine's parameters during the experimental test. On the contrary, the SSA method proves higher efficiency and more precision for IM parameter estimation in both simulations and experimental tests. Originality/value: After performing a primary identification using the technique of least squares, the initial intention of this study was to apply the SSA for the purpose of identifying all of the machine's parameters and minimizing errors. These two approaches use the same measurement from a simple running test of an IM, and they offer a quick processing time. Therefore, this combined offline strategy provides a reliable model based on the identified parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reports on the meeting about implementing lean manufacturing for flexos and diecutters, offered by the Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry. Tips suggest by the session; Speaker. Contact information.

Purpose: The thermal management of electrical insulations poses a challenge in electrical devices as electrical insulators are also thermal insulators. Diamond is the best solid electrical insulator and thermal conductor. This can lead to a paradigm change for electrical machine winding and lamination insulation design and thermal management. The paper introduces these techniques and discusses its effect for the design of electrical machines and its potential consequences for electromagnetic analysis, for example, in multi-physics modelling. The diamond winding insulation is patent-pending, but the diamond enriched lamination insulation is published for the benefit of the scientific community. Design/methodology/approach: The windings of electrical machines are insulated to avoid contact between the coil and other conductive components, for example, the stator core. The principle of using mica tape and resin impregnation has not changed for a century and is well established to produce main insulation on a complex conductor shape and size. These insulations have poor heat-conducting properties. Similarly, the insulation of laminated steel sheets comprising the stator and rotor restrict heat flow. Diamond-based insulation provides a new path. Increased thermal conductivity means reduced temperature rise and the reduced thermal time constants in multi-physics simulations and system analysis. Findings: The largest benefit of a diamond-based core insulation is in electrical machines in which the losses are conducted axially to the coolant. These are machines with radial ducts and effective cooling in the end regions. The main benefit will be in reducing the number of radial ducts that positively affect the size, production costs and the copper losses of the machine. The increased thermal conductivity of the diamond insulation system will reduce the thermal constants noticeably. These will affect system behavior and the corresponding simulation methods. Originality/value: Diamond insulation can lead to a paradigm change for electrical machine winding and lamination insulation design and thermal management. It might also lead to new modeling requirements in system analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Features Whether it's taking delivery of your first cabinet saw, upgrading to a bigger planer, or splurging for that floor-standing drill press - or all three - many of us can identify with the joy of getting a big power tool. If you wind up having to move a machine yourself without a pallet jack, consider unpacking the crate and carrying the parts to their final location. If you do have to move the crate, fingers crossed you have a pallet jack, or access to one. [Extracted from the article]

Nowadays, the telecommunications industry demands more and more from companies to be able to adapt to new technologies, trends and customer requirements, in many cases, this adaptability proves to be essential for business survival. In this context, the necessity to change cable designs becomes a challenge to the manufacturers, as they need to maintain the product quality (according to current standards like TIA-568-C.2 [1] and IEC 11801 [2]) and meet the market expectations. These changesaffect directly in the manufacturing process because the quality of the f nal product depends on many factors, for example, machines conditions, different types of machines and the way that the product passes through the production line. Depending on the conditions of the manufacturer plant, some processes are more important than others, however, the interactions (or combinations) of these processes can be the real problem for the cable quality. Due to this issue, this paper has the objective to use statistical tools to fir.d the best combination of processes, in other words, to develop a fill, factorial experiment of cable manufacturing processing. This analysis consists in use of ANOVA, interactions plot and main effects plot to verily three processes: (1) Insulation - with combination of two machines -, (2) Pairing - with two different machine type -, and (3) Winding - with two different types of machines. The influence of these processes (and their factors) will be measured in four electrical parameters in LAN cables (Return loss, NEXT and ACRF). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

WEDM is used in machining conductive materials where it is required to obtained complicated and intricate shapes with high accuracy. Various applications are in the field of automobile, medical industries, aerospace etc. WEDM is an economical machining option with short product development cycle. Surface roughness, kerf width, Material removal rate, Recast layer hardness and surface microhardness in WEDM are most important responses. In this paper, effect of varied Wire tension on SR, KW, MRR, RCL hardness and surface microhardness on AISI 304 have been investigated. Pulse on time, pulse off time, current and dielectric fluid are taken as fixed parameter. Results show that Wire tension influences the SR, MRR and Surface microhardness and has no effect on kerf width in case of Stainless steel 304. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Due to the increasing amount of high power density high-speed electrical machines, a detailed understanding of the consequences for the machine's operational behaviour and efficiency is necessary. Magnetic materials are prone to mechanical stress. Therefore, this paper aims to study the relation between the local mechanical stress distribution and magnetic properties such as magnetic flux density and iron losses. Design/methodology/approach: In this paper, different approaches for equivalent mechanical stress criteria are analysed with focus on their applicability in electrical machines. Resulting machine characteristics such as magnetic flux density distribution or iron are compared. Findings: The study shows a strong influence on the magnetic flux density distribution when considering the magneto-elastic effect for all analysed models. The influence on the iron loss is smaller due to a high amount of stress-independent eddy current loss component. Originality/value: The understanding of the influence of mechanical stress on dimensions of electrical machines is important to obtain an accurate machine design. In this paper, the discussion on different equivalent stress approaches allows a new perspective for considering the magneto-elastic effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to present a comparison between reluctance synchronous machine-enabling work at high internal temperature (HT° machine) with laminated and solid rotor. Design/methodology/approach: To obtain heat sources for the thermal model, calculations of the electromagnetic field were made using the Opera 3D program including effect of rotation and the resulting eddy current losses. To analyse the thermal phenomenon, the 3D coupled thermal-fluid (CFD) model is used. Findings: The presented results show clearly that laminated construction is much better from a point of view of efficiency and temperature. However, solid construction can be interesting for high speed machines due to their mechanical robustness. Research limitations/implications: The main problem, despite the use of parallel calculations, is the long calculation time. Practical implications: The obtained simulation and experimental results show the possibility of building a machine operating at a much higher ambient temperature than it was previously produced for example in the vicinity of the aircraft turbines. Originality/value: The paper presents the application of fully three-dimensional coupled electromagnetic and thermal analysis of new machine constructions designed for elevated temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Universal memcomputing machines (UMMs) represent a novel computational model in which memory (time nonlocality) accomplishes both tasks of storing and processing of information. UMMs have been shown to be Turing-complete, namely, they can simulate any Turing machine. In this paper, we first introduce a novel set theory approach to compare different computational models and use it to recover the previous results on Turing-completeness of UMMs. We then relate UMMs directly to liquid-state machines (or “reservoir-computing”) and quantum machines (“quantum computing”). We show that UMMs can simulate both types of machines, hence they are both “liquid-” or “reservoir-complete” and “quantum-complete.” Of course, these statements pertain only to the type of problems these machines can solve and not to the amount of resources required for such simulations. Nonetheless, the set-theoretic method presented here provides a general framework which describes the relationship between any computational models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The thermal modelling of an electrical machine is difficult because the thermal behavior depends on its geometry, the used materials and its manufacturing process. In the paper, such a thermal model is used during the sizing process by optimization of a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). This paper aims to deal with the sensitivities of thermal parameters on temperatures inside the electrical machine to allow the assessment of the influence of thermal parameters that are hard to assess. Design/methodology/approach: A sensitivity analysis by Sobol indices is used to assess the sensitivities of the thermal parameters on electrical machine temperatures. As the optimization process needs fast computations, a lumped parameter thermal network (LPTN) is proposed for the thermal modelling of the machine, because of its fastness. This is also useful for the Sobol method that needs too many calls to this thermal model. This model is also used in a global model of a hybrid vehicle. Findings: The difficulty is the thermal modelling of the machine on the validity domain of the sizing problem. The Sobol indices allow to find where a modelling effort has to be carried out. Research limitations/implications: The Sobol indices have a significant value according to the number of calls of the model and their type (first-order, total, etc.). Therefore, the quality of the thermal sensitivity analysis is a compromise between computation times and modelling accuracy. Practical implications: Thermal modelling of an electrical machine in a sizing process by optimization. Originality/value: The use of Sobol indices for the sensitivity analysis of the thermal parameters of an electrical machine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to present an analytical method, which combines the complex permeance (CP) and the superposition concept, to predict the air-gap magnetic field distribution in surface-mounted permanent-magnet (SMPM) machines with eccentric air-gap. Design/methodology/approach: The superposition concept is used twice; first, to predict the magnetic field distribution in slot-less machine with eccentric air-gap, the machine is divided into a number of sections. Then, for each section, an equivalent air-gap length is determined, and the magnetic field distribution is predicted as a concentric machine model. The air-gap field in the slot-less machine with eccentricity can be combined from these concentric models. Second, the superposition concept is used to find the CP under eccentricity fault. At this end, the original machine is divided into a number of sections which may be different from the one for slot-less magnetic field prediction, and for each section, the CP is obtained by equivalent air-gap length of that section. Finally, the air-gap magnetic field distribution is predicted by multiplying the slot-less magnetic field distribution and the obtained CP. Findings: The radial and tangential components of the air-gap magnetic flux density are obtained using the proposed method analytically. The finite element analysis is used to validate the proposed method results, showing good agreements with the analytical results. Originality/value: This paper addresses the eccentricity fault impact upon the air-gap magnetic field distribution of SMPM machines. This is done by a combined analysis of the complex permeance (CP) method and the superposition concept. This contrasts to previous studies which have instead focused on the subdomain method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to show the proposed energy method for inductance calculation is valid for any number of poles, phases and any winding layout. Design/methodology/approach: A two-dimensional (2-D) analytical energy-based approach is presented to calculate self-inductances and mutual inductances of brushless surface-mounted permanent-magnet machines. Findings: The proposed calculation procedure is valid for brushless permanent-magnet machines with slotted or slotless stator structure. Comparisons between energy method and flux linkage method are presented based on simulation and experimental results. It shows that the energy method has an excellent agreement with the result obtained from finite element method (FEM) and experimental study. Originality/value: This paper compares energy-based method with flux linkage method and FEM for inductance calculations in slotless and slotted permanent-magnet motors. The relations for inductance calculation are presented which are obtained based on 2-D analytical representation of magnetic field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine entropy generation rate in the flow field due jet emanating from an annular nozzle and impinging on to a flat plate. Since the flow field changes with the geometric configuration of the annular nozzle, the influence of nozzle outer cone angle on the entropy generation rate is considered. Design/methodology/approach - The steady flow field pertinent to jet impingement on to a flat plate is modeled with appropriate boundary conditions. A control volume approach is introduced to discretize the governing equations of flow and to simulate the physical situation numerically. Entropy generation rate due to heat transfer and fluid friction is formulated. The resulting entropy equations are solved numerically. Findings - Thermodynamic irreversibility, which is quantified through entropy generation rate, gives insight into the thermodynamics losses in the flow system. Entropy generation rate is highly affected by the nozzle outer cone angle. In this case, increasing nozzle outer cone angle enhances the entropy generation rate, particularly due to fluid friction. Research limitations/implications - The predictions may be extended to include the nozzle area ratio and mass flow rate variation. Practical implications - The paper is a very useful source of physical information for improving nozzle design, particularly that which is used in a laser thick material cutting operation. It disseminates information for those working on both laser machining applications and entropy generation in flow systems. Originality/value - This paper discusses the physical issues related to the entropy generation rate and offers practical help to an individual starting out on an academic career. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present paper, the machine repair problem (MRP) with real-life scenarios is investigated, which plays a significant role in the manufacturing process, industries, production lines, etc. An M ∖ M ∖ 1 ∖ K machine repair problem with retrial attempts under admission control policy F -policy and machine's feedback is considered in which a single repairman is available to repair the failed machines. The recursive technique is applied to solve the mathematical model and establish the probability distributions for different states, which are further used to develop the performance indices. The parametric non-linear programming (P-NLP) technique is employed to develop the MRP with F -policy in a fuzzy environment using the trapezoidal and sigmoidal fuzzy numbers. Zadeh's extension principle and parametric non-linear programming technique help us to find the α -cuts of the developed performance predictors of MRP. We frame and minimize the total cost of the system. The harmony search method (HSM) and quasi-Newton method are implemented to achieve the total minimum cost of the system corresponding to the optimal repair rate, which helps the system managers in the formulation of business policies in industries, including the automobile sector. A numerical example is also given, which produces several tables and graphs that show the validity of the model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article highlights DMG MORI USA's Chicago Innovation Days 2024, focusing on the Machining Transformation (MX) framework with new technologies, including four new machines and advancements in automation and digital transformation.

In the mid-1990s, Major Tool & Machine (MTM) began a transformative journey that saw paper-based shopfloor processes scrapped in favor of a fully integrated electronic approach. The journey began with [...]

High precision industrial manipulators are widely demanded in precision machining and advanced manufacturing. To realize high precision trajectory tracking in task space, feedback plus model based feedforward control strategies are widely used in modern industrial manipulators. Furthermore, the accuracy of feedforward model determines the accuracy of trajectory tacking to a great extent, especially for elastic manipulators. In traditional feedforward controllers, the flexibilities out of the rotational plane are often neglected and thus the end-effector tracking performance can be degraded a lot. Therefore, an iterative flexibility compensation based feedforward controller is proposed to improve the end-effector trajectory tracking accuracy of industrial manipulators in this paper. First, the flexible deformations in all directions are described accurately by using the extended flexible joint model (EFJM) for industrial manipulators. Second, a feedforward controller is designed by using the dynamic inversion of EFJM. In the feedforward controller, an iterative flexibility compensation scheme is designed to transform the reference Cartesian trajectory into joint space and thus the limitation of the nonminimum phase characteristics of EFJM can be avoided. Moreover, the flexible deformations are predicted and compensated based on EFJM. After that, the feedforward torque is derived in joint space by using the efficient feedforward torque computation algorithm for EFJM. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to present a novel robust control method based on an adaptive PI controller (APIC) to compensate for different disturbances and unknown dynamics for multi-phase induction machines. Design/methodology/approach: The gains of the APIC are adapted online according to the tracking error. Proposed APIC is accompanied with designed linear disturbance observer (LDO) to present robust behavior to machine parameter variations and fault disturbances. Findings: The results show remarkable dynamic performance in both healthy and faulty conditions when the six-phase induction machine works under APIC and LDO schemes. Originality/value: The proposed controller need not readjust current controllers for the post-fault condition. The developed Simulink model efficiency is confirmed through experimental tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to deal with a performance comparison of an 8/6 radial-flux switched reluctance machine (RFSRM) and an axial-flux switched reluctance machine (AFSRM), presenting equivalent active surfaces. Design/methodology/approach: An axial machine was designed based on the equivalent active surfaces of a radial one. After estimating the machine inductances with a reluctance network, finite elements numerical models have been implemented for a more precise inductance determination and to estimate the electromagnetic torque for both machines. Finally, the AFSRM was thoroughly examined by analyzing the impact of some geometric parameters on its performance. Findings: The comparison of the RFSRM and AFSRM at equivalent active surfaces showed that the obtained axial machine is more compact along with an improvement in the electromagnetic torque. Practical implications: The equivalent AFSRM is more compact, therefore more interesting for transport and on-board applications. Originality/value: The RFSRM and AFSRM performance comparison using the same active surfaces has not been done. Moreover, the AFSRM presented has a rare design with no rotor yoke and where the rotor teeth are encapsulated in a nonmagnetic structure, allowing a more compact design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An interview with Ingmar Vesterlund, chief executive officer (CEO) at paper roll manufacturer PR Rolls, is presented. Topics discussed include PR Rolls' partnership with companies in France, Indonesia and China, the challenges posed by the vac-cylinders of the mill's dryer section that involved several processes such as groove machining, grit blasting and High Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF) spraying, and the installation of the TecnoClean Cera Hybrid non-stick coatings in dryers.

The benefits of self-excited motion include the capacity to draw energy directly from the external environment, as well as autonomy and portability, and the creation of additional self-oscillating systems holds the promise of finding applications in various fields, including medical devices, autonomous robotics, energy harvesting, sensors, and more. Inspired by the magnetic perpetual motion, this paper introduces a conceptual perpetual motion machine utilizing liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) and steady illumination. The system consists of a turntable and multiple motion ducts, each containing a mass block. A nonlinear dynamics model for the LCE-based perpetual motion machine operating under steady illumination is established, considering the dynamic LCE model. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations, employing the classical fourth-order Runge-Kutta method, are employed to examine the system's dynamic behaviors. The system exhibits a supercritical Hopf bifurcation between static and self-rotation patterns. Notably, the external environment's energy input counteracts damping dissipation, preventing the system from halting due to damping and other factors. Theoretical condition for Hopf bifurcation in the perpetual motion machine's self-rotation is derived and validated via numerical computations. Extensive quantitative investigations are conducted to determine the influence of system parameters on self-rotation frequency. The results illustrate that through parameter adjustments, the motion pattern and frequency of the system can be controlled effectively. The proposed system offers continuous rotation in a zero-energy mode, presenting remarkable benefits, including energy efficiency, reduced noise, decreased wear, and robust stability. These attributes position it for significant future applications in power generation, energy harvesting, sensors, and various other fields. [Display omitted] • A light-powered liquid crystal elastomer-based perpetual motion machine was conceptualized. • The perpetual motion machine has two typical motion patterns: static and self-rotation pattern. • Theoretical Hopf bifurcation condition was derived and validated via numerical computations. • The self-rotation frequency can be designed by several parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the value of incorporating 3-dimensional (3-D) engineering data into the production process as automation takes many forms in the metalworking shop. It explains how the advent of 3-D engineering data replaced the paper part drawings used for quoting, process development and computer numerically-controlled (CNC) programming, driving major changes in the production machining industry. It presents a primer for navigating and demystifying 3-D data exchange for manufacturing.

The article offers a preview of the Advanz carbide-tipped band saw blades, a range of high-performance cutting tools from L.S. Starrett Company.

This article from Diesel World provides an inside look at the process of building a 47RE/RH torque converter at FTI Performance in Deland, Florida. The article outlines the steps involved in constructing the converter, including cutting open the core, washing it, fitting and machining on the lathe, modifying the stator, assembling the converter with new parts, welding, pressure testing, and balancing. The article also mentions the use of a fresh coat of paint as the final step. The accompanying photos provide visual illustrations of the process. [Extracted from the article]

The present contradictions which be British publishing make it difficult to determine whether the traditional blend of literature and commerce which has been brought to such a special pitch in some British houses can survive intact. Already the emphasis has shifted in many small companies. Some-thing that will last and sell has given place to something that will blatantly and boldly sell. Within this broad situation lie many subtleties. In the past British publishers, like others, made their money from reprints. Running off a second, third, and fourth edition cost far less than the first. But now the prohibitive cost of paper, machining, and printing has cut this margin very considerably.

In this paper, a new no-reference image quality metric is proposed and developed. A set of ten perceptual features are extracted from each distorted image, then Relevance Vector Machine (RVM) is employed to learn the mapping between the combined features and human opinion scores. Validation tests and simulations are conducted on the LIVE II and MDID 2013 databases. The predictive performances of this new metric (we called PFF-RVM for perceptual features fusion using relevance vector machine based metric) are compared to the most recent no-reference metrics in terms of correlation and monotonicity. Results show that the proposed metric has satisfactory and comparable performances to the most sophisticated and commonly used no-reference quality metrics in the state-of-the-art. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper focuses on the estimation of the sensor faults and the state variables, using an unknown inputs observer (UIO), applied to an induction machine. A model based on LPV (linear parameter varying) systems of the machine is used where the rotation speed is considered as a variable parameter. Then based on Lyapunov theory, a feasible algorithm is explored to ensure the stability of the proposed approach. Furthermore, the observer efficiency is investigated in presence of the current sensor faults. It is done by using the calculation of the observer gains based on the LMI (Linear Matrix Inequalities). The contribution of this study lies on the development of an extended unknown inputs observer (UIO) to estimate the sensors faults. In addition, an augmented system is constructed, using a first filter, to transform the sensor faults to actuator faults and the noise to disturbance. The performance of this method is compared either in terms of state observation errors or in terms of fault estimation. The results obtained by simulation illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights from the article: Nazmatic Inspection Machine is designed for the inspection of a wide range of woven fabrics that range from lightly woven to heavy denim fabrics. The Nazmatic is a truly versatile machine, based on a modular system, which is suitable for making rolls with aligned selvedges on paper tubes, PVC pipes or wooden rolls from rolls, open fabric trolleys or A-frame/batcher trolleys. The fabric tension is controlled simultaneously by mechanical and electronic means, which allows the machine to run fabric with Lycra.

• A more general model for adhesive, elastic contact between solids. • Better explanation of several contact experiments than the JKR theory. • Empirical equations for the pull-in and pull-off forces and hysteretic energy loss as a function of machine stiffness. Dry adhesion plays a critical role in many fields, including the locomotion of some insects and failure of microelectromechanical systems. The Dupré's work of adhesion of a contact interface is an important metric of dry adhesion. It is often measured by applying the Johnson–Kendall–Roberts (JKR) theory [1] to contact force–indentation depth curves that are measured using an atomic force microscope (AFM), or an instrument modeled after it. The JKR theory has been exceptionally successful in interpreting contact force–indentation depth measurements and explaining adhesive, elastic contact phenomena, such as the pull-in and pull-off instabilities. However, in many cases the JKR theory predicts a lower magnitude for the pull-off force than what is experimentally measured, and it does not capture the finite changes in the indentation depth that occur during the pull-in and pull-off instabilities. In those cases, applying the JKR theory to calculate the work of adhesion from only the measured pull-off force is likely to give highly inaccurate results. We believe that these discrepancies occur because the classical JKR theory ignores the machine stiffness—which, in the case of AFM-type instruments, is the stiffness of the mechanical structure that connects the tip to the translation stage, which moves the tip towards and away from the substrate. In this paper, we present a model that is related to, but more general than, the JKR theory that accounts for the machine stiffness. This model explains the experimental data better than the JKR theory in the cases where the JKR theory displays the aforementioned discrepancies. We consider both the first order necessary and the higher order sufficiency conditions while deriving the solutions in our model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses that Enterprise resource planning software is not only enabling Chapter 2 to better manage its range of machining and manufacturing capabilities helping it go paperless. It mention that Amanda Johnston, marketing specialist for Chapter 2 Inc., stated that the contract manufacturer has expanded and implemented a number of changes to become more efficient since it was named a Modern Machine Shop Top Shops benchmarking survey winner in 2015.

The article reports on the new process of manufacturing specialized alloy steels that was developed by MW Kellogg Co. of New Jersey City, New Jersey as of September 1947 to allow the steel to withstand high temperatures. The engineering firm claims that there are three major fields of applications for its process, including in high temperature work like gas turbines, and in stainless-steel alloys that need machining. The company is headed by MW Kellogg.

The article offers information on a new theory related to the process of metal cutting. The crux of the new concept is based on the fact that machinability of a metal depends on its microstructure, a theory that indicates faster machining and lower costs. The article also indicates the manner in which the theory can be transformed into reality.

The vibration mass of materials is a major technical bottleneck restricting the development of intelligent and upsizing vibration machinery. It cannot be ignored and fluctuates greatly under different working conditions, especially for complex space vibration systems, such as vertical vibration conveyors used to lift materials. This paper investigated the kinematic theory of the material sliding and throwing in three-dimensional space. Firstly, the dynamic coupling model between the machine body and materials is established, the kinematic characteristics of the bulk materials under the sliding and throwing patterns in the space vibration system are investigated, and the kinematics equations of the material under the sliding and throwing patterns are derived. Secondly, the solution procedure of the Wilson- θ method is given and verified by the Discrete Element Method (DEM). Meanwhile, the variations of the steady interval of materials, the path of the machine body, and conveying velocity are further discussed. Finally, the feasibility of the material's kinematic theory investigation with a view to supplementing the interaction between the machine body and materials is verified by experiments. The results indicate that the system's interaction force significantly affects the material's moving patterns and the machine body's dynamic characteristics. • The model of materials moving on the spacial vibration system is firstly presented. • The interactions between the frame and materials is mainly studied. • The solution of sliding/throwing pattern are obtained by the Wilson- θ method. • The solution correctness and the feasibility are verified by DEM and experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article highlights the advantages of using indexable insert cutting tools like Allied Machine & Engineering's AccuPort 432 for hydraulic port machining, enabling multiple features in one operation and easy insert replacement for uninterrupted production.

The article focuses on Trails West Manufacturing of Idaho Inc., a trailer manufacturer that sought to improve efficiency and quality in its production processes. The company installed a Hydmech V-21/26APC automatic vertical band saw to replace an older saw that wasn't as efficient, allowing for angled cuts in both directions and providing a variety of features to enhance productivity and blade life.

"The structure and operation of the conventional tablet cassettes provided in the conventional medicine packing machine will now be described with reference to FIG. The following quote was obtained by the news editors from the background information supplied by the inventors: "Generally, a medicament packing machine is an apparatus that receives tablets from one of a variety of tablet cassettes and discharges the tablets according to a specified regime. "As a second aspect, embodiments of the invention are directed to a crown as described above in combination with a cassette configured for installation in the pharmaceutical tablet packaging machine.". [Extracted from the article]

The article offers information on the mortises and tenons which are the important joints in woodworking. It mentions the purpose of these are in frame-and-panel doors, table legs and aprons. It discusses how to construct the mortise and tenon joints, and using modern machines and jigs simplify and streamline their construction.

The article evaluates the TM8MYi and the TM8i lathes from Hurco Co. Inc. that streamline part loading and machining.

The article discusses the features and capabilities of the KENT USA® KTCS-2000II lathe, a high-speed, high precision CNC lathe. The lathe is equipped with precision linear ways and large servo motors, allowing for fast rapid traverse rates and accurate positioning. It has an 8" 3-jaw hydraulic chuck and a maximum spindle speed of 4,500 rpm. The lathe also features a 12-station bi-directional high-speed servo turret and is made from heavy Meehanite iron for rigidity and accuracy. Standard equipment includes a chip conveyor, programmable tailstock quill, and a complete coolant system. [Extracted from the article]

The Surat-based Anisha Silk Mills Pvt. Ltd. (Siddharth Industries) was set up in 1985 by Mr. Ravi Juneja. Having entered the embroidery market in 2003, the company is now one of the pioneers in the field of embroidery, with its factories having 124 embroidery machines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on a professional who recently assumed the role of Director of Technical Services at PMPA. Topics include his background, starting as a dual chemistry and biology major while working in his family's shop, transitioning to a business degree with a focus on finance-economics and a minor in accounting, and pursuing an MBA while working full-time in the shop to move into the management side of the business.

To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2009.05.009 Byline: He Hanwu, Wu Yueming Keywords: CNC machine tools; Virtual operating; VRML; Training; Machining simulation Abstract: This paper attempts to propose a virtual operating system applied to operation training of manufacturing facility and manufacturing process simulation. The system is based on VRML and browser/server structure, so user only needs to install a free plug-in, and run the package normally via Microsoft Internet Explorer. Initially this paper studies the system framework, structure models and concept models. Then, a communication approach based on VRML, Java and HTML, which is key to realize the virtual operating of CNC machines, has been presented. The algorithm of material removed simulation based on VRML Z-map is also presented in this paper. It has the advantages such as a lower memory requirement, and a faster computation speed. Finally, in order to validate the feasibility of the proposed approach, the CNC milling machine has been taken as an illustrative example for the prototype development. Author Affiliation: Faculty of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510090, China Article History: Received 15 July 2007; Revised 21 March 2009; Accepted 18 May 2009

To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2008.10.019 Byline: Minho Chang (a), Chong Man Kim (b), Sang C. Park (c) Keywords: Sidewall machining; Tool-path generation; 2D-curve offset; Clean-up machining; PWID offset algorithm Abstract: Presented in this paper is a tool-path generation procedure for sidewall machining, a process that is essential in the fabrication of many mechanical parts. While sculptured surface machining has received a significant amount of attention, there has been relatively less study of the technological requirements of sidewall machining. In this paper, three technological requirements are identified: (1) machining clean-up regions after rough machining, (2) avoiding unbalanced tool wear, and (3) retaining down-milling. For the generation of a roughing tool-path, the PWID offset algorithm is utilized. After roughing, it is necessary to identify the clean-up regions. Identifying these regions requires two major computations: a 2D-curve offsetting and a 2D-booleaning operation. To avoid these heavy operations, this paper proposes a method that identifies clean-up regions by making use of the byproducts (interfering ranges) of the PWID offset algorithm. As a result, it is possible to identify clean-up regions efficiently with minimum effort. Author Affiliation: (a) Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Anam-Dong, Senogbuk-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea (b) Department of Industrial and Management Engineering, Myongji University, San 38-2, Namdong, Cheoin-gu, Yongin, Republic of Korea (c) Department of Industrial Engineering, Ajou University, San 5, Woncheon-dong, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, Republic of Korea Article History: Received 22 February 2008; Revised 15 August 2008; Accepted 30 October 2008