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Females exhibit lower levels of physical exercise performance than males. It seems that gender factor motivates people differently, in performing regular exercise. Our objective was to determine the relationship between 21 motivating reasons for performing physical exercise and genders. We found that males showed significantly higher means score in two motivating reasons; to have a positive effect on the sex life (4.18±1.01, p<0.001) and more energy to go about the daily chores (4.62± .63, p= 0.027). No significant gender difference in the mean score for the other 19 motivating reasons.

This study examined the frequency and characteristics of fast food consumption, and obesity prevalence among community members who attended health centres in the Gombak District. In total, 1173 Malaysian adults were interviewed based on a structured questionnaire. Fast food consumption was higher for mostly young Malays and significantly associated with age, ethnicity, number of children in the household, and perception of their general health in a multivariate model. 21.3% of respondents were obese. However, it was not associated with frequenting fast food restaurants. The high prevalence of fast food consumption points for the need to further educate the community in making healthier life options.

A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample size of 384 females aged 20 years and above from two urban health centres in Selangor to determine the health behaviours among urban women for undergoing Pap smear. Researchers using a set of questionnaires conducted interview. The prevalence of ever undergone Pap smear was 58.1%. Working commitment was a significant barrier to perform Pap smear among the higher household income relative to the lower income group. Non- Malays were more likely to perceive the cost as a barrier. Older women perceived worry due to Pap smear less likely compared to those younger.

Cross-sectional study was conducted on 774 students from a Syrian University using questionnaire to estimate the prevalence of smoking among University students and to identify factors related to smoking. Smoking prevalence was (20.75%). Mean age (years) of smoker (25 ± 2.2) significantly older than non-smoker (21 ± 1.8). Smoking prevalence among males was (26.1%) significantly higher than (9.5%) among females. Female student consumed significantly higher number of cigarettes /day (21 ± 5) than the male (9 ± 2). Smoking was significantly higher (27.8%) among students living away from their families than (16.2%) those living with families.