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It is very important to determine the seismic behavior of the multi-story tunnel form buildings especially in medium and high seismic regions. The aim of this study is to determine the overall seismic behavior of unrepaired and repaired specimens under the in-plane lateral cyclic loading. The damaged specimen was repaired by enlarging the external shear wall, affixing the joints with steel plate and steel angle and finally wrapping the specimen with CFRP. A one-third scale double unit of tunnel form buildings was designed using non-seismic code of practice (BS8110), constructed and tested under in-plane lateral cyclic loading. The specimen was tested starting from ± 0.01, ± 0.1, ± 0.25, ± 0.5, ± 0.75%, until ± 2.3% drift. The repaired specimen was retested following a similar pattern of drifts as before repaired. The hysteresis loops of repaired specimen were modeled using HYSTERES program in Ruaumoko 2D. Experimental results showed that the repaired specimens improved in term of damages, 19.35% of lateral strength capacity, 6.79% of stiffness, 34.87% of ductility and 31.11% of equivalent viscous damping. There was good agreement between experimental hysteresis loops and modeling hysteresis loops. Thus, the damaged tunnel form buildings can be repaired, retrofitted and strengthened using the combination materials of steel plate, steel angle and CFRP.

A flow-through enzymatic microreactor for the rapid conversion of triacylglycerols (TAG) into fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE) or fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) derivatives was developed. The microreactor was a porous silica monolith fabricated within a 320 μm ID fused silica capillary with lipase from Candida antarcticaimmobilized onto the large surface area of the monolith. The microreactor was used for the room temperature ethanolysis of TAG from edible oils including canola, sesame, soybean and refined-bleached-deodorized palm oil. GC/MS-NCI and GC/FID were used to prove the identification of the FAEE and FAME products. The microreactor completely transformed the starting oils into FAEEs or FAMEs, without the use of any reagents other than alcohol, in quantities suitable for GC analysis. The prototype microreactors were reusable >5 times with ethanol and 2 times with methanol. The FAEE products obtained using the microreactor were similar to those produced using commercial Novozyme 435 enzyme beads as well as by catalysis with ethanolic H2SO4.

The refrigerator is the key component to keep the medicine and biological sample in the hospital. However, the refrigerant that commonly used in the refrigerator will bring a negative effect to the environment. Other than that, the domestic refrigerator also has the problem of larger size and heavier weight since to the compact system like condenser, compressor, evaporator and expansion valve are assemble and use in the refrigerator. This study focused on the development of temperature control of the portable thermoelectric refrigerator for medical purpose. Thermoelectric cooling is using the thermoelectric refrigeration method through a thermoelectric module. This project is to analyze the space scales of the system which can perform a desired temperature control for the thermoelectric refrigeration. A commercial portable thermoelectric cooling is modified, which is able to achieve the temperature within the range of 8degC to 15degC by controlling the input current. Modification of this refrigerator is done by changing the original circuit of the refrigerator into a new circuit. The resistance temperature detector is used to replace the original thermostat that used to measure the inner temperature of the refrigerator. The input current is controlled by MOSFETs by using the pulse width modulation method. The temperature response of normal and small scale of thermoelectric cooling is 13.88degC and 10.91degC when input current 3A injected.