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C24H18N6O7Na2, monoclinic, I2/a(no. 15), a= 9.9773(6) Å, b= 18.2319(14) Å, c= 14.2858(9) Å, β= 108.686(7)°, V= 2461.7(3) Å3, Z= 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0337, wRref(F2) = 0.0939, T = 200 K.

In this study, a spiking cortical model (SCM) based n-γdiscrimination method is proposed. The SCM-based algorithm is compared with three other methods, namely: (i) the pulse-coupled neural network (PCNN), (ii) the charge comparison, and (iii) the zero-crossing. The objective evaluation criteria used for the comparison are the FoM-value and the time consumption of discrimination. Experimental results demonstrated that our proposed method outperforms the other methods significantly with the highest FoM-value. Specifically, the proposed method exhibits a 34.81% improvement compared with the PCNN, a 50.29% improvement compared with the charge comparison, and a 110.02% improvement compared with the zero-crossing. Additionally, the proposed method features the second-fastest discrimination time, where it is 75.67% faster than the PCNN, 70.65% faster than the charge comparison and 38.4% slower than the zero-crossing. Our study also discusses the role and change pattern of each parameter of the SCM to guide the selection process. It concludes that the SCM's outstanding ability to recognize the dynamic information in the pulse signal, improved accuracy when compared to the PCNN, and better computational complexity enables the SCM to exhibit excellent n-γdiscrimination performance while consuming less time.

C22H23N3O9Cu, triclinic, P1‾$P\overline{1}$(no. 2), a= 9.0356(2) Å, b= 9.6247(3) Å, c= 14.2969(3) Å, α= 86.989(2)°, β= 86.414(2)°, γ= 66.913(2)°, V= 1140.98(5) Å3, Z= 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0405, wRref(F2) = 0.1172, T = 297.88(10) K.

C23H17N3O5Cu, monoclinic, P21/n(no. 14), a= 11.49510(10) Å, b= 8.69660(10) Å, c= 21.1454(2) Å, β= 105.433(1)°, V= 2037.65(4) Å3, Z= 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0298, wRref(F2) = 0.0862, T = 294 K.

The gut mycobiome is closely linked to health and disease; however, its role in the progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains obscure. Here, a multi-omics approach was employed to explore the role of intestinal fungi in the deterioration of glycemic control.

ABSTRACTThe cavitation erosion resistance of high-entropy FeCoCrNiMoXB0.2(X = 0, 0.5, 1), coatings cladded by laser was studied. The test was processed by a magnetostrictive cavitation method in both distilled water and 3.5 wt-% NaCl solution. It was observed that the mass-loss rate of the coatings rarely increased or even decreased in the first few hours. This study verified that the formation of cavitation pits and extend of cracks due to the mechanical shock were the dominant factors causing cavitation of the coatings. The additional Cl–exhibited a deteriorative effect on the cavitation erosion performance of this high-entropy alloy coating, which leads to an increase of the mass-loss in NaCl solution than that in distilled water. Moreover, the hardness and stability of the high-entropy coatings were enhanced owing to the increase of Mo content, thus improving the cavitation erosion resistance.

ABSTRACTTo explore the clinical and genetic characteristics of five families with primary periodic paralysis (PPP). We reviewed clinical manifestations, laboratory results, electrocardiogram, electromyography, muscle biopsy, and genetic analysis from five families with PPP. Five families with PPP included: hypokalemic periodic paralysis type 1 (HypoPP1, CACNA1S, 1/5), hypokalemic periodic paralysis type 2 (HypoPP2, SCN4A, 2/5), normokalemic periodic paralysis (NormoPP, SCN4A, 1/5), and Andersen-Tawil syndrome (ATS, KCNJ2, 1/5). The basic clinical manifestations of five families were consistent with PPP, presenting with paroxysmal muscle weakness, with or without abnormal serum potassium. ATS was accompanied by ventricular arrhythmias, and skeletal and craniofacial anomalies, developing with a permanent fixed myopathy later. The electromyography showed diffuse myopathic discharge, and muscle biopsy showed tubular aggregates. Genetic testing revealed five families with PPP carried CACNA1S(R1242S), SCN4A(R675Q, T704M), and KCNJ2(R218Q) respectively. The novel heterozygous R1242S mutation in CACNA1Scaused a conformational change in the protein structure, and the amino acid of this mutation site was highly conserved among different species. SCN4Amutations led to two phenotypes of HypoPP2 and NormoPP. PPPs are autosomal dominant disorders of ion channel dysfunction characterized by episodic flaccid muscle weakness secondary to abnormal sarcolemmal excitability. PPPs are caused by mutations in skeletal muscle calcium channel CaV1.1 gene (CACNA1S), sodium channel NaV1.4 gene (SCN4A), and potassium channels Kir2.1, Kir3.4 genes (KCNJ2, KCNJ5), including HypoPP1, HypoPP2, NormoPP, HyperPP, and ATS, which have significant clinical and genetic heterogeneity. Diagnosis is based on the characteristic clinical presentation then confirmed by genetic testing.

Based on the analysis of the error-sources of the fibre optic angle rate gyroscope (FOARG), the Allan parameters are focused on calculation the Allan variances. The relationship between the Allan variance and the accuracy of FOARG is given. For the existences in the output of some-type FOARG, such as high noise, large volatilities in value and existing notable errors, a data-process algorithm is proposed with meaning and smoothing one. A lot of MATLAB blocks, such as data-sampling, meaning and smoothing, are designed to process some-type FOARG's dynamic data and static data and to evaluate its performance with Allan variance.

Increased attenuation of intestinal contents is a highly specific CT sign with good reproducibility to predict bowel necrosis in closed-loop small bowel obstruction.

HfS2is one of the emerging transition metal dichalcogenides and is very promising for low-power nanoelectronics and high-sensitivity optoelectronic device applications. We studied the band structures of 1T-HfS2with different thicknesses by first principles simulation, and the impact of different metal contacts to the HfS2device performance has been experimentally studied. Back-gate and top-gate HfS2field-effect transistors (FETs) were fabricated, and better electrical characteristics have been achieved with the FETs with the Ti/Au contact as compared with the Pt-contacted FETs. Thin layers of Pt and Ti/Au films were deposited on HfS2flakes to investigate the metal/HfS2interface by using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. A smoother Ti/Au film was formed on HfS2, resulting in higher carrier injection and transport efficiency. The phonon behavior being dominated by the interface chemical bonding at the Ti/Au contact region has been confirmed with the more sensitive A1gphonon mode from the bilayer HfS2.

Organogermanium compounds have played a significant role in organic synthesis, drug discovery, and materials science. The efficient access to different types of organogermanium compounds is of greatest importance for the exploration and acceleration of their further applications. However, a comprehensive study of the practical and modular construction of various substituted alkyl germanes (i.e., three-dimensional frameworks), with a diverse functionality, still remains rare. We have in the present study reported on a highly efficient nickel-catalyzed reductive alkylgermylation of activated alkenes by using a variety of functionalized alkyl halides including unactivated alkyl bromides (1°, 2°, 3°) and activated benzyl/allyl chlorides, with commercially available chlorogermanes. A wide array of diversely substituted alkyl germanes has been achieved in high modularity and efficiency under elementary and mild reaction conditions. Furthermore, by using this method, the successful functionalization of drug molecules demonstrates its practicability and utility.

ABSTRACTThere is currently no diagnostic modality for early-stage pancreatic cancer. Given that adjuvant therapies require further development, the overall survival of pancreatic cancer remains unsatisfactory. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of noncoding RNAs that play an important role in the progression of many diseases including cancer. CircRNAs mainly bind to microRNAs as microRNA sponges to restore the expression of targeted genes and regulate tumor invasion, metastasis, proliferation, and apoptosis. CircRNAs also play roles in the diagnosis and targeted therapy of tumors. Studies on the mechanisms of action of circRNAs in pancreatic cancer are still in their infancy, but it is anticipated that this field will gradually advance. In this review, we provide a brief introduction to circRNAs from four perspectives: biogenesis, functions, and mechanisms of action, tumor therapy with circRNAs, and circRNAs’ roles in pancreatic cancer.

A method is proposed to calibrate the long-wave infrared ultra-wide-angle camera in this paper. In addition, a novel calibration chessboard is designed and an advanced chessboard corner positioning method is adopted to improve the calibration precision. The designed calibration chessboard can achieve high thermal infrared contrast and exhibits outstanding stability, which is made of a thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration device. The proposed subpixel corner positioning method can accurately locate the corners on the calibration chessboard according to the characteristics of the infrared image and the checkerboard pattern. Both the principle of the proposed infrared chessboard and the subpixel corner positioning procedure were presented, and the calibration experiment showed that the mean reprojection error and the root mean square error were reduced to 0.32 pixel and 0.39 pixel, respectively. Comparison studies were also performed to verify the calibration effect of the proposed method, and the possibilities of camera calibration error of the proposed method were analyzed.

Nutritional symbionts influence host reproduction, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unclear. We previously found that the bacteriocyte symbiont Hamiltonellaimpacts the sex ratio of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci. Hamiltonellasynthesizes folate by cooperation with the whitefly. Folate deficiency by Hamiltonellaelimination or whitefly gene silencing distorted whitefly sex ratio while folate supplementation restored the sex ratio. Hamiltonelladeficiency or gene silencing altered histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) level, which was restored by folate supplementation. Genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation-seq analysis of H3K9me3 indicated mitochondrial dysfunction in symbiont-deficient whiteflies. Hamiltonelladeficiency compromised mitochondrial quality of whitefly ovaries. Repressing ovary mitochondrial function led to distorted whitefly sex ratio. These findings indicate that the symbiont-derived folate regulates host histone methylation modifications, which thereby impacts ovary mitochondrial function, and finally determines host sex ratio. Our study suggests that a nutritional symbiont can regulate animal reproduction in a way that differs from reproductive manipulators.

Large sandy deserts in middle latitude of northwestern China were studied on salt variations in modern and ancient aeolian sediments, aiming to explore their hydrological indications at the present and past. Globally, sulphate is rich in arid to semi-arid deserts, including the aeolian loess sediments in China and soils in low-latitude deserts, but is less common in the aeolian sediments from the mid-latitude deserts in this study. The compositional differences between aeolian salts and local natural waters is evident, indicating the chemistry of aeolian salts and the associated parent brines may be significantly different than that predicted for hydrologically closed systems. The formation of aeolian salts in the studied deserts is strongly controlled by earth surface processes in a large scale but not in a local scale. Vertical changes in facies and salinities are abrupt in the studied palaeo-aeolian sediment samples, which were interbedded by lacustrine/fluvial sediments with OSL and 14C ages ranging between 40 and 2 ka BP, reflecting rapid high-amplitude changes in hydrological settings during late Pleistocene to later Holocene in these ancient playa systems. A great difference in salt composition between aeolian and lacustrine sediments suggests that the inorganic salt is a latent geoproxy in revealing local hydrological variations and climate change in the desert areas. But the environmental indications could be amphibolous for the sedimentary sequences with dual/multiple depositional end-members; under this situation an increase in sequence salinity does not always represent an enhanced environmental aridity. Ancient playas are arid or humid at the same time based on several sporadic records is not a valid approach to correlation of salt deposits in adjacent saline playa basin in the studied areas. Effects of earth surface processes including erosion, deposition and other processes on sediment properties will bias the hydrological implications of sediment salinity.

To assess whether a theory-based, community health worker–delivered intervention for household smokers will lead to reduced secondhand smoke exposure to children in Chinese families.

Position-based quantum cryptography (PBQC) allows a party to use its geographical location as its only credential to implement various cryptographic protocols. Such a protocol may lead to important applications in practice. Although it has been shown that any PBQC protocol is breakable if the adversaries pre-share an arbitrarily large entangled state, the security of PBQC in the bounded-quantum-storage model is still an open question. In this paper, we study the performance of various PBQC protocols over a lossy channel under the assumption that no entanglement is pre-shared between adversaries. By introducing the decoy state idea, we show that an extended Bennett-Brassard-1984-type PBQC protocol implemented with a weak coherent source and realistic single-photon detectors can tolerate an overall loss (including both the channel loss and the detection efficiency) of 13 dB if the intrinsic quantum bit error rate is 1%. We also study a few continuous variable PBQC protocols and show that they suffer from a 3-dB loss limitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fuel cell based micro combined heat and power (micro-CHP) systems are residential scale clean energy conversion unit. It employs fuel cells in a compact system that converts natural gas, propane or other fuels into both electricity and heat, which increases efficiency by simultaneously generating power and heat for one unit, on-site within a home. A prototype system consisting of a natural gas steam reforming unit, CO cleaning unit, PEM fuel cell stack, waste heat recovery unit and auxiliary unit is integrated. Test results of the prototype show that it can start within an hour and the syngas produced can meet the fuel cell’s requirements. The prototype’s electric power and thermal power are 200W and 530W respectively, while the electric and thermal efficiency are 15.4% and 40.9% respectively.

Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) protocol has been demonstrated as a viable solution to detector side-channel attacks. Recently, to bridge the strong security of MDI-QKD with the high efficiency of conventional QKD, the detector-device-independent (DDI) QKD has been proposed. One crucial assumption made in DDI-QKD is that the untrusted Bell state measurement (BSM) located inside the receiver's laboratory cannot send any unwanted information to the outside. Here, we show that if the BSM is completely untrusted, a simple scheme would allow the BSM to send information to the outside. Combined with Trojan horse attacks, this scheme could allow an eavesdropper to gain information of the quantum key without being detected. To prevent the above attack, either countermeasures to Trojan horse attacks or some trustworthiness to the "untrusted" BSM device is required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of the digital geophone self-test system application demand for a variety of high quality waveform signal. This paper introduces a kind of design method of direct digital synthesis waveform signal generator based on FPGA. It mainly discusses the principle of the method of frequency synthesis technology, design thinking and implementation method. And using the design method of pipeline structure to improve circuit structure of 48 bits phase accumulator, so as to improve the running speed, and further increase the resolution of frequency synthesis. The test shows that the signal generator can produce sine wave, square wave, sawtooth wave, triangle wave. The frequency resolution can reach 0.18μHz. The highest output frequency is up to 20MHz, and frequency switch time is 20ns.

In this study, the anti-noise performance of a pulse-coupled neural network (PCNN) was investigated in the neutron and gamma-ray (n−γ) discrimination field. The experiments were conducted in two groups. In the first group, radiation pulse signals were pre-processed using a Fourier filter to reduce the original noise in the signals, whereas in the second group, the original noise was left untouched to simulate an extremely high-noise scenario. For each part, artificial Gaussian noise with different intensity levels was added to the signals prior to the discrimination process. In the aforementioned conditions, the performance of the PCNN was evaluated and compared with five other commonly used methods of n−γdiscrimination: (1) zero crossing, (2) charge comparison, (3) vector projection, (4) falling edge percentage slope, and (5) frequency gradient analysis. The experimental results showed that the PCNN method significantly outperforms other methods with outstanding FoM-value at all noise levels. Furthermore, the fluctuations in FoM-value of PCNN were significantly better than those obtained via other methods at most noise levels and only slightly worse than those obtained via the charge comparison and zero-crossing methods under extreme noise conditions. Additionally, the changing patterns and fluctuations of the FoM-value were evaluated under different noise conditions. Hence, based on the results, the parameter selection strategy of the PCNN was presented. In conclusion, the PCNN method is suitable for use in high-noise application scenarios for n−γdiscrimination because of its stability and remarkable discrimination performance. It does not rely on strict parameter settings and can realize satisfactory performance over a wide parameter range.

High pressure (HP) fuel pipeline is one of the vital components of Combination Electronic Unit Pump (CEUP) fuel injection system besides pump and injector. Effect of four key fuel properties including density, viscosity, acoustic wave speed and bulk modulus on pressure wave profile has been investigated using a 1D viscous damped mathematical model. Wave equation (WE) based mathematical model has been developed in MATLAB using finite difference method. Dynamic variations of these fuel properties during fuel injection cycles have also been incorporated in mathematical model by utilizing empirical formulas. The results show that these four key fuel properties not only vary with the pressure during fuel injection process but also define the trend of pressure wave propagation inside HP fuel pipeline.

Diesel fuel pressure wave inside Combination Electronic Unit Pump (CEUP) pipeline has been investigated using a 1D viscous damped mathematical model considering the effect of four key fuel properties including density, viscosity, acoustic wave speed and bulk modulus. Wave equation (WE) based mathematical model has been developed in MATLAB using finite difference method. Mathematical model results at various operating conditions of diesel engine have been verified by comparing with those of AMESim numerical model of CEUP and quantified through Root Mean Square Errors (RMSE) and Index of Agreements (IA). Dynamic variations of these fuel properties during fuel injection cycles have also been incorporated in mathematical model by utilizing empirical formulas. Predicted results show that simulated results which consider fuel properties dynamic variations as a function of pressure are more coherent to AMESim numerical model results.

In this letter, we investigate asymmetric simple exclusion processes (ASEPs) with zoned inhomogeneity and off-ramp by the means of theoretical analysis and simulations. According to the theoretical analysis, we can find that the phase diagrams existing in this one-lane system varies with different hopping rate p and off-ramp rate q and the condition for p<0.5 and p>0.5 is distinctly different . It should be noticed that LD/LD, LD/HD and MC/HD can exist in this system no matter how hopping rate p and off-ramp rate q change.

The way of energy spectrum acquisition aimed at nuclear signal, putting forward a kind of pile-up pulse separation technology research based on MATLAB. It takes MATLAB as processing platform, adopts graphical user interface (GUI) as design tools, establishs pile-up pulse signal simulation module, in order for nuclear accumulation of signal pulse which can be used in many cases to provide initial data for further research. Through the proposed platform, researching on the way and theory of pile-up pulse separation, and programming to achieve processing method, combining the separation results from different pile up pulse cases and to make an analysis, giving the best processing method and suggestion on treatment scheme, so as to provide basis for the improvement of digital nuclear spectrum system.

In this article, a design method of asynchronous FIFO memory based on FPGA is put forward. With FPGA as the core controller, We adopt Verilog HDL and top-down design method to build a top-level module design and also analyze the mark logic of asynchronous FIFO and the elimination of semi-stable state under Quartus II development platform. Besides, with the application of Gray code conversion technology, not only the reliable transmission of data is guaranteed but also design efficiency is improved. Through contrast experiment analysis and simulation test, the validity and reliability of asynchronous FIFO memory are verified, meeting the basic requirement that FIFO can hold more enough data without spillovers despite the fullness of data.

According to the requirement of real-time detection system towards acquisition, storage and display of video data, a design method of video acquisition system based on FPGA is put forward. With FPGA as its core controller, the design presents a simplified video acquisition system to achieve standard video images. The design elaborately illustrates key points of video acquisition system, thus the acquisition, storage and display function of real-time video can be technically realized. In the end, the validity and reliability of this system is verified through simulation under Modelsim circumstance combined with online logical analyzer.

To overcome the shortcoming of lack of real-time in traditional latent troubles information management, a transmission line passage protection system (TLPPS) Android client-side is developed in this paper. Basing on Android mobile’s real-time communication and good development performance, Android client is used to record the information of latent trouble. Web Service is adopted to realize the wireless communication between client and server, then the real-time upload and updating is realized, thus improving the accuracy and making it possible for the administrator to put up with the advice of dealing with the latent trouble in time. The security of power system is guaranteed.

In this article, a design of multi-channel data acquisition system is presented. With FPGA as the core controller, the system can implement logic control over the high-speed ADC and acquire high-speed and high-resolution sample data. Using asynchronous FIFO as a cache, it can transfer data between two different clock domains: ADC data acquisition module and RS485 data module, which helps to improve the work efficiency and data throughput of the system. In the Quartus II development platform, Verilog hardware description language is adopted and finite state machine so that parallel acquisition operation to multi-channel ADC controlled by FPGA can be achieved and the system can become equipped with high-resolution, strong real-timeliness, low noise interference and other advantages. When it comes to the final step, simulation of AD sampling, asynchronous FIFO and RS485 transmission are conducted under the Modelsim environment and on-line testing by Signaltap to the system is synchronously implemented. The validity and reliability of the system are verified.

An alternate biodiesel fuel Rapeseed Methyl Ester (RME) has been evaluated for diesel engine Combination Electronic Unit Pump (CEUP) fuel injection system. Pressure wave modeling of CEUP high pressure fuel pipeline using viscous damped wave equation has been done in MATLAB at various operating conditions of diesel engine. Finite Difference method has been used to model and simulate wave equation at eleven equidistant locations along fuel pipeline. Results show increase in pressure, density, acoustic wave speed and bulk modulus amplitudes with RME fuel as compared to conventional diesel fuel.

The influence of surface polaritons on spectral energy flux at different temperatures or distances to the surface of a plate was analyzed. The relations of the net heat flux between two parallel plates with the material type were also discussed. The results demonstrate that the effect of surface polaritons is dominated in the spectral energy flux at 300 K when the distance is decreased to 100 nm. In addition, the intensity of surface polaritons increases with the temperature. The net heat flux between two parallel plates has a nearly linear relation with the temperature and is closely related to the material type. It reaches up to 2.792×107 W/m2 between two SiC plates, approximately 3~6 orders of magnitude larger than that between two different materials. However, the net heat flux between SiC and Al is merely 2329.7 W/m2, even smaller than the result calculated by the classical stefan-boltzman law between two blackbodies.

High pressure (HP) fuel pipeline is one of the major components of Combination Electronic Unit Pump (CEUP) diesel fuel injection system and has significant contribution in building up of high pressure required during fuel injection cycle. A MATLAB numerical model of pressure wave inside HP fuel pipeline of CEUP system using damped wave equation has been developed in MATLAB to study and simulate pressure wave propagation through fuel pipeline at various operating conditions of diesel engine. Finite Difference method has been applied to model and simulate pressure equation at various equidistant locations of fuel pipeline. Dynamic variations of fuel properties as a function of varying pressure have also been incorporated. The MATLAB model has been validated by comparing simulated pressures with those of experimentally validated AMESim numerical model of CEUP fuel injection system. Quantitative comparisons were also done using Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Index of Agreement (IA). Results show that MATLAB numerical model is quite accurate especially at low cam rotational speeds and low cam angles.

Recombinant human neuregulin-1 (rhNRG-1) improves cardiac function in animal models of doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiomyopathy, but the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Here, we confirm a role for rhNRG-1 in attenuating DOX-induced autophagy and define the signaling pathways through which it mediates some of its effects. Neonatal rat ventricular myocytes were subjected to different treatments both to induce autophagy and to determine the effects of rhNRG-1 on the process. The rhNRG-1 inhibited DOX-induced autophagy, reduced reactive oxygen species production and increased protein expression of Bcl-2, effects that were recapitulated when the cells were treated with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine. These effects were blocked by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor LY294002, pointing to the involvement of the Akt pathway in mediating the process. Inhibition of Bcl-2 expression with small interfering RNA silencing also inhibited rhNRG-1's ability to attenuate DOX-induced autophagy. The rhNRG-1 is a potent inhibitor of DOX-induced autophagy and multiple signaling pathways, including Akt and activation of reactive oxygen species, play important roles in the anti-autophagy effect. The rhNRG-1 is a novel drug that may be effectively therapeutically in protecting further damage in DOX-induced damaged myocardium.

A high efficient method is provided to count the number of kernels in an ear corn. PC camera captured a sequence of images around an ear corn using a simple device. The Otsu's algorithm was applied for background segmentation. An object processing area was obtained after contour extraction. The x-direction cumulative histogram was used to extract every row of the ear corn. The y-direction cumulative histogram was used to detect the number of corn kernels in a row. The number of rows was got by matching the edge of the current ear row with the first one. The time of detecting kernels for an ear corn was below 2 minutes and the average accuracy was about 95% in experiment. It shows that this method can detect the quantity of kernels directly in an ear corn quickly and effectively using a low-cost device.

In order to realize automatic operation for a wheat planter in a field, an algorithm was developed in the research to detect navigation line under sowing operating environment with weak navigation information based on machine vision. Wavelet transform, linear analysis and front and rear frame interrelated were used to get candidate points at regional boundary in the image. Then linear fitting of the candidate points was carried out using the Passing a Known Point Hough Transform. Sowing videos captured under different natural conditions, in different regions were used to test the performance of the algorithm. Results show that the algorithm is able to detect ridge line, sowing line and field end accurately, steadily and quickly, the average processing time for each frame is about 30ms.

This paper presents an image detection algorithm for navigation route of cotton harvester. Two cameras were respectively installed on the leftmost and rightmost picker unit, and images were captured during working process respectively. Firstly, the color characteristics among harvested field, un-harvested field, outside-field and the end of field were analyzed, then the target features of different fields was extracted using the color difference 3B-R-G. Secondly, candidate point group was determined by looking for the critical point of peak from the lowest trough point to un-harvested field and associating with the detection result of the anterior frame. Lastly, navigation line was obtained by using passing a Known Point Hough Transform (PKPHT). Results show that the navigation line detected using this algorithm can fit the boundary line and the edge of field accurately, the average processing time is56.10ms/f, and the algorithm can meet the actual production needs of cotton harvester.

With the development of electronic technology, the signal generator used in most of the lab employs direct digital synthesis (DDS) technology. The signal generator using digital technology has advantages of high resolution and short conversion time and so on [1, 2]. Through ARM chip STM32F103VET6, we realize the control to the chip AD5791. At the same time, it engender high-accuracy periodic e exponential decremented signal. Doing above, we correct transient electromagnetic system which has been manufactured. The output signal amplitude is 5V. Frequency can be adjusted according to the sampling points and sampling time of the receiving device.

Variations in high pressure common rail (HPCR) system characteristic parameters influence injection characteristics and lead to fluctuation of fuel injection quantity (FIQ). The fuel injection quantity fluctuation (FIQF) has adverse affects both on coherence and stability of HPCR system. Numerical simulation model of HPCR has been developed and its accuracy has been validated by experimental results. Influence law and generation mechanism of FIQF caused by variations of different parameters such as fuel return pressure, solenoid reset force, control valve lift, fuel return orifice (A orifice) diameter, fuel inlet orifice (Z orifice) diameter, injector needle lift, needle pre-tightening force and injector flow coefficient in entire operating conditions have been analyzed.

A new algorithm of vehicle license plate automatic recognition for exit and entrance was proposed in this research. Firstly, using the gray information of vehicle license plate to locate plate roughly, and secondly using the color characteristics of the plate for accurate positioning in the rough location region, and then correcting the horizontal tilt of the plate by the method of Hough transform. After above processing, we adopt template matching method to recognize the plate characters. Experimental results indicated that the developed method can adapt to a variety of complex backgrounds and achieve the correct recognition of the vehicle license plate.

Matching behavioral treatment programs to different types of obese clients is a rarely studied strategy, thus guidelines for identifying who might benefit most from which program remain elusive. This study categorized the weight control self-efficacy beliefs of obese, postmenopausal women, and determined the effects of self-efficacy targeted versus non-targeted (control) treatment on weight loss outcomes (body habitus, physical conditioning, affect, and eating behaviors). Obese (BMI 33 ± 5), postmenopausal (60 ± 6 years old) women (n= 59) participated in a 6-month weight loss program. The 37 women categorized by Q methodology as Assured (self-confident, independent) were randomized to Assured (AT) or Non-Targeted (NT) treatment; the 22 Disbelievers (doubtful, wavering) were randomized to Disbeliever (DT) or NT treatment. At baseline, the Assureds had significantly smaller body girths and reported significantly greater self-esteem, fewer symptoms of binge eating, and less negative affect overeating than the Disbelievers. Improvement in these variables with weight loss erased significant differences between the groups and was a desired outcome. Treatment delivery type may have influenced attrition rate, since significantly more Assureds dropped from NT than AT and significantly more Disbelievers dropped from DT than NT. Thus, the self-efficacy type may serve as a means to identify different types of treatment needs (flexible vs. rigid) to sustain women’s adherence and success in the program. The significant weight loss outcomes for women in all groups argues for the incorporation of strategies to enhance self-efficacy but not the need for specific treatments that directly target self-efficacy types.

Reports on the veneration paid to the late former Communist Party Chairman Mao Zedong in China. Photographs of Mao hung in motor vehicles; Mao badge collection craze; Songs in his honor; Visits to the Chairman Mao Memorial Hall; Praise from writer Dong Huqui; Mao's lingering influence on Chinese modern society.

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text

Presently, classical optical communication systems employing strong laser pulses and quantum key distribution (QKD) systems working at single-photon levels are very different communication modalities. Dedicated devices are commonly required to implement QKD. In this paper, we propose a scheme which allows classical communication and QKD to be implemented simultaneously using the same communication infrastructure. More specially, we propose a coherent communication scheme where both the bits for classical communication and the Gaussian distributed random numbers for QKD are encoded on the same weak coherent pulse and decoded by the same coherent receiver. Simulation results based on practical system parameters show that both deterministic classical communication with a bit error rate of 10-9 and secure key distribution could be achieved over tens of kilometers of single-mode fibers. It is conceivable that in the future coherent optical communication network, QKD will be operated in the background of classical communication at a minimal cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quantum random-number generators (QRNGs) can offer a means to generate information-theoretically provable random numbers, in principle. In practice, unfortunately, the quantum randomness is inevitably mixed with classical randomness due to classical noises. To distill this quantum randomness, one needs to quantify the randomness of the source and apply a randomness extractor. Here, we propose a generic framework for evaluating quantum randomness of real-life QRNGs by min-entropy, and apply it to two different existing quantum random-number systems in the literature. Moreover, we provide a guideline of QRNG data postprocessing for which we implement two information-theoretically provable randomness extractors: Toeplitz-hashing extractor and Trevisan's extractor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quantum position verification (QPV) is the art of verifying the geographical location of an untrusted party. Recently, it has been shown that the widely studied Bennett & Brassard 1984 (BB84) QPV protocol is insecure after the 3 dB loss point assuming local operations and classical communication (LOCC) adversaries. Here, we propose a time-reversed entanglement swapping QPV protocol (based on measurement-device-independent quantum cryptography) that is highly robust against quantum channel loss. First, assuming ideal qubit sources, we show that the protocol is secure against LOCC adversaries for any quantum channel loss, thereby overcoming the 3 dB loss limit. Then, we analyze the security of the protocol in a more practical setting involving weak laser sources and linear optics. In this setting, we find that the security only degrades by an additive constant and the protocol is able to verify positions up to 47 dB channel loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]