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By providing a systematic analysis and comparing environment-friendly concepts, thorough researches about meanings of green design,eco-design and sustainable design were offered,and pointed out that eco-design and green design have mainly brought into focus on product technology elements, while those methods of product technology level always have obviously insufficient to change users behavior. So this paper attempted to outline some operable sustainable design strategies from the perspectives of product form elements and product function elements. In the aspect of product form elements, the core of strategy is that let nature visual through bionic design and edification design,which will be helpful to deeply enhance users’ environmental consciousness, bring users instinct emotions back to nature, and reconstruct the harmon vivid relationship between nature and human. In the aspect of product function elements, the strategy is that creat the constrainted and guiding operation function through constraint principle and unconscious design,which will be helpful to deeply change users careless behaviors towards more sustainable practices.

AbstractUnquestionably, aircraft industry plays an important part in both economy and security of a nation. However, few of articles have dealt with the spatial development of this industry sector. The purpose of this article is to analyze the dynamics of agglomeration and diffusion of aircraft industry. In a historical view, with some spatial analysis methods, this research discusses the characteristics and patterns of aircraft industry’s spatial organization and evolution, globally, nationally and regionally respectively. We find out there is a ‘Matthew effect’ in aircraft industry of the world, and the spatial evolution of the industry is consistent with the nation’s industrialization process. Then, it concludes that the main agglomeration forces consist of capital, talents, technology and cluster’s advantages, and the main diffusion forces include comparative advantages, cost and risk sharing, emerging markets, development policy for backward regions and military requirements. All the factors can be divided into market forces making the spatial development of aircraft industry normal and non-market forces making that irregular. In particular, lessons from the USA and France are expected to be conducive to the rise of China’s aircraft industry in the future.

Abstract: In this article, postsplenectomy changes of serum tuftsin level were studied on both human subjects and rabbits by using a self-established radioimmunoassay protocol. Antituftsin antibodies were raised in rabbits and roosters.125I-tuftsin was prepared through an Iodogen method. The characteristics of the RIA were satisfactory with a detecting range of 0.5–100 ug/ml and the lowest detection limit of 400ng/ml. Serum tuftsin levels of splenectomized subjects were measured and compared with control groups. The serum tuftsin level from 30 postsplenectomy human beings was 406±179 ng/ml ( $$\bar x$$ ± s) while that from a control group of 40 healthy blood donors was 557±256 ng/ml; the serum tuftsin level of 10 postsplenectomy rabbits was found to be 206±75 ng/ml while that of a control group of 10 normal rabbits was 318±96 ng/ml. The results showed that serum tuftsin level decreased markedly after splenectomy.