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Background: In general, fungal species are characterized by their opportunistic character and can trigger various infections in immunocompromised hosts. The emergence of infections associated with high mortality rates is due to the resistance mechanisms that these species develop. Methods: This phenomenon of resistance denotes the need for the development of new and effective therapeutic approaches. In this paper, we report the investigation of the antioxidant and antifungal behavior of dimeric naphthoquinones derived from lawsone whose antimicrobial and antioxidant potential has been reported in the literature. Results: Seven fungal strains were tested, and the antioxidant potential was tested using the combination of the methodologies: reducing power, total antioxidant capacity and cyclic voltammetry. Molecular docking studies (PDB ID 5V5Z and 1EA1) were conducted which allowed the derivation of structureactivity relationships (SAR). Compound 1-i, derived from 3-methylfuran-2-carbaldehyde showed the highest antifungal potential with an emphasis on the inhibition of Candida albicans species (MIC = 0.5 μg/mL) and the highest antioxidant potential. Conclusion: A combination of molecular modeling data and in vitro assays can help to find new solutions to this major public health problem.

The applicability of Baeyer–Villiger monooxygenases (BVMOs) in organoboron chemistry has been explored through testing chemo‐ and enantioselective oxidations of a variety of boron‐containing aromatic and vinylic compounds. Several BVMOs, namely: phenylacetone monooxygenase (PAMO), M446G PAMO mutant, 4‐hydroxyacetophenone monooxygenase (HAPMO) and cyclohexanone monooxygenase (CHMO) were used in this study. The degree of chemoselectivity depends on the type of BVMO employed, in which the biocatalysts prefer boron‐carbon oxidation over Baeyer–Villiger oxidation or epoxidation. Interestingly, it was discovered that PAMO can be used to perform kinetic resolution of boron‐containing compounds with good enantioselectivities. These findings extend the known biocatalytic repertoire of BVMOs by showing a new family of compounds that can be oxidized by these enzymes.

This paper reports a comparative study of the chemoselectivity and yields of the synthesis of Nalkyl4trihalomethyl1Hpyrimidin2ones carried out by the cyclocondensation of 4alkoxy1,1,1trihalo3alken2ones enones with methyl and allylureas with the Nalkylation of 4trihalomethyl1Hpyrimidin2ones with methyl iodide and allyl bromide. To determine the chemoselectivity of the products obtained, all compounds were fully analyzed by 1H and 13C NMR and 2D HMBC spectroscopy. This study has demonstrated that the cyclocondensation reactions give better yields and furnish either N1 or N3alkylated products depending on both the reaction conditions and the substituents on the enones, whereas the alkylation of pyrimidin2ones gives lower overall yields and either an N1alkylated product or a mixture of N1 and Oalkylated products.© WileyVCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008