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Los problemas emocionales constituyen uno de los principales retos para los sistemas educativos y sociosanitarios entre los jóvenes. El objetivo principal de este estudio ha sido analizar los síntomas de ansiedady depresiónen contextos educativos. Para ello se han examinado las tasas de prevalencia, se ha validado un test de cribado breve para evaluar la ansiedady la depresióny se ha estudiado su relación con el ajuste psicológico. Han participado un total de 2235 adolescentes españoles (M=14.49 años, DT=1.76; 52.9% mujeres). La versión breve desarrollada para valorar los problemas emocionales se ha ajustado a un modelo de dos factores (ansiedady depresión) relacionados. La fiabilidad de las puntuaciones ha sido ω=.82 y ω=.87. Los síntomas de ansiedady depresiónse han asociado positivamente con el afecto negativoy los problemas emocionales y de conducta, y negativamente con el afecto positivoy la calidad de vida. Las dificultades de regulación emocional parecen ser prevalentes en contextos educativos e impactan en diferentes indicadores de ajuste psicológico de los adolescentes. Los síntomas de ansiedady la depresiónse pueden evaluar con test de cribado breves. Se hace necesario implementar programas de prevención de problemas emocionales en contextos educativos.

Symptoms of anxiety and depression constitute one of the main challenges for educational and social-health systems among young people. The main objective of this study was to study the symptoms of anxiety and depression in educational contexts. For this purpose, prevalence rates have been analyzed, a brief screening test to assess anxiety and depression has been validated and its relationship with psychological adjustment has been studied. A total of 2228 Spanish adolescents (M=14.49 years, SD=1.76; 52.9% female) participated in the study. The brief version developed to assess emotional problems was adjusted to a two-factor model (depression and anxiety). The reliability of the scores was ω=.82 and ω=.87. Symptoms of anxiety and depression have been positively associated with negative affect and emotional and behavioural problems, and negatively related with positive affect and quality of life. Emotional regulation difficulties seen to be common in educational contexts and impact on different indicators of psychological adjustment during adolescence. Anxiety and depression can be assessed with reliable screening test. It is necessary to implement programs for the prevention of emotional problems in educational contexts.

La COVID-19 es una enfermedad con una gran semiología clínica, bioquímica y radiológica, que tiene una afectación preferente por el pulmón, probablemente debido a un mayor número de receptores ECA-2. La infección celular activa sustancias proinflamatorias y provoca un daño alveolar difuso, que es la base histopatológica del distrés respiratorio del adulto. La fase exudativa explicaría las imágenes “en vidrio deslustrado” y consolidación, mientras que la tendencia hacia una morfología más lineal representa la fase proliferativa. Tanto la tomografía computarizada (TC) como la tomografía por emisión de positrones/ tomografía computarizada (PET/TC) apoyan el carácter inflamatorio de las lesiones pulmonares cuando la enfermedad está en fase inicial o es leve-moderada.

Myelofibrosis (MF) occurs as part of the natural history of polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET), and remarkably shortens survival. Although JAK2V617F and CALRallele burden are the main transformation risk factors, inflammation plays a critical role by driving clonal expansion toward end-stage disease. NF-κB is a key mediator of inflammation-induced carcinogenesis. Here, we explored the involvement of miR-146a, a brake in NF-κB signaling, in MPN susceptibility and progression. rs2910164 and rs2431697, that affect miR-146a expression, were analyzed in 967 MPN (320 PV/333 ET/314 MF) patients and 600 controls. We found that rs2431697 TT genotype was associated with MF, particularly with post-PV/ET MF (HR = 1.5; p< 0.05). Among 232 PV/ET patients (follow-up time=8.5 years), 18 (7.8%) progressed to MF, being MF-free-survival shorter for rs2431697 TT than CC + CT patients (p= 0.01). Multivariate analysis identified TT genotype as independent predictor of MF progression. In addition, TT (vs. CC + CT) patients showed increased plasma inflammatory cytokines. Finally, miR-146a−/−mice showed significantly higher Stat3 activity with aging, parallel to the development of the MF-like phenotype. In conclusion, we demonstrated that rs2431697 TT genotype is an early predictor of MF progression independent of the JAK2V617F allele burden. Low levels of miR-146a contribute to the MF phenotype by increasing Stat3 signaling.

The single-arm, phase 2 ENESTfreedom trial assessed the potential for treatment-free remission (TFR; i.e., the ability to maintain a molecular response after stopping therapy) following frontline nilotinib treatment. Patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase with MR4.5(BCR-ABL1⩽0.0032% on the International Scale (BCR-ABL1IS)) and ⩾2 years of frontline nilotinib therapy were enrolled. Patients with sustained deep molecular response during the 1-year nilotinib consolidation phase were eligible to stop treatment and enter the TFR phase. Patients with loss of major molecular response (MMR; BCR-ABL1IS⩽0.1%) during the TFR phase reinitiated nilotinib. In total, 215 patients entered the consolidation phase, of whom 190 entered the TFR phase. The median duration of nilotinib before stopping treatment was 43.5 months. At 48 weeks after stopping nilotinib, 98 patients (51.6%; 95% confidence interval, 44.2–58.9%) remained in MMR or better (primary end point). Of the 86 patients who restarted nilotinib in the treatment reinitiation phase after loss of MMR, 98.8% and 88.4%, respectively, regained MMR and MR4.5by the data cutoff date. Consistent with prior reports of imatinib-treated patients, musculoskeletal pain-related events were reported in 24.7% of patients in the TFR phase (consolidation phase, 16.3%).

Los inhibidores de la tirosina cinasa (ITC) denominados de segunda generación (dasatinib y nilotinib) empleados en el tratamiento de la leucemia mieloide crónica (LMC) han demostrado un beneficio frente a imatinib en respuestas alcanzadas y progresiones de la enfermedad. No obstante, estos inhibidores se han relacionado con alguna forma de toxicidad cardiovascular, ocurriendo en su mayor parte en pacientes con factores de riesgo cardiovasculares (FRCV). El control de los FRCV se debe considerar por tanto imprescindible para un tratamiento adecuado de la LMC. En la actualidad, debido a la falta de recomendaciones en pacientes con LMC, el tratamiento de los FRCV se realiza de forma muy heterogénea. El objetivo de este trabajo es elaborar recomendaciones sobre la prevención y el seguimiento de episodios cardiovasculares (ECV) en pacientes con LMC tratados con ITC.

En los estudios de resonancia magnética cardíaca, la función sistólica del ventrículo izquierdo suele calcularse automáticamente. Entender cómo se obtiene cada parámetro de la función y el por qué de las diferencias que pueden existir entre los valores obtenidos con dos técnicas, por ejemplo ecografía y resonancia magnética, es fundamental para comprenderlas e interpretarlas adecuadamente. En este artículo se detalla el análisis habitual de la función sistólica desde un punto de vista cuantitativo y cualitativo, y se explican otros métodos que no requieren un software específico. Hemos diseñado (y lo aportamos para que pueda usarse libremente) un fichero que, empleando el programa Microsoft Excel®, permite analizar la función sistólica sencilla e intuitivamente.

La enfermedad invasiva por Streptococcus pneumoniae(EISP) presenta variaciones epidemiológicas en relación con la edad y el serotipo de neumococo aislado. Los objetivos del trabajo fueron analizar las formas clínicas y la mortalidad de EISP, los serotipos aislados y la tasa de resistencia a antimicrobianos en diferentes grupos de edad.

Robust detection of events and activities, such as falling, sitting, and lying down, is a key to a reliable elderly activity monitoring system. While fast and precise detection of falls is critical in providing immediate medical attention, other activities like sitting and lying down can provide valuable information for early diagnosis of potential health problems. In this paper, we present a fall detection and activity classification system using wearable cameras. Since the camera is worn by the subject, monitoring is not limited to confined areas, and extends to wherever the subject may go including indoors and outdoors. Furthermore, since the captured images are not of the subject, privacy concerns are alleviated. We present a fall detection algorithm employing histograms of edge orientations and strengths, and propose an optical flow-based method for activity classification. The first set of experiments has been performed with prerecorded video sequences from eight different subjects wearing a camera on their waist. Each subject performed around 40 trials, which included falling, sitting, and lying down. Moreover, an embedded smart camera implementation of the algorithm was also tested on a CITRIC platform with subjects wearing the CITRIC camera, and each performing 50 falls and 30 non-fall activities. Experimental results show the success of the proposed method.

Hand‐rearing giraffe calves is a challenging, time‐consuming and labour‐intensive process. There appears to be high individual variability among different calves. Different feeding schedules and milk substitutes have been used and are discussed. The use of whole cow's milk is recommended and can be mixed with different supplements or calf milk replacers. The authors recommend weaning the calf around 1 year of age.

The population of Talapoin monkeys Miopithecusspp in European zoos is small and, to date, few institutions have bred these monkeys regularly. During the period 2005–2009, several transfers were carried out in European Association of Zoos and Aquaria member zoos in order to build larger groups of animals, including one bachelor group, and talapoins have been introduced to several mixed‐species exhibits. Although talapoins benefit from the larger space available in such enclosures, incidental fatality as a result of conflicts with other Old World primate species has been recorded. As young ♀ talapoins were targeted in these incidences, the possible influence of sexuality as a factor is discussed.

Determinar la incidencia de complicaciones respiratorias y sus manifestaciones radiológicas convencionales y en la tomografía computarizada de alta resolución (TCAR) en una serie de pacientes con trasplante de progenitores hematopoyéticos (TPH). Se pretende valorar si la imagen radiológica unida al tiempo postrasplante puede ser de utilidad a la hora de establecer el diagnóstico diferencial.

El informe radiológico es la tarjeta de presentación del radiólogo en cuanto que categoriza la calidad y el buen quehacer de la profesión y es el inicio en tanto se llegue al diagnóstico y al desenlace con la solución de la enfermedad. Es necesario un buen informe en la RM cardíaca para buscar un lenguaje común y entendible con el médico que sugiere la prueba. También para que se unifique la forma de informar disponiendo de un formato con estructura homogénea y similar. Es importante no realizar únicamente un informe descriptivo, donde sólo se reflejen medidas, sino que debe tener una opinión. Por tanto, no es sólo lo que veo o mido, sino también que significa y que causa tiene.

The Galápagos Islands are home to 11 subspecies of large terrestrial tortoises (Geochelone nigra). All Galápagos tortoises are considered endangered and approximately 12,000 animals still exist. Until now, the reproductive cycle of the Galápagos tortoise has been studied only in captive animals, and no data from free-ranging tortoises have been available. During a one-year period, blood samples were collected from male and femaleG. nigraliving under seminatural conditions on Santa Cruz Island, Galápagos. Plasma steroid hormones were measured by radioimmunoassays (RIAs). In males, plasma testosterone and corticosterone increased a few months before the onset of the mating season. Peak levels were observed while most copulations occurred and environmental temperatures were highest. Both testosterone and corticosterone showed low levels during the cold and dry nesting season and high levels during the hot and rainy mating season. In females, testosterone and corticosterone also rose during the hot and rainy mating season. Both hormones peaked during the second half of the mating season and decreased during the cooler dry season. Female estradiol levels increased at the onset of the mating season, reaching the highest level at the peak of the mating season, which coincided with the highest annual temperatures measured. Estradiol slowly decreased within the next months and rapidly dropped at the onset of the nesting season when temperatures decreased. Progesterone levels were high close to the time of ovulation and showed clearly elevated levels at the beginning of the nesting season after some females had laid their first clutch. Progesterone decreased during the nesting season, when ambient temperatures began to decrease, and reached minimal levels in the postbreeding period shortly before the onset of the next mating season. There were significant annual variations in plasma testosterone in both males and females. Plasma corticosterone was generally higher in males than in females and varied throughout the year in both sexes.

A group of 60 consecutive women admitted to the gynaecology department of Eastbourne District General Hospital for pelvic pain were entered into this study. Evidence of C. trachomatis infection of the genital tract was investigated by detection of chlamydial lipopolysaccharide antigen in the peritoneal fluid collected from the pouch of Douglas during laparoscopy and in the endocervical swab. The test used was an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Peritoneal fluid was positive in 11 subjects (18%,P<0.05), endocervical swab was positive in 3 (5%,P<0.05). The difference was statistically significant (P=0.01, two tailed test at 1% level). Ten women with a positive ELISA on the peritoneal fluid had a negative cervical swab, 2 women with a positive cervical swab had negative peritoneal fluid and in only one women were both cervical swab and peritoneal fluid positive.

Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests.