Search

With the rapid progress of computer and communication technologies, (1) wireless and mobile networks and the Internet will be merged together sooner or later, and (2) more and more various client e-devices that allow people wireless, mobile WWW access will come out. The new wireless and mobile client e-devices are small and light, with medium powerful computing capability. Thus, how to allow users to interactively, i.e., step-by-step, retrieve information from WWW using the emerging various wireless and mobile e-devices, becomes a main issue in constructing a successful wireless and mobile information world. In this paper, we call the interactive procedure for retrieving information from the WWW Interactive Web Response (IWR); universal WWW access means that people can get information from the WWW using various kinds of client e-devices, including desktop PCs, light, small, wireless mobile pocket PCs and WAP/GPRS cellular phones, traditional communication e-device, e.g., DTMF phones and fax machines, and future e-devices, e.g., 3G/4G wireless mobile e-devices, that can connect to web servers. We will describe three main concerns for how to realize IWR using the concept of universal WWW access. Then, an IWR system is introduced in detail.

The mechanism of cream formation in a semi-fermented tea was investigated by adding caffeine or catechins to the de-creamed tea infusions. The addition of catechins to the clarified infusion could not re-induce cream formation. However, creaming occurred again after replenishing the de-creamed tea infusion with caffeine. It was thought that the ester-form catechins which possessed a galloyl group and a hydroxylphenyl B ring acted like a claw. They could thus entrap and interact with caffeine more effectively through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction to form a large complex, resulting in creaming. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry