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Thrombus and cardiovascular diseases pose a significant health threat, and dietary interventions have shown promising potential in reducing the incidence of these diseases. Marine bioactive proteins and peptides have been extensively studied for their antithrombotic properties. They can inhibit platelet activation and aggregation by binding to key receptors on the platelet surface. Additionally, they can competitively anchor to critical enzyme sites, leading to the inhibition of coagulation factors. Marine microorganisms also offer alternative sources for the development of novel fibrinolytic proteins, which can help dissolve blood clots. The advancements in technologies, such as targeted hydrolysis, specific purification, and encapsulation, have provided a solid foundation for the industrialization of bioactive peptides. These techniques enable precise control over the production and delivery of bioactive peptides, enhancing their efficacy and safety. However, it is important to note that further research and clinical studies are needed to fully understand the mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential of marine bioactive proteins and peptides in mitigating thrombotic events. The challenges and future application perspectives of these bioactive peptides also need to be explored.

PMMA/PPC/LiNO3SEI (PMCN-SEI) offers multiple sites of CO for polysulfide anchoring to constrain corrosion of Li in Li-S batteries. PMCN-SEI can homogenize Li-ion deposition behavior to achieve a dendrite-free anode.

In the post-pandemic era, food supply chains and firms therein are facing unprecedented severe challenges, because once infection is detected, numerous products must be recalled or abandoned, and both suppliers and retailers in the supply chain suffer enormous loss. To survive under the pandemic, retailers have adopted different sourcing strategies, such as contingent sourcing, which, in turn, affect the upstream suppliers and hence the resilience of the whole supply chain. With the rapid development of digital technologies, retailers nowadays can utilize blockchain as a reliable and efficient way to reduce product risk and hence advance the resilience of food supply chains by improving product traceability and inspection accuracy, and making sourcing transparent. In this paper, we develop a game-theoretic model to investigate the interrelation between the retailer’s decisions on blockchain adoption and sourcing strategies. We consider that a retailer originally orders from a risky supplier while conducting an imperfect inspection to detect infected products before selling. The retailer may speculatively keep on ordering from the risky supplier or adopt contingent sourcing by ordering from an alternative safe supplier. The retailer also has an option to implement blockchain to improve the inspection accuracy and product traceability. We derive the optimal retail prices under different sourcing strategies with and without blockchain adoption and then analyze the incentives for sourcing strategy and blockchain adoption. Then, we identify the conditions of an all-win situation for food retailer, supplier, supply chain resilience, and consumers with/without government subsidy. Finally, we extend to consider the situation that some consumers have health-safety concerns and preferences for blockchain adoption.

The LFP/NCM full cells assembled with PRPIC-SEI protective 20 µm Li metal achieve good electrochemical performances.

Electrochemical N2reduction reaction (NRR) emerges as a highly attractive alternative to the Haber-Bosch process for producing ammonia (NH3) under ambient circumstances. Currently, this technology still faces tremendous challenges due to the low ammonia production rate and low Faradaic efficiency, urgently prompting researchers to explore highly efficient electrocatalysts. Inspired by the Fe–Mo cofactor in nitrogenase, we report Mo-doped hematite (Fe2O3) porous nanospheres containing Fe-O-Mo subunits for enhanced activity and selectivity in the electrochemical reduction from N2to NH3. Mo-doping induces the morphology change from a solid sphere to a porous sphere and enriches lattice defects, creating more active sites. It also regulates the electronic structures of Fe2O3to accelerate charge transfer and enhance the intrinsic activity. As a consequence, Mo-doped Fe2O3achieves effective N2fixation with a high ammonia production rate of 21.3 ± 1.1 μg h–1mgcat.–1as well as a prominent Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 11.2 ± 0.6%, superior to the undoped Fe2O3and other iron oxide catalysts. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further unravel that the Mo-doping in Fe2O3(110) narrows the band gap, promotes the N2activation on the Mo site with an elongated N≡N bond length of 1.132 Å in the end-on configuration, and optimizes an associative distal pathway with a decreased energy barrier. Our results may pave the way toward enhancing the electrocatalytic NRR performance of iron-based materials by atomic-scale heteroatom doping.

A wearable textile that is engineered to reflect incoming sunlight and allow the transmission of mid-infrared radiation simultaneously would have a great impact on the human body’s thermal regulation in an outdoor environment. However, developing such a textile is a tough challenge. Using nanoparticle-doped polymer (zinc oxide and polyethylene) materials and electrospinning technology, we have developed a nanofabric with the desired optical properties and good applicability. The nanofabric offers a cool fibrous structure with outstanding solar reflectivity (91%) and mid-infrared transmissivity (81%). In an outdoor field test under exposure of direct sunlight, the nanofabric was demonstrated to reduce the simulated skin temperature by 9 °C when compared to skin covered by a cotton textile. A heat-transfer model is also established to numerically assess the cooling performance of the nanofabric as a function of various climate factors, including solar intensity, ambient air temperature, atmospheric emission, wind speed, and parasitic heat loss rate. The results indicate that the nanofabric can completely release the human body from unwanted heat stress in most conditions, providing an additional cooling effect as well as demonstrating worldwide feasibility. Even in some extreme conditions, the nanofabric can also reduce the human body’s cooling demand compared with traditional cotton textile, proving this material as a feasible solution for better thermoregulation of the human body. The facile fabrication of such textiles paves the way for the mass adoption of energy-free personal cooling technology in daily life, which meets the growing demand for healthcare, climate change, and sustainability.

Li metal battery with higher energy density becomes increasing important to reach a carbon neutrality society. However, the usage of Li metal is usually failed due to the side-reactions, dendrite formations, and volume expansion. To tackle these difficulties, artificial solid electrolyte interphase with multiple functions is proposed. In our work, a magnesium-based inorganic-organic film is coated on Li metal with tape-casting. LixMg alloy and nano-LiF particles produced after activation process can lower the nucleation energy barriers and increase the Li ion transportation. Polymer layers with high flexibility are adopted to control the volume change caused by repeatly lithium plating/stripping. As a result, the Li symmetrical cell runs stable for 1300 h with a lower over-potential of 3 mV under limited carbonate electrolyte. Li metal batteries degradation mechanism with different N/P ratio and C rates are discussed in details. The full cell with LiFePO4and 30 μm Li foil delivers a capacity of 132 mA h g−1after 300 cycles, the bare Li is dead after 75 cycles due to the loss of active lithium. LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2coupled with modified Li foil with mass loading of 1.44 mA h cm−2is superior than bare Li at 1 C, the latter quickly die due to the dry-out of electrolyte.

Electrocatalysts are the cores of many electrochemical reactions including hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR), and CO2reduction reaction (CO2RR). Recent advances in research have demonstrated the potentials of molybdenum carbide-based catalysts for these reactions arising out of their unique electronic structure and physicochemical properties. In this review, we systematically summarize the recent advances of molybdenum carbide-based catalysts in these electrochemical processes. The corresponding synthesis strategies, structure and electrocatalytic performance of the catalysts are discussed and the relationships of the process-structure-property are highlighted. In addition, the catalytic mechanisms are analyzed based on the structure characterization and theoretical calculations results. Finally, the existing challenges and future perspectives are put forward for further development of molybdenum carbide-based catalysts.

Designing composite material that contains high-active oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) species is an effective strategy for synthesizing bifunctional electrocatalysts for Zn–air batteries. In this work, we first reported the preparation of the Co6Mo6C2–Co@NC nanorod composite by using the Mo-polydopamine@ZIF-67 composite as the precursor. Because of the highly active Co6Mo6C2for OER and the high-active Co for ORR, the Co6Mo6C2–Co@NC exhibits superior OER activity, with a low overpotential of 268 mV at 10 mA cm−2, and high ORR performance. When used as bifunctional electrocatalysts for the Zn–air battery, the battery exhibits a high open-circuit voltage of 1.38 V and a specific capacity of 760 mA/h/g, as well as very high stability of up to 300 h with no obvious increase in charge–discharge voltage gap.

A facile, one step procedure is proposed to prepare hyperporous carbons by using zinc organic salts as precursors. The volatile character of zinc at high temperature not only leads to high specific surface area, but also avoids the post-washing step after carbonization. The pore texture of the carbons can be easily turned by using different precursor and the factors that affect the porosity are examined in detail. It is found that a precursor with a high Zn/C ratio and chain-like structure tends to form high specific surface area carbons. The carbons show high potential when used for CO2capture and electrode material of supercapacitor. Especially for Zn–C–C derived from zinc citrate, shows a high specific surface area of 2933 cm3 g−1, a high CO2uptake of 88 cm3 g−1at 298 K and a high capacitance of 260 F g−1at a current density of 1 A g−1. We believe that by choosing proper Zn organic salts precursors, carbonaceous materials with properties that surpass those reported here can be prepared and more application fields are waited to be extended by these carbons.