1. Acrolein Exposure Impaired Glucose Homeostasis and Increased Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: An Urban Adult Population-Based Cohort Study with Repeated Measures
- Author
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Wang, Bin, Liu, Wei, Yu, Linling, Ye, Zi, Cheng, Man, Qiu, Weihong, Zhou, Min, Ma, Jixuan, Wang, Xing, Yang, Meng, Song, Jiahao, and Chen, Weihong
- Abstract
Acrolein is an identified high-priority hazardous air pollutant ubiquitous in daily life and associated with cardiometabolic risk that attracts worldwide attention. However, the etiology role of acrolein exposure in glucose dyshomeostasis and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is unclear. This repeated-measurement prospective cohort study included 3522 urban adults. Urine/blood samples were repeatedly collected for determinations of acrolein metabolites (N-acetyl-S-(3-hydroxypropyl)-l-cysteine, N-acetyl-S-(2-carboxyethyl)-l-cysteine; acrolein exposure biomarkers), glucose homeostasis, and T2D at baseline and a three-year follow-up. We found that each 3-fold increment in acrolein metabolites was cross-sectionally associated with 5.91–6.52% decrement in homeostasis model assessment-insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IS) and 0.07–0.14 mmol/L, 4.02–4.57, 5.91–6.52, 19–20, 18–19, and 23–31% increments in fasting glucose (FPG), fasting insulin (FPI), HOMA-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), risks of prevalent IR, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and T2D, respectively; longitudinally, participants with sustained-high acrolein metabolite levels had increased risks of incident IR, IFG, and T2D by 63–80, 87–99, and 120–154%, respectively (P< 0.05). In addition, biomarkers of heme oxygenase-1 activity (exhaled carbon monoxide), lipid peroxidation (8-iso-prostaglandin-F2α), protein carbonylation (protein carbonyls), and oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine) mediated 5.00–38.96% of these associations. Our study revealed that acrolein exposure may impair glucose homeostasis and increase T2D risk via mediating mechanisms of heme oxygenase-1 activation, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, and oxidative DNA damage.
- Published
- 2023
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