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•Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT) is feasible after failure of chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy (CAR-T) in patients with large B cell lymphoma.•AlloHCT may contribute to long-term survival and should be considered in eligible patients.•Survival after CAR-T failure is associated with favorable pre-CAR-T features.•There is no gold standard for bridging into alloHCT.

Background:In the past years, chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy targeting CD19 have been shown to be a new and effective treatment option in patients with relapsed/refractory non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, infections with severe and potentially life-threatening complications can be induced by either lymphodepleting chemotherapy and/or the infusion of CAR-T cells, while side effects such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS) might further complicate differential diagnosis.

Derigs: MSD: Honoraria. Müller-Tidow:MSD: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Luft:Neovii: Research Funding; JAZZ: Research Funding. Dreger:MSD: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Sponsoring of Symposia; AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Gilead, Janssen, Novartis, Riemser, Roche: Consultancy; Neovii, Riemser: Research Funding; AbbVie, Gilead, Novartis, Riemser, Roche: Speakers Bureau. Schmitt:MSD: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Sponsoring of Symposia; Therakos Mallinckrodt: Other: Financial Support.

Competing Interests: C.M.-T. received research support from Bayer AG, is an advisory board member of Pfizer and Janssen-Cilag GmbH, and has received grants and/or provision of investigational medicinal products from Pfizer, Daiichi Sankyo, and BioLineRx. P.D. has received honorarium from MSD.