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Managers and unions in public and private sector unionized workplaces, as well as scholars, are keenly interested in the problems that arise in the area of union grievances. The objective of this article was to study two of these issues: the propensity to grieve and employee perceptions of the effectiveness of the grievance procedure itself. In examining the first theme, we build upon Wheller's theory of industrial conflict. Our findings confirmed the relevance of this theory as a framework for the analysis of the propensity to grieve. Our findings also demonstrated that employees are rarely satisfied with the grievance procedure. Finally, we concluded the grievance procedure is ineffective on the basis of the criteria generally found in the pertinent literature. Our data was taken from a survey distributed to 876 potential respondents who work in one of the major departments of the Canadian public service.

Yields of various products have been measured in the photolysis of isoprene at 184.9, 213.8, and 228.8 nm and at pressures between 1 and 400 Torr. At each wavelength, the major process is the rupture of a C—CH3bond, which leads to the formation of methyl and CH2=C=CHCH2. The quantum yield for this process is 0.83 ± 0.08 at 213.8 nm. The lifetime of the intermediate involved in this process is 20 ns at 184.9 nm. Similar quantities of ethylene and C3H4and propene and acetylene are measured. All the measured yields decrease with an increase in the pressure. In addition to these fragmentation processes, isomerization reactions are also observed, particularly at 228.8 nm. They lead to the formation of 1,3- and 1,4-pentadiene as well as 3-methyl-1,2-butadiene. The Stern–Volmer plot for each isomer is different and each plot shows a strong negative curvature, indicating the complexity of the reaction process. The lifetime of each intermediate is 2 ns or less.

ABSTRACTThe essential oil, which was obtained by hydrodistillation from aerial parts of Achillea millefoliumL. complex (Compositae), was analyzed using both GC/MS and Kovat's indices. The major components extracted from the stems, leaves and inflorescences were found to be β-thujone (8.3–21.7%), camphor (8.6–11.7%), 1, 8-cineole (7.7–15.2%), β-pinene (3.8–7.8%) and sabinene (5.7–8.9%). More than sixty components have been identified; forty of which, mainly oxygenated compounds, are reported for the first time. Variations in the essential oil composition and yield during hydrodistillation are also reported.