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The article reflects on emergence of Adivasis as the largest population of Indigenous People in the world. It mentions that the Supreme Court of India affirmed that the Adivasis are the original inhabitants of India; and their contribution towards rich cultural heritage of India. It also mentions that Indian Parliament recognised the Forest Rights Act 2006 committed to the Scheduled Tribes of India.

India's forest biodiversity management regime is analysed at the policy, legal and institutional levels from the perspective of the triple objectives of the Convention on Biological Diversity and the principles of the Indian constitution. The forest biodiversity management regime has both structural and functional flaws that render it largely incapable of facing the challenge of increasing biodiversity degradation and deepeningpoverty among the Adivasis and other forest-dependent communities. This paper argues for the reform of the forest biodiversity management regime and ojfers recommendations in regard to most aspects of the regime, with a view of putting the country's conservation enterprise on a course that is effective, sustainable and inclusive, rejecting the report of the High Power Committee or the Subramanian Committee, which is premised on easing corporate access to forests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractProtected areas are a critical tool for sustainable biodiversity management, but their governance is constrained by the historical exclusion of the local communities and Indigenous Peoples. This paper argues that the effective participation of local stakeholders would make the protected area enterprise socially acceptable, improve its management efficiency and help expand the area of coverage as well. However, the doctrinal acceptance of community participation has to be matched by policy, legal and institutional reforms in order for it to materialise in the field. The institutional options available at the protected area site level, the essential capacity building issues, and the range of engagements that community organisations can be tasked with are examined.

Daucus carota(carrot) has been used in traditional medicine to treat hypertension. Activity-directed fractionation of aerial parts of D. carotaresulted in the isolation of two Cumarin glycosides coded as DC-2 and DC-3. Intravenous administration of these compounds caused a dose-dependent (1–10 mg/kg) fall in arterial blood pressure in normotensive anaesthetised rats. In the in vitrostudies, both compounds caused a dose-dependent (10–200 μg/ml) inhibitory effect on spontaneously beating guinea pig atria as well as on the K+-induced contractions of rabbit aorta at similar concentrations. These results indicate that DC-2 and DC-3 may be acting through blockade of calcium channels and this effect may be responsible for the blood pressure lowering effect of the compounds observed in the in vivostudies.

The article focuses on the effort of the Indian government under Prime Minister Narendra Modi to subvert the Plachimada Coca Cola Victims Compensation Claims Tribunal Bill which was passed by the Kerala Assembly of Kerala, India. Topics include a letter sent by Indian Home Ministry to Kerala Government requesting to remove the bill, and creation of the High Power Committee by Kerala to investigate social and environmental impact of a plant of the beverage firm Coca Cola in Plachimada, Kerala.

Three new triterpenoids, azadironolide [24,25,26,27-tetranorapoeupha-7α-acetoxy-23ξ-hydroxy-21,23-epoxy-1,14,20(22)-trien-3,21-dione] (1), isoazadironolide [24,25,26,27-tetranorapoeupha-7α-acetoxy-21ξ-hydroxy-21,23-epoxy-1,14,20(22)-trien-3,23-dione] (2), and azadiradionolide [24,25,26,27-tetranorapoeupha-7α-acetoxy-21,23-epoxy-1,14,20(22)-trien-3,16,21-trione] (3), were isolated from the fresh fruit coats of Azadirachta indica. Their structures have been elucidated through spectral analysis.

Studies on the EtOH extract of fresh pods of Moringa oleifera have resulted in the isolation of a novel glycoside niazidin (1) possessing an O-nitrile thiocarbamate group, along with thiocarbamate, carbamate, and isothiocyanate glycosides. Their structures have been determined through spectral studies, including appropriate 2D NMR experiments and chemical reaction. Fatty acid esters, long-chain hydrocarbons, carbamic acid, isocyanates, isothiocyanates, phenolic esters, nitriles, nitrile ester (3), polysulfide sulfinate (4), and a benzyl thiocarbamate (5), along with elemental sulfur (S8), have also been identified through GC−MS.

Two new triterpenoids, 22,23-dihydronimocinol (1) and desfurano-6α-hydroxyazadiradione (2), were isolated from a methanolic extract of the fresh leaves of Azadirachta indica (neem) along with a known meliacin, 7α-senecioyl-(7-deacetyl)-23-O-methylnimocinolide. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated through spectral and chemical studies. Compounds 1 and 2 showed mortality for fourth instar larvae of the mosquito (Anopheles stephensi), with LC50 values of 60 and 43 ppm, respectively.

The article reviews the Union Home Ministry's demand to withdraw Plachimada Coca-Cola Victims Compensation Claims Tribunal Bill. The move is a setback for the people demanding compensation from devastation caused by the operation of the plant established by the Coca-Cola company Plachimada area in Palakkad district of Kerala. There are speculations of multinational corporation pressurizing towards the subversion.

The title compounds (I) and (II) are isolated from the title species.

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