Search

The experiences of war and refugee status can alter intrafamily dynamics, with implications for family formation, including marriage. We use the nationally representative Syrian Migrant Sample of the 2018 Turkey Demographic Health Survey (TDHS-S) to conduct a duration analysis of marriage outcomes among Syrian refugees in Turkey, tracking women throughout their residence in prewar Syria (before the conflict began in 2011), postwar Syria (after the conflict began but before arrival in Turkey), and Turkey. We find that early marriage was more prominent among refugees who were unmarried at the time of migration than among those married before migration; the mean marriage age dropped from 19.6 in prewar Syria to 19.1 in postwar Syria and 18.1 in Turkey. Using the TDHS-S and prewar Syrian surveys, we show that this finding aligns with the observed declines in household income and young women's opportunity cost of marriage. Our duration analysis also reveals a notable shift from traditional arranged marriages to more modern marriage forms among refugees in Turkey. An intergenerational power shift might drive the shift toward nonarranged marriages. After arrival in Turkey, wealth and employment of parents decline among refugees. In contrast, Syrian youth in Turkey have higher age-adjusted employment rates than in prewar Syria. Moreover, nonarranged marriages increase more among demographic groups with stronger intergenerational power shifts than among groups with weaker shifts.

Polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs) are a class of promising gas separation materials due to their high membrane permeabilities and reasonable selectivities. When processed into thin film composite (TFC) membranes, their high gas throughput aligns closely with industrial requirements, but they are prone to physical aging and plasticization effects. TFC membranes based on the prototypical PIM-1 and its carboxylated derivative cPIM-1 exhibit temperature-dependent gas permeation behavior, which has not been extensively studied before. In single CO2permeation tests, measurable physical aging occurred when the temperature was raised to 55 °C within a period of 90 min, and the aging rate accelerated as temperature was raised further. TFC membranes prepared from cPIM-1 exhibited a faster aging rate compared to PIM-1 at the same temperature. The decreased permeance could be at least partially recovered through a 5 day methanol vapor treatment. In mixed gas experiments, all membranes showed decreased permselectivities at elevated temperatures. The plasticization pressure of TFC membranes occurred at around 1 bar of CO2partial pressure, independent of temperature. Significant plasticization was particularly evident for cPIM-1 TFC membranes under CO2/CH4conditions with increasing temperature, which resulted in increased gas permeance for both components.

AbstractRationale: Guidelines recommend biomarker testing to phenotype patients with severe asthma (SA), to guide treatment. However, biomarker levels fluctuate, and individual responses to biologics are not fully understood.Objectives: This study estimated the proportion of patients experiencing biomarker variability and the real-world effectiveness of biologics in SA.Methods: A population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted using administrative data from Alberta, Canada (April 1, 2010 to March 31, 2020) for patients with SA. Year-to-year variability in biomarker levels was assessed using clinical thresholds (blood eosinophil count [EOS] ≥ 300 cells/µL; immunoglobin E [IgE] ≥ 30 IU/mL) to explore category switching. Incidence rate ratios of exacerbations were estimated by biomarker level. Associations between follow-up time with biologics exposure (bio-experience), biomarker levels and exacerbation rates were modeled.Results: Up to 28% of SA patients displayed year-over-year biomarker threshold switching for EOS and up to 12% for IgE. Severe exacerbation rates were higher with blood EOS count ≥300cells/µL or IgE ≥30 IU/mL. Bio-experience was associated with lower blood EOS versus pre-bio-experience (relative mean EOS: 0.53 [0.42-0.68]), persisting >1 year following discontinuation. Bio-experience was associated with a nearly 50% reduction in exacerbation risk after initiating biologics (IRR = 0.54 [0.48, 0.62]), regardless of comorbid status.Conclusions: Higher biomarker levels were associated with higher exacerbation rates, but a proportion of patients demonstrated variability, crossing clinical thresholds. Treatments with upstream agents targeting multiple pathways of inflammation may circumvent this issue. Biologics had real-world effectiveness in reducing SA biomarkers. Their persistent temporal effect provides a groundwork for exploring cost-effective biologics use.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of partisan political control on financial performance, structure, and outcomes of for-profit and not-for-profit US nursing homes.Data Sources/Study Setting: Nineteen-year panel (1996-2014) of state election outcomes, financial performance data from nursing home cost reports, operational and aggregate resident characteristics from OSCAR of 13 737 nursing homes.Study Design: A linear panel model was estimated to identify the effect of Democratic and Republican political control on next year's outcomes. Nursing home outcomes were defined as yearly facility revenues, expenses, and profits; the number of Medicaid, Medicare, and private-pay residents; staffing levels; and selected resident outcomes.Principal Findings: Democratic political control leads to an increase in financial flows to for-profit nursing homes, boosting profits without producing observable improvements in resident outcomes. Republican political control leads to lower revenues and profits of for-profit nursing homes. A shift from Medicaid to more profitable private-pay residents following Republican political control is observed for all nursing homes. Financial performance of not-for-profit nursing homes is not significantly affected by changes in political control.Conclusion: Political control of the two legislative chambers--but not of the governorship--shapes the structure of the nursing home industry as seen in provider behavior.KEYWORDSMedicaid, political control, public spending, 1 | INTRODUCTIONUS health care expenditures represent a substantial portion of public spending and are therefore likely to be affected by partisan political control. At the federal level, for example, [...]

Polymers with intrinsic microporosity (PIMs) are gaining attention as gas separation membranes. Nevertheless, they face limitations due to their pronounced physical aging. In this study, a covalent organic framework containing λ5-phosphinine moieties, CPSF-EtO, was incorporated as a nanofiller (concentration range 0–10 wt %) into a PIM-1 matrix forming dense films with a thickness of ca. 100 μm. The aim of the investigation was to investigate possible enhancements of gas transport properties and mitigating effects on physical aging. The incorporation of the nanofiller occurred on an nanoaggregate level with domains up to 100 nm, as observed by T-SEM and confirmed by X-ray scattering. Moreover, the X-ray data show that the structure of the microporous network of the PIM-1 matrix is changed by the nanofiller. As molecular mobility is fundamental for gas transport as well as for physical aging, the study includes dielectric investigations of pure PIM-1 and PIM-1/CPSF-EtO mixed matrix membranes to establish a correlation between the molecular mobility and the gas transport properties. Using the time-lag method, the gas permeability and the permselectivity were determined for N2, O2, CH4, and CO2for samples with variation in filler content. A significant increase in the permeability of CH4and CO2(50% increase compared to pure PIM-1) was observed for a concentration of 5 wt % of the nanofiller. Furthermore, the most pronounced change in the permselectivity was found for the gas pair CO2/N2at a filler concentration of 7 wt %.

AbstractRATIONALEA comprehensive understanding of the burden of illness and management strategies for severe asthma (SA), especially by disease control, is lacking in Canada.OBJECTIVESThe objectives of this study were to describe treatments, exacerbation outcomes and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) for patients with controlled and uncontrolled SA in Alberta, Canada.METHODSA retrospective cohort of SA patients 12+ years (April 1, 2011 to March 31, 2020) was identified from administrative health data, based on medication dispensed for controlling asthma symptoms, stratified by disease control at index. Treatment patterns were analyzed for incident SA patients. Annualized exacerbation incidence rate ratios (IRR) were estimated throughout follow-up and stratified by disease control at index. Asthma-specific HCRU and direct costs were calculated.RESULTSThe study cohort included 74,134 patients (12.4% of eligible asthma patients) of whom 71,099 (95.5%) were classified as controlled and 3,035 (4.1%) as uncontrolled at index. Inhaled corticosteroid + long-acting beta agonist (ICS + LABA) was the most frequent first-line therapy among incident SA patients (n = 53,084), received by 42.7% of patients. A minority received >2 lines of therapy; few received triple therapy. The uncontrolled (at index) versus controlled (at index) cohort had a 5.5 times higher exacerbation rate (IRR: 5.5, 95% CI: 5.1–5.8; p < 0.001), higher HCRU, and higher associated annual costs (mean [SD]: $3,799 [$6,668] uncontrolled vs $1,339 [$2,515] controlled).CONCLUSIONSSA, whether controlled or uncontrolled at index, was associated with ongoing exacerbations and HCRU despite treatment intensification that identified patients as having SA. Some treatment patterns appeared misaligned with guidelines, suggesting potential need for better recognition of asthma severity and escalating therapies.

The acquisition of CoIIby the corrin component of vitamin B12follows one of two distinct pathways, referred to as early or late CoIIinsertion. The late insertion pathway exploits a CoIImetallochaperone (CobW) from the COG0523 family of G3E GTPases, while the early insertion pathway does not. This provides an opportunity to contrast the thermodynamics of metalation in a metallochaperone-requiring and a metallochaperone-independent pathway. In the metallochaperone-independent route, sirohydrochlorin (SHC) associates with the CbiK chelatase to form CoII-SHC. CoII-buffered enzymatic assays indicate that SHC binding enhances the thermodynamic gradient for CoIItransfer from the cytosol to CbiK. In the metallochaperone-dependent pathway, hydrogenobyrinic acid a,c-diamide (HBAD) associates with the CobNST chelatase to form CoII-HBAD. Here, CoII-buffered enzymatic assays indicate that CoIItransfer from the cytosol to HBAD-CobNST must somehow traverse a highly unfavorable thermodynamic gradient for CoIIbinding. Notably, there is a favorable gradient for CoIItransfer from the cytosol to the MgIIGTP-CobW metallochaperone, but further transfer of CoIIfrom the GTP-bound metallochaperone to the HBAD-CobNST chelatase complex is thermodynamically unfavorable. However, after nucleotide hydrolysis, CoIItransfer from the chaperone to the chelatase complex is calculated to become favorable. These data reveal that the CobW metallochaperone can overcome an unfavorable thermodynamic gradient for CoIItransfer from the cytosol to the chelatase by coupling this process to GTP hydrolysis.

Objective. To determine whether the rate of rehospitalization is lower among patients discharged to skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) with which a hospital has a strong linkage. Data Sources/Collection. We used national Medicare enrollment, claims, and the Minimum Data Set to examine 2.8 million newly discharged patients to 15,063 SNFs from 2,477 general hospitals between 2004 and 2006. Study Design. We examined the relationship between the proportion of discharges from a hospital and alternative SNFs on the rehospitalization of patients treated by that hospital-SNF pair using an instrumental variable approach. We used distances to alternative S NFs from residence of the patients of the originating hospital as the instrument. Principal Findings. Our estimates suggest that if the proportion of a hospital's discharges to an SNF was to increase by 10 percentage points, the likelihood of patients treated by that hospital-SNF pair to be rehospitalized within 30 days would decline by 1.2 percentage points, largely driven by fewer rehospitalizations within a week of hospital discharge. Conclusions. Stronger hospital-SNF linkages, independent of hospital ownership, were found to reduce rehospitalization rates. As hospitals are held accountable for patients' outcomes postdischarge under the Affordable Care Act, hospitals may steer their patients preferentially to fewer SNFs. Key Words. Health economics, instrumental variables, health care organizations and systems, Over the last three decades, Medicare payment policies created silos that exacerbated health care fragmentation and increased health care transitions, including rehospitalizations. A growing number of hospitalized patients are discharged [...]

Objective, To assess the impact of state Medicaid wage pass-through policy on direct-care staffing levels in U.S. nursing homes. Data Sources. Online Survey Certification and Reporting (OSCAR) data, and state Medicaid nursing home reimbursement policies over the period 1996-2004. Study Design. A fixed-effects panel model with two-step feasible-generalized least squares estimates is used to examine the effect of pass-through adoption on direct-care staff hours per resident day (HPRD) in nursing homes. Data Collection/Extraction Methods. A panel data file tracking annual OSCAR surveys per facility over the study period is linked with annual information on state Medicaid wage pass-through and related policies. Principal Findings. Among the states introducing wage pass-through over the study period, the policy is associated with between 3.0 and 4.0 percent net increases in certified nurse aide (CNA) HPRD in the years following adoption. No discemable pass-through effect is observed on either registered nurse or licensed practical nurse HPRD. Conclusions. State Medicaid wage pass-through programs offer a potentially effective policy tool to boost direct-care CNA staffing in nursing homes, at least in the short term. Key Words. Medicaid, wage pass-through, direct-care staff, nursing homes, Two decades after the landmark legislation of the Nursing Home Reform Act as part of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987, substandard quality of care in the nation's nursing [...]

Byline: Kurt E. Wehberg, Andrew H. Foster, Robert M. Wise, Joseph S. McLaughlin, Martha J. Brunner Abstract: Fluid accumulation during cardiopulmonary bypass may be related to the production of endogenous vasoactive substances. We investigated the role of nitric oxide in mediating fluid accumulation during cardiopulmonary bypass. Normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass was carried out for 3 hours in male Sprague-Dawley rats with constant, nonpulsatile flow and hemodilution. Fluid accumulation (rate of change of external reservoir volume) was measured under three experimental conditions: saline solution control (n = 8), l-arginine infusion (n = 6), and N -nitro-l-arginine methyl ester infusion (n = 6). At the end of the experiments, body weight and organ wet/dry ratios were examined. Percentage weight gain was 77% greater in the N -nitro-l-arginine methyl ester group and 23% less in the l-arginine group compared with control values. Fluid accumulation was increased with N -nitro-l-arginine methyl ester after 30 minutes (p < 0.01) and reduced with l-arginine after 120 minutes (p < 0.01) compared with control animals. Water content was significantly decreased in the heart, lung, skin, muscle and peritoneum in rats receiving l-arginine. These data suggest that endogenous nitric oxide plays an important role in minimizing fluid accumulation during cardiopulmonary bypass. (J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1996;112:168-74) Article History: Received 26 April 1995; Accepted 7 August 1995 Article Note: (footnote) [star] From the Departments of Surgery and Physiologya and the Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery,b University of Maryland Medical System, Baltimore, Md., [star][star] Address for reprints: Andrew H. Foster, MD, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Room N4W93, 22 S. Green St., Baltimore, MD 21201., a 0022-5223/96 $5.00 + 0, aa 12/1/69253

PIM-1/holey graphene oxide (GO) mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) have been prepared and their gas separation performance for CO2/CH4mixtures assessed. Nanopores have been created in the basal plane of gas-impermeable GO by chemical etching reactions, and the resulting holey flakes have been further chemically functionalized, either with octadecylamine (ODA) or with PIM-1 moieties, to aid their dispersion in PIM-1. It is found that nanopores barely promote gas transport through the graphene-like nanofiller for fresh membranes (tested right after preparation); however, the prepared hybrid PIM-1/holey GO membranes exhibit higher CO2permeability and CO2/CH4selectivity than the pure polymer membrane 150 days after preparation and 13 and 15% higher CO2permeability for filler contents of 0.1% of octadecylamine-functionalized holey GO and 1% of (PIM-1)-functionalized holey GO, respectively. The most significant improvement is observed for the mitigation of physical aging, as MMMs using 10% of (PIM-1)-functionalized holey GO nanofillers are capable of maintaining up to 70% of their initial CO2permeability after 150 days, whereas only 53% is kept for pure PIM-1 after the same period. The gas permeability of the nanofiller has been rationalized with the aid of the Maxwell–Wagner–Sillars equation.

A dynamic relationship exists between trading volume and price variability in crude oil futures markets. The magnitude of trading volume and price change dispersion exhibit symmetry, allowing these markets to be directly unaffected by signs of a price change. The generalized method of moments is useful for studying volume-volatility relationships.

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of establishing a recovery college in an Australian acute and community adult mental health service. Very little has been published on efforts to incorporate recovery colleges in inpatient settings other than forensic. This study offers an evaluation of feasibility and acceptability of this service model within a health-care setting. Design/methodology/approach: Participant feedback and qualitative implementation data, from an acute mental health-care inpatient ward and adult community care were used. Participants were mental health service consumers and staff. The intervention involved a co-produced, co-designed, co-delivered and co-received educational opportunity for mental health consumers, carers, staff and the community. Findings: Feedback from course participants indicates that learning objectives were met by the majority of participants, while stakeholders identified that establishing a recovery college within both the inpatient and community health-care service was feasible at a service level and broadly acceptable to consumers. Originality/value: Establishing an adult recovery college in inpatient and community care is likely to be effective re-orientating mental health-care services as well as improving outcomes for consumers.

From a 50-goal campaign on a $5.5-million cap hit to 75 points on a $1.5-million cap hit, these 10 players outperformed their contracts during this past NHL season. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A low cross-link density (LCD) network-PIM-1, which offers high compatibility with the polymer of intrinsic microporosity PIM-1, is synthesized by a modified PIM-1 polycondensation that combines both a tetrafluoro- and an octafluoro-monomer. To maximize the advantages of utilizing such cross-linked PIM-1 fillers in PIM-1-based mixed matrix membranes (MMMs), a grafting route is used to decorate the LCD-network-PIM-1 (dispersed phase) with PIM-1 chains, to further enhance compatibility with the PIM-1 matrix. Mixed-gas CO2/CH4(1:1, v/v) separation results over 160 days of membrane aging confirm the success of a relatively short (24 h) grafting reaction in improving the initial CO2separation performance, as well as hindering the aging of PIM-1/grafted-LCD-network-PIM-1 MMMs. For MMMs based on a 24 h grafting route, all the gas separation data surpass the 2008 Robeson upper bound by a significant margin, and the 160-day aged membranes show only 29% reduction from the initial CO2permeability, which is substantially less than the equivalent losses of nearly 70% and 48% for PIM-1 and traditionally fabricated MMMs counterparts, respectively. These results demonstrate the potential of network-PIM components for obtaining much more stable gas separation performance over extended periods of time.

The mesoporous (meso)-TiO2layer is a key component of high-efficiency perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, pore size controllable meso-TiO2layers are prepared using spin coating of commercial TiO2nanoparticle (NP) paste with added soft polymer templates (SPT) followed by removal of the SPT at 500 °C. The SPTs consist of swollen crosslinked polymer colloids (microgels, MGs) or a commercial linear polymer (denoted as LIN). The MGs and LIN were comprised of the same polymer, which was poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm). Large (L-MG) and small (S-MG) MG SPTs were employed to study the effect of the template size. The SPT approach enabled pore size engineering in one deposition step. The SPT/TiO2nanoparticle films had pore sizes > 100 nm, whereas the average pore size was 37 nm for the control meso-TiO2scaffold. The largest pore sizes were obtained using L-MG. SPT engineering increased the perovskite grain size in the same order as the SPT sizes: LIN < S-MG < L-MG and these grain sizes were larger than those obtained using the control. The power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of the SPT/TiO2devices were ∼20% higher than that for the control meso-TiO2device and the PCE of the champion S-MG device was 18.8%. The PCE improvement is due to the increased grain size and more effective light harvesting of the SPT devices. The increased grain size was also responsible for the improved stability of the SPT/TiO2devices. The SPT method used here is simple, scalable, and versatile and should also apply to other PSCs.

In only a few countries are banks well on their way to completing the conversion from magnetic stripe to chip cards, so each national rollout offers new lessons. South Africa […]

Andrew Foster, HR director at the NHS - the third largest employer in the world - writes exclusively for Personnel Today about the challenges an ageing workforce poses for the [...]

The synthesis of PIM-1 is reported from step-growth polymerizations of 5,5′,6,6′-tetrahydroxy-3,3,3′,3′-tetramethyl-1,1′-spirobisindane with the commercially cheaper monomer, tetrachloroterephthalonitrile. Nitrogen-purged polymerizations (100–160 °C) were quenched after a monitored increase in viscosity. A combination of multiple detector size exclusion chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI TOF) mass spectrometry, dynamic light scattering, and elemental analysis was used to elucidate significant structural differences (cyclic, branched, tadpole, extended, and network topologies) in the polymers produced under different conditions. A significant proportion of the apparent surface area (up to 200 m2g–1) associated with PIM-1 can be attributable to whether its contorted polymer chains in fact link to form cyclic or other nonlinear structures. Membranes cast from solutions of polymer samples containing higher branching and network contents exhibited higher gas pair selectivities (CO2/CH4and CO2/N2), above the Robeson 2008 upper bound. A toolbox approach to the characterization and production of topologically different PIM-1 samples has been developed which can be used to tune membrane performance for gas separation and other applications.

There is a challenge for metalloenzymes to acquire their correct metals because some inorganic elements form more stable complexes with proteins than do others. These preferences can be overcome provided some metals are more available than others. However, while the total amount of cellular metal can be readily measured, the available levels of each metal have been more difficult to define. Metal-sensing transcriptional regulators are tuned to the intracellular availabilities of their cognate ions. Here we have determined the standard free energy for metal complex formation to which each sensor, in a set of bacterial metal sensors, is attuned: the less competitive the metal, the less favorable the free energy and hence the greater availability to which the cognate allosteric mechanism is tuned. Comparing these free energies with values derived from the metal affinities of a metalloprotein reveals the mechanism of correct metalation exemplified here by a cobalt chelatase for vitamin B12.

Split-intein circular ligation of proteins and peptides (SICLOPPS) is a method for generating intracellular libraries of cyclic peptides that has yielded several first-in-class inhibitors. Here, we detail a revised high-content, high-throughput SICLOPPS screening protocol that utilizes next-generation sequencing, biopanning, and computational tools to identify hits against a given protein–protein interaction. We used this platform for the identification of inhibitors of the HIF-1α/HIF-1β protein–protein interaction. The revised platform resulted in a significantly higher positive hit rate than that previously reported for SICLOPPS screens, and the identified cyclic peptides were more active in vitro and in cells than our previously reported inhibitors. The platform detailed here may be used for the identification of inhibitors of a wide range of other targets.

RALEIGH -- On June 28, the U.S. Supreme Court announced its decision in the case of Palazzolo v. Rhode Island. In the case, Anthony Palazollo, a landowner in Rhode Island, [...]

What the Special Committee re Sexual Orientation has been doing for four years What on earth is the General Assembly Special Committee re Sexual Orientation? After four years of work, [...]

A ministry of hospitality The last day of the special committee meeting was a Sunday, and eight exhausted people gathered for Communion. It was an intimate, moving service, conducted by [...]

Time out for a moment! What's all this 'Silent night, holy night'? And 'How silently, how silently, the wondrous gift is given'? While I'm not a mother myself, I'm related [...]

South Africa is going through a period of fundamental change. Both the national government and the largest banks have decided that smart cards fit into their vision of the post-apartheid […]

Aiming to make content deployment faster, RealNetworks this week will release the final beta version of its streaming media solution, RealSystem G2. Content creators will be able to take advantage […]

Jim was here the other night. He's a great electrician, and he's going to modernize the wiring in our house. I'm an engineer, and I realized some time ago I [...]

Under the clear sky of the early morning the cool wind blew through the corn heavy with the dew. Earth and Heaven seemed close together. The burning heat of the [...]

The article presents the discussion on life journey of Mathilde Kschessinska who being a prime ballerina absoluta including a no longer member of the Imperial Russian Ballet.

The article discusses role of Mathilde Kschessinska in the dismissal of Vaslav Nijinsky from the Imperial Russian Ballet in 1911. Topics discussed include demand of Nijinsky to wear the costumes Alexandre Benois had designed for Serge Diaghilev's "Giselle" in Paris, France; dismissal of Nijinsky over permission to wear costume; and information of diary of Vladimir Teliakovsky, director of the Imperial Theatres, over costume controversy.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to understand and inform the development and implementation of a newly established Discovery College (a youth-focused Recovery College). It also aims to contribute to a broader understanding of the benefits and barriers to establishing Recovery Colleges. Design/methodology/approach: The overall study took a mixed-methods approach to the evaluation of Discovery College, including a qualitative process evaluation component as well as a mixed-methods outcomes evaluation. This paper reports on the findings of the process evaluation, which undertook key informant interviews with a range of stakeholders in the implementation process. Findings: A total of 16 themes emerged from the qualitative data, which were then clustered into four main areas: establishing Discovery College, organisational context, nature of Discovery College and service transformation. Implementation was reported as both feasible and effective. Initial tension between fidelity to the model and a pragmatic approach to action was negotiated during implementation and through an ability of staff to tolerate uncertainty, enabled by the efforts and support of senior service management and college staff. Originality/value: Recovery Colleges co-designed and implemented in youth mental health services are a recent development in the field of mental health care and very little has previously been published regarding the feasibility, effectiveness and acceptability of youth-focused Recovery Colleges. This paper is one of the first to assess the barriers and enablers to the implementation of Discovery College within a clinical youth mental health service.

Recent trends in income segregation in metropolitan regions show that, after a decline in the 1990s, there was an increase in 2000–2010 that reinforced concerns about the overall growth in U.S. income inequality since the 1970s. Yet the evidence may be systematically biased to exacerbate the upward trend because the effective sample for the American Community Survey (ACS) is much smaller than it was for the 2000 census to which it is being compared. Apparent changes in disparities across census tracts may result partly from a higher level of sampling variation and bias due to the smaller sample. This study uses 100% microdata from the 1940 census to simulate the impact of different sampling rates and applies those approaches to publicly available data for 2000 and 2007–11. The reduction in sample sizes associated with the ACS appears to exaggerate the evidence for increasing income segregation for all measures tested here.

Quantum photonics is a rapidly developing platform for future quantum network applications. Waveguide-based architectures, in which embedded quantum emitters act as both nonlinear elements to mediate photon–photon interactions and as highly coherent single-photon sources, offer a highly promising route to realize such networks. A key requirement for the scale-up of the waveguide architecture is local control and tunability of individual quantum emitters. Here, we demonstrate electrical control, tuning, and switching of the nonlinear photon–photon interaction arising due to a quantum dot embedded in a single-mode nano-photonic waveguide. A power-dependent waveguide transmission extinction as large as 40±2% is observed on resonance. Photon statistics measurements show clear, voltage-controlled bunching of the transmitted light and antibunching of the reflected light, demonstrating the single-photon, quantum character of the nonlinearity. Importantly, the same architecture is also shown to act as a source of highly coherent, electrically tunable single photons. Overall, the platform presented addresses the essential requirements for the implementation of photonic gates for scalable nano-photonic-based quantum information processing.

Andrew Bloomfield's hearing and comprehension are acute--it is only the method of communicating that needs to be facilitated. His other faculties also seem to be unusually sharp. For instance, he [...]

THERE was a strong desire by European railways and equipment suppliers to give a new momentum to railway research. The proposed concept for a new European Railway Research Advisory Council [...]

Recent results in the soft QCD sector of the Standard Model are presented. Measurements of low energy observables were performed with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. In particular, underlying event, charged particle correlation and diffraction observables are reported and various models of Monte Carlo predictions are compared to the data.

The metal affinities of metal-sensing transcriptional regulators co-vary with cellular metal concentrations over more than 12 orders of magnitude. To understand the cause of this relationship, we determined the structure of the Ni(II) sensor InrS and then created cyanobacteria (Synechocystis PCC 6803) in which transcription of genes encoding a Ni(II) exporter and a Ni(II) importer were controlled by InrS variants with weaker Ni(II) affinities. Variant strains were sensitive to elevated nickel and contained more nickel, but the increase was small compared with the change in Ni(II) affinity. All of the variant sensors retained the allosteric mechanism that inhibits DNA binding following metal binding, but a response to nickel in vivo was observed only when the sensitivity was set to respond in a relatively narrow (less than two orders of magnitude) range of nickel concentrations. Thus, the Ni(II) affinity of InrS is attuned to cellular metal concentrations rather than the converse.

The article focuses on career of ballet dancers Tamara Karsavina and Vaslav Nijinsky who have performed ins several ballets such as "The Firebird." Topics discussed include Nijinsky chosen to partner Karsavin in first season on the Maryinsky stage, Karsavina paid highest among of all the soloists, ballet "Le Pavilion d'Armide" presented by Karsavina and Nijinsky, their role in theatrical production "Cléopâtre" and their contribution in the ballet "Giselle."