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Introduction In this article, we show how we created a tool that social scientists across disciplines can use to study intersectionality and structural barriers. Intersectionality is the concept that an [...]

Objective. This study aimed to determine the effects of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on exercise capacity, respiratory muscle strength, length of hospital stay (LOS), and quality of life (QOL) following coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Methods. The search was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and the Cochrane Handbook and included the databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, and CENTRAL. The review included randomized controlled trials utilizing IMT during phase 1 or 2 postoperative cardiac rehabilitation (PoCR) versus alternative treatment (active or passive control) in patients following coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Results. Fifteen studies were included (11 phase 1 studies, 4 phase 2 studies) with no reported adverse events. In phase 1 PoCR, IMT reduced the LOS (-1.02 days; 95% CI = -2.00 to -0.03) and increased exercise capacity (6-minute walk distance) (+75.46 m; 95% CI = 52.34 to 98.57), and maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) (10.46 cm [H.sub.2]O; 95% CI = 2.83 to 18.10), but had no effect on maximal expiratory pressure. In phase 2 PoCR, IMT increased 6-minute walk distance (45.84 m; 95% CI = 10.89 to 80.80), MIP (-23.19 cm [H.sub.2]O; 95% CI = -31.31 to -15), maximal expiratory pressure (20.18 cm [H.sub.2]O; 95% CI = 9.60 to 30.76), and QOL (-11.17; 95% CI = -17.98 to -4.36), with no effect on peak oxygen uptake. There was a high risk of bias for MIP (75% of the phase 1 studies) and 6MWT (1 of 4 phase 2 studies). The quality of the evidence ranged from very low to moderate. Conclusion. IMT significantly improves exercise capacity, respiratory muscle strength, LOS, and QOL in phase 1 and 2 PoCR. Impact. IMT may benefit patients during phase 1 and 2 of PoCR, considering the safety, low cost, and potential benefits. Keywords: 6-Minute Walk Distance, Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery, Inspiratory Muscle Training, Postoperative Cardiac Rehabilitation, Respiratory Muscle Strength, Introduction, Introduction Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is a well-established intervention to treat patients with chronic coronary disease, improving several clinical parameters, including survival and quality of life (QOL) (1-3) [...]

After completing my doctoral degree at the University of Illinois in Urbana-Champaign, followed by two years working for John Deere in Iowa and Illinois, I joined the Polytechnic University of [...]

Byline: Eric Francisco The new millennium was high-key hilarious As the 1990s gave way to the 21st century, Hollywood comedies saw a slow but certain paradigm shift. Profoundly informed by [...]

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Byline: Eric Francisco For anyone looking for spooky thrills, minus the chills We all know someone who can't 'do horror.' Even when we know that movies are all made up [...]

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Byline: Eric Francisco When stories are told with pencil and ink and sometimes CG Cartoons are for kids... or so some people think. But even when an animated show is [...]

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Early childhood caries is a major public health issue in India. The primary reason for poor oral health in children is a lack of awareness about the role of primary teeth and the importance of an early dental visit for infants and toddlers. The primary objectives of an early dental visit are to analyze the child's risk level, provide guidance to parents regarding proper oral hygiene measures, review dietary and eating habits, provide information regarding the infectivity of dental caries, review the risks of traumatic injuries and discuss factors which affect the development of occlusion. Through this paper, we are proposing an 'Age One' policy that recognizes dentists, physicians, allied health professionals, community health-care workers, and nongovernmental organizations to work toward a child's overall health as partners to achieve this goal. The expectation is that this policy will provide guidance to childcare centers, pediatric dentists, other health-care professionals, and legislators regarding oral health activities and the promotion of oral health in infants. The purpose of the policy is to lay the foundation for a lifetime of preventive education and dental care, to help ensure optimal oral health beginning in childhood and continuing through the life course. Keywords: Dental caries, dental home, early childhood caries, Author(s): Francisco Ramos-Gomez [1]; Gyanendra Kumar [2]; Vijay Prakash Mathur [3]; Mousumi Goswami [4]; Sumita Upadhyay [5]; Virinder Goyal [6]; Aishwarya Ravivarapu [7]; Ferah Rehman (corresponding author) [8]; Sivakumar Nuvvula [...]