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OBJECTIVE--Stress hyperglycemia has been associated with increased mortality in patients with myocardial infarction (MI). We examined the association between plasma glucose levels, circulating inflammatory markers, T-cell activation, and functional cardiac [...]

The demand for surgical and nonsurgical esthetic procedures in the nasal region has increased sharply in the past. Anatomic differences of the nose between different ethnicities need to be investigated thoroughly. The objective of this article is to analyze and compare morphometric features of the nose in a mixed Asian-Caucasian study population. The nasal length in Asians was statistically significantly greater than in Caucasians, also after having adjusted for facial height. The nasal dorsal bridge and the nasal base showed statistically significant differences. By keeping these anatomic differences in mind while treating patients, greater efficacy and safety can be achieved.

Three-dimensional surface imaging (3DSI) has been shown to be a useful tool for plastic surgeons in the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative setting. The objective of this investigation was to compare the accuracy of facial surface distance measurements using both a handheld facial 3DSI device and a stationary whole-body 3DSI device. Users should be aware of deviations when obtaining 3DSI using the presented imaging devices but should not refrain from using them, as the absolute differences might be too small to play a role in both, clinical and research, settings.

This study investigated eye movement patterns using eye tracking technology when looking at preoperative and postoperative images of patients that underwent bilateral periorbital cosmetic surgery. The sequence of facial recognition before surgery was periorbital-nose-perioral, whereas following surgery it was nose-periorbital-perioral. This study revealed that the sequence of facial feature recognition is influenced by the aesthetic liking of the observer and that alteration to facial features influences the sequence of facial feature recognition. The eye movement pattern, however, seems to follow the internal representation of beauty where aesthetically pleasing facial features are observed later during first image exposure and are viewed shorter.

Facial measurements serve as a valuable tool in the treatment planning of facial plastic surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of standard 3D anthropometric measurements of the face made with one low-cost handheld 3D scanner and one industrial-type mobile 3D scanner. There are clear potential benefits of using 3D measurements by means of new handheld mobile scanners. However, the Sense scanner from the class of inexpensive scanners showed significant limitations in more complex areas such as the lip and nose, whereas proportions could be measured satisfactorily.

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.Coding Perspective for this Article is on Page 1781.

Fingertip injuries treated with occlusive dressings (ODs) lead to nearly scar-free, functionally, and aesthetically pleasing results. We hypothesized that paracrine factors in the wound fluid (secretome) may influence migration and proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and fibroblasts and modulate the wound-healing process. We could collect wound fluid samples from 4 fingertip injuries and 7 split skin donor sites at the 5th day during dressing change. Blood serum samples served as controls. The proliferation rate of MSCs and fibroblasts (HS27) was continuously measured through impedance analysis for 60 h and by Alamarblue analysis after 72 h. Cell migration was evaluated continuously for 15 h and confirmed by the in vitro wound-healing assay. Migration of MSCs under the influence of both wound fluids was significantly faster than controls from 4 to 6 h after incubation and reversed after 9 h. MSC proliferation in wound fluid groups showed a significant increase at 5 and 10 h and was significantly decreased after 45 h. Fibroblasts in wound fluid groups showed overall a significant increase in migration and a significant decrease in proliferation compared to controls. OD-induced secretomes influence MSCs and fibroblasts and thereby possibly modulate wound healing and scar tissue formation.

Extensor tendon reconstruction requires various complex hand surgery techniques, including direct tendon repair, tendon grafting transfer, and soft tissue reconstruction with local and free flaps. Choosing the best individual reconstruction plan for the individual patient with an individual defect is crucial.

Bei bettlägrigen oder immobilen Patienten kann es durch die chronische Druckeinwirkung und die damit verbundene Minderperfusion an den belasteten Haut- und Weichteilregionen zu Ulzerationen kommen, die von alleine nicht mehr heilen. Viele Hände müssen zusammenarbeiten, um Betroffenen zu helfen.

A scleroderma-like cutaneous syndrome, occurring after implantation of a prosthetic knee joint in an elderly woman, is reported. This case did not seem to typically fit into any of the known scleroderma-like disorders of the skin described to date. The patient was shown to be sensitized to metals contained in the prosthesis and to mount a Th2-type immune response concomitantly with development of skin fibrosis. In particular, eosinophilia, markedly elevated serum IgE levels, in vitro spontaneous production of interleukin (IL)-4 by T lymphocytes, and elevated serum levels of Th2 cytokines (namely, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) were observed during the acute phase of illness. Since eosinophils and such Th2 cytokines as IL-13 also have recognized fibrogenic properties, it is speculated that the pathogenesis of skin fibrosis in this case could have been the direct and/or indirect consequence of the coexisting Th2-type immune response.

Summary: The aim of the present study was to verify the validity of diagnostic criteria developed by the NDDG for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in old age. One hundred and fifty-one ambulatory old (range: 66–77 years) subjects (group A) underwent OGTT showing the following results: 33% normal, 12% non-diagnostic, 23% impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), 32% diabetic-type tolerance (DT). In addition, 84 subjects (group B) selected from 1978 to 1982 (42 aged 51–60 years, 30 aged 61–70, and 12 aged 71–80) with abnormalities of glucose tolerance during OGTT (IGT or DT) were asked to control their fasting plasma glucose every month during 1984. In group B a significant correlation between DT and subsequent development of fasting hyperglycemia was observed only in the subjects of the 6th and 7th decades of age. On the contrary, no subjects aged 71–80 years developed fasting hyperglycemia. The authors suggest that a high prevalence of abnormalities in glucose tolerance according to NDDG exists in old age which cannot be considered evidence of a true diabetes mellitus being unpredictive of a progression towards fasting hyperglycemia.

Summary: Oxygen-release capacity of the red blood cells was investigated in non-acidotic insulin-dependent diabetics before and after the achievement of strict metabolic control with the aid of the artificial pancreas. P50std (oxygen tension at 50% oxygen saturation) values were low in basal condition and returned to normal after the 24-h treatment period. No significant changes were observed in the content of red cell 2,3-diphosphoglycerate nor in the acid-base balance. Only the labile form of glycosylated hemoglobin showed significant decreases after treatment. These results suggest that insulin-dependent diabetics may have a state of relative tissue hypoxia which can be easily overcome by the achievement of strict metabolic control.

An einem Freitagnachmittag bereitet ein junger Mann das Abendessen für seine Familie vor. Als ihn seine kleine Tochter ablenkt, rutscht er mit dem Brotmesser ab. Unglücklicherweise schneidet er sich in die Beugeseite seines linken Zeige- und Mittelfingers.