1. Ganglioside GT1b increases hyaluronic acid synthase 2 via PI3K activation with TLR2 dependence in orbital fibroblasts from thyroid eye disease patients.
- Author
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Yoo HK, Park H, Hwang HS, Kim HJ, Choi YH, and Kook KH
- Subjects
- Fibroblasts metabolism, Fibroblasts pathology, Graves Ophthalmopathy metabolism, Graves Ophthalmopathy pathology, Humans, Hyaluronan Synthases genetics, Hyaluronic Acid biosynthesis, Fibroblasts drug effects, Gangliosides pharmacology, Graves Ophthalmopathy drug therapy, Hyaluronan Synthases metabolism, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases metabolism, Toll-Like Receptor 2 metabolism
- Abstract
Thyroid eye disease (TED) is a complex autoimmune disease with a spectrum of signs. we previously reported that trisialoganglioside (GT)1b is significantly overexpressed in the orbital tissue of TED patients, and that exogenous GT1b strongly induced HA synthesis in orbital fibroblasts. However, the signaling pathway in GT1b-induced hyaluronic acid synthase (HAS) expression in orbital fibroblasts from TED patients have rarely been investigated. Here, we demonstrated that GT1b induced phosphorylation of Akt/mTOR in a dose-dependent manner in orbital fibroblasts from TED patients. Both co-treatment with a specific inhibitor for PI3K and siRNA knockdown of TLR2 attenuated GT1b-induced Akt phosphorylation. GT1b significantly induced HAS2 expression at both the transcriptional and translational level, which was suppressed by specific inhibitors of PI3K or Akt/mTOR, and by siRNA knockdown of TLR2. In conclusion, GT1b induced HAS2 in orbital fibroblasts from TED patients via activation of the PI3Krelated signaling pathway, dependent on TLR2. [BMB Reports 2021; 54(2): 136-141].
- Published
- 2021