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The article discusses U.S. military intervention against Syria's government in relation to the views of U.S. President Donald Trump and an alleged chemical weapons attack in Douma, Syria on April 9, 2018. Topics include U.S. and Russian involvement in Syria's civil war, Trump's authorizations of missile strikes against sites in Syria in relation to his views on Syrian President Bashar Assad, and U.S. opposition to Iranian foreign policy.

American relations with Iran have reached rock bottom. Once upon a time, the U.S. secretary of state could call his Iranian counterpart on the phone to avert a budding crisis. [...]

In May 2018, the Trump administration announced the U.S. withdrawal from the 2015 Iran nuclear deal, known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), and reimposed U.S. sanctions waived [...]

Making predictions is hard, especially about the future. --Yogi Berra Professional baseball player Introduction The intelligence profession exists in a complicated, complex environment. The 2018 National Defense Strategy (NDS) describes [...]

Tensions between the United States and Iran have been escalating since the Trump administration came into office in January 2017 (1) and withdrew from--and in November 2018 began reimposing sanctions [...]

Russia's attempts to draw Lebanon into its sphere of influence by placing it under Moscow's air defense umbrella and selling weapons to Beirut have been discussed by American experts for [...]

In abandoning the nuclear deal with Iran, the Trump administration disrupted an international consensus on how to deal with Tehran. U.S. policy toward Iran will now be a story of [...]

The article focuses on Iran's minted president, Ebrahim Raisi, declared during a meeting with Indian Foreign Minister Subrahmanyam Jaishankar hat Iran and India can play a constructive and useful role in ensuring security in the region, especially Afghanistan. It mentions that Jaishankar's trip coincided with the beginning of the Taliban's astonishing sweep across Afghanistan.

To maintain the existing international order under pressure from China, Russia and Iran, the United States has three basic diplomatic options: to bring some (or all) rivals into the fold [...]

Review article of two books: 1. Mahmood Sariolghalam, The Foreign Policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran: A Theoretical Revision and the Coalition Paradigm (Tehran: Center for Strategic Research, CSR [...]

(GT) Qassem SuleimaniCOMMANDER OF IRAN'S QUOS FORCETHE DECISION NOT TO ACT is often the hardest one to make--and it isn't always right. In 2007,1 watched a string of vehicles pass [...]

How should a country plan a new denuclearization verification regime? Should it concentrate on accounting for fissile material, should it try to 'verify' a declaration of the program's history, or, [...]

The article reveals that the U.S. and Israeli governments continue suggesting other options as indirect talks to restore the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) remain in limbo. Topics discussed include comment of Israeli Foreign Minister Yair Lapid on Iran's nuclear program, and most effective way to keep Iran's nuclear program peaceful, according to U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken.

The article informs that according to a leaked document which revealed the outlines of a 25-year strategic partnership agreement being negotiated by Iran and China, by which Beijing would provide Tehran with much-needed investment and great-power patronage in return for heavily discounted oil. It mentions about the limitations and the obstacles to any future efforts to revive the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action deal.

WHEN THE MOSSAD SPY AND COMPUTER HACKER TAMAR RABINYAN A slips into Iran on a mission to help demolish its nuclear program, she's on familiar ground. Chased in the Israeli [...]

UN Security Council members dismissed the Trump administration's August attempt to reimpose UN sanctions on Iran, saying that the United States has no standing to do so after Washington's 2018 [...]

The Trump administration is considering a range of options to prevent the October 2020 expiration of a UN embargo that restricts arms sales to and from Iran. If multilateral efforts [...]

IN A JAN. 4 TWEET President Donald Trump threatened to target 52 Iranian cultural sites, 'some at a very high level & important to Iran & the Iranian culture, and [...]

After President Donald Trump's assassination of Iranian Gen. Qassem Soleimani, NCR asked a number of noted Catholic ethicists and moral theologians for their thoughts on the killing and the subsequent [...]

Iranian officials announced plans in October to take additional steps that would violate nuclear-related commitments Tehran made in the 2015 Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA). The threatened action followed [...]

IN HIS SPEECH BEFORE THE UNITED NATIONS General Assembly in September, Iranian President Hassan Rouhani unveiled a new initiative for Persian Gulf peace and stability called the Hormuz Peace Endeavor [...]

The article discusses Iran's nuclear power program. Information from Israeli intelligence has shown that Iran may be capable of producing a nuclear bomb by 2009, which could carry dangerous consequences for Israel. The growing concerns over Iran's nuclear capabilities has created the debate in the United States and international circles on whether or not military action should be taken against the country. While some experts note that a more diplomatic solution could prove to be more successful.

Discusses the history of the relationship between the United States and Saddam Hussein of Iraq. Support of Iraq by U.S. President Ronald Reagan and opposition to Iran; Rise to power by Hussein in the 1960s and 1970s; Competition between the U.S. and the Soviet Union for attention by Hussein during the cold war; Tacit and over support of Hussein; Executions ordered by Hussein; Use of chemical weapons against Iran; U.S. concerns for oil protection; Actions of U.S. President Bill Clinton.

Since its establishment in 1979, the Islamic Republic of Iran has made enormous efforts to export its revolution around the world. Iranian diplomats, the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), and [...]

In his first two years in the White House, President Trump has moved to remake America's relations with much of the world. He's withdrawn the U.S. from the Paris climate [...]

THE ATTRACTIVENESS OF applying to Iran the set of policies that caused the relatively peaceful collapse of the Soviet Union in the 1980s and early 1990s, often called the 'Victory [...]

With the July arrest of an Iranian diplomat in Germany for his role in an alleged plot to bomb a rally of Iranian dissidents in Paris, U.S. officials have warned allies to be vigilant of Iranian terrorist plotting elsewhere. Indeed, there is ample precedent for such concern. For decades, Tehran has been dispatching operatives to Europe to carry out assassinations and other acts of terrorism., Though it had all the makings of an espionage thriller, the event was anything but fiction. An Iranian diplomat accredited to Tehran's embassy in Vienna, Austria, is arrested in Germany [...]

PRESIDENT TRUMP and his administration are approaching a make-or-break May deadline for deciding whether to stay in the 2015 Iran nuclear deal. Lawmakers, analysts, and journalists have been struggling to [...]

Since the emergence of the Islamic Republic in Iran, social scientists, including international relations (IR) scholars, have been called to develop endogenous/indigenous theories to reflect Iranian/Islamic points of view. This theorizing has led some Iranian scholars to develop ideas about international life on the basis of Islamic texts and teachings. Furthermore, due to an increasing awareness of the Eurocentric nature of IR theories over the last few years, the international community of IR scholars has become open to non-Western IR theories. This opening has made homegrown theorizing more attractive to Iranian IR scholars, and debates about it have become more vivid. This article seeks to examine the attempts by the Iranian IR community to conceptualize and theorize IR from Iranian/Islamic points of view and to show how contextual factors have limited such attempts. The first part of the article reviews the IR scholarship in Iran to give a portrait of Iranians' achievements in this regard. The second part examines contextual factors that may have affected homegrown theorizing in Iran, including international agency, sources of inspiration, the dynamism of the IR community, the relationship between academia and government, and intellectual autonomy. An evaluation of this structural context suggests that even if theorizing IR from an Iranian point of view is both possible and preferable, this cannot be done unless certain structural constraints are overcome. Keywords: International Relations, Iran, homegrown theorizing, Iranian theory of IR, 1. Introduction Since the emergence of the Islamic Republic in Iran, social scientists, including IR scholars, have been called to develop theories to reflect Iranian/Islamic points of view. In the [...]

The article focuses on the proposed applicant of containment to Russia, China, and Iran, by the United States. The author compares 21st century world politics to those of the Cold War era, discusses the power and influence set forth by Russia, China, and Iran, and explores how the U.S. can increase its political influence.

The article examines how acrimonious relation between Iran and Europe could negatively impact efforts to save the nuclear deal. It notes that President Donald Trump's announcement to withdraw the U.S. out of the 2015 agreement has restricted Tehran's nuclear program. It adds that Europe and Iran are growing farther apart amid accusations that the Islamic Republic is engaging in behavior acceptable to the Europe.

The article discusses the regional tensions prevailing in the end of 2018 in Lebanon and Syria influenced by Iran, Iran supported Hezbollah in Syria, and Israel. It states Syrian President Bashar al-Assad is feeling relieved after seven years of war through the help of Iran and Russia, Hezbollah, as the focus is turned towards Lebanon wherein formation of a new government is stalled as it is vulnerable to threats and counter threats of Syria and Israel and notes it may escalate into a war.

Discusses the Iran-Iraq war, which is fought with the weapons of the 1980s, the tactics of World War I, and the passions of the Crusades. Start of the war in September 1980 as a border dispute; Failure of the 1975 Algiers Agreement to resolve the dispute; Overthrow of the Shah of Iran in early 1979 as an event which eliminated all restraint and produced a major explosion; Altered military balance due to the post-revolutionary turmoil in Iran.

The article presents commentary on U.S. international politics as of January 31, 1981. The U.S. handling of the Iranian hostage crisis of the previous years is highlighted. Former President Jimmy Carter's passive treatment of the situation is criticized. Various consequences to the events are analyzed, particularly further foreign relations with terrorist groups and other nations.

Persian Gulf threat. The oil wars are a test for Reagan. Will escalating attacks on tankers force him to intervene? What are the risks of intervention? INSET: map shows U.S. standby forces.;how will an oil cutoff affect us?.

Iran may lash out after its disastrous defeats last week in the Persian Gulf at the hands of the US Navy, Iraq, and Kuwait. Teheran radicals and the chronological history of terrorist activities by Iran, or indirectly by surrogates (Hezbollah and its arm, Islamic Jihad); US policy; The health of the Ayatollah Khomeini; Iranian power struggles.

By flagging Kuwaiti vessels under the American flag, the US government hoped to discourage Iranian aggression in the Persian Gulf. Now the US government realizes that this mission began without enough thought or planning for the possible consequences. Details of the Gulf mission; Possible consequences of Iranian aggression. INSET: When the Gulf coughs, the oil market shivers..

American forces in the Persian Gulf attacked an Iranian naval vessel caught laying mines off the coast of Bahrain. The Iranian vessel was captured intact, shown off to the press and then scuttled in the Gulf. The operation was a masterpiece of stealth, timing and interservice cooperation and was a morale-building success. Threatened retaliation. See also (US News, 10/5/87, 4c, 1 map, 1 table, p22, 3p) See also (Time, 10/5/87, 6c, 1 map, p20, 4p)

Section looks at the Senate debate over the invocation of the War Powers Act of 1973 as it pertains to the Persian Gulf situation. Includes the text of the War Powers Act, a chronological listing of incidents in the Persian Gulf, and recent congressional action on the situation.

Deals with the presence of English women in Persia during the appointment of Great Britain's first resident ambassador in 1811. Role of the East India Co. in the British-Persian relations; Information on the journey of British Ambassador Gore Ouseley with his English wife from England to Tehran; Other officials of the embassy.

Presents several editorials which discuss different subjects. "Policy and Consequence," which discussed the U.S. intervention of Iran and Nicaragua; "The Big Gas Leak," which discussed the compromise measure passed by U.S. President Jimmy Carter's administration; "Southern Justices--and Justice," which introduced a series of articles about the judiciary of the Southern states.

The article examines how the political turmoil in Iran and Brazil are threatening their nuclear power industry. According to the author, the head of Iran's Atomic Energy Organization announced a cutoff in its ambitious nuclear program on October 23, 1978. The author adds that politicians, scientists, engineers and government agencies in Brazil are embroiled in conflicts over the blame for construction problems and ballooning costs involved in its atomic power deal with West Germany.

Gives an exclusive look at how Iran hunts down opponents abroad. Vicious killing in Paris of former Prime Minister Shahpour Bakhtiar, 76, by Farydoun Boyerahmadi, Ali Vakili Rad and Mohammed Azadi; Incredible chain of accusations in the French case; More than 60 Iranian dissidents murdered abroad since 1979; Turkey a prime target; Trial of accused Iran-backed assassins now underway in Berlin; Examples of those on the Tehran hit list.

Speculates on whether or not the West is right when it claims Iran still uses murder and lies as tools of statecraft. Tehran attempting to convince the world it is responsible and credit-worthy; Iran's immediate neighbors nervous at how Tehran is staking a renewed claim to Persian Gulf leadership; Iran's weapons buildup; Physical changes in Tehran, including the lack of Great Satan caricatures; Miscalculations regarding income from oil exports; Details.

Focuses on efforts of Aspen, Colorado-based Aspen Institute for Humanistic Studies in improving the image of Iran in the U.S. Funds provided by Iran to the institute; Reason for the interest of the institute in Iran; Controversy on the issue of the institute allowing itself to be used by the government of Iran; Opinion of the people of Iran towards its government; Events held by the Aspen Institute for cultural exchange between the U.S. and Iran.

Presents several editorials which discuss different subjects. "Reagantalk and Haigspeak," which discussed relations between the U.S. and the Soviet Union; "Memo from Iran," which discussed excerpts from an official document of the Iranian Ministry of Foreign Affairs regarding relations between the U.S. and Iran.

Explores the U.S. government's response to the Iraq-Iran war. Iraqi invasion of Iran; U.S. opposition to territorial adjustment by military means; U.S. neutrality stance.

Presents several editorials which discuss different subjects. "Hostage Exchange," which discussed on U.S. President Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan's views on the conditions of Iranian leader Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini for the release of hostages; "The Nation's Congressmen," which discussed Congressmen S. William Green and Mark Green.