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Mungbean is a rich source of edible protein and contributes significantly adding the atmospheric N2to the soil. During the cultivation of mungbean, drought is one of the major constraints which negatively impact on the production of mungbean. Therefore, it is important to find eco-friendly management options to overcome drought stress. The current study was undertaken to find out the yield response of mungbean to irrigation at different pheno-phases in terms of crop growth rate (CGR), leaf area index (LAI), root growth, harvest index and water use efficiency (WUE). Treatments were two mungbean genotypes, namely BMX-08010‑2 (drought stress tolerant) and BARI Mung‑1 (drought stress sensitive) and five different irrigation schedules viz., i) No irrigation (drought stress): I0; ii) Irrigation at 1st trifoliate leaf stage (20 DAS): I1; iii) Irrigation at flowering stage (35 DAS): I2; iv) Irrigation at 1st trifoliate leaf stage (20 DAS) + flowering stage (35 DAS): I3and v) Irrigation at 1st trifoliate leaf stage (20 DAS) + flowering stage (35 DAS) + pod-filing stage (45 DAS): I4. The study was arranged in a split-plot design distributing irrigation levels to the main plots and genotypes to the sub-plots with three replications under a rain-out shelter Calculated (based on the existing soil moisture content) irrigation water was applied manually in each treatment plot up to the field capacity level. Drought stress (no irrigation) reduced the growth and yield and shortened the life cycle. The BMX-08010‑2 genotype maintains higher performance under drought stress indicated as a drought tolerance genotype. The treatments which got two or three stages of irrigation (I3or I4) had considerably more yield than those which got only one-stage irrigation (I1and I2). The flowering stage (I3) was the most sensitive growth stage reducing about 18% of yield compared to the I4treatment. It is exhibited that, if irrigation sources are available, at least two irrigation at trifoliate leaf stage (I2at 20 DAS) and flowering stages (I3at 35 DAS) should be ensured for obtaining higher yield. The harvest index can be increased by increasing the number of irrigation stages irrespective of irrigation at any specific stage. A strong association was also found among the growth and yield traits with the seed yield of mungbean due to different irrigation scheduling. Therefore, the parameters can be used as an effective marker to identify and develop superior genotypes suited to drought-prone environments.

The percentage of people affected by skin cancer has been rising in recent years. Melanoma is identified as the most dangerous and life-threatening among the three types of skin cancer since it causes more deaths than the other two over time. According to the expertise, if the melanoma case is discovered at an early stage, the death rate may be decreased. Due to the skin lesion’s complexity, it is challenging to identify melanoma at an early stage. In this work, an automated assistant system is suggested to help doctors in identifying melanoma effectively at an early stage. Because pixel intensity values include distinctive and useful features in an image, hence the pixel intensity value estimation (IVE) model is embedded with a transfer learning network for efficient Melanoma detection. Four popular transfer learning models have been analyzed to derive the best-performed model in Melanoma detection (MD). Finally, data sensitivity is analyzed on the best model. The experiment shows that overall the best performance in Recall (98.8%), F1-score (99.0%), Accuracy (99.18%), and AUC-ROC curve (97.8%) is achieved by the VGG-16 transfer learning model for 4056 data; we denoted the model as IVE-MDNet model. In the model, the network consists of 13 convolutional layers and five max-pooling layers and the learning weights are obtained using the ‘ImageNet’ dataset. A new sub-layer model is formed, which is combined with the pre-trained network to design the proposed transfer learning approach. Before feeding the image to the model, the artifacts were removed using a pre-processing technique which uses a series of precise procedures.

Neck or craniovertebral penetrating injury by in situ teta, used for fishing, is an extremely rare neurosurgical emergency. In this article, we present the management of such a case in Dhaka Medical College Hospital. This case report will emphasize the presentation, investigations, surgical, and other supportive management.

ABSTRACTStereo matching algorithms are essential for recovering depth information of objects in many computer vision applications including 3D reconstruction, robot navigation, autonomous driving and so on. Most of the stereo algorithms generally rely on two types of matching technique: global and local matching. The state-of-the-art stereo algorithms that measure disparity or depth with high accuracy are generally based on global methods. However, they are not suitable for real-time applications because of high computational costs. The local algorithms, on the other hand, are very fast but they provide less computational accuracy compared to the global methods. To make a tradeoff between computation speed and accuracy, this paper proposes an efficient local correlation approach for depth estimation using a pruning proposal. This paper also evaluates the performance of different matching cost functions/algorithms for disparity or dense estimation. Experimental evaluation confirms that our proposed pruning method for point correspondence is able to achieve a significant accuracy with high computational speed that can be very useful for real-time environments.

Biofouling is a major issue in membrane-based water treatment because it shortens membrane life and decreases the permeate flux. Silver, a known biocide, is often used for in situformation of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) on membranes for biofouling mitigation. However, Ag NPs dissolve quickly in water, limiting their effectiveness over long periods of time. This study focuses on the modification of silver-functionalized reverse osmosis (RO) membranes with different concentrations of Na2S (10−1, 10−3, and 10−5M) to identify the degree of sulfidation that limits Ag release while preserving the antibacterial effect. Sulfidized membranes decreased Ag release by >85% depending on the extent of sulfidation. Antibacterial activity was assessed using Pseudomonas aeruginosaand Escherichiacoli. Results showed the highest inactivation at 73% for P. aeruginosaand 57% for E. colifor 10−5and 10−3M Na2S-treated membranes, respectively, while the more sulfidized membrane treated with 10−1M Na2S treatment had the lowest antibacterial effect. Moreover, when tested in a dynamic cross-flow RO system for 24 h, the flux declined by 24% for the Ag NPs and by 23%, 17%, and 19% as the extent of sulfidation increased. Additionally, the Ag remaining on the membrane was higher for the highest sulfidized membrane with 519 ng cm−2. Therefore, retention of the silver coating over time appears to be more important for biofilm control in RO systems than high antibacterial activity. Both 10−5M and 10−3M Na2S-treated membranes had the best balance between reduced Ag release rate and effective antibacterial and anti-biofouling performance, respectively.

The purpose of the present study is to construct statistical models to life expectancy at exact age x (ex) for aged male and female population of Bangladesh. And also study differentials, patterns and trends of aged life expectancy at exact age x (ex) for male and female population of Bangladesh. For that rationale, the secondary data of life expectancy at exact age x (ex) for aged male and female population of Bangladesh have been used in this study. To prove the soundness of the model, the model validation technique, cross-validity prediction power (CVPP), is applied. It is seen that simple linear regression model is fitted to life expectancy for aged male and female population of Bangladesh with explaining more than 98% proportion of variation and more than 97% stability of each model. Keywords: Life expectancy for aged male and female population of Bangladesh Modeling Cross- validity prediction power (CVPP) F-test, Introduction In developing countries like Bangladesh, population is called aged who belongs to the age group 60 years and above. But, in developed countries the population is said to be [...]

HIV/ AIDS is a alarming influential cause of death in worldwide facing the growing rate at risk with epidemic concern. This study is used to analysis the women awareness about HIV/AIDS in Bangladesh. Primary data have been used by using multi-stage sampling design. Logistic regression procedure is applied in the study. The results reveal that majority women know the name of AIDS and preventive measure with consistent used of condom. The Chi-square ([[rho].sup.2]) test result implies that parents' education and occupation; watching television (TV) and regular meeting with health workers are highly significantly associated with heard the name of AIDS, knowledge about AIDS and preventive knowledge of AIDS. Logistic analysis indicates the women who watching TV have 10.621 times higher knowledge about AIDS than the women who do not watch TV. Literate women are 2.237 times more likely to know condom prevent AIDS than illiterate women and the women who watching TV, their preventive knowledge 9.917 times higher than the women who haven't watched TV. Therefore, we should create opportunity for available access to electronic media with upholds overall education. Keywords: Awareness about AIDS | Chi-square ([[rho].sup.2]) test | Logistic regression analysis | Odds ratio | Mass media | Mother | Education | HIV | STDs | Condom | Bangladesh., Introduction Bangladesh is a low HIV prevalence country with several well-documented at-risk groups in women. Experts opined the situation is below ( AIDS was first identified as a distinct entity [...]

Introduction Swine influenza virus (SIV) is an infection caused by any strain of the influenza family of viruses that is usually prevalent in pigs (1). It is also called H1N1 [...]

Infant and child are not only the assets but also they are the future of a country or a nation. Women are core of development because they bear children and they are nearly half of the total population. Infant and child mortality are powerful indicators to measure overall health situation of a country. In fact, infant and child mortality are also powerful social indicator. The aim of this study is to identify the effects of socio-economic variables on infant, child and under-five mortality of Charghat Thana in Rajshahi District, Bangladesh. For this, a number of 800 rural women have been interviewed through a structured questionnaire by purposive sampling technique. In this study, logistic regression model is employed to determine which factors that effect on infant, child and under-five mortality. In this analysis, it is indicated that mothers education and occupation, husbands education and occupation, received tetanusa' injection and medical check up during pregnancy and watches TV have significant effects on infant, child and under-five mortality. Keywords: Infant mortality | Child mortality | Under-five mortality | Socio-economic variables | Logistic regression analysis | Bangladesh, Table of Content Introduction Sources of data Methodology Results Discussion Correspondents to Introduction Bangladesh is one of the most density-populated countries in the world and 150 million populations in 2007 [...]

Infant and child are the assets of a country. Women are the heart of development because they bear children and they are nearly half of the total population in the country. The aim of this study is to identify the effects of socio-demographic variables on breastfeeding in rural area of Charghat Thana of Rajshahi District, Bangladesh. For this a total number of 800 rural women have been interviewed through a structured questionnaire by purposive sampling technique. In this study, a sophisticated multivariate technique, multiple classification analysis (MCA) is employed to determine which factors are strongest on breastfeeding practices in rural area of Bangladesh. In this study, it is found that mother's education is one of the most important factors, which are consequence the strongest for explaining the variability on duration of breastfeeding and birth order is the second strongest determinants among the included variables. Keywords: Breastfeeding practices | Socio-demographic variables | Multiple classification analysis (MCA) | Bangladesh., Introduction Bangladesh is one of the most density-populated countries in the world. Bangladesh is a small country of 147570 square kilometers area with a population of around 147 million people [...]

ABSTRACTThe emergence of electronic health or eHealth has revolutionized the healthcare industry to offer better healthcare services at a low and affordable cost. However, it still suffers from security and privacy issues in handling health information. The privacy and security issues in eHealth domain are mainly centered around user authentication, data integrity, data confidentiality, and patient privacy protection. Biometrics technology has considerable opportunities to cope with the above security problems by providing reliable and secure user authentication. However, due to the sensitive nature of health data, the most important challenge lies toward the development of an efficient security model that can guarantee data privacy and reliability, verifying that only authorized personnel can access their corresponding health data. In this paper, we present a comprehensive overview of biometrics applications in eHealth and propose a robust and efficient scheme for user verification using fingerprint biometrics in order to enhance privacy and security in eHealth information systems. Moreover, additional issues like system complexity and processing time related to the use of biometrics should be taken into consideration. We therefore, emphasize to reduce the computation cost in biometric matching. In this work, we use local minutie features for user authentication and employ a fast stereo matching algorithm to compare the minutiae features of the test (probe) fingerprint with the minutiae features extracted from the gallery fingerprints (fingerprint database) in order to verify a person. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme leads to a compromise between the computation efficiency and the accuracy of the verification process. We believe that, our proposed scheme could be employed in real-time applications.

The objective of this paper is to deal with the design of a pilot-scale submerged membrane bioreactor (MBR) and a short-term functionality test to be performed with textile wastewater. The design calculations were done based on the design parameters analysed from local textile wastewater and typical values of activated sludge kinetic coefficients. Other process parameters like bioreactor volume (tank size), hydraulic residence time (HRT), biomass loading (F/Mratio), oxygen demand, etc., were calculated depending on the real textile wastewater characteristics. Taking the design basis into consideration, a pilot-scale MBR was constructed equipped with LabVIEW programme- and sensors-controlled computer system. Based on the theoretical calculations, the hydraulic volume of the MBR reactor was around 56.6 L with flat sheet membranes (3 sheets, with 25 cm × 25 cm dimensions of each sheet) with HRT of 16.9 h. Finally, performance tests for 6 weeks were carried out in a local (Darmstadt, Germany) laundry textile wastewater to test the functionality of MBR pilot plant. Under the operating conditions of 250 mbar suction pressure and 12 g/L of MLSS, the COD removal efficiency was around 90% for 800–3500 mg/L inlet COD fed to the membrane bioreactor.

Business intelligence (BI) institutionalization has become a growing research area within the information systems (IS) discipline because of the decision-making iteration in businesses. Studies on BI application in improving decision support are not new. However, research on BI institutionalization seems sparse. BI institutionalization may positively contribute to a managerial role in using BI application repetitively for the decision-making iteration in businesses. This article aims to carry out an integrative literature review and report consolidated views of the body of knowledge. The study adopted a qualitative content analysis to generate themes about BI routinization in the decision-making iteration. Eighty-eight research articles were selected for the study. However, 57 articles were finally included for review. The findings suggest information management capability as the key necessity for BI application and its alignment with the organizational standard for BI institutionalization.

This research work blooms the new idea of developing a safe and controlled drug releasing matrix using multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). In aqueous solution, uniform and highly stable dispersion of MWCNTs was obtained after secondary functionalization with polyethylene glycol (PEG) which was studied by Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Solution casting method was used to prepare MWCNTs/gelatin-chitosan nanocomposite films and the effect of MWCNTs on physico-mechanical, thermal and water uptake properties of the nanocomposites were evaluated. Incorporation of MWCNTs into the porous gelatin-chitosan matrix showed interesting stiffness and dampness along with developed microfibrillar structures within the pore walls intended at being used in tissue engineering of bone or cartilage. A common antibiotic drug, ciprofloxacin was incorporated into nanocomposite matrix. The evaluation of the effect of MWCNTs on drug release rate by dissolution test and antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed. Sharp release of the drug was found at early stages (∼1 h), but the rate was reduced afterwards, showing a sustained release. It was observed that for all microorganisms, the antibacterial activities of drug loaded MWCNTs/gelatin-chitosan nanocomposites were higher than that of drug loaded gelatin-chitosan composite films containing no MWCNTs. Comparative statistical studies by ANOVA techniques also showed remarkable difference between the antibacterial activities, exhibited by MWCNTs-incorporated and non-incorporated composite films.

3D ultrasound imaging has advantages over other medical imaging modalities, as it does not involve invasive measurements, reduces study time and operator dependency and can display volume information in real time. It is a valuable way of examining many of the body’s internal organs; however the visibility of details of the organs are usually degraded by speckle noise and blurring during the image acquisition process. A number of image restoration methods have been used to reduce the effects of blurring and noise. Most of the restoration methods involve the use of a prior model as a regularisation term to solve an ill-posed inverse problem. In this paper, we present a wavelet-based restoration method for 3D ultrasound image restoration where a Laplacian scale mixture model combined with a total variation constraint is used as a regularisation prior. Our results show that the restored 3D ultrasound volumes produced by this approach have improved quality over those restored using other recently proposed approaches.

In an epoch of the growing risk of antibiotic resistance, there is a dire need to establish an effective novel feeding practice for broiler nutrition as an alternative to antibiotics. Hence, the aim of the current study was to evaluate the impact of clove powder and tulsi extract on the growth performance, gut morphologic and morphometric indices, and cecal microbial status of broiler, as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs). Sixty day-old chicks of Cobb-500 strain were randomly divided into 4 groups, each having 15 birds. Chicks of the control group (T0) were fed commercial broiler feed with no additional supplementation. The treatment groups were offered commercial broiler feed and received clove powder and tulsi extract with drinking water at the rate of 0.5% + 2% (T1), 1% + 3% (T2), and 1.5% + 4% (T3), respectively. Results showed a nonlinear relationship with the dosage of clove and tulsi. All the growth parameters substantially (P< 0.05) improved in T2 while T1 and T3 showed no significant improvement compared to T0. The final body weight was significantly (P< 0.05) higher in T2. Giblet and offal weights showed no noticeable differences except in the intestine and heart where intestine weight markedly (P< 0.05) decreased in T3 and heart weight significantly (P< 0.05) increased in T1 and T2. Clove and tulsi supplementation substantially improved the villus height and villus surface area of the small intestine in T2 while the large intestine remained mostly unaffected by the treatment. Cecal microbial status significantly improved in all the treatment groups having increased (P< 0.05) Lactobacillusspp. count and decreased (P< 0.05) E. colicount compared to T0. Based on the aforementioned findings, it can be concluded that the combination of clove and tulsi can improve the growth performance and gut health of broilers which is largely dose-dependent and might be supplied as a potential alternative to AGPs.

ABSTRACTWith the manifestation of the Internet of Things (IoT) and fog computing, the quantity of edge devices is escalating exponentially all over the world, providing better services to the end user with the help of existing and upcoming communication infrastructures. All of these devices are producing and communicating a huge amount of data and control information around this open IoT environment. A large amount of this information contains personal and important information for the user as well as for the organization. The number of attack vectors for malicious users is high due to the openness, distributed nature, and lack of control over the whole IoT environment. For building the IoT as an effective service platform, end users need to trust the system. For this reason, security and privacy of information in the IoT is a great concern in critical infrastructures such as the smart home, smart city, smart healthcare, smart industry, etc. In this article, we propose three information hiding techniques for protecting communication in critical IoT infrastructure with the help of steganography, where RGB images are used as carriers for the information. We hide the information in the deeper layer of the image channels with minimum distortion in the least significant bit (lsb) to be used as indication of data. We analyze our technique both mathematically and experimentally. Mathematically, we show that the adversary cannot predict the actual information by analysis. The proposed approach achieved better imperceptibility and capacity than the various existing techniques along with better resistance to steganalysis attacks such as histogram analysis and RS analysis, as proven experimentally.

Background: Chikungunya is a severely debilitating disease. Bangladesh witnessed one of the largest outbreaks in 2017. Here, we described the clinical profile of the chikungunya outbreak in Bangladesh and its heterogeneity across three hotspots. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of 432 individuals interviewed from the outpatient department of three study sites (Dhaka, Chittagong, and Sitakundu Upazilla of Bangladesh) after confirmation by the study physicians. Both laboratory-confirmed cases and probable cases were recruited between July and October 2017. Results: Of all, 18% (79) were laboratory confirmed, and 353 82% (335) were probable cases. The male:female ratio was almost equal (1.09:1), and the predominant age group was 18–59 years. The mean age of the presentation was 36.07 ± 13.62 (SD) years. Fever and arthralgia were the most common presentations and were present in > 95% of cases. Other frequent symptoms were fatigue, myalgia, headache, nausea, and vomiting. Approximately half of the patients had arthritis and erythematous rash. Arthritis was predominant in Chittagong city, while maculopapular rash was not observed in Sitakunda city. However, fatigue, nausea, and vomiting are more common among patients in Dhaka city. Significant heterogeneity of clinical manifestations was present across the three hotspots (p&lt; 0.05 for all). Both confirmed and probable cases shared similar characteristics except muscle ache (p= 0.22) and rash (p= 0.37). Conclusion: The clinical profile of chikungunya virus-induced disease displays significant location-related heterogeneity in Bangladesh during a large outbreak. Although the causes of such differences are unclear, improved public and medical personnel education on this condition may lead to earlier diagnosis and treatment.

Growth promoters are added with broiler feed to boost the overall feed efficiency and growth rate. The current study investigated the effect of dexamethasone (DEX)—a commonly used growth promoter—on the broiler growth rate, meat quality, and muscle biology. Four homogenous groups (20 chicks/group) of broiler one-day-old chicks were fed commercial broiler feed where the treatment groups received 3, 5, and 7 mg/kg of DEX with their diet for 28 d. Feed consumption and body weight were monitored on a daily basis. Muscle samples were collected on 7, 14, 21, and 28 d of the experiment to investigate meat quality and muscular biology. The residue of DEX in meat was detected using thin-layer chromatography. We observed that DEX had substantially decreased (P< 0.05) feed intake, feed efficiency, and overall weight gain in the broiler. While the weight of breast and thigh meat was decreased, the relative meat weight (meat/body weight) was increased significantly in chicks fed DEX. Simultaneously, body fat decreased while the percentage of fat increased significantly (P< 0.05) in the DEX groups. Contrariwise, DEX improved the investigated meat quality parameters with the potential threat of accumulation of DEX residue in the meat at a high dose (7 mg/kg). We also observed that DEX significantly increased the number of myofibers and decreased the cross-sectional area of myofibers. Based on these findings, we conclude that DEX reduces feed intake, feed efficiency, and growth rate, but might improve meat quality with a potential risk of residual DEX accumulation if fed at a high dose.

The resource-constraint nature of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has caused the security one of biggest challenges. An efficient key management scheme is the pre-requisite to ensure security in WSN. In this paper the authors present two versions of a secured key management scheme adopted on cluster-based topology of sensor network. The proposed schemes use partial key pre-distribution and symmetric cryptography techniques, and shows high resilience to different security attacks. Whereas one version of the proposed protocol uses shared partial keys in a cluster, the other version uses private partial keys. Both versions of the proposed key management scheme outperform other random key pre- distribution protocols in the sense that it requires lower space, lower communication overhead and offers very high session key candidates.

The aim of present study was to examine the relative mRNA transcription of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4), CD14, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in endometritic buffaloes. Reproductive tracts were collected from 60 buffaloes at postmortem. The genitalia were diagnosed for endometritis based on positive white side test of uterine fluid, presence of >5% polymorphonuclear cells in uterine cytology, and endometrial histopathology. The endometritis-positive genitalia were categorized as luteal (n= 10) and follicular (n= 10) based on the presence of corpus luteum. Further, 20 normal genitalia (luteal, n= 10 and follicular, n= 10) were also included as control. The endometrial tissue scrapings were collected ex vivo from all the samples, total RNA was extracted, complementary DNA was transcribed for each sample, and relative quantification of mRNA was done by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The threshold cycle values of all the samples were normalized with the housekeeping β-actin gene and relative fold change was calculated using 2−ΔΔCtmethod. Present study revealed a variable upregulation of TLR-4, CD14, IL-1β, IL-8, and TNF-α transcription in endometritic buffaloes either at luteal or follicular stage. Predominantly at luteal stage, the significant upregulation of TLR-4, IL-8, and TNF-α transcripts was 4.66-, 21.19-, and 42.49-fold, respectively, indicated the possibility of cytokine-based diagnostic method for the early indication of endometritis before the onset of cyclic estrus. Nevertheless, further research in respect to threshold level of each cytokine in uterine biopsies involving more number of animals is required to establish a potential marker gene(s) for the diagnosis of endometritis and for devising novel therapeutic intervention.

To determine the leukocyte profile in periparturient cows and their relation with the development of postpartum reproductive diseases (PRD).

To determine the concentration of interleukin-1, a pro-inflammatory cytokine in periparturient cows and their association with the clinical outcome of postpartum reproductive diseases (PRD).

The present analysis reports a computational study of Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow behaviour of 2D Maxwell nanofluid across a stretched sheet in appearance of Brownian motion. The substantial term thermal radiation and chemical reactions have been employed extensively in the current research. Nanofluids are usually chosen by researchers because of their rheological properties, which are important in determining their appropriateness for convective heat transfer. The present research reveals that the fluid velocity augments for the enhanced values of all the parameters. Heat source, as well as the radiation parameters, ensure that there is enough heat in the fluid, which implies escalation of the thermal boundary layer thickness by accruing radiation parameter. Moreover, streamlines and isotherms have been investigated for the different parametric values. The suggested model is valuable because it has a wide range of applications in domains including medical sciences (treatment of cancer therapeutics), microelectronics, biomedicine, biology, and industrial production processes.

•“Test, test, test”was the global slogan from WHO for tackling the COVID-19 pandemic. Testing is very important for identifying COVID-19 positive patients and isolating them for not spreading the virus to others. Unfortunately, most of the countries, especially the developing countries, do not have enough facilities for testing. Moreover, this test is very expensive for individuals. So it is very important to identify only the suspected ones who are at high risk and send them for testing ensuring the best use of the limited valued resources. This paper suggested a COVID-19 triage protocolfor identifying the suspected patients what is very important.•Studies show that about 80% of the tested positive COVID-19 patients are in mild or moderate levels and not in danger. They even don't need to be hospitalized but they can be treated being under a home quarantine state. For this purpose, this research proposes a home delivery COVID-19 healthcare servicewith the support of telemedicine by remote doctors using a tele-healthcare system.•As COVID-19 is a highly infectious disease, home delivery service by visiting patients at home is very risky. This study recommends a new approach of home delivery service providing COVID-19 system boxwith self-checking medical sensors at the patient end. The patient can check health status, share data with the remote doctor and receive tele-consultancy by using a COVID-19 applicationinstalled in a tablet PC provided in the COVID-19 system box. This ensures the clinical safetyof both the patients and health workers.•The result shows the high accuracy of the triage systemin identifying COVID-19 suspects. Thus, this system can detect the right people to go under investigation and avoid the unnecessary crowds in the test centers what is very important to tackle the pandemic with limited resources of the developing world.

In this paper, charge control mechanism and carrier features have been precisely investigated in InxGa1-xN/InN/InxGa1-xN based quantum-well double heterostructure high electron mobility transistors (QW-DHEMTs). A study of charge control in the InxGa1-xN/InN/InxGa1-xN structure is performed by self-consistently solving Schrödinger equation in conjunction with Poisson’s equation taking into account the spontaneous and piezoelectric polarization effects. The potential profile and the distribution of electron density in the channel as a function of gate voltage are investigated here. A large conduction band offset of about 2.2eV is obtained for the proposed device for In content x=0.05, which ensure better carrier confinement and higher sheet charge density. The influence of In composition(x) and doping concentration of InxGa1-xN upper barrier on sheet charge density and carrier distributions in channel is also presented. This analysis provides a platform to investigate the InN based QW-DHEMTs and to optimized their design.

Composites containing various amounts of LLDPE (Linear Low Density Polyethylene) and clay (0, 1, 5, 10, 20 and 30% of clay) were prepared using two different types of clay (Bijoypur white clay and China clay) by extrusion technique followed by compression molding. Tensile strength (TS) & tensile modulus (TM) of pure LLDPE were found to be 9.8 MPa & 175 MPa respectively. For both types of clay TS, Eb% was gradually decreased but TM was gradually increased with increasing the percentage of clay in LLDPE/clay composites. The effects of ionizing (gamma) and non-ionizing (UV) radiations on the mechanical properties of LLDPE/clay composites were studied. The composites irradiated under UV & gamma radiation showed higher TS than that of non-irradiated one. Thermal degradation of the composites was studied at different temperatures. Water uptake of the composites was found negligible.

Mature green banana (GB) fruit is rich in amylase-resistant starch that stimulates colonic production of short-chain fatty acids (referred to as fatty acid) and is useful in treating diarrheal diseases. We studied therapeutic effects of GB in childhood shigellosis by determining colonic fatty acid production in a double-blind, randomized, controlled, clinical trial.

AbstractThe purpose of the present study is to build mathematical models to age structure for female population in rural area of Bangladesh during 1974–2001. For this, the secondary data of age structure for female population in rural area of Bangladesh has been taken from censuses of 1974, 1981, 1991 and 2001. It is seen that the pattern or shape of age structure follows negative exponential model. To clarify whether these are valid or not, the model validation technique, cross-validity prediction power (CVPP), is applied to these models.

In this study, we have elucidated that propionate, one of the short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), is the transport substrate for murine organic anion transporter 2 (mOat2), which is expressed in the kidneys and the liver. When expressed in Xenopusoocytes, mOat2-mediated [3H]PGE2transport was inhibited by three- to five-carbon SCFAs (C3 to C5). Among the SCFAs tested, propionate (3-carbon SCFA) was transported by mOat2 in a time-dependent manner. Since propionate is a potent glucogenic compound, Oat2 may be involved in the regulation of cellular metabolism through the transport of these metabolites in the kidneys and the liver.

Renal organic anion transporters play an important role in the handling of a number of endogenous and exogenous anionic substances in the kidney. In this study, we investigated prostaglandin E2(PGE2) transport properties and intrarenal localization of mouse organic anion transporter 3 (mOat3). When expressed in Xenopusoocytes, mOat3 mediated the time- and concentration-dependent transport of PGE2(Km: 1.48 µM). PGE2transport mediated by mOat3 was trans-stimulated by intracellular glutarate injected into the oocytes. PGE2efflux via mOat3 was also trans-stimulated by extracellular glutarate. Thus, mOat3 was shown to mediate the bidirectional transport of PGE2, partly coupled to the dicarboxylate exchange mechanism. Immunohistochemical study revealed that mOat3 protein was localized at the basolateral membrane of renal proximal and distal tubules. Furthermore, diffuse expression of mOat3, including expression in the basolateral membrane in macula densa (MD) cells, was observed. These results indicate that mOat3 plays an important role as a basolateral transport pathway of PGE2in the distal nephron including MD cells that may constitute one of the indispensable steps for renin release and regulation of the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism.

The problem of buoyancy-induced secondary flow in fluid-saturated porous media is examined using a numerical model. The natural convection is coupled either with a forced axial flow or uniform internal heat generation. In both cases the model equations are shown to exhibit dual solutions over certain ranges of flow parameter. In the two-parameter space of aspect ratio and Grashof number, the flow transition between the two-vortex and four-vortex pattern can be explained in terms of a tilted cusp.

Drug resistance in bacteria and cancer is a growing problem that decreases drug treatment effectiveness and increases the severity of bacterial infections as well as cancer mortality. Due to their high sensitivity, low cost, and rapid analysis time, electrochemical methods have been increasingly employed to tackle this challenge throughout the last decade. This review covers literature on the electrochemical characterization of antibiotics and chemotherapeutic drugs, as well as advances in analyzing interactions between drug compounds and biological cells. Recent developments towards the quantitative detection of drug resistance in bacteria and cancer by electrochemistry are discussed, and the use of specialized electrochemical instrumentation, such as scanning electrochemical microscopy, is highlighted.

Vizcardo: NCI: Patents & Royalties: International Patent Application PCT/US2017/65986. Klemen:NIH/NCI: Patents & Royalties: International Patent Application PCT/US2017/65986. Restifo:NIH/NCI: Patents & Royalties: International Patent Application PCT/US2017/65986.

In this contribution, Sr and Mn co-doped Bi0.90Sr0.10FexMn1 [?] xO3 (X = 0, 5%, 10%, 15%) nanoparticles were prepared by sol-gel (chemical route) method to observe the dominance of co-substitution on their grain size, morphology, UV-vis absorbance and magnetic properties. Co-substitution of Sr and Mn in BiFeO3, leads to structural transformation from rhombohedral (R3c) to orthorhombic (Pn21a). Field emission scanning electron microscope reveals that upon Mn doping nanoparticles become finer. The M-H loops depict that at 15 mol. % Mn doping the saturation magnetization (Ms) is enhanced significantly. Moreover, the synthesized nanoparticles absorb visible light and their band gaps reduce substantially.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.

Background Monitoring for disparities in health and services received based upon gender, income, and geography should continue as renewed efforts to reduce under-five mortality are made in response to millennium development goal #4. The purpose of this survey was to provide a nationally representative description of current childhood diarrhoea management practices and disparities in Bangladesh. Methods A nationally representative, cross-sectional, cluster-sample survey was carried out in randomly selected rural and urban populations across Bangladesh. The survey was completed over an 8 month period between November 2003 and June 2004. Results A total of 7308 children with a prevalent diarrhoeal illness episode within 560 clusters were identified and enrolled in the survey. In 61% of the cases help was sought from a health care provider, with over 90% practicing in the private sector. Caretaker practice disparities favouring males and higher income households were identified. Significant trends (P < 0.001) favouring higher income households were found for having sought help from any provider or a licensed doctor and for treating their child with oral rehydration solution or an antibiotic. Female children in urban households were less likely to be seen by a licensed allopath, adj OR 0.73 (95% CI 0.57, 0.94). Among rural households gender disparities were limited to females being less likely to receive an antibiotic, adj OR 0.74 (95% CI 0.65, 0.86). Conclusion Households seeking help from a health provider overwhelmingly utilize the private sector in Bangladesh. Gender inequities in the utilization of licensed providers and purchase of antibiotics, favouring males were identified. Findings suggest that higher income, urban households tend to practice greater gender discrimination. In order to better understand health dynamics in urban populations, in particular slum-dwellers, there is a need to disaggregate survey data by household location.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.