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2024 APR 20 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Obesity, Fitness & Wellness Week -- A new study on Central Nervous System Diseases and Conditions - Lyme [...]

2024 MAR 30 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Obesity, Fitness & Wellness Week -- Investigators publish new report on pseudotumor cerebri. According to news reporting originating [...]

2024 MAR 23 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Obesity, Fitness & Wellness Week -- New research on Central Nervous System Diseases and Conditions - Pseudotumor Cerebri [...]

2023 DEC 7 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Women's Health Weekly -- Investigators publish new report on sensorineural hearing loss. According to news reporting from Pomona, [...]

2023 NOV 11 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Obesity, Fitness & Wellness Week -- Researchers detail new data in pseudotumor cerebri. According to news originating from [...]

2023 SEP 16 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Obesity, Fitness & Wellness Week -- Current study results on pseudotumor cerebri have been published. According to news [...]

A study conducted at Karolinska University Hospital in Stockholm, Sweden, focused on the revision and infection rates in 728 adult hydrocephalus patients who underwent shunt surgery between 2013 and 2019. The research found that younger age and prior shunts were significant predictors of increased risk for revision surgery, while obstructive hydrocephalus, prior shunt, and cloxacillin were risk factors for shunt infection. The study recommended additional preventive measures for younger patients with congenital hydrocephalus and prior implants to reduce the risk of shunt infection. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the National Hospital Ninos Dr. Carlos Saenz Herrera in San Jose, Costa Rica, focused on Congenital Toxoplasmosis caused by Toxoplasma gondii infections. The research highlighted the impact of this parasitic infection on infants, particularly in cases where the immune system is compromised. The study emphasized the importance of early detection and appropriate treatment to reduce the risk of vertical transmission and mitigate the severity of the disease, especially in cases where infants develop complications such as hydrocephalus. The findings underscored the significance of effective management strategies in improving long-term outcomes for affected infants. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at North Shore University Hospital in Manhasset, New York, focused on the use of balloon guide catheters during venous sinus stenting for conditions such as pulsatile tinnitus and idiopathic intracranial hypertension. The study found that the use of balloon guide catheters was safe and feasible, with no intraprocedural complications reported. The researchers highlighted the advantages of using balloon guide catheters to navigate through venous sinuses and deliver stents effectively. This research provides valuable insights into improving safety and efficiency in venous sinus stenting procedures. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet revealed that brain hypoxia and metabolic crisis are common in patients with acute brain injury, despite normal intracranial pressure. The research, which focused on patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage or traumatic brain injury, highlighted the importance of multimodal neuromonitoring in detecting such episodes and guiding individualized treatment. The study found significant associations between abnormal intracranial pressure, cerebral hypoxia, and metabolic crisis, emphasizing the need for comprehensive monitoring in these patients. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the creation of the Hydrocephalus Association Patient-Powered Interactive Engagement Registry (HAPPIER) to address the lack of patient perspectives in hydrocephalus research. The registry aims to improve patient-centered care by highlighting quality-of-life outcomes and providing a platform for researchers to access data. Initial findings from the registry show demographics, treatments, symptoms, and comorbidities of participants, emphasizing the importance of incorporating patient perspectives in understanding hydrocephalus. The database is open to investigators interested in analyzing the collected data, with a focus on longitudinal data collection and patient surveys. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted in Beijing, China, by the National Center of Biomedical Analysis focused on the role of regulator of G-protein signaling 22 (RGS22) in preventing hydrocephalus. The research found that RGS22 deficiency led to severe congenital hydrocephalus in mice and rats by causing ependymal denudation and impaired ciliogenesis. The study suggests that RGS22 could serve as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target for hydrocephalus, highlighting the importance of maintaining the physiological function of ependymal cells in preventing this condition. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Cairo University focused on evaluating a modified protocol to prevent postoperative shunt infections in children with congenital hydrocephalus. The research showed promising results with a 0% rate of shunt infection during the follow-up period. While the findings are encouraging, further validation through a large prospective study is necessary before widespread implementation of the protocol can be recommended. This research was published in the Journal of Neurological Surgery Part A: Central European Neurosurgery and can be accessed for more information. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers from the University of Kentucky College of Medicine evaluated the safety and efficacy of optic nerve sheath fenestration using visual acuity, perimetry, and optical coherence tomography. The study involved 55 patients who underwent the procedure, showing improvements in visual acuity, perimetric mean deviation, and optic disc edema after a 12-month follow-up. The research concluded that optic nerve sheath fenestration via a medial transconjunctival approach is a safe and effective method for preserving vision in patients with papilledema, especially in cases of idiopathic intracranial hypertension. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from Nicolaus Copernicus University highlights the case of a 32-year-old male with primary complete empty sella syndrome, presenting with ophthalmologic symptoms as the first manifestation of the condition. The study emphasizes the importance of ophthalmologists in managing intracranial hypertension and advocates for a multidisciplinary approach in treating empty sella syndrome. Patients with nonspecific eye symptoms should undergo comprehensive ophthalmological examinations, with urgent brain imaging recommended for those with bilateral optic disk elevation. Multidisciplinary management involving endocrinologists, neurologists, neurosurgeons, and ophthalmologists is crucial due to the varied clinical course of the syndrome. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from the University of Cambridge discusses the use of decompressive craniectomy (DC) as a surgical procedure for intracranial hypertension following traumatic brain injury. The research suggests that while DC can be beneficial in certain cases, it is not a universal solution and should be considered on a case-by-case basis. The study emphasizes the need for further high-quality randomized controlled trials to determine specific indications and types of decompressive craniotomy for appropriate patients. [Extracted from the article]

A report from the National University Hospital in Singapore highlights the importance of transitional care in neurosurgery, particularly for pediatric patients transitioning to adult care. The study emphasizes the pivotal role of neurosurgeons in facilitating successful transitions and maintaining continuity of care. The research findings suggest that institutions with both pediatric and adult services are uniquely positioned to develop effective transitional care models. This peer-reviewed study underscores the significance of having experienced neurosurgeons who can serve as crucial anchors during the transitional period. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted in Guangzhou, China, focused on the management of hydrocephalus in pediatric patients with diffuse midline gliomas (DMG). The study highlighted the challenges associated with ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) insertion, which led to the development of ascites containing tumor cells in the patients. Despite initial treatment success, all three patients eventually succumbed to malignant ascites, emphasizing the importance of continuous monitoring and early detection in glioma patients to improve outcomes. The study underscores the need for regular assessments of CSF and ascitic fluid composition to facilitate timely intervention and improve patient prognosis. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses recent research on pituitary adenoma in children, a benign intracranial tumor that is more commonly found in adults. The study highlights the unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges faced when treating children with pituitary adenoma, emphasizing the need for independent discussion of this condition in pediatric patients. The research from Qilu Hospital of Shandong University reviews the clinical progress in diagnosing and treating pediatric pituitary adenoma, shedding light on the physiological and psychological impact on children. [Extracted from the article]

A case report published in Reactions Weekly discusses a transgender 33-year-old man who developed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak and idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) while undergoing female to male transgender hormonal therapy with testosterone. The patient, who was obese, presented with symptoms such as acute headaches and rhinorrhoea, leading to the discovery of CSF leak and IIH. Treatment included endoscopic repair of the CSF leak and medication with acetazolamide, which resulted in symptom improvement. The adverse effects were attributed to the use of exogenous testosterone in this case. [Extracted from the article]

A 62-year-old woman experienced lack of efficacy when treated with methylprednisolone and sodium chloride for acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) or intracranial hypertension. Despite initial treatment, the woman deteriorated to a comatose state and required intubation and mechanical ventilation. Second-line treatment with cyclophosphamide and plasma exchange led to neurological improvement, and she was eventually discharged with complete recovery after four and a half months. [Extracted from the article]

A 30-year-old woman experienced lack of efficacy while being treated with levetiracetam for drug withdrawal-related seizures and naloxone for CHANTER syndrome. She had a history of polysubstance abuse, including cocaine, and schizophrenia. Despite being compliant with levetiracetam, she exhibited abnormal right upper extremity twitching indicating lack of efficacy, and also did not respond to naloxone. The woman developed severe rhabdomyolysis, acute renal failure, and multi-organ failure, requiring intensive care and hemodialysis. With aggressive treatment, she showed improvement and was eventually discharged to long-term care with intact consciousness and mobility. [Extracted from the article]

A 17-month-old girl experienced acute retinol toxicity, metabolic acidosis, and intracranial hypertension after her parents gave her high doses of retinol and vitamin D based on advice from a naturopath on social media. She was treated with acetazolamide for intracranial hypertension, which led to metabolic acidosis. The girl eventually recovered after the treatment was stopped, showing complete recovery at a five-month follow-up. [Extracted from the article]

A case report published in Reactions Weekly describes a woman who developed sickle cell crisis while being treated with acetazolamide for refractory idiopathic intracranial hypertension. The woman, whose exact age was not disclosed, experienced this adverse reaction during the course of treatment. As a result, acetazolamide therapy was discontinued. This information was gathered from a retrospective chart review involving 48 women with refractory idiopathic intracranial hypertension. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Qingdao Municipal Hospital in China has examined the treatment of cryptococcal meningitis (CM) accompanied by acute intracranial hypertension. Intracranial hypertension is a common and severe complication of CM that can lead to early mortality and neurological issues. The researchers presented a case study of a patient with CM who underwent ventricular abdominal wall drainage, along with antifungal treatment, resulting in a successful recovery. The patient had a history of taking immunosuppressants for another condition. This research provides valuable insights into the management of CM and the importance of controlling intracranial pressure. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Harvard Medical School discusses the biomechanical instability of the brain-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) interface in hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus is a condition characterized by the progressive expansion of the CSF-filled ventricles in the brain and is the most common reason for brain surgery. The report suggests that abnormal biomechanical properties of the brain parenchyma, such as impaired neurodevelopment, neurodegeneration, and inflammation-related neural injury, can lead to ventriculomegaly (enlargement of the ventricles). This new perspective on hydrocephalus has implications for diagnosis, treatment, and research. The research was supported by the NIH National Institute of Neurological Disorders & Stroke. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Universitas Padjadjaran in Bandung, Indonesia discusses a rare case of hydrocephalus caused by choroid plexus carcinoma (CPC) in the third ventricle of a 6-year-old child. CPC is a rare tumor that usually occurs in the lateral or fourth ventricles, with only 5% of cases occurring in the third ventricle. The child presented with symptoms such as headache, macrocephaly, left hemiparesis, and sunset eyes. The tumor was confirmed through an endoscopic biopsy and histopathological examination. This research provides valuable insights into a rare case of hydrocephalus caused by CPC in pediatric patients. [Extracted from the article]

A 57-year-old woman developed disseminated Bacillus cereus central nervous system (CNS) infection while being treated for acute myeloid leukemia with idarubicin and cytarabine. Despite receiving multiple drugs such as imipenem, amphotericin B, voriconazole, vancomycin, and cotrimoxazole for the infection, she exhibited lack of efficacy and ultimately passed away. The woman's condition deteriorated rapidly, leading to her death despite medical interventions. [Extracted from the article]

A case report from the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) in Chhattisgarh, India, discusses otitic hydrocephalus, a rare complication of chronic otitis media (COM). Otitic hydrocephalus presents as a form of benign intracranial hypertension with dural venous sinus thrombosis, causing raised intracranial pressure without space-occupying lesions. The report describes a case of a young male with a history of left ear discharge who presented with symptoms such as headache, fever, and blurred vision. The patient underwent surgical intervention, including ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement and mastoidectomy, to reduce morbidity. The researchers emphasize the importance of prompt intervention by a multidisciplinary team in managing otitic hydrocephalus. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Zhejiang University investigated the role of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inflammatory cytokines and coagulation factors in the development of severe cerebral edema and chronic hydrocephalus in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The study found that elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines and extrinsic coagulation pathway factors in the CSF were associated with the development of early severe cerebral edema and chronic hydrocephalus following SAH. These factors may contribute to post-SAH glymphatic-meningeal lymphatic dysfunction. The study suggests that tissue plasminogen activator may alleviate neuroinflammation and cerebral edema by restoring glymphatic-meningeal lymphatic function. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by Harvard Medical School has explored the use of computer vision-derived algorithms to detect shunt failure in adult hydrocephalus patients. The researchers trained a machine learning algorithm to identify ventriculomegaly, a condition indicative of shunt failure, in computed tomography scans. The algorithm demonstrated high reliability and accuracy in detecting ventriculomegaly, correctly predicting the need for shunt revision in 92.3% of test cases. While further development is needed, this study suggests that automated algorithms could be a feasible solution for diagnosing shunt malfunction in adult hydrocephalus patients. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, explored the use of radiological imaging in diagnosing idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH). The study aimed to correlate the Evans index (EI), callosal angle (CA), and lateral ventricle volume with gait response outcomes in patients with iNPH. The researchers found that evaluating the lateral ventricle volume before lumbar puncture could serve as a predictor for gait response after lumbar puncture in individuals with normal pressure hydrocephalus. These findings suggest that radiological assessments can play a crucial role in diagnosing iNPH and determining appropriate treatment options. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Linkoping University in Sweden explored the effects of shunt treatment on excessive daytime sleepiness in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH). The study found that shunt treatment resulted in a significant improvement in excessive daytime sleepiness, particularly in patients with high levels of sleepiness prior to surgery. The researchers suggest that the Epworth sleepiness scale, a quick and easy test, could be a valuable tool for screening NPH patients for treatable symptoms. This research provides important insights into the symptomatology of NPH and the potential benefits of shunt treatment. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at New York University (NYU) Langone Health examined the role of early postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in predicting the success of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) as a treatment for obstructive hydrocephalus. The study found that no single imaging parameter could predict the success of ETV, but the absence of a flow void was associated with ETV failure. However, the researchers concluded that immediate postoperative imaging has limited influence on clinical management. The study highlights the need for further research to determine the true negative predictive value of the absence of a flow void. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Humboldt University in Berlin, Germany, focused on normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH), a condition characterized by reduced awareness of cognitive deficits. The study aimed to investigate the changes in reduced awareness of cognitive deficits following lumbar puncture (LP) in patients with idiopathic NPH (iNPH). The researchers compared the results with those of clinical and healthy control groups. The study found that there were LP-related changes in reduced awareness of cognitive deficits in iNPH patients compared to the other groups. The findings suggest that LP may improve metacognitive abilities in iNPH patients, facilitating adjustments in cognitive functioning. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of California San Diego (UCSD) has found that hypersensitivity to type I interferon (IFN) may be a cause of hydrocephalus development. The study focused on mice lacking both type I IFN receptor subunit 1 (Ifnar1) and ubiquitin specific protease 18 (Usp18), and found that these mice did not display a hydrocephalus phenotype. The researchers also observed that suppression of USP18 in ependymal cells treated with IFN increased cell death and decreased proliferation, suggesting that heightened sensitivity to type I IFN during brain development contributes to the onset of hydrocephalus. The study concludes that inhibition of IFN signaling may hold promise as a therapeutic strategy for hydrocephalus. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the University of Zagreb in Croatia discusses the use of biomarkers to differentiate between responders and non-responders in patients with idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) undergoing external lumbar drainage (ELD). The study found that changes in the concentrations of certain biomarkers, specifically amyloid-(3, total and phosphorylated tau proteins, were associated with changes in clinical condition. Patients who showed significant clinical improvement had higher concentrations of A beta 1-42 and a higher A beta 1-42/A beta 1-40 ratio. The findings suggest that an increase in A beta 1-42 concentration during ELD may be a positive prognostic factor for permanent CSF drainage in iNPH patients. [Extracted from the article]

A case report from Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital in Taiwan discusses the management of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), a neurological disorder characterized by elevated intracranial pressure. The report focuses on a 27-year-old woman who presented with chronic headaches and blurred vision, and highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in diagnosing and treating IIH. The study emphasizes the role of weight management as a preventive measure against IIH recurrence. The researchers conclude that a multidisciplinary team strategy can enhance outcomes and quality of life for patients with IIH. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University Hospital Zurich in Switzerland explored the use of steroids in the treatment of super-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE) caused by tick-borne encephalitis (TBE). The study focused on a 31-year-old woman who was admitted to the hospital with symptoms of TBE, including fever, headache, vertigo, and meningismus. Despite initial treatment, the patient's condition worsened, leading to coma and SRSE. Steroid treatment was initiated to address elevated intracranial pressure and persistent seizure activity, which resulted in the resolution of electrographic status epilepticus. However, the patient remained in a minimally conscious state at discharge. The study concluded that the use of steroids in TBE is controversial, but in this case, it coincided with the cessation of SRSE, suggesting potential benefits due to its immunomodulatory effects. [Extracted from the article]