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Mixture of octa(3-aminopropyl) polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS-NH2) and tetrachloroauric(III) acid under basic condition spontaneously produced gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The amino groups reduced Au(III) cation to Au(0) and interacted with the surface of AuNPs; POSS-NH2worked as a reductant and a stabilizer at once. Sodium hydroxide partially hydrolyzed Si–O bonds of polyhedoral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) to generate SiO−species, which stabilized AuNPs via electrostatic interparticle repulsion to avoid aggregation. Addition of hydrochloric acid neutralized the amino groups of POSS-NH2, and generated NH3+interacted with SiO−to form aggregates. That is, pH-responsive AuNPs were prepared through the facile method.

Background: Early repolarization, which was regarded as benign, has recently been associated with malignant arrhythmia. Despite the newly emerged importance of early repolarization, little is known about prevalence and QT interval of early repolarization. Methods: Early repolarization (defined as an elevation at the junction between QRS complex and ST segment = 0.1 mV in at least 2 leads) was assessed in database containing 308,391 ECGs consisting of 102,065 patients (52,779 males and 49,286 females). Results: A total of 1,775 patients (mean age, 49 ± 30 years) with early repolarization were chosen (1.7% of total population). The prevalence of early repolarization was about 11-times higher in male patients (n = 1,623) than in female patients (n = 152). The prevalence of early repolarization was 1.4% at the age of 0-9 years, peaked (5.0%) at the age of 10-19 years, and progressively decreased with advancing age from 20 to 79 years (3.3, 2.1, 1.6, 0.9, 0.5, and 0.3% at the age of 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, and 70-79 years, respectively). Bazett's QTc interval of patients with early repolarization did not significantly differ among groups of each decade and between genders. Conclusion: The prevalence of early repolarization was both age- and gender-dependent in a hospital-based population. Yet, there was no association between QTc interval and age and between QTc interval and gender.

Background: Early repolarization, which was regarded as benign, has recently been associated with malignant arrhythmia. Despite the newly emerged importance of early repolarization, little is known about prevalence and QT interval of early repolarization. Methods: Early repolarization (defined as an elevation at the junction between QRS complex and ST segment ≥ 0.1 mV in at least 2 leads) was assessed in database containing 308,391 ECGs consisting of 102,065 patients (52,779 males and 49,286 females).

Arrhythmogenic right venticular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C) is an inherited cardiomyopathy with a very low penetrance affecting the right ventricle (RV) and presenting palpitation and syncope due to ventricular tachycardia (VT) originating from RV. The VT can degenerate into ventricular fibrillation and sudden cardiac death. The genetic background of ARVD/C has recently been found to be heterogeneous, mainly resulting from cell adhesion abnormalities due to mutations in five different genes encoding members of the desmosome complex. In Asian countries, however, the genetic aspect of the disease has not been fully studied, although the clinical features of Asian ARVD/C patients are different from those in Western countries in the penetrance of phenotypes, relation to Brugada syndrome and link to RV outflow tract ventricular tachycardia. It is of urgent need to have a registry of Asian ARVD/C patients and to conduct a more detailed genetic survey on the candidate genes, including desomosomal ones.

Arrhythmogenic right venticular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C) is an inherited cardiomyopathy with a very low penetrance affecting the right ventricle (RV) and presenting palpitation and syncope due to ventricular tachycardia (VT) originating from RV. The VT can degenerate into ventricular fibrillation and sudden cardiac death. The genetic background of ARVD/C has recently been found to be heterogeneous, mainly resulting from cell adhesion abnormalities due to mutations in five different genes encoding members of the desmosome complex. In Asian countries, however, the genetic aspect of the disease has not been fully studied, although the clinical features of Asian ARVD/C patients are different from those in Western countries in the penetrance of phenotypes, relation to Brugada syndrome and link to RV outflow tract ventricular tachycardia. It is of urgent need to have a registry of Asian ARVD/C patients and to conduct a more detailed genetic survey on the candidate genes, including desomosomal ones.