Search

Las hipoglucemias pueden tener un impacto negativo en diferentes aspectos del manejo de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). El objetivo fue determinar el impacto que las hipoglucemias y la preocupación que generan tienen en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) de los pacientes con DM2 en España, así como explorar las actitudes y conocimientos de los médicos respecto a estos aspectos.

Las osteoporosis secundarias se deben a diversas causas relacionadas con enfermedades, medicaciones y hábitos que reducen la masa ósea y aumentan el riesgo de fractura osteoporótica con independencia de la edad y del déficit estrogénico. Están presentes en una de cada cinco de las mujeres diagnosticadas de osteoporosis y hasta en la mitad de los varones con fracturas osteoporóticas. Una importante cantidad de enfermedades endocrinológicas, digestivas, hematológicas, reumatológicas, infecciosas y tumorales, así como el uso de múltiples fármacos, se ha asociado a pérdida de masa ósea y a un riesgo incrementado de fractura. En la presente actualización se revisan sus causas, fisiopatología, evaluación y tratamiento recomendado.

Abstract.: Active hyperthyroidism is associated with reduced bone mass. Nevertheless, not all patients show the same risk for developing osteoporosis. Our aim was to analyze some clinical and biochemical potential predictors of low bone mass in hyperthyroid patients. We studied 127 consecutive hyperthyroid patients (110 females, 17 males; aged 42 ± 16 years). Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at lumbar spine (LS; L2–L4) and femoral neck (FN). Data were expressed as g/cm2 and T-score. Patients were placed into two groups based on recent WHO criteria: Group A, no osteoporosis (n = 98); and group B, lumbar or femoral osteoporosis (n = 29). Study protocol included evaluation of osteoporosis risk factors, anthropometrical variables, thyroid function, and bone turnover markers. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) plots for the precision of bone markers and multivariate analysis for the prediction of BMD and osteoporosis were performed. Group B showed greater age and proportion of menopausal females; lower weight, height, and calcium intake; longer duration of menopause; and greater levels of total and bone alkaline phosphatase and of urine hydroxyproline. No differences in thyroid function, osteocalcin, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, and type I collagen C-telopeptide (ICTP) were found. The best predictive model accounted for 46% and 62% of the variability of lumbar and femoral BMD respectively and correctly classified 89% of the osteoporotic hyperthyroid patients. No significant difference in ROC plots was observed. It is concluded that hyperthyroid patients with lumbar or femoral osteoporosis show a typical clinical and biochemical profile illustrating that the relationship between BMD and bone markers is better in high turnover states. Classical bone turnover markers show high performance in the evaluation of hyperthyroid bone disease.